Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
  • A61K8/34—Alcohols
  • A61K8/342—Alcohols having more than seven atoms in an unbroken chain
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • A61K8/42—Amides
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof

Definitions

• the present invention relates to mild hair conditioning compositions.
• Scalp hair becomes soiled due to its contact with the surrounding environment and from sebum secreted from the hair follicles.
• the build-up of sebum and environmental soiling can cause the hair to have a dirty or greasy feel, and an unattractive appearance.
• Shampooing the hair removes excess sebum and other environmental soiling but has disadvantages in that the hair can be left in a wet, tangled, and relatively unmanageable state. Shampooing can also result in the hair becoming dry due to the removal of natural oils or other hair moisturizing materials. After shampooing, the hair can also suffer from a perceived loss of "softness.” Frequent shampooing also contributes to the phenomena of "split ends," particularly for long hair. Split ends refers to a condition wherein the ends of the hair are split into two or more shafts, resulting in a frizzy appearance.
• conditioners which provide dry combing benefits and wet hair feel attributes such as ease of spreading and hair softness during rinsing.
• new conditioners which are mild for scalp, hair and skin.
• Hair rinse conditioners have conventionally been based on the combination of a cationic surfactant, which is generally a quaternary ammonium compound such as ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, and fatty alcohols, such as cetyl and stearyl alcohols. This combination results in a gel-network structure which provides the compositions with a thick, creamy rheology.
• quaternary ammonium compounds are not sufficient to provide hair softness and ease of spreading during rinsing and dry combing.
• quaternary ammonium compounds may cause harshness and irritation to scalp, hair and/or skin. Further, some of the quaternary ammonium compounds such as ditallowdimethylammonium chloride are not biodegradable, and consequently are not preferred in view of environmental requirements.
• Japanese Patent Publication (laid-open) No. 62-51612 discloses a hair treatment composition comprising amidoamine derivatives and carboxylic acid derivatives which provide conditioning efficacy for drying.
• Japanese Patent Publication (laid-open) No. 64- 6210 discloses a hair conditioning composition comprising bis(2-alkyl-N-hydroxy ethyl imidazoline) chloracetic acid complex amphoteric surfactant and amidoamine which provides hair softness and smoothness.
• Japanese Patent Publication (laid-open) No. 5-271036 discloses a hair treating composition comprising amidoamine compounds, amphoteric surfactants, higher fatty alcohol, organic acid and water.
• Japanese Patent Publication (laid-open) No. 5- 271035 also discloses a hair treating composition comprising amidoamine compounds.
• hair conditioning compositions substantially free of quaternary ammonium compounds can be provided in the form of a product which is very mild for scalp, hair and/or skin, and which have excellent wet hair feel, spreadability, and rinsability, as well as providing glossiness, and dry combing benefits while being formulated in a rinse on or rinse off conditioner, through the use of amidoamines, acids, and fatty compounds.
• the present invention relates to hair conditioning compositions comprising by weight: (a) from about 0.5% to about 5.0% of an amidoamine; (b) from about 0.05% to about 2.0% of an acid; (c) from about 0.1% to about 15% of a fatty compound selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, and mixtures thereof; and (d) water; wherein the pH of the composition is from about 4.5 to about 6, or the mole ratio of the amidoamine to the acid is from about 1 :0.3 to about 1:1.0.
• the fatty compound is selected from the group consisting of pure cetyl alcohol, pure stearyl alcohol, and pure behenyl alcohol.
• the hair conditioning composition is made by a method comprising the steps of mixing the amidoamine, the acid, and water at an elevated temperature, followed by addition of the fatty compound.
• compositions satisfy the need for a hair conditioning composition substantially free of quaternary ammonium compounds having excellent wet hair feel, spreadability, and rinsability, as well as providing glossiness, and dry combing benefits while being formulated in a leave on or rinse off conditioner having a thick, cream-type rheology with excellent spreading, and slick feel during spreading and rinsing.
• the invention hereof can compromise, consist of, or consist essentially of the essential elements described herein as well as any of the preferred or optional ingredients also described herein.
• compositions of the present invention comprise by weight from about 0.5% to about 5.0%, preferably from about 1.0 % to about 3.0%, more preferably from about 1.5% to about 2.5%, of an amidoamine or mixture of amidoamines.
• the amidoamines hereof have the following general formula: wherein R is a residue of C-j -j to C24 fatty acids, R2 is a C-
• Preferred amidoamines useful in the present invention include stearamidopropyldimethylamine, stearamidopropyldiethylamine, stearamidoethyldiethylamine, stearamidoethyldimethylamine, palmitamidopropyldimethylamine, palmitamidopropyldiethylamine, palmitamidoethyldiethylamine, palmitamidoethyldimethylamine, behenamidopropyldimethylamine, behenamidopropyldiethylamine, behenamidoethyldiethylamine, behenamidoethyldimethylamine, arachidamidopropyldimethylamine, arachidamidopropyldiethylamine, arachidamidoethyidiethylamine, arachidamidoethyidiethylamine, arachidamidoethyldimethyl
• compositions of the present invention comprise by weight from about 0.05% to about 2.0%, preferably from about 0.2% to about 1.5%, and more preferably from about 0.3% to about 1.0% of an acid or mixture of acids.
• the acids in this invention can be any acid used by those skilled in the art, including organic acids and inorganic acids.
• Preferred acids useful in the present invention include L-glutamic acid, lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid, L-glutamic acid hydrochloride, tartaric acid, and mixtures thereof; more preferably L-glutamic acid, lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, and mixtures thereof.
• Citric acid is preferably not used.
• the mole ratio of amidoamines of the present invention to acids of the present invention is from about 1 :0.3 to about 1 :1 , more preferably from about 1 :0.5 to about 1:0.9.
• compositions of the present invention comprise by weight from about 0.1 to about 15%, preferably from about 1% to about 10% of a fatty compound selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
• a fatty compound selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
• fatty alcohols selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
• Nonlimiting examples of the fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, and fatty acid derivatives are found in International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Fifth Edition, 1993, and CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition, 1992, both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
• the fatty alcohols useful herein are those having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and more preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fatty alcohols can be straight or branched chain alcohols and can be saturated or unsaturated.
• Nonlimiting examples of fatty alcohols include decyl alcohol, undecyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, linalool, oleyl alcohol, cholesterol, cis-4-t- butylcyclohexanol, myricyl alcohol and mixtures thereof.
• Preferred fatty alcohols are those selected from the group consisting of cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.
• An especially preferred class of fatty alcohols are those selected from the group consisting of pure cetyl alcohol, pure stearyl alcohol, and pure behenyl alcohol.
• pure what is meant is that the compound is of at least about 90% purity, preferably at least about 95% purity. These compounds provide good rinsing characteristics to the composition of the present invention.
• the fatty acids useful herein are those having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and more preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fatty acids can be straight or branched chain acids and can be saturated or unsaturated. Also included are diacids, triacids, and other multiple acids which meet the carbon number requirement herein. Also included herein are salts of these fatty acids. Nonlimiting examples of fatty acids include lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, arachidonic acid, oleic acid, isostearic acid, sebacic acid, and mixtures thereof. Especially preferred for use herein are the fatty acids selected from the group consisting of palmitic acid, stearic acid, and mixtures thereof.
• the fatty alcohol derivatives are defined herein to include alkyl ethers of fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty alcohols, alkyl ethers of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, esters of fatty alcohols and mixtures thereof.
• Nonlimiting examples of fatty alcohol derivatives include materials such as methyl stearyl ether; 2- ethylhexyl dodecyl ether; stearyl acetate; cetyl propionate; the ceteth series of compounds such as ceteth-1 through ceteth-45, which are ethylene glycol ethers of cetyl alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; the steareth series of compounds such as steareth-1 through 10, which are ethylene glycol ethers of steareth alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; ceteareth 1 through ceteareth-10, which are the ethylene glycol ethers of ceteareth alcohol
• fatty acid derivatives are defined herein to include fatty acid esters of the fatty alcohols as defined above in this section, fatty acid esters of the fatty alcohol derivatives as defined above in this section when such fatty alcohol derivatives have an esterifiable hydroxyl group, fatty acid esters of alcohols other than the fatty alcohols and the fatty alcohol derivatives described above in this section, hydroxy-substituted fatty acids, and mixtures thereof.
• Nonlimiting examples of fatty acid derivatives include ricinoleic acid, glycerol monostearate, 12-hydroxy stearic acid, ethyl stearate, cetyl stearate, cetyl palmitate, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether stearate, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether stearate, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether stearate, ethylenegiycol monostearate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene distearate, propyleneglycol monostearate, propyleneglycol distearate, trimethylolpropane distearate, sorbitan stearate, polyglyceryl stearate, dimethyl sebacate, PEG-15 cocoate, PPG-15 stearate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl distearate, glyceryl tristearate, PEG-8 laurate, PPG-2 isostearate, PPG-9 laurate, and mixtures
• compositions of the present invention comprise water.
• the water phase can optionally include other liquid, water-miscible or water-soluble solvents such as lower alkyl alcohols, e.g. C1-C5 alkyl monohydric alcohols, preferably C2-C3 alkyl alcohols.
• the fatty compound must be miscible in the aqueous phase of the composition. Said fatty compound can be naturally miscible in the aqueous phase or can be made miscible through the use of cosolvents or surfactants.
• compositions of the present invention have a pH of from about 4.5 to about 6.
• QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS The compositions of the present invention are substantially free of quaternary ammonium compounds which are commonly used in the art. Examples of quaternary ammonium compounds are those of the general formula:
• R ⁇ -R 4 are independently an aliphatic group of from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyi, aryl or alkylaryl group having from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; and X is a salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen, (e.g. chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, and alkylsulfate radicals.
• the aliphatic groups may contain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, ether linkages, and other groups such as amino groups.
• compositions of the present invention may comprise by weight from about 0.1% to about 20.0%, preferably from about 1.0% to about 15.0%, and more preferably from about 2.0% to about 10% of other conditioning agents known in the industry.
• Suitable conditioning agents are cationic polymers, volatile silicones (including soluble and insoluble silicones), nonvolatile silicones (including soluble and insoluble silicones), nonvolatile hydrocarbons, nonvolatile hydrocarbon esters, and proteins.
• compositions of the present invention can comprise one or more cationic polymer conditioning agents.
• the cationic polymer conditioning agents will preferably be water soluble.
• water soluble cationic polymer By “water soluble” cationic polymer, what is meant is a polymer which is sufficiently soluble in water to form a substantially clear solution to the naked eye at a concentration of 0.1% in water (distilled or equivalent) at 25°C. Preferably, the polymer will be sufficiently soluble to form a substantially clear solution at a concentration of 0.1% in water (distilled or equivalent) at 25°C. Preferably, the polymer will be sufficiently soluble to form a substantially clear solution at
• polymer shall include materials whether made by polymerization of one type of monomer or made by two (i.e., copolymers) or more types of monomers.
• the cationic polymers hereof will generally have a weight average molecular weight which is at least about 5,000, typically at least about 10,000, and is less than about 10 million. Preferably, the molecular weight is from about 100,000 to about 2 million.
• the cationic polymers will generally have cationic nitrogen-containing moieties such as quaternary ammonium or cationic amino moieties, and mixtures thereof.
• the cationic charge density is preferably at least about 0.1 meq/gram, more preferably at least about 1.5 meq/gram, even more preferably at least abut 1.1 meq/gram, still more preferably at least about 1.2 meq/gram.
• Cationic charge density of the cationic polymer can be determined according to the Kjeldahl Method. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the charge density of amino-containing polymers may vary depending upon pH and the isoelectric point of the amino groups. The charge density should be within the above limits at the pH of intended use. Any anionic counterions can be utilized for the cationic polymers so long as the water solubility criteria is met.
• Suitable counterions include halides (e.g., Cl, Br, I, or F, preferably Cl, Br, or I), sulfate, and methylsulfate. Others can also be used, as this list is not exclusive.
• the cationic nitrogen-containing moiety will be present generally as a substituent, on a fraction of the total monomer units of the cationic hair conditioning polymers.
• the cationic polymer can comprise copolymers, terpolymers, etc. of quaternary ammonium or cationic amine-substituted monomer units and other non-cationic units referred to herein as spacer monomer units.
• Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, copolymers of vinyl monomers having cationic amine or quaternary ammonium functionalities with water soluble spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl acrylamides, alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamides, alkyl aery late, alkyl methacrylate, vinyl caprolactone, and vinyl pyrrolidone.
• the alkyl and dialkyl substituted monomers preferably have C-1-C7 alkyl groups, more preferably C-
• Other suitable spacer monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl alcohol (made by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate), maleic anhydride, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol.
• the cationic amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary amines, depending upon the particular species and the pH of the composition. In general, secondary and tertiary amines, especially tertiary amines, are preferred.
• Amine-substituted vinyl monomers can be polymerized in the amine form, and then optionally can be converted to ammonium by a quaternization reaction.
• Amines can also be similarly quatemized subsequent to formation of the polymer.
• tertiary amine functionalities can be quatemized by reaction with a salt of the formula R'X wherein R' is a short chain alkyl, preferably a C1-C7 alkyl, more preferably a C1-C3 alkyl, and X is an anion which forms a water soluble salt with the quatemized ammonium.
• Suitable cationic amino and quaternary ammonium monomers include, for example, vinyl compounds substituted with dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, trialkyl methacryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, trialkyl acryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, diallyl quaternary ammonium salts, and vinyl quaternary ammonium monomers having cyclic cationic nitrogen-containing rings such as pyridinium, imidazolium, and quatemized pyrrolidone, e.g., alkyl vinyl imidazolium, alkyl vinyl pyridinium, alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts.
• the alkyl portions of these monomers are preferably lower alkyls such as the C1-C3 alkyls, more preferably C-
• Suitable amine-substituted vinyl monomers for use herein include dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl acryiamide, and dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylamide, wherein the alkyl groups are preferably C-1-C7 hydrocarbyls, more preferably C1-C3, alkyls.
• the cationic polymers hereof can comprise mixtures of monomer units derived from amine- and/or quaternary ammonium-substituted monomer and/or compatible spacer monomers.
• Suitable cationic hair conditioning polymers include, for example: copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium salt (e.g., chloride salt) (referred to in the industry by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, "CTFA", as Polyquaternium-16), such as those commercially available from BASF Wyandotte Corp.
• cationic polymers that can be used include polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch derivatives.
• Cationic polysaccharide polymer materials suitable for use herein include those of the formula: A- 0 ( - R- N + - R 3 X - )
• A is an anhydroglucose residual group, such as a starch or cellulose anhydroglucose residual
• R is an alkylene oxyalkylene, polyoxyalkylene, or hydroxyalkylene group, or combination thereof
• R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 independently are alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms for each cationic moiety (i.e., the sum of carbon atoms in R 1 , R 2 and R 3 ) preferably being about 20 or less
• X is an anionic counterion, as previously described.
• Cationic cellulose is available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) in their Polymer JR® and LR® series of polymers, as salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10.
• CTFA trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide
• Another type of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted opoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) under the tradename Polymer LM-200®.
• cationic polymers that can be used include cationic guar gum derivatives, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride (commercially available from Celanese Corp. in their Jaguar R series).
• Other materials include quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers (e.g., as described in U.S. Patent 3,962,418, incorporated herein by reference), and copolymers of etherified cellulose and starch (e.g., as described in U.S. Patent 3,958,581 , incorporated herein by reference.)
• the cationic polymer hereof is water soluble. This does not mean, however, that it must be soluble in the composition.
• the cationic polymer is either soluble in the composition, or in a complex coacervate phase in the composition formed by the cationic polymer and anionic material.
• Complex coacervates of the cationic polymer can be formed with anionic surfactants or with anionic polymers that can optionally be added to the compositions hereof (e.g., sodium polystyrene sulfonate). Silicone Conditioning Agent
• compositions hereof can include volatile soluble or insoluble, or nonvolatile soluble or insoluble silicone conditioning agents.
• soluble what is meant is that the silicone conditioning agent is miscible with the aqueous carrier of the composition so as to form part of the same phase.
• insoluble what is meant is that the silicone forms a separate, discontinuous phase from the aqueous carrier, such as in the form of an emulsion or a suspension of droplets of the silicone.
• the silicone hair conditioning agent can be used in the compositions hereof at levels of from about 0.05% to about 20% by weight of the composition, preferably from about 0.1% to about 6%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 5%, still more preferably from about 0.5% to about 3%.
• Soluble silicones include silicone copolyols, such as dimethicone copolyols, e.g. polyether siloxane-modified polymers, such as polypropylene oxide, polyethylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane, wherein the level of ethylene and/or propylene oxide is sufficient to allow solubility in the composition.
• silicone copolyols such as dimethicone copolyols
• polyether siloxane-modified polymers such as polypropylene oxide, polyethylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane, wherein the level of ethylene and/or propylene oxide is sufficient to allow solubility in the composition.
• insoluble silicones Preferred, however, are insoluble silicones.
• the insoluble silicone hair conditioning agent for use herein will preferably have viscosity of from about
• centistokes at 25°C, more preferably from about 10,000 to about 1 ,800,000, even more preferably from about 100,000 to about 1 ,500,000.
• the viscosity can be measured by means of a glass capillary viscometer as set forth in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM0004, July 20, 1970.
• Suitable insoluble, nonvolatile silicone fluids include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures thereof. Other insoluble, nonvolatile silicone fluids having hair conditioning properties can also be used.
• nonvolatile shall mean that the silicone has a boiling point of at least about 260°C, preferably at least about 275°C, more preferably at least about 300°C Such materials exhibit very low or no significant vapor pressure at ambient conditions.
• silicone fluid shall mean flowable silicone materials having a viscosity of less than 1 ,000,000 centistokes at 25°C.
• the viscosity of the fluid will be between about 5 and 1 ,000,000 centistokes at 25°C, preferably between about 10 and about 300,000 centistokes.
• Silicone fluids hereof also include polyalkyl or polyaryl siloxanes with the following structure:
• R R R R wherein R is alkyl or aryl, and x is an integer from about 7 to about 8,000.
• A represents groups which block the ends of the silicone chains.
• the alkyl or aryl groups substituted on the siloxane chain (R) or at the ends of the siloxane chains (A) may have any structure as long as the resulting silicones remain fluid at room temperature, are hydrophobic, are neither irritating, toxic nor otherwise harmful when applied to the hair, are compatible with the other components of the composition, are chemically stable under normal use and storage conditions, and are capable of being deposited on and of conditioning hair.
• Suitable A groups include methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and aryloxy.
• the two R groups on the silicone atom may represent the same group or different groups. Preferably, the two R groups represent the same group.
• Suitable R groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl and phenylmethyl.
• the preferred silicones are polydimethyl siloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethylphenylsiloxane. Polydimethylsiloxane is especially preferred.
• nonvolatile polyalkylsiloxane fluids that may be used include, for example, polydimethylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, for example, from the General Electric Company in their ViscasilR and SF 96 series, and from Dow Corning in their Dow Corning 200 series.
• polyalkylaryl siloxane fluids that may be used, also include, for example, polymethylphenylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, for example, from the General Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenyl fluid or from Dow Corning as 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid.
• highly arylated silicones such as highly phenylated polyethyl silicone having refractive indices of about 1.46 or higher, especially about 1.52 or higher.
• these high refractive index silicones should be mixed with a spreading agent, such as a surfactant or a silicone resin, as described below to decrease the surface tension and enhance the film forming ability of the material.
• the polyether siloxane copolymers include, for example, a polypropylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane (e.g., Dow Corning DC-1248) although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may also be used.
• the ethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide level should be sufficiently low to prevent solubility in the composition hereof.
• silicone fluids include U.S. Patent 2,826,551 , Geen; U.S. Patent 3,964,500, Drakoff, issued June 22, 1976; U.S. Patent 4,364,837, Pader; and British Patent 849,433, Woolston. All of these patents are incorporated herein by reference. Also incorporated herein by reference is Silicon Compounds distributed by Petrarch Systems, Inc., 1984. This reference provides an extensive (though not exclusive) listing of suitable silicone fluids. Another silicone hair conditioning material that can be especially useful in the silicone conditioning agents is insoluble silicone gum.
• silicone gum means polyorganosiloxane materials having a viscosity at 25°C of greater than or equal to 1,000,000 centistokes.
• Silicone gums are described by Petrarch and others including U.S. Patent 4,152,416, Spitzer et al., issued May 1 , 1979 and Noll, Walter, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, New York: Academic Press 1968. Also describing silicone gums are General Electric Silicone Rubber Product Data Sheets SE 30, SE 33, SE 54 and SE 76. All of these described references are incorporated herein by reference.
• the "silicone gums” will typically have a mass molecular weight in excess of about 200,000, generally between about 200,000 and about 1,000,000. Specific examples include polydimethylsiloxane, (polydimethylsiloxane)
• the silicone hair conditioning agent comprises a mixture of a polydimethylsiloxane gum, having a viscosity greater than about 1 ,000,000 centistokes and polydimethylsiloxane fluid having a viscosity of from about 10 centistokes to about 100,000 centistokes, wherein the ratio of gum to fluid is from about 30:70 to about 70:30, preferably from about 40:60 to about 60:40.
• silicone resin An optional ingredient that can be included in the silicone conditioning agent is silicone resin.
• Silicone resins are highly crosslinked polymeric siloxane systems. The crosslinking is introduced through the incorporation of trifunctional and tetrafunctional silanes with monofunctional or difunctional, or both, silanes during manufacture of the silicone resin. As is well understood in the art, the degree of crosslinking that is required in order to result in a silicone resin will vary according to the specific silane units incorporated into the silicone resin. In general, silicone materials which have a sufficient level of trifunctional and tetrafunctional siloxane monomer units (and hence, a sufficient level of crosslinking) such that they dry down to a rigid, or hard, film are considered to be silicone resins.
• the ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms is indicative of the level of crosslinking in a particular silicone material.
• Silicone materials which have at least about 1.1 oxygen atoms per silicon atom will generally be silicone resins herein.
• the ratio of oxygen:silicon atoms is at least about 1.2:1.0.
• Silanes used in the manufacture of silicone resins include monomethyl-, dimethyl-, trimethyl-, monophenyl-, diphenyl-, methylphenyl-, monovinyl-, and methylvinyl-chlorosilanes, and tetrachlorosilane, with the methyl-substituted silanes being most commonly utilized.
• Preferred resins are offered by General Electric as GE SS4230 and SS4267.
• Commercially available silicone resins will generally be supplied in a dissolved form in a low viscosity volatile or nonvolatile silicone fluid.
• the silicone resins for use herein should be supplied and incorporated into the present compositions in such dissolved form, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
• Silicone resins can enhance deposition of silicone on the hair and can enhance the glossiness of hair with high refractive index volumes.
• Silicone materials and silicone resins in particular can conveniently be identified according to a shorthand nomenclature system well known to those skilled in the art as "MDTQ" nomenclature. Under this system, the silicone is described according to presence of various siloxane monomer units which make up the silicone.
• M denotes the monofunctional unit ( H3)3SiOrj.5; D denotes the difunctional unit (CH3)2SiO; T denotes the trifunctional unit (CH3)SiO ⁇
• the molar ratios of the various units either in terms of subscripts to the symbols indicating the total number of each type of unit in the silicone (or an average thereof) or as specifically indicated ratios in combination with molecular weight complete the description of the silicone material under the MDTQ system.
• Higher relative molar amounts of T, Q, T and/or Q' to D, D', M and/or or M' in a silicone resin is indicative of higher levels of crosslinking.
• the overall level of crosslinking can also be indicated by the oxygen to silicon ratio.
• the silicone resins for use herein which are preferred are MQ, MT, MTQ, MQ and MDTQ resins.
• the preferred silicone substituent is methyl.
• MQ resins wherein the M:Q ratio is from about 0.5:1.0 to about 1.5:1.0 and the average molecular weight of the resin is from about 1000 to about 10,000.
• compositions herein can contain a variety of other optional components suitable for rendering such compositions more cosmetically or aesthetically acceptable or to provide them with additional usage benefits.
• Such conventional optional ingredients are well-known to those skilled in the art.
• additional ingredients can be formulated into the present composition.
• these include: other conditioning agents such as mineral oil, propylene glycol, coconut oil, palm oil, hydrolyzed collagen and hydrolyzed keratin; hair-hold polymers; detersive surfactants such as anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, and zwitterionic surfactants; additional thickening agents and suspending agents such as xanthan gum, guar gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, starch and starch derivatives; viscosity modifiers such as methanolamides of long chain fatty acids such as cocomonoethanol amide; crystalline suspending agents; pearlescent aids such as ethylene glycol distearate; preservatives such as benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben and imidazolidinyl urea; polyvinyl alcohol; ethyl alcohol; pH adjusting agents, such as citric acid, sodium citrate, succ
• the hair conditioning compositions of the present invention are used in conventional ways to provide the conditioning and other benefits of the present invention. Such method of use depends upon the type of composition employed but generally involves application of an effective amount of the product to the hair, which may then be rinsed from the hair (as in the case of hair rinses) or allowed to remain on the hair (as in the case of gels, lotions, and creams).
• Effective amount means an amount sufficient enough to provide a dry combing benefit. In general, from about 1g to about 50g is applied to the hair on the scalp. The composition is distributed throughout the hair, typically by rubbing or massaging the hair and scalp. Preferably, the composition is applied to wet or damp hair prior to drying of the hair. After such compositions are applied to the hair, the hair is dried and styled in accordance with the preference of the user. In the alternative, the composition is applied to dry hair, and the hair is then combed or styled in accordance with the preference of the user.
• a preferred and suitable method of making the compositions of the present invention comprises the steps of first mixing the amidoamine, the acid, and water at a temperature above 70°C, followed by addition of fatty compound while maintaining the temperature at above 70°C, cooling, and finally adding remaining components including heat-sensitive components.
• Example III disodium EDTA is added prior to or after cooling.
• Example III and IV methyl and propyl parabens are added prior to cooling.
• the obtained products show dry combing benefits and good feel when the hair is wet.
• EXAMPLES V-VIII Hair rinse compositions of the present invention are prepared as follows: Co Donent (Wt.%) Ex.V Ex.VI Ex.VII Ex.VIII
• Example VI lactic acid is used.
• Example V Glydant was added after silicone mixture, while for Examples VI through VII, Kathon CG is added.
• the obtained products show dry combing benefits and good feel when the hair is wet.
• Hair rinse compositions of the present invention are prepared as follows:
• Example IX and X L-glutamic acid is used, while for Examples XI, lactic acid is used.
• the obtained products show dry combing benefits and good feel when the hair is wet.
• Hair rinse compositions of the present invention are prepared as follows:
• the obtained products show dry combing benefits and good feel when the hair is wet.

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• 1997
  • 1997-02-27 CA CA002229227A patent/CA2229227A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-02-27 WO PCT/US1997/003066 patent/WO1997031616A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-02-27 EP EP97907909A patent/EP0859586A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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