EP0859537B1 - Dispositif de chauffage à corps de chauffe surmoulé - Google Patents
Dispositif de chauffage à corps de chauffe surmoulé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0859537B1 EP0859537B1 EP19980400335 EP98400335A EP0859537B1 EP 0859537 B1 EP0859537 B1 EP 0859537B1 EP 19980400335 EP19980400335 EP 19980400335 EP 98400335 A EP98400335 A EP 98400335A EP 0859537 B1 EP0859537 B1 EP 0859537B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- heating device
- reinforcing
- heating element
- wire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
- H05B3/56—Heating cables
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of heating by electric resistors, and more particularly a resistance heater electric comprising a heating body molded in a polymeric material.
- the air is heated by convection, free or forced, in contact with metal surfaces.
- These surfaces are generally made up of tubes called metallic heating bodies, most often in stainless steel or aluminum, containing an electrical resistance, arranged along the axis longitudinal of said tube.
- the electrical resistance is a coiled metal wire, embedded in grains of magnesia compacted. Magnesia, thermal conductor and good insulator dielectric, thus safely ensures the transfer of resistance heat to the outside of the tube.
- tubular heaters are of small diameter (of the order of ten millimeters); it is therefore necessary to increase the exchange surface between the air and the tube by adding diffusers to them, or fins, made of a material which is a good thermal conductor, by aluminum, for example.
- the assembly must be arranged in a covering, or bodywork, on the one hand to prevent the user to be in direct contact with the body of heat up to temperatures of the order of 180 to 350 ° C, and secondly allow cold air from the lower part, not closed, to be reheated and rise towards the upper part, also open, direction of the room to be heated ("chimney" effect).
- the disadvantage of these convectors is therefore to present a some bulk.
- heating takes place thanks to the radiation of an electrical circuit placed at the surface of a tempered glass plate, an enameled plate or a schooped aluminum plate.
- the printed circuit is generally in screen-printed silver paste. All must, as for convectors, be arranged in a protective covering, also having a certain footprint. This space cannot be reduced because it is defined by current standards imposing a space at least 4 millimeters or at least 8 millimeters, between respectively the tubular heating element or the plate glazed and metallic bodywork, for reasons of electrical and thermal safety.
- Other resistance heating systems cables use cables for heating flexible heaters. They come in the form of flexible cords or ribbons containing resistance heater molded in a polymer material (PVC, PTFE, silicone rubber, polyurethane ). Such ribbons are described in document FR-B-2599115 and are used by example to the frost protection of pipes along of which they are arranged in a straight line or wound in a helix. Given the nature of their sheath in terms of thermoplastic, they have the property of being flexible, i.e. they cannot be used as heating element without support (pipes, frame, ). They are also mechanically very fragile, risk of being damaged by rubbing, crushing or cutting by tools. In addition, their properties are degrade when the temperature rises, mainly by softening their outer sheath.
- the present invention therefore aims to remedy problems encountered with previous devices, that is to say in particular to reduce the size of the convection and / or radiation heating device, and provide a rigid and mechanically very device resistant, while ensuring significant safety for the user (electrical tightness, temperature rise moderate %)
- the present invention provides a device electric resistance heating, comprising at least a heating body, characterized in that this body heater is molded in a thermosetting material which ensures the diffusion of heat from the heating body to outside the device.
- a thermosetting material which ensures the diffusion of heat from the heating body to outside the device.
- thermosetting material is obtained from a resin made of unsaturated polyester.
- thermosetting materials are good dielectric insulators, so they are perfectly suited to the electrical "sealing" of the heating bodies that they coat.
- thermosetting materials are good dielectric insulators, so they are perfectly suited to the electrical "sealing" of the heating bodies that they coat.
- heat insulators use is made, in the present invention, of their poorly conductive nature.
- thermosetting polymer materials have good thermal emissivity properties, close to enamelled plates for example, where interesting properties for radiation.
- thermosetting materials and in particular those based on unsaturated polyester resin, are very mechanically resistant.
- their mechanical strength can be further improved, if the thermosetting material includes admixtures reinforcement, for example fibers, such as fibers glass, carbon fibers or organic fibers synthetic.
- these fibers are preferably associated with unsaturated polyester resin, before or during of its polymerization.
- Unsaturated polyester resins associated with glass fibers are preferred because they have a modulus of elasticity much higher than that of polyester alone, as well as greater resistance to traction.
- thermosetting material can further include strength boosters with ultraviolet rays.
- a conventional heater used in a first variant of the invention is a heating cable which has an electrically resistant wire wound around a electrically insulating support, for example made of glass, the wire / support assembly being surrounded by a sheath, preferably silicone rubber, or even fiber of glass.
- the linear power of the heating cable can reach or exceed 100 Watts per meter.
- thermosetting material is dielectrically insulating
- the heating body is consisting only of electrically resistant wire (s), naked, directly embedded in the material thermosetting.
- the heating body consists of a cable heating of the multi-strand type, overmolded with a sheath, by silicone example.
- thermosetting material then serves both rigid support, electrical insulation, and coating protector of the electrical resistance, while ensuring the heat transfer to the outside of the device.
- any other material having properties identical, particularly with regard to rigidity and dielectric performance could replace the material thermosetting polymer, for example polymers high temperature resistant thermoplastics, such as polyamide 11, polyamide 66, or P.E.T.
- thermosetting does not coat the heating body (cable or wire) in its entirety, but leaves its ends free for electrical connections.
- Thermal limiters of known type, can be added to the device of the invention. It could be "external" material temperature limiters thermosetting which cuts the electric current as soon as the predetermined maximum temperature is reached, i.e. internal limiters mounted in series with the (or the) electrical resistance (s), such as a bimetallic strip, is still self-regulating cables (i.e. cables whose ohmic characteristics are modified according to the temperature, with a maximum at 80 ° C for example).
- the electric resistance heating device (1) comprises at least one heating body (2) which is a cable heating.
- a central portion of such a cable (3) is shown schematically in Figure 1.
- the core (4) (or core) of the heating cable (3) is consisting of a bundle of glass fibers forming a cylindrical support. On this support is wound a wire (5) electrically resistant, according to a predetermined pitch, the wire (5) + support (4) assembly is wrapped in a sheath (6) silicone.
- the diameter of the heating cable (3) is close to 2 to 2.2 millimeters.
- thermosetting material (7) As shown in figure 2.
- the heating device (1) is molded in the form of a plate rectangular, 600 x 120 mm in size and thick 10 or 20 millimeters.
- a single cable (3) is arranged in the middle of said plate (relative to thickness), i.e. equidistant from the faces anterior and posterior of the plate, and distributed uniformly, parallel to the length of the plate, going back and forth (here 3 in number) in occupying the maximum available space.
- Load linear of the cable is 50 Watts per meter.
- thermosetting material used in this example is a TMC type unsaturated polyester resin from at Crey-Valley (TOTAL).
- TOTAL Crey-Valley
- Continuous temperature reaches 70 ° C at surface of the device (1) in the case where the plate has a thickness of 10 mm.
- the plate shown in Figure 2 can be used as a single heating device (1), or constitutes a module of a set of identical plates, to increase the heating surface.
- the modules are stackable (if arranged horizontally), or juxtaposable (with a layout vertical), the different cables are then mounted in series, connected by their free ends (8, 9) complementary.
- FIG 3 shows schematically an exemplary embodiment of the device of the invention where the heating bodies (2) are arranged in parallel.
- These heating bodies (2) are either cables heaters such as that shown in Figure 1, or electrically resistant, bare, connected wires and electrically connected at their ends to bars vertical right (10a) and left (10b) metal (brass, bronze, or other), these bars (10a and 10b) have each of the female upper endings (11a and 11b) and male lower endings (12a, 12b), their allowing to nest by overlapping.
- Each set heating element (2) / bars (10a, 10b) is fully molded in a thermosetting polymer without leaving appear that the endings (11a, 12a, 11b, 12b) for form a module (13).
- the module (13) is nestable on a module identical (13 '), the electrical connections being established immediately and directly at the terminations metallic 12a, 12b, without the need for an electrical cord intermediate.
- the shape of each module (13, 13 ') is cut horizontally, giving birth of interstices (14, 14 ') facilitating assembly of modules.
- the device according to the invention can therefore be used as a radiant panel, as part of heating of a living room, an office.
- the shape of the device is not limited to a plate as presented in the examples of FIGS. 2 and 3, but can be a disc, a bar, or any other desired shape.
- the molding in thermoplastic material of heater can also in addition to the coating of the heating element (s), include or form the support element or the attachment element of the device heating, in one piece, which decreases notably the size, as well as the costs of manufacturing and installation.
- the device according to the invention does not does not need to be incorporated into a bodywork or casing, if its surface temperature does not exceed 90 ° vs.
- thermosetting material also gives a pleasant aesthetic appearance.
- Another advantage is that it can be used without problem in very humid atmospheres (e.g. bathrooms), or even in contact with water.
- the corrosion problems are ruled out with the device according to the invention.
- This device can also be incorporated into walls, floors, tiles, as well as any wall to be heated or maintained to a certain temperature, such as baths, tanks ...
- the high mechanical strength of the polymer thermosetting also allows to consider applications in a wide variety of areas, where the heater does not can be neither altered nor distorted.
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 présente une vue schématique d'un câble chauffant utilisé comme corps de chauffe dans une variante du dispositif selon l'invention.
- La figure 2 est une vue de face d'un dispositif selon l'invention.
- La figure 3 représente une vue de face d'une variante du dispositif de l'invention.
Claims (9)
- Dispositif de chauffage par résistance électrique, comprenant au moins un corps de chauffe (2) noyé dans un matériau polymère, qui assure la diffusion de chaleur du corps ae chauffe vers l'extérieur au dispositif, caractérisé en ce que le matériau polymère est un matériau thermodurcissable.
- Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau thermodurcissable est obtenu à partir d'une résine en polyester insaturé.
- Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le corps de chauffe est un câble chauffant (3) qui comporte un fil (5) électriquement résistant bobiné autour d'un support (4) électriquement isolant, l'ensemble fil/support étant entouré d'une gaine (6).
- Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la gaine entourant l'ensemble fil/support est à base de silicone.
- Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le corps de chauffe (2) est constitué uniquement d'un (de) fil(s) électriquement résistant(s).
- Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau thermodurcissable comprend des adjuvants de renforcement de sa résistance mécanique.
- Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les adjuvants de renforcement sont des fibres de renforcement.
- Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les fibres de renforcement sont des fibres de verre.
- Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau thermodurcissable comprend des adjuvants de renforcement de sa résistance aux rayons ultra-violets.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9701720A FR2759841B1 (fr) | 1997-02-14 | 1997-02-14 | Dispositif de chauffage a corps de chauffe surmoule |
FR9701720 | 1997-02-14 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0859537A2 EP0859537A2 (fr) | 1998-08-19 |
EP0859537A3 EP0859537A3 (fr) | 1998-09-02 |
EP0859537B1 true EP0859537B1 (fr) | 2002-07-24 |
Family
ID=9503703
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19980400335 Expired - Lifetime EP0859537B1 (fr) | 1997-02-14 | 1998-02-13 | Dispositif de chauffage à corps de chauffe surmoulé |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0859537B1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2180123T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2759841B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11505899B2 (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2022-11-22 | Nvent Services Gmbh | Anti-icing surface with polymeric supports |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2792491B1 (fr) * | 1999-04-16 | 2001-06-15 | Acome Soc Coop Travailleurs | Dispositif de chauffage electrique a cables electriques autoregulants |
FR2839238B1 (fr) * | 2002-04-26 | 2004-07-09 | Atlantic Industrie Sas | Dispositif de chauffage a corps de chauffe pris en sandwich entre deux plaques de materiaux differents |
FR2908261B1 (fr) * | 2006-11-03 | 2014-08-15 | Atlantic Industrie Sas | "panneau chauffant etanche et unidirectionnel pour radiateur electrique et radiateur electrique incluant un tel panneau" |
FR2908262B1 (fr) * | 2006-11-03 | 2014-08-15 | Atlantic Industrie Sas | "radiateur seche-serviettes electrique en verre de type echelle" |
EP2781325B1 (fr) * | 2013-03-20 | 2017-08-09 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Barre de scellement |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4058704A (en) * | 1974-12-27 | 1977-11-15 | Taeo Kim | Coilable and severable heating element |
FR2332674A1 (fr) * | 1975-11-21 | 1977-06-17 | Acim Jouanin | Piece souple chauffante |
KR900007569B1 (ko) * | 1985-10-25 | 1990-10-15 | 마쯔시다덴기산교 가부시기가이샤 | 가요성 감열전선 |
-
1997
- 1997-02-14 FR FR9701720A patent/FR2759841B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-02-13 ES ES98400335T patent/ES2180123T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-13 EP EP19980400335 patent/EP0859537B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11505899B2 (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2022-11-22 | Nvent Services Gmbh | Anti-icing surface with polymeric supports |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2759841B1 (fr) | 1999-04-30 |
EP0859537A3 (fr) | 1998-09-02 |
ES2180123T3 (es) | 2003-02-01 |
FR2759841A1 (fr) | 1998-08-21 |
EP0859537A2 (fr) | 1998-08-19 |
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