EP0859436B1 - Spark plug for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Spark plug for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0859436B1
EP0859436B1 EP98102016A EP98102016A EP0859436B1 EP 0859436 B1 EP0859436 B1 EP 0859436B1 EP 98102016 A EP98102016 A EP 98102016A EP 98102016 A EP98102016 A EP 98102016A EP 0859436 B1 EP0859436 B1 EP 0859436B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
noble metal
spark plug
annular
spark
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP98102016A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0859436A1 (en
Inventor
Harald Knoll
Erwin Schneck
Werner Niessner
Dirk Von Hacht
Heinz Ambacher
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BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
Original Assignee
Beru AG
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Publication of EP0859436A1 publication Critical patent/EP0859436A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H01T13/467—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in parallel connection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark plug for one, in particular gas-fired internal combustion engine according to the generic term of claim 1.
  • a spark plug is from the Patent Abstracts of Japan, Vol.096, N ° 011 & JP-A-08 171 976.
  • spark plugs for Internal combustion engines are currently increasing significantly, particularly applies to spark plugs that are used in stationary, large-volume, highly compressed, gas-fired internal combustion engines should be used. Spark plugs for this purpose are said to have a long term in the order of have at least 5000 hours. Because such internal combustion engines Working with high pressure must pay special attention to the electrode gap be placed. Real electrode distances of 0.2 nominally set to 0.3 mm, which means that with a Experience has shown that the ignition limit of such internal combustion engines 0.5 to 0.6 mm the potential burn-up reservoir of 0.2 up to 0.3 mm is quickly used up and the ignition limit is reached quickly.
  • the spark plugs currently available what does not meet the demand for a long life results in an expensive spark plug change.
  • the object underlying the invention is therefore therein, a spark plug according to the preamble of the claim 1 trained so that it has a longer term.
  • spark plug according to the invention can due to the Precious metal armouring small ignition gaps are formed and the electrode distance can be kept constant for a very long time.
  • a large spark outlet area can be provided so that the expectations regarding the long service life can be met.
  • the spark plug according to the invention can optimally develop the spark position, that is, the spark gap as far as possible in the combustion chamber in order to to ignite even extremely lean mixtures without interruptions.
  • Spark plug comprises a metallic body 1 Screw-in thread, in the center of which a ceramic insulator 2 is arranged. As shown in Fig. 1, it is a spark plug with a distorted spark position, at the insulator 2 over the front edge of the metallic body 1 also protrudes into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • a central electrode 3 is located in the center of the ceramic insulator 2 provided that together with a ground electrode 4 an ignition gap ZS forms for the formation of an ignition spark.
  • the ground electrode 4 is electrically connected to the metallic body 1 and formed in the form of a ring electrode which the encloses the entire circumference of the center electrode 3.
  • this is between the center electrode 3 and the ring electrode 4 ring-shaped formed that the entire jacket area of the center electrode 3 and the inner surface of the bore of the ring electrode 4 as a spark outlet surface can be used and as a burn-up reserve is available.
  • the life of the spark plug with one such spark gap training is through the use of a erosion-resistant material namely a precious metal such as platinum or a platinum alloy significantly increased.
  • a erosion-resistant material namely a precious metal such as platinum or a platinum alloy significantly increased.
  • Fig. 1 is shown for this purpose in the entire area of the spark gap the potential spark outlet surface is lined with the precious metal.
  • the center electrode 3 is in the area on the ignition side, i.e.
  • the ring electrode 4 is on the inside i.e. on the surface delimiting the ignition gap with a Precious metal socket 6 provided.
  • the precious metal sleeve 5 and the precious metal bushing 6 consist in particular of platinum or a platinum alloy.
  • the ring electrode 4 is bent and at an angle ⁇ connected to the body 1.
  • a taper at the ignition end of the center electrode 3 provided, on which the precious metal sleeve 5 is pushed or is pressed on.
  • At the front of the center electrode 3 is for example, by countersinking or drilling a depression trained so that there is an annular rim.
  • This Board is crimped over the noble metal sleeve 5, whereby a positive connection is achieved.
  • the precious metal sleeve 5 can also be welded to the center electrode 3.
  • the noble metal bushing 6 is thereby on the ring electrode 4 attached that the noble metal bushing 6 in the in the ring electrode 4 hole is inserted and pressed in and in such a way that the noble metal bushing 6 protrudes annularly over the ring electrode 4.
  • the protruding one Edge of the precious metal bushing 6 is crimped or riveted to to achieve a positive connection. Even the precious metal bushing 6 can also be welded to the ring electrode 4 his.
  • the ring electrode 4 is preferably bell-shaped bent at an angle ⁇ of 10 ° to 30 °. Through this weird Employing the ring electrode 4 is less metal surface Exposed to heat of combustion, so that the ring electrode 4 at Operation tends to lower glow ignitions.
  • the ring electrode 4 preferably star-shaped with three memory-like tines, the bell-shaped and bent at the ends of the Body 1 are welded.
  • the ring electrode 4 can with more be formed as three spoke-like teeth or only have two spokes, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • At the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 follows a bow-like ring electrode when bending the prongs. This The embodiment shown in Fig. 4 has the special one The advantage of better washing around the mixture and a reduction the quenching effect, e.g. prevention of flame spread.
  • Electrode ring tapers To expose less metal surface to the heat of combustion are also the memory-like spikes of the ring electrode 4 for Electrode ring tapers so that the cross section of the ring electrode 4 to the cold part of the body 1 is getting bigger and bigger optimal heat dissipation is guaranteed.
  • Electrode distance ZS formed with a gap Sp1 so that the Electrode spacing, i.e. the ignition gap ZS and the gap Sp1 between the insulator tip and the lower edge of the ring electrode 4 are designed at least in a ratio of 1: 1, and according to Use up the air spark gap ZS a spark as a combined Form glide and air spark between the gap Sp1 can.
  • Fig. 5 shows the work sequence of the manufacture of the center electrode 3 with a noble metal sleeve, in particular a platinum sleeve 5.
  • Fig. 5A shows the center electrode 3 on the ignition side End, for example, by turning, reducing or cold extrusion is rejuvenated.
  • the face of the center electrode 3 is with a recess 7, for example by sinking or Countersink drilling so that there is between the taper 8 and the recess 7 results in an annular rim 9.
  • the platinum sleeve 5 over the Center electrode 3 added, i.e. in particular pushed or pressed.
  • the platinum sleeve 5 with the Center electrode 3 by folding the board 9 form-safe assembled.
  • the platinum sleeve 5 with the center electrode 3 after folding additionally welded or soldered.
  • Fig. 6 shows the steps in the manufacture of the Ring electrode 4 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3.
  • the Outer and the inner contour of the ring electrode 4 in one piece a metal band e.g. a nickel band or a nickel alloy band made for example by stamping.
  • the ring electrode 4 curved bell-shaped.
  • the ring electrode 4 is reinforced with a noble metal bush 6.
  • the noble metal bushing 6 is in the bore 10 of the Ring electrode 3 pressed and then the protruding Ends of the precious metal bushing 6 flanged by a to achieve form-safe reinforcement, as shown in Fig. 6D is.
  • the connection between the noble metal bushing 6 and the ring electrode 4 can also be welded or soldered become.
  • the ring electrode 4 made of Inconel to a good connection between the platinum socket and the Inconel ring electrode to achieve.
  • the ring electrode 4 and / or the noble metal bush 6 can continue to be made from a two-material material, e.g. consists of nickel with a platinum coating. For cost reasons is then the carrier material nickel and is the erosion-resistant Platinum plating formed by surface plating. Thereby the consumption of high quality precious metal can be as low as keep possible.
  • the precious metal reinforcements by mechanical Attachment, for example, by flanging and pressing. Welding the precious metal reinforcements after assembly offers an additional backup. In this way the precious metal large area, so that no concentricity problems of the Arrangement of the precious metal occur.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show a special preferred embodiment of a method of attachment the ring electrode 4 described on the body 1.
  • a centering groove 11 for the Ring electrode 4 are provided concentrically in the body 1
  • Welding cams are formed on the ring electrode 4 and is then the ring electrode 4 with the welding cams in the center Arrangement in the centering groove 11 with the body 1 welded.
  • the central assembly of the ring electrode 4 thus achieved leads to a uniform electrode spacing and a uniform one Heat dissipation. In this way, two, three or four-pole spark plugs made of ring electrodes for 14 and 18 series Threads are manufactured.

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  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The spark plug has an electrically conducting body. A central electrode (3) protrudes from the body, and is insulated from it. An earth electrode (4) is electrically connected to the body, and is formed as a ring which forms an annular spark gap about the protruding part of the central electrode. The central electrode has a noble metal reinforcement on the surface bounding the spark gap, as has the earth electrode. The reinforcement of the earth electrode is a bush and on the central electrode is a sleeve. The ring electrode consists of nickel or a nickel alloy.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zündkerze für eine, insbesondere mit Gas befeuerte Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Eine derartige Zündkerze ist aus der Patent Abstracts of Japan, Vol.096, N° 011 & JP-A-08 171 976 bekannt.The invention relates to a spark plug for one, in particular gas-fired internal combustion engine according to the generic term of claim 1. Such a spark plug is from the Patent Abstracts of Japan, Vol.096, N ° 011 & JP-A-08 171 976.

Die Anforderungen an die Lebensdauer von Zündkerzen für Brennkraftmaschinen nehmen gegenwärtig erheblich zu, was insbesondere für Zündkerzen gilt, die bei stationär betriebenen, großvolumigen, hochverdichteten, mit Gas befeuerten Brennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt werden sollen. Zündkerzen für diesen Einsatzzweck sollen eine lange Laufzeit in der Größenordnung von wenigstens 5000 Stunden haben. Da derartige Brennkraftmaschinen mit hohem Druck arbeiten, muß besonderer Wert auf den Elektrodenabstand gelegt werden. Real werden Elektrodenabstände von 0,2 bis 0,3 mm nominell eingestellt, was bedeutet, daß bei einer Zündaussetzgrenze derartiger Brennkraftmaschinen von erfahrungsgemäß 0,5 bis 0,6 mm das potentielle Abbrandreservoir von 0,2 bis 0,3 mm schnell verbraucht ist und die Zündaussetzgrenze schnell erreicht ist. Die gegenwärtig verfügbaren Zündkerzen genügen der Forderung nach einer langen Lebensdauer nicht, was einen kostenintensiven Zündkerzenwechsel zur Folge hat.The requirements for the life of spark plugs for Internal combustion engines are currently increasing significantly, particularly applies to spark plugs that are used in stationary, large-volume, highly compressed, gas-fired internal combustion engines should be used. Spark plugs for this purpose are said to have a long term in the order of have at least 5000 hours. Because such internal combustion engines Working with high pressure must pay special attention to the electrode gap be placed. Real electrode distances of 0.2 nominally set to 0.3 mm, which means that with a Experience has shown that the ignition limit of such internal combustion engines 0.5 to 0.6 mm the potential burn-up reservoir of 0.2 up to 0.3 mm is quickly used up and the ignition limit is reached quickly. The spark plugs currently available what does not meet the demand for a long life results in an expensive spark plug change.

Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe besteht daher darin, eine Zündkerze nach dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 so auszubilden, daß sie eine längere Laufzeit hat.The object underlying the invention is therefore therein, a spark plug according to the preamble of the claim 1 trained so that it has a longer term.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die Ausbildung gelöst, die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 angegeben ist.This object is achieved according to the invention through training solved, which is specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze können aufgrund der Edelmetallarmierung kleine Zündspalte ausgebildet werden und kann der Elektrodenabstand sehr lange konstant gehalten werden. Es kann eine große Funkenaustrittsfläche vorgesehen sein, so daß die Erwartungen an die hohe Lebensdauer erfüllt werden können.In the spark plug according to the invention can due to the Precious metal armouring small ignition gaps are formed and the electrode distance can be kept constant for a very long time. A large spark outlet area can be provided so that the expectations regarding the long service life can be met.

Weiterhin ist es bei der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze möglich, die Funkenlage optimal auszubilden, das heißt, die Funkenstrecke möglichst weit in den Verbrennungsraum zu plazieren, um auch extrem magere Gemische aussetzerfrei zu entflammen.Furthermore, it is possible with the spark plug according to the invention to optimally develop the spark position, that is, the spark gap as far as possible in the combustion chamber in order to to ignite even extremely lean mixtures without interruptions.

Besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze sind Gegenstand der Patentansprüche 2 bis 4.Particularly preferred refinements and developments the spark plug according to the invention are the subject of the claims 2 to 4.

Im folgenden werden anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnung besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 in einer Schnittansicht die zündseitige Elektrodenkonfiguration eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze,
  • Fig. 2 in einer Schnittansicht die zündseitige Elektrodenkonfiguration eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindngsgemäßen Zündkerze,
  • Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf die Masseelektrode bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze,
  • Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf die Masseelektrode bei noch einem Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze,
  • Fig. 5 in perspektivischen Ansichten die Arbeitsschritte bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
  • Fig. 6 die verschiedenen Arbeitsschritte bei der Herstellung der Masseelektrode bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und
  • Fig. 7 und 8 in einer Teilschnittansicht und einer Draufsicht ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verfahrens zum Anbringen der Ringelektrode.
    • Particularly preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it
  • 1 is a sectional view of the ignition-side electrode configuration of an embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention,
  • 2 shows a sectional view of the ignition-side electrode configuration of a further exemplary embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention,
  • 3 shows a plan view of the ground electrode in one exemplary embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention,
  • 4 shows a plan view of the ground electrode in another embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention,
  • 5 is a perspective view of the steps in an embodiment of the method according to the invention,
  • Fig. 6 shows the various steps in the manufacture of the ground electrode in one embodiment of the method and
  • 7 and 8 in a partial sectional view and a plan view of an embodiment of a method for attaching the ring electrode.

    • Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze umfaßt einen metallischen Körper 1 mit Einschraubgewinde, in dem zentrisch ein keramischer Isolator 2 angeordnet ist. Wie es in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, handelt es sich dabei um eine Zündkerze mit vergezogener Funkenlage, bei der der Isolator 2 über den vorderen Rand des metallischen Körpers 1 hinaus in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine vorsteht. Im keramischen Isolator 2 ist mittig eine Mittelelektrode 3 vorgesehen, die zusammen mit einer Masseelektrode 4 einen Zündspalt ZS für die Ausbildung eines Zündfunkens bildet. Die Masseelektrode 4 ist elektrisch mit dem metallischen Körper 1 verbunden und in Form einer Ringelektrode ausgebildet, die den gesamten Umfang der Mittelelektrode 3 umschließt.The embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the invention Spark plug comprises a metallic body 1 Screw-in thread, in the center of which a ceramic insulator 2 is arranged. As shown in Fig. 1, it is a spark plug with a distorted spark position, at the insulator 2 over the front edge of the metallic body 1 also protrudes into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. A central electrode 3 is located in the center of the ceramic insulator 2 provided that together with a ground electrode 4 an ignition gap ZS forms for the formation of an ignition spark. The ground electrode 4 is electrically connected to the metallic body 1 and formed in the form of a ring electrode which the encloses the entire circumference of the center electrode 3.

    Um möglichst den kompletten zur Verfügung stehenden Abbrandvorrat an der Funkenstrecke zu nützen, ist diese zwischen der Mittelelektrode 3 und der Ringelektrode 4 ringförmig so ausgebildet, daß der gesamte Mantelbereich der Mittelelektrode 3 und die Innenfläche der Bohrung der Ringelektrode 4 als Funkenaustrittsfläche genutzt werden kann und als Abbrandreserve zur Verfügung steht. Die Lebensdauer der Zündkerze mit einer derartigen Funkenstreckenausbildung ist durch den Einsatz eines abbrandfesten Werkstoffes nämlich eines Edelmetalls wie Platin oder einer Platinlegierung erheblich erhöht. Wie es in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, ist dazu im gesamten Bereich der Funkenstrecke die potentiele Funkenaustrittsfläche mit dem Edelmetall ausgekleidet. Die Mittelelektrode 3 ist im zündseitigen Bereich, d.h. im Abschnitt der Funkenstrecke oder an der Fläche, die die Funkenstrecke begrenzt, mit einer Edelmetallarmierung in Form einer Edelmetallhülse 5 versehen. Die Ringelektrode 4 ist an ihrer Innenseite d.h. an der den Zündspalt begrenzenden Fläche mit einer Edelmetallbuchse 6 versehen. Die Edelmetallhülse 5 und die Edelmetallbuchse 6 bestehen insbesondere aus Platin oder einer Platinlegierung.To the fullest possible available stock of burn-up to use the spark gap, this is between the center electrode 3 and the ring electrode 4 ring-shaped formed that the entire jacket area of the center electrode 3 and the inner surface of the bore of the ring electrode 4 as a spark outlet surface can be used and as a burn-up reserve is available. The life of the spark plug with one such spark gap training is through the use of a erosion-resistant material namely a precious metal such as platinum or a platinum alloy significantly increased. As in Fig. 1 is shown for this purpose in the entire area of the spark gap the potential spark outlet surface is lined with the precious metal. The center electrode 3 is in the area on the ignition side, i.e. in the section of the spark gap or on the area that the spark gap limited, with a precious metal reinforcement in the form of a Precious metal sleeve 5 provided. The ring electrode 4 is on the inside i.e. on the surface delimiting the ignition gap with a Precious metal socket 6 provided. The precious metal sleeve 5 and the precious metal bushing 6 consist in particular of platinum or a platinum alloy.

    Die Ringelektrode 4 ist formgebogen und unter einem Winkel α mit dem Körper 1 verbunden.The ring electrode 4 is bent and at an angle α connected to the body 1.

    Zum Anbringen der Edelmetallhülse 5 an der Mittelelektrode 3 ist am zündseitigen Ende der Mittelelektrode 3 eine Verjüngung vorgesehen, auf die die Edelmetallhülse 5 aufgeschoben oder aufgepresst ist. An der Stirnseite der Mittelelektrode 3 ist beispielsweise durch eine Ansenkung oder Bohrung eine Vertiefung ausgebildet, so daß sich ein ringförmiger Bord ergibt. Dieser Bord wird über die Edelmetallhülse 5 gebördelt, wodurch eine formschlüssige Verbindung erzielt wird. Die Edelmetallhülse 5 kann mit der Mittelelektrode 3 darüber hinaus verschweißt sein.For attaching the noble metal sleeve 5 to the center electrode 3 is a taper at the ignition end of the center electrode 3 provided, on which the precious metal sleeve 5 is pushed or is pressed on. At the front of the center electrode 3 is for example, by countersinking or drilling a depression trained so that there is an annular rim. This Board is crimped over the noble metal sleeve 5, whereby a positive connection is achieved. The precious metal sleeve 5 can also be welded to the center electrode 3.

    Die Edelmetallbuchse 6 wird an der Ringelektrode 4 dadurch angebracht, daß die Edelmetallbuchse 6 in die in der Ringelektrode 4 befindliche Bohrung eingeführt und eingepresst wird und zwar derart, daß am zündseitigen Ende die Edelmetallbuchse 6 ringförmig über die Ringelektrode 4 übersteht. Der überstehende Rand der Edelmetallbuchse 6 wird gebördelt oder genietet, um eine formschlüssige Verbindung zu erzielen. Auch die Edelmetallbuchse 6 kann zusätzlich mit der Ringelektrode 4 verschweißt sein.The noble metal bushing 6 is thereby on the ring electrode 4 attached that the noble metal bushing 6 in the in the ring electrode 4 hole is inserted and pressed in and in such a way that the noble metal bushing 6 protrudes annularly over the ring electrode 4. The protruding one Edge of the precious metal bushing 6 is crimped or riveted to to achieve a positive connection. Even the precious metal bushing 6 can also be welded to the ring electrode 4 his.

    Die Ringelektrode 4 ist vorzugsweise glockenförmig mit einem Winkel α von 10° bis 30° angebogen. Durch diese schräge Anstellung der Ringelektrode 4 wird weniger Metalloberfläche der Verbrennungswärme ausgesetzt, so daß die Ringelektrode 4 beim Betrieb zu geringeren Glühzündungen neigt. The ring electrode 4 is preferably bell-shaped bent at an angle α of 10 ° to 30 °. Through this weird Employing the ring electrode 4 is less metal surface Exposed to heat of combustion, so that the ring electrode 4 at Operation tends to lower glow ignitions.

    Wie es in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist, ist die Ringelektrode 4 vorzugsweise sternförmig mit drei speicherartigen Zacken ausgebildet, die glockenförmig umgebogen und an ihren Enden an den Körper 1 angeschweißt sind. Die Ringelektrode 4 kann mit mehr als drei speichenartigen Zacken ausgebildet sein oder auch nur zwei Speichen aufweisen, wie es in Fig. 4 dargestellt ist. Bei dem in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ergibt sich nach dem Umbiegen der Zacken eine bügelartige Ringelektrode. Dieses in Fig. 4 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel hat den besonderen Vorteil einer besseren Umspülung des Gemisches und einer Minderung des Quenching-Effektes, z.B. einer Verhinderung der Flammausbreitung.As shown in FIG. 3, the ring electrode 4 preferably star-shaped with three memory-like tines, the bell-shaped and bent at the ends of the Body 1 are welded. The ring electrode 4 can with more be formed as three spoke-like teeth or only have two spokes, as shown in Fig. 4. At the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 follows a bow-like ring electrode when bending the prongs. This The embodiment shown in Fig. 4 has the special one The advantage of better washing around the mixture and a reduction the quenching effect, e.g. prevention of flame spread.

    Um weniger Metalloberfläche der Verbrennungswärme auszusetzen sind auch die speicherartigen Zacken der Ringelektrode 4 zum Elektrodenring hin verjüngt, so daß der Querschnitt der Ringelektrode 4 zum kalten Teil des Körpers 1 immer größer wird und eine optimale Wärmeableitung garantiert ist.To expose less metal surface to the heat of combustion are also the memory-like spikes of the ring electrode 4 for Electrode ring tapers so that the cross section of the ring electrode 4 to the cold part of the body 1 is getting bigger and bigger optimal heat dissipation is guaranteed.

    Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Elektrodenabstand ZS mit einen Spalt Sp1 so ausgebildet, daß der Elektrodenabstand, d.h. der Zündspalt ZS und der Spalt Sp1 zwischen der Isolatorfußspitze und der Unterkante der Ringelektrode 4 mindestens im Verhältnis 1:1 ausgelegt sind, und nach dem Aufbrauchen der Luftfunkenstrecke ZS sich ein Funke als kombinierter Gleit- und Luftfunke zwischen dem Spalt Sp1 ausbilden kann.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 is the Electrode distance ZS formed with a gap Sp1 so that the Electrode spacing, i.e. the ignition gap ZS and the gap Sp1 between the insulator tip and the lower edge of the ring electrode 4 are designed at least in a ratio of 1: 1, and according to Use up the air spark gap ZS a spark as a combined Form glide and air spark between the gap Sp1 can.

    Fig. 5 zeigt die Arbeitsfolge der Herstellung der Mittelelektrode 3 mit einer Edelmetallhülse, insbesondere einer Platinhülse 5. Fig. 5A zeigt die Mittelelektrode 3, die am zündseitigen Ende beispielsweise durch Drehen, Anreduzieren oder Kaltfliespressen verjüngt ist. Die Stirnseite der Mittelelektrode 3 ist mit einer Vertiefung 7 beispielsweise durch Versenken oder Versenkbohren ausgebildet, so daß sich zwischen der Verjüngung 8 und der Vertiefung 7 ein ringförmiger Bord 9 ergibt. Wie es in Fig. 5B dargestellt ist, wird danach die Platinhülse 5 über die Mittelelektrode 3 gefügt, d.h. insbesondere geschoben oder gepreßt. Anschließend wird gemäß Fig. 5C die Platinhülse 5 mit der Mittelelektrode 3 durch Umlegen des Bordes 9 formsicher montiert. In dem in Fig. 5D dargestellten Arbeitsschritt wird die Platinhülse 5 mit der Mittelelektrode 3 nach dem Umlegen zusätzlich verschweißt oder verlötet.Fig. 5 shows the work sequence of the manufacture of the center electrode 3 with a noble metal sleeve, in particular a platinum sleeve 5. Fig. 5A shows the center electrode 3 on the ignition side End, for example, by turning, reducing or cold extrusion is rejuvenated. The face of the center electrode 3 is with a recess 7, for example by sinking or Countersink drilling so that there is between the taper 8 and the recess 7 results in an annular rim 9. Like it in Fig. 5B is shown, then the platinum sleeve 5 over the Center electrode 3 added, i.e. in particular pushed or pressed. Subsequently, the platinum sleeve 5 with the Center electrode 3 by folding the board 9 form-safe assembled. In the work step shown in Fig. 5D the platinum sleeve 5 with the center electrode 3 after folding additionally welded or soldered.

    Fig. 6 zeigt die Arbeitsschritte bei der Herstellung der Ringelektrode 4 bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel.Fig. 6 shows the steps in the manufacture of the Ring electrode 4 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3.

    In dem in Fig. 6A dargestellten Arbeitsschritt werden die Außen- und die Innenkontur der Ringelektrode 4 einstückig aus einem Metallband z.B. einem Nickelband oder einem Nickellegierungsband beispielsweise durch Stanzen hergestellt. In dem in Fig. 6B dargestellten Arbeitsschritt wird die Ringelektrode 4 glockenförmig gebogen. Anschließend wird im Arbeitsschritt gemäß Fig. 6C die Ringelektrode 4 mit einer Edelmetallbuchse 6 armiert. Dabei wird die Edelmetallbuchse 6 in die Bohrung 10 der Ringelektrode 3 gedrückt und werden anschließend die überstehenden Enden der Edelmetallbuchse 6 durch Bördeln umgelegt, um eine formsichere Armierung zu erreichen, wie es in Fig. 6D dargestellt ist. Die Verbindung zwischen der Edelmetallbuchse 6 und der Ringelektrode 4 kann zusätzlich geschweißt oder gelötet werden.In the step shown in Fig. 6A, the Outer and the inner contour of the ring electrode 4 in one piece a metal band e.g. a nickel band or a nickel alloy band made for example by stamping. In the in 6B, the ring electrode 4 curved bell-shaped. Then in the work step according to 6C, the ring electrode 4 is reinforced with a noble metal bush 6. The noble metal bushing 6 is in the bore 10 of the Ring electrode 3 pressed and then the protruding Ends of the precious metal bushing 6 flanged by a to achieve form-safe reinforcement, as shown in Fig. 6D is. The connection between the noble metal bushing 6 and the ring electrode 4 can also be welded or soldered become.

    Wenn als Edelmetallbuchse 6 eine Platinbuchse vorgesehen wird, dann wird die Ringelelektrode 4 aus Inconel gefertigt, um eine gute Verbindung zwischen der Platinbuchse und der Inconelringelektrode zu erzielen.If a platinum bushing is provided as the noble metal bushing 6 is then the ring electrode 4 made of Inconel to a good connection between the platinum socket and the Inconel ring electrode to achieve.

    Die Ringelektrode 4 und/oder die Edelmetallbuchse 6 können weiterhin aus einem Zweistoffmaterial gefertigt werden, das z.B. aus Nickel mit einer Platinauflage besteht. Aus Kostengründen ist dann das Trägermaterial Nickel und ist die abbrandfeste Platinauflage durch Oberflächenplattierung ausgebildet. Dadurch läßt sich der Verbrauch an hochwertigem Edelmetall so gering wie möglich halten. The ring electrode 4 and / or the noble metal bush 6 can continue to be made from a two-material material, e.g. consists of nickel with a platinum coating. For cost reasons is then the carrier material nickel and is the erosion-resistant Platinum plating formed by surface plating. Thereby the consumption of high quality precious metal can be as low as keep possible.

    Bei der Herstellung der Ringelektrode 4 und der Mittelelektrode 3 werden somit die Edelmetallarmierungen durch mechanische Befestigung beispielsweise durch Bördeln und Pressen angebracht. Ein Schweißen der Edelmetallarmierungen nach der Montage bietet eine zusätzliche Sicherung. In dieser Weise wird das Edelmetall großflächig angebracht, so daß keine Konzentrizitätsprobleme der Anordnung des Edelmetalls auftreten.In the manufacture of the ring electrode 4 and the center electrode 3 are the precious metal reinforcements by mechanical Attachment, for example, by flanging and pressing. Welding the precious metal reinforcements after assembly offers an additional backup. In this way the precious metal large area, so that no concentricity problems of the Arrangement of the precious metal occur.

    Im folgenden wird anhand der Figuren 7 und 8 ein besonders bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verfahrens der Anbringung der Ringelektrode 4 am Körper 1 beschrieben.In the following, FIGS. 7 and 8 show a special preferred embodiment of a method of attachment the ring electrode 4 described on the body 1.

    Es kommt vor, daß der Elektrodenabstand wegen mangelnder Zentrizität der Ringelektrode 4 ungleichmäßig ist und daß unterschiedliche Wandstärken der Ringelektrode 4 zu einer schlechteren Wärmeableitung führen. Wenn die Ringelektrode 4 nicht zentrisch auf den Metallkörper 1 aufgeschweißt ist, muß sie nachgestanzt werden und innen und außen entgratet werden.It happens that the electrode gap due to insufficient Centricity of the ring electrode 4 is uneven and that different Wall thicknesses of the ring electrode 4 to one lead to poorer heat dissipation. If the ring electrode 4 is not welded centrally to the metal body 1, must they are punched out and deburred inside and out.

    Um diese Probleme zu beseitigen, wird bei dem in Fig. 7 und 8 dargestellten Verfahren eine Zentrierungsrille 11 für die Ringelektrode 4 konzentrisch im Körper 1 vorgesehen, werden Schweißnocken an der Ringelektrode 4 angeformt und wird anschließend die Ringelektrode 4 mit den Schweißnocken in zentrischer Anordnung in der Zentrierungsrille 11 mit dem Körper 1 verschweißt.To eliminate these problems, the one in Figs 8 shown a centering groove 11 for the Ring electrode 4 are provided concentrically in the body 1 Welding cams are formed on the ring electrode 4 and is then the ring electrode 4 with the welding cams in the center Arrangement in the centering groove 11 with the body 1 welded.

    Bei einer derartigen Ausbildung ist eine einfache Zentrierung der Ringelektrode 4 in der konzentrisch ausgebildeten Zentrierungsrille 11 am Körper 1 möglich. Die Ringelektrode 4 kann daher vorher fertig ausgestanzt werden, ein Nachstanzen der Bohrung im am Körper 1 bereits angebrachten Zustand entfällt. Gleichfalls erübrigt sich ein Entgraten der Schweißstelle, da das Material in die Zentrierungsrille 11 fließt.With such a design is a simple centering the ring electrode 4 in the concentrically formed centering groove 11 possible on body 1. The ring electrode 4 can therefore be punched out beforehand, a re-punching of the Drilling in the state already attached to body 1 is omitted. There is also no need to deburr the weld, since the material flows into the centering groove 11.

    Die somit erzielte zentrische Montage der Ringelektrode 4 führt zu einem gleichmäßigen Elektrodenabstand und einer gleichmäßigen Wärmeabführung. Es können in dieser Weise zwei-, dreioder vierpolige Zündkerzen aus Ringelektroden für 14er und 18er Gewinde gefertigt werden.The central assembly of the ring electrode 4 thus achieved leads to a uniform electrode spacing and a uniform one Heat dissipation. In this way, two, three or four-pole spark plugs made of ring electrodes for 14 and 18 series Threads are manufactured.

    Claims (4)

    1. Spark plug for an internal combustion engine fuelled especially with gas, having
      an electrically conductive spark plug body,
      a central electrode which is arranged in the spark plug body and is insulated electrically therefrom and which projects from the spark plug body,
      an earth electrode which is connected electrically to the spark plug body and is in the form of an annular electrode which surrounds the projecting portion of the central electrode with an annular spark gap formed therebetween,
      a first noble metal sleeve which is provided on the outer surface of the central electrode, which outer surface delimits the spark gap, and
      a second noble metal bush which is provided on the annular face of the annular electrode, which annular face delimits the spark gap,
      characterised in that the first noble metal sleeve (5) is pushed onto the central electrode (3) and is secured to the central electrode (3) by flanging an edge, which is formed on the end face of the central electrode (3) and which projects beyond the first noble metal sleeve (5), over the first noble metal sleeve (5), and the second noble metal bush (6) is inserted into a drilled hole in the annular electrode (4) and is secured to the annular electrode (4) by being flanged over the annular electrode (4) by an edge projecting beyond the annular electrode (4).
    2. Spark plug according to claim 1, characterised in that the first noble metal sleeve (5) is additionally welded to the central electrode (3).
    3. Spark plug according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the second noble metal bush (6) is additionally welded to the annular electrode (4).
    4. Spark plug according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the first noble metal sleeve (5) is pushed under pressure onto the central electrode (3) and in that the second noble metal bush (6) is inserted under pressure into the drilled hole of the annular electrode (4).
    EP98102016A 1997-02-12 1998-02-05 Spark plug for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0859436B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19705372A DE19705372C2 (en) 1997-02-12 1997-02-12 Spark plug for an internal combustion engine
    DE19705372 1997-02-12

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0859436A1 EP0859436A1 (en) 1998-08-19
    EP0859436B1 true EP0859436B1 (en) 2000-07-19

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    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP98102016A Expired - Lifetime EP0859436B1 (en) 1997-02-12 1998-02-05 Spark plug for an internal combustion engine

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    US (1) US6064144A (en)
    EP (1) EP0859436B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE194886T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19705372C2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2149621T3 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE19705372A1 (en) 1998-08-20
    US6064144A (en) 2000-05-16
    EP0859436A1 (en) 1998-08-19
    ES2149621T3 (en) 2000-11-01
    ATE194886T1 (en) 2000-08-15
    DE59800197D1 (en) 2000-08-24
    DE19705372C2 (en) 2002-06-27

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