EP0859436A1 - Spark plug for internal combustion engine and method of making it - Google Patents

Spark plug for internal combustion engine and method of making it Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0859436A1
EP0859436A1 EP98102016A EP98102016A EP0859436A1 EP 0859436 A1 EP0859436 A1 EP 0859436A1 EP 98102016 A EP98102016 A EP 98102016A EP 98102016 A EP98102016 A EP 98102016A EP 0859436 A1 EP0859436 A1 EP 0859436A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark plug
electrode
plug according
spark
precious metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98102016A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0859436B1 (en
Inventor
Harald Knoll
Erwin Schneck
Werner Niessner
Dirk Von Hacht
Heinz Ambacher
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BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
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Beru AG
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Publication of EP0859436A1 publication Critical patent/EP0859436A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H01T13/467—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in parallel connection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark plug for one, in particular gas-fired internal combustion engine according to the generic term of claim 1.
  • a spark plug is from the WO91 / 06142 known.
  • spark plugs for Internal combustion engines are currently increasing significantly, particularly applies to spark plugs that are used in stationary, large-volume, high-pressure, gas-fired internal combustion engines should be used. Spark plugs for this purpose are said to have a long term in the order of have at least 5000 hours. Because such internal combustion engines Working with high pressure must pay special attention to the electrode gap be placed. Real electrode distances of 0.2 nominally set to 0.3 mm, which means that with a Experience has shown that the ignition limit of such internal combustion engines 0.5 to 0.6 mm the potential burn-up reservoir of 0.2 up to 0.3 mm is quickly used up and the ignition limit is reached quickly.
  • the spark plugs currently available what does not meet the demand for a long life results in an expensive spark plug change.
  • the object underlying the invention is therefore therein, a spark plug according to the preamble of the claim 1 trained so that it has a longer term.
  • spark plug according to the invention can due to the Precious metal armouring small ignition gaps are formed and the electrode distance can be kept constant for a very long time.
  • a large spark outlet area can be provided so that the expectations regarding the long service life can be met.
  • the spark plug according to the invention can optimally develop the spark position, that is, the spark gap as far as possible in the combustion chamber in order to to ignite even extremely lean mixtures without interruptions.
  • the invention further relates to a method for Manufacture of the spark plug according to the invention, the subject of Claim 16 is.
  • Spark plug comprises a metallic body 1 Screw-in thread, in the center of which a ceramic insulator 2 is arranged. As shown in Fig. 1, it is a spark plug with a distorted spark position, at the insulator 2 over the front edge of the metallic body 1 also protrudes into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • a central electrode 3 is located in the center of the ceramic insulator 2 provided that together with a ground electrode 4 an ignition gap ZS forms for the formation of an ignition spark.
  • the ground electrode 4 is electrically connected to the metallic body 1 and formed in the form of a ring electrode which the encloses the entire circumference of the center electrode 3.
  • this is between the center electrode 3 and the ring electrode 4 ring-shaped formed that the entire jacket area of the center electrode 3 and the inner surface of the bore of the ring electrode 4 as a spark outlet surface can be used and as a burn-up reserve is available.
  • the life of the spark plug with one such spark gap training is through the use of a erosion-resistant material namely a precious metal such as platinum or a platinum alloy significantly increased.
  • a erosion-resistant material namely a precious metal such as platinum or a platinum alloy significantly increased.
  • Fig. 1 is shown for this purpose in the entire area of the spark gap the potential spark outlet surface is lined with the precious metal.
  • the center electrode 3 is in the area on the ignition side, i.e.
  • the ring electrode 4 is on the inside i.e. on the surface delimiting the ignition gap with a Precious metal socket 6 provided.
  • the precious metal sleeve 5 and the precious metal bushing 6 consist in particular of platinum or a platinum alloy.
  • the ring electrode 4 is bent and at an angle ⁇ connected to the body 1.
  • a taper at the ignition end of the center electrode 3 provided, on which the precious metal sleeve 5 is pushed or is pressed on.
  • At the front of the center electrode 3 is for example, by countersinking or drilling a depression trained so that there is an annular rim.
  • This Board is crimped over the noble metal sleeve 5, whereby a positive connection is achieved.
  • the precious metal sleeve 5 can also be welded to the center electrode 3.
  • the noble metal bushing 6 is thereby on the ring electrode 4 attached that the noble metal bushing 6 in the in the ring electrode 4 hole is inserted and pressed in and in such a way that the noble metal bushing 6 protrudes annularly over the ring electrode 4.
  • the protruding one Edge of the precious metal bushing 6 is crimped or riveted to to achieve a positive connection. Even the precious metal bushing 6 can also be welded to the ring electrode 4 be.
  • the ring electrode 4 is preferably bell-shaped bent at an angle ⁇ of 10 ° to 30 °. Through this weird Employing the ring electrode 4 is less metal surface Exposed to heat of combustion, so that the ring electrode 4 at Operation tends to lower glow ignitions.
  • the ring electrode 4 preferably star-shaped with three memory-like tines, the bell-shaped and bent at the ends of the Body 1 are welded.
  • the ring electrode 4 can with more be formed as three spoke-like teeth or only have two spokes, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • At the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 follows a bow-like ring electrode when bending the prongs. This The embodiment shown in Fig. 4 has the special one The advantage of better washing around the mixture and a reduction the quenching effect, e.g. prevention of flame spread.
  • Electrode ring tapers To expose less metal surface to the heat of combustion are also the memory-like spikes of the ring electrode 4 for Electrode ring tapers so that the cross section of the ring electrode 4 to the cold part of the body 1 is getting bigger and bigger optimal heat dissipation is guaranteed.
  • Electrode distance ZS formed with a gap Sp1 so that the Electrode spacing, i.e. the ignition gap ZS and the gap Sp1 between the insulator tip and the lower edge of the ring electrode 4 are designed at least in a ratio of 1: 1, and according to Use up the air spark gap ZS a spark as a combined Form glide and air spark between the gap Sp1 can.
  • Fig. 5 shows the work sequence of the manufacture of the center electrode 3 with a noble metal sleeve, in particular a platinum sleeve 5.
  • Fig. 5A shows the center electrode 3 on the ignition side End, for example, by turning, reducing or cold extrusion is rejuvenated.
  • the face of the center electrode 3 is with a recess 7, for example by sinking or Countersink drilling so that there is between the taper 8 and the recess 7 results in an annular rim 9.
  • the platinum sleeve 5 over the Center electrode 3 added, i.e. in particular pushed or pressed.
  • the platinum sleeve 5 with the Center electrode 3 by folding the board 9 form-safe assembled.
  • the platinum sleeve 5 with the center electrode 3 after folding additionally welded or soldered.
  • Fig. 6 shows the steps in the manufacture of the Ring electrode 4 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3.
  • the Outer and the inner contour of the ring electrode 4 in one piece a metal band e.g. a nickel band or a nickel alloy band made for example by stamping.
  • the ring electrode 4 curved bell-shaped.
  • the ring electrode 4 is reinforced with a noble metal bush 6.
  • the noble metal bushing 6 is in the bore 10 of the Ring electrode 3 pressed and then the protruding Ends of the precious metal bushing 6 flanged by a to achieve form-safe reinforcement, as shown in Fig. 6D is.
  • the connection between the noble metal bushing 6 and the ring electrode 4 can also be welded or soldered will.
  • the ring electrode 4 made of Inconel to a good connection between the platinum socket and the Inconel ring electrode to achieve.
  • the ring electrode 4 and / or the noble metal bush 6 can continue to be made from a two-material material, e.g. consists of nickel with a platinum coating. For cost reasons is then the carrier material nickel and is the erosion-resistant Platinum plating formed by surface plating. Thereby the consumption of high quality precious metal can be as low as keep possible.
  • the precious metal reinforcements by mechanical Attachment, for example, by flanging and pressing. Welding the precious metal reinforcements after assembly offers an additional backup. In this way the precious metal large area, so that no concentricity problems of the Arrangement of the precious metal occur.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show a special preferred embodiment of a method of attachment the ring electrode 4 described on the body 1.
  • a centering groove 11 for the Ring electrode 4 are provided concentrically in the body 1
  • Welding cams are formed on the ring electrode 4 and is then the ring electrode 4 with the welding cams in the center Arrangement in the centering groove 11 with the body 1 welded.
  • the central assembly of the ring electrode 4 thus achieved leads to a uniform electrode spacing and a uniform one Heat dissipation. In this way two, three or four-pole spark plugs made of ring electrodes for 14 and 18 series Threads are manufactured.

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  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The spark plug has an electrically conducting body. A central electrode (3) protrudes from the body, and is insulated from it. An earth electrode (4) is electrically connected to the body, and is formed as a ring which forms an annular spark gap about the protruding part of the central electrode. The central electrode has a noble metal reinforcement on the surface bounding the spark gap, as has the earth electrode. The reinforcement of the earth electrode is a bush and on the central electrode is a sleeve. The ring electrode consists of nickel or a nickel alloy.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zündkerze für eine, insbesondere mit Gas befeuerte Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Eine derartige Zündkerze ist aus der WO91/06142 bekannt.The invention relates to a spark plug for one, in particular gas-fired internal combustion engine according to the generic term of claim 1. Such a spark plug is from the WO91 / 06142 known.

Die Anforderungen an die Lebensdauer von Zündkerzen für Brennkraftmaschinen nehmen gegenwärtig erheblich zu, was insbesondere für Zündkerzen gilt, die bei stationär betriebenen, großvolumigen, hoshverdichteten, mit Gas befeuerten Brennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt werden sollen. Zündkerzen für diesen Einsatzzweck sollen eine lange Laufzeit in der Größenordnung von wenigstens 5000 Stunden haben. Da derartige Brennkraftmaschinen mit hohem Druck arbeiten, muß besonderer Wert auf den Elektrodenabstand gelegt werden. Real werden Elektrodenabstände von 0,2 bis 0,3 mm nominell eingestellt, was bedeutet, daß bei einer Zündaussetzgrenze derartiger Brennkraftmaschinen von erfahrungsgemäß 0,5 bis 0,6 mm das potentielle Abbrandreservoir von 0,2 bis 0,3 mm schnell verbraucht ist und die Zündaussetzgrenze schnell erreicht ist. Die gegenwärtig verfügbaren Zündkerzen genügen der Forderung nach einer langen Lebensdauer nicht, was einen kostenintensiven Zündkerzenwechsel zur Folge hat.The requirements for the life of spark plugs for Internal combustion engines are currently increasing significantly, particularly applies to spark plugs that are used in stationary, large-volume, high-pressure, gas-fired internal combustion engines should be used. Spark plugs for this purpose are said to have a long term in the order of have at least 5000 hours. Because such internal combustion engines Working with high pressure must pay special attention to the electrode gap be placed. Real electrode distances of 0.2 nominally set to 0.3 mm, which means that with a Experience has shown that the ignition limit of such internal combustion engines 0.5 to 0.6 mm the potential burn-up reservoir of 0.2 up to 0.3 mm is quickly used up and the ignition limit is reached quickly. The spark plugs currently available what does not meet the demand for a long life results in an expensive spark plug change.

Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe besteht daher darin, eine Zündkerze nach dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 so auszubilden, daß sie eine längere Laufzeit hat.The object underlying the invention is therefore therein, a spark plug according to the preamble of the claim 1 trained so that it has a longer term.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die Ausbildung gelöst, die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 angegeben ist.This object is achieved according to the invention through training solved, which is specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze können aufgrund der Edelmetallarmierung kleine Zündspalte ausgebildet werden und kann der Elektrodenabstand sehr lange konstant gehalten werden. Es kann eine große Funkenaustrittsfläche vorgesehen sein, so daß die Erwartungen an die hohe Lebensdauer erfüllt werden können.In the spark plug according to the invention can due to the Precious metal armouring small ignition gaps are formed and the electrode distance can be kept constant for a very long time. A large spark outlet area can be provided so that the expectations regarding the long service life can be met.

Weiterhin ist es bei der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze möglich, die Funkenlage optimal auszubilden, das heißt, die Funkenstrecke möglichst weit in den Verbrennungsraum zu plazieren, um auch extrem magere Gemische aussetzerfrei zu entflammen.Furthermore, it is possible with the spark plug according to the invention to optimally develop the spark position, that is, the spark gap as far as possible in the combustion chamber in order to to ignite even extremely lean mixtures without interruptions.

Besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze sind Gegenstand der Patentansprüche 2 bis 15.Particularly preferred refinements and developments the spark plug according to the invention are the subject of the claims 2 to 15.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist weiterhin ein Verfahren zum Herstellen der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze, das Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 16 ist.The invention further relates to a method for Manufacture of the spark plug according to the invention, the subject of Claim 16 is.

Im folgenden werden anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnung besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 in einer Schnittansicht die zündseitige Elektrodenkonfiguration eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze,
  • Fig. 2 in einer Schnittansicht die zündseitige Elektrodenkonfiguration eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindngsgemäßen Zündkerze,
  • Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf die Masseelektrode bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze,
  • Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf die Masseelektrode bei noch einem Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze,
  • Fig. 5 in perspektivischen Ansichten die Arbeitsschritte bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
  • Fig. 6 die verschiedenen Arbeitsschritte bei der Herstellung der Masseelektrode bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und
  • Fig. 7 und 8 in einer Teilschnittansicht und einer Draufsicht ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verfahrens zum Anbringen der Ringelektrode.
    • Particularly preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it
  • 1 is a sectional view of the ignition-side electrode configuration of an embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention,
  • 2 shows a sectional view of the ignition-side electrode configuration of a further exemplary embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention,
  • 3 shows a plan view of the ground electrode in one exemplary embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention,
  • 4 is a plan view of the ground electrode in another embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention,
  • 5 is a perspective view of the steps in an embodiment of the method according to the invention,
  • Fig. 6 shows the various steps in the manufacture of the ground electrode in one embodiment of the method and
  • 7 and 8 in a partial sectional view and a plan view of an embodiment of a method for attaching the ring electrode.

    • Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze umfaßt einen metallischen Körper 1 mit Einschraubgewinde, in dem zentrisch ein keramischer Isolator 2 angeordnet ist. Wie es in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, handelt es sich dabei um eine Zündkerze mit vergezogener Funkenlage, bei der der Isolator 2 über den vorderen Rand des metallischen Körpers 1 hinaus in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine vorsteht. Im keramischen Isolator 2 ist mittig eine Mittelelektrode 3 vorgesehen, die zusammen mit einer Masseelektrode 4 einen Zündspalt ZS für die Ausbildung eines Zündfunkens bildet. Die Masseelektrode 4 ist elektrisch mit dem metallischen Körper 1 verbunden und in Form einer Ringelektrode ausgebildet, die den gesamten Umfang der Mittelelektrode 3 umschließt.The embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the invention Spark plug comprises a metallic body 1 Screw-in thread, in the center of which a ceramic insulator 2 is arranged. As shown in Fig. 1, it is a spark plug with a distorted spark position, at the insulator 2 over the front edge of the metallic body 1 also protrudes into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. A central electrode 3 is located in the center of the ceramic insulator 2 provided that together with a ground electrode 4 an ignition gap ZS forms for the formation of an ignition spark. The ground electrode 4 is electrically connected to the metallic body 1 and formed in the form of a ring electrode which the encloses the entire circumference of the center electrode 3.

    Um möglichst den kompletten zur Verfügung stehenden Abbrandvorrat an der Funkenstrecke zu nützen, ist diese zwischen der Mittelelektrode 3 und der Ringelektrode 4 ringförmig so ausgebildet, daß der gesamte Mantelbereich der Mittelelektrode 3 und die Innenfläche der Bohrung der Ringelektrode 4 als Funkenaustrittsfläche genutzt werden kann und als Abbrandreserve zur Verfügung steht. Die Lebensdauer der Zündkerze mit einer derartigen Funkenstreckenausbildung ist durch den Einsatz eines abbrandfesten Werkstoffes nämlich eines Edelmetalls wie Platin oder einer Platinlegierung erheblich erhöht. Wie es in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, ist dazu im gesamten Bereich der Funkenstrecke die potentiele Funkenaustrittsfläche mit dem Edelmetall ausgekleidet. Die Mittelelektrode 3 ist im zündseitigen Bereich, d.h. im Abschnitt der Funkenstrecke oder an der Fläche, die die Funkenstrecke begrenzt, mit einer Edelmetallarmierung in Form einer Edelmetallhülse 5 versehen. Die Ringelektrode 4 ist an ihrer Innenseite d.h. an der den Zündspalt begrenzenden Fläche mit einer Edelmetallbuchse 6 versehen. Die Edelmetallhülse 5 und die Edelmetallbuchse 6 bestehen insbesondere aus Platin oder einer Platinlegierung.To the fullest possible available stock of burn-up to use the spark gap, this is between the center electrode 3 and the ring electrode 4 ring-shaped formed that the entire jacket area of the center electrode 3 and the inner surface of the bore of the ring electrode 4 as a spark outlet surface can be used and as a burn-up reserve is available. The life of the spark plug with one such spark gap training is through the use of a erosion-resistant material namely a precious metal such as platinum or a platinum alloy significantly increased. As in Fig. 1 is shown for this purpose in the entire area of the spark gap the potential spark outlet surface is lined with the precious metal. The center electrode 3 is in the area on the ignition side, i.e. in the section of the spark gap or on the area that the spark gap limited, with a precious metal reinforcement in the form of a Precious metal sleeve 5 provided. The ring electrode 4 is on the inside i.e. on the surface delimiting the ignition gap with a Precious metal socket 6 provided. The precious metal sleeve 5 and the precious metal bushing 6 consist in particular of platinum or a platinum alloy.

    Die Ringelektrode 4 ist formgebogen und unter einem Winkel α mit dem Körper 1 verbunden.The ring electrode 4 is bent and at an angle α connected to the body 1.

    Zum Anbringen der Edelmetallhülse 5 an der Mittelelektrode 3 ist am zündseitigen Ende der Mittelelektrode 3 eine Verjüngung vorgesehen, auf die die Edelmetallhülse 5 aufgeschoben oder aufgepresst ist. An der Stirnseite der Mittelelektrode 3 ist beispielsweise durch eine Ansenkung oder Bohrung eine Vertiefung ausgebildet, so daß sich ein ringförmiger Bord ergibt. Dieser Bord wird über die Edelmetallhülse 5 gebördelt, wodurch eine formschlüssige Verbindung erzielt wird. Die Edelmetallhülse 5 kann mit der Mittelelektrode 3 darüber hinaus verschweißt sein.For attaching the noble metal sleeve 5 to the center electrode 3 is a taper at the ignition end of the center electrode 3 provided, on which the precious metal sleeve 5 is pushed or is pressed on. At the front of the center electrode 3 is for example, by countersinking or drilling a depression trained so that there is an annular rim. This Board is crimped over the noble metal sleeve 5, whereby a positive connection is achieved. The precious metal sleeve 5 can also be welded to the center electrode 3.

    Die Edelmetallbuchse 6 wird an der Ringelektrode 4 dadurch angebracht, daß die Edelmetallbuchse 6 in die in der Ringelektrode 4 befindliche Bohrung eingeführt und eingepresst wird und zwar derart, daß am zündseitigen Ende die Edelmetallbuchse 6 ringförmig über die Ringelektrode 4 übersteht. Der überstehende Rand der Edelmetallbuchse 6 wird gebördelt oder genietet, um eine formschlüssige Verbindung zu erzielen. Auch die Edelmetallbuchse 6 kann zusätzlich mit der Ringelektrode 4 verschweißt sein.The noble metal bushing 6 is thereby on the ring electrode 4 attached that the noble metal bushing 6 in the in the ring electrode 4 hole is inserted and pressed in and in such a way that the noble metal bushing 6 protrudes annularly over the ring electrode 4. The protruding one Edge of the precious metal bushing 6 is crimped or riveted to to achieve a positive connection. Even the precious metal bushing 6 can also be welded to the ring electrode 4 be.

    Die Ringelektrode 4 ist vorzugsweise glockenförmig mit einem Winkel α von 10° bis 30° angebogen. Durch diese schräge Anstellung der Ringelektrode 4 wird weniger Metalloberfläche der Verbrennungswärme ausgesetzt, so daß die Ringelektrode 4 beim Betrieb zu geringeren Glühzündungen neigt. The ring electrode 4 is preferably bell-shaped bent at an angle α of 10 ° to 30 °. Through this weird Employing the ring electrode 4 is less metal surface Exposed to heat of combustion, so that the ring electrode 4 at Operation tends to lower glow ignitions.

    Wie es in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist, ist die Ringelektrode 4 vorzugsweise sternförmig mit drei speicherartigen Zacken ausgebildet, die glockenförmig umgebogen und an ihren Enden an den Körper 1 angeschweißt sind. Die Ringelektrode 4 kann mit mehr als drei speichenartigen Zacken ausgebildet sein oder auch nur zwei Speichen aufweisen, wie es in Fig. 4 dargestellt ist. Bei dem in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ergibt sich nach dem Umbiegen der Zacken eine bügelartige Ringelektrode. Dieses in Fig. 4 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel hat den besonderen Vorteil einer besseren Umspülung des Gemisches und einer Minderung des Quenching-Effektes, z.B. einer Verhinderung der Flammausbreitung.As shown in FIG. 3, the ring electrode 4 preferably star-shaped with three memory-like tines, the bell-shaped and bent at the ends of the Body 1 are welded. The ring electrode 4 can with more be formed as three spoke-like teeth or only have two spokes, as shown in Fig. 4. At the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 follows a bow-like ring electrode when bending the prongs. This The embodiment shown in Fig. 4 has the special one The advantage of better washing around the mixture and a reduction the quenching effect, e.g. prevention of flame spread.

    Um weniger Metalloberfläche der Verbrennungswärme auszusetzen sind auch die speicherartigen Zacken der Ringelektrode 4 zum Elektrodenring hin verjüngt, so daß der Querschnitt der Ringelektrode 4 zum kalten Teil des Körpers 1 immer größer wird und eine optimale Wärmeableitung garantiert ist.To expose less metal surface to the heat of combustion are also the memory-like spikes of the ring electrode 4 for Electrode ring tapers so that the cross section of the ring electrode 4 to the cold part of the body 1 is getting bigger and bigger optimal heat dissipation is guaranteed.

    Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Elektrodenabstand ZS mit einen Spalt Sp1 so ausgebildet, daß der Elektrodenabstand, d.h. der Zündspalt ZS und der Spalt Sp1 zwischen der Isolatorfußspitze und der Unterkante der Ringelektrode 4 mindestens im Verhältnis 1:1 ausgelegt sind, und nach dem Aufbrauchen der Luftfunkenstrecke ZS sich ein Funke als kombinierter Gleit- und Luftfunke zwischen dem Spalt Sp1 ausbilden kann.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 is the Electrode distance ZS formed with a gap Sp1 so that the Electrode spacing, i.e. the ignition gap ZS and the gap Sp1 between the insulator tip and the lower edge of the ring electrode 4 are designed at least in a ratio of 1: 1, and according to Use up the air spark gap ZS a spark as a combined Form glide and air spark between the gap Sp1 can.

    Fig. 5 zeigt die Arbeitsfolge der Herstellung der Mittelelektrode 3 mit einer Edelmetallhülse, insbesondere einer Platinhülse 5. Fig. 5A zeigt die Mittelelektrode 3, die am zündseitigen Ende beispielsweise durch Drehen, Anreduzieren oder Kaltfliespressen verjüngt ist. Die Stirnseite der Mittelelektrode 3 ist mit einer Vertiefung 7 beispielsweise durch Versenken oder Versenkbohren ausgebildet, so daß sich zwischen der Verjüngung 8 und der Vertiefung 7 ein ringförmiger Bord 9 ergibt. Wie es in Fig. 5B dargestellt ist, wird danach die Platinhülse 5 über die Mittelelektrode 3 gefügt, d.h. insbesondere geschoben oder gepreßt. Anschließend wird gemäß Fig. 5C die Platinhülse 5 mit der Mittelelektrode 3 durch Umlegen des Bordes 9 formsicher montiert. In dem in Fig. 5D dargestellten Arbeitsschritt wird die Platinhülse 5 mit der Mittelelektrode 3 nach dem Umlegen zusätzlich verschweißt oder verlötet.Fig. 5 shows the work sequence of the manufacture of the center electrode 3 with a noble metal sleeve, in particular a platinum sleeve 5. Fig. 5A shows the center electrode 3 on the ignition side End, for example, by turning, reducing or cold extrusion is rejuvenated. The face of the center electrode 3 is with a recess 7, for example by sinking or Countersink drilling so that there is between the taper 8 and the recess 7 results in an annular rim 9. Like it in Fig. 5B is shown, then the platinum sleeve 5 over the Center electrode 3 added, i.e. in particular pushed or pressed. Subsequently, the platinum sleeve 5 with the Center electrode 3 by folding the board 9 form-safe assembled. In the work step shown in Fig. 5D the platinum sleeve 5 with the center electrode 3 after folding additionally welded or soldered.

    Fig. 6 zeigt die Arbeitsschritte bei der Herstellung der Ringelektrode 4 bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel.Fig. 6 shows the steps in the manufacture of the Ring electrode 4 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3.

    In dem in Fig. 6A dargestellten Arbeitsschritt werden die Außen- und die Innenkontur der Ringelektrode 4 einstückig aus einem Metallband z.B. einem Nickelband oder einem Nickellegierungsband beispielsweise durch Stanzen hergestellt. In dem in Fig. 6B dargestellten Arbeitsschritt wird die Ringelektrode 4 glockenförmig gebogen. Anschließend wird im Arbeitsschritt gemäß Fig. 6C die Ringelektrode 4 mit einer Edelmetallbuchse 6 armiert. Dabei wird die Edelmetallbuchse 6 in die Bohrung 10 der Ringelektrode 3 gedrückt und werden anschließend die überstehenden Enden der Edelmetallbuchse 6 durch Bördeln umgelegt, um eine formsichere Armierung zu erreichen, wie es in Fig. 6D dargestellt ist. Die Verbindung zwischen der Edelmetallbuchse 6 und der Ringelektrode 4 kann zusätzlich geschweißt oder gelötet werden.In the step shown in Fig. 6A, the Outer and the inner contour of the ring electrode 4 in one piece a metal band e.g. a nickel band or a nickel alloy band made for example by stamping. In the in 6B, the ring electrode 4 curved bell-shaped. Then in the work step according to 6C, the ring electrode 4 is reinforced with a noble metal bush 6. The noble metal bushing 6 is in the bore 10 of the Ring electrode 3 pressed and then the protruding Ends of the precious metal bushing 6 flanged by a to achieve form-safe reinforcement, as shown in Fig. 6D is. The connection between the noble metal bushing 6 and the ring electrode 4 can also be welded or soldered will.

    Wenn als Edelmetallbuchse 6 eine Platinbuchse vorgesehen wird, dann wird die Ringelelektrode 4 aus Inconel gefertigt, um eine gute Verbindung zwischen der Platinbuchse und der Inconelringelektrode zu erzielen.If a platinum bushing is provided as the noble metal bushing 6 is then the ring electrode 4 made of Inconel to a good connection between the platinum socket and the Inconel ring electrode to achieve.

    Die Ringelektrode 4 und/oder die Edelmetallbuchse 6 können weiterhin aus einem Zweistoffmaterial gefertigt werden, das z.B. aus Nickel mit einer Platinauflage besteht. Aus Kostengründen ist dann das Trägermaterial Nickel und ist die abbrandfeste Platinauflage durch Oberflächenplattierung ausgebildet. Dadurch läßt sich der Verbrauch an hochwertigem Edelmetall so gering wie möglich halten. The ring electrode 4 and / or the noble metal bush 6 can continue to be made from a two-material material, e.g. consists of nickel with a platinum coating. For cost reasons is then the carrier material nickel and is the erosion-resistant Platinum plating formed by surface plating. Thereby the consumption of high quality precious metal can be as low as keep possible.

    Bei der Herstellung der Ringelektrode 4 und der Mittelelektrode 3 werden somit die Edelmetallarmierungen durch mechanische Befestigung beispielsweise durch Bördeln und Pressen angebracht. Ein Schweißen der Edelmetallarmierungen nach der Montage bietet eine zusätzliche Sicherung. In dieser Weise wird das Edelmetall großflächig angebracht, so daß keine Konzentrizitätsprobleme der Anordnung des Edelmetalls auftreten.In the manufacture of the ring electrode 4 and the center electrode 3 are the precious metal reinforcements by mechanical Attachment, for example, by flanging and pressing. Welding the precious metal reinforcements after assembly offers an additional backup. In this way the precious metal large area, so that no concentricity problems of the Arrangement of the precious metal occur.

    Im folgenden wird anhand der Figuren 7 und 8 ein besonders bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verfahrens der Anbringung der Ringelektrode 4 am Körper 1 beschrieben.In the following, FIGS. 7 and 8 show a special preferred embodiment of a method of attachment the ring electrode 4 described on the body 1.

    Es kommt vor, daß der Elektrodenabstand wegen mangelnder Zentrizität der Ringelektrode 4 ungleichmäßig ist und daß unterschiedliche Wandstärken der Ringelektrode 4 zu einer schlechteren Wärmeableitung führen. Wenn die Ringelektrode 4 nicht zentrisch auf den Metallkörper 1 aufgeschweißt ist, muß sie nachgestanzt werden und innen und außen entgratet werden.It happens that the electrode gap due to insufficient Centricity of the ring electrode 4 is uneven and that different Wall thicknesses of the ring electrode 4 to one lead to poorer heat dissipation. If the ring electrode 4 is not welded centrally to the metal body 1, must they are punched out and deburred inside and out.

    Um diese Probleme zu beseitigen, wird bei dem in Fig. 7 und 8 dargestellten Verfahren eine Zentrierungsrille 11 für die Ringelektrode 4 konzentrisch im Körper 1 vorgesehen, werden Schweißnocken an der Ringelektrode 4 angeformt und wird anschließend die Ringelektrode 4 mit den Schweißnocken in zentrischer Anordnung in der Zentrierungsrille 11 mit dem Körper 1 verschweißt.To eliminate these problems, the one in Figs 8 shown a centering groove 11 for the Ring electrode 4 are provided concentrically in the body 1 Welding cams are formed on the ring electrode 4 and is then the ring electrode 4 with the welding cams in the center Arrangement in the centering groove 11 with the body 1 welded.

    Bei einer derartigen Ausbildung ist eine einfache Zentrierung der Ringelektrode 4 in der konzentrisch ausgebildeten Zentrierungsrille 11 am Körper 1 möglich. Die Ringelektrode 4 kann daher vorher fertig ausgestanzt werden, ein Nachstanzen der Bohrung im am Körper 1 bereits angebrachten Zustand entfällt. Gleichfalls erübrigt sich ein Entgraten der Schweißstelle, da das Material in die Zentrierungsrille 11 fließt.With such a design is a simple centering the ring electrode 4 in the concentrically formed centering groove 11 possible on body 1. The ring electrode 4 can therefore be punched out beforehand, a re-punching of the Drilling in the state already attached to body 1 is omitted. There is also no need to deburr the weld, since the material flows into the centering groove 11.

    Die somit erzielte zentrische Montage der Ringelektrode 4 führt zu einem gleichmäßigen Elektrodenabstand und einer gleichmäßigen Wärmeabführung. Es können in dieser Weise zwei-, drei- oder vierpolige Zündkerzen aus Ringelektroden für 14er und 18er Gewinde gefertigt werden.The central assembly of the ring electrode 4 thus achieved leads to a uniform electrode spacing and a uniform one Heat dissipation. In this way two, three or four-pole spark plugs made of ring electrodes for 14 and 18 series Threads are manufactured.

    Claims (16)

    Zündkerze für eine insbesondere mit Gas befeuerte Brennkraftmaschine mit einem elektrisch leitenden Zündkerzenkörper, einer Mittelelektrode, die im Zündkerzenkörper und demgegenüber elektrisch isoliert angeordnet ist und vom Zündkerzenkörper vorsteht, und einer Masseelektrode, die mit dem Zündkerzenkörper elektrisch verbunden und in Form einer Ringelektrode ausgebildet ist, die den vorstehenden Teil der Mittelektrode mit einem dazwischen gebildeten ringförmigen Zündspalt umgibt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, die Mittelelektrode (3) an ihrer den Zündspalt begrenzenden Mantelfläche mit einer Edelmetallarmierung versehen ist. Spark plug for an internal combustion engine fired in particular with gas an electrically conductive spark plug body, a center electrode which is arranged in the spark plug body and, in contrast, is electrically insulated and projects from the spark plug body, and a ground electrode which is electrically connected to the spark plug body and is designed in the form of a ring electrode which surrounds the projecting part of the center electrode with an annular ignition gap formed in between, characterized in that the center electrode (3) is provided with a noble metal reinforcement on its outer surface delimiting the ignition gap. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ringelektrode (4) an ihrer den Zündspalt begrenzten Ringfläche mit einer Edelmetallarmierung versehen ist.Spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring electrode (4) on its ring area delimiting the ignition gap is provided with a precious metal reinforcement. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Edelmetallarmierung an der Ringelektrode (4) aus einer Edelmetallbuchse (6) und an der Mittelelektrode (3) aus einer Edelmetallhülse (5) besteht.Spark plug according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the precious metal reinforcement on the ring electrode (4) a noble metal bushing (6) and on the central electrode (3) a precious metal sleeve (5). Zündkerze nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ringelektrode aus Nickel oder einer Nickellegierung besteht.Spark plug according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the ring electrode made of nickel or a Nickel alloy exists. Zündkerze nach einem der Ansprüch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ringelektrode (4) aus Inconel besteht und das Edelmetall der Edelmetallarmierung Platin oder eine Platinlegierung ist. Spark plug according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ring electrode (4) consists of Inconel and the precious metal of the precious metal armoring platinum or a platinum alloy is. Zündkerze nach einer der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Edelmetallarmierung der Mittelelektrode (3) und/oder die Ringelektrode (4) aus einem Zweistoffmaterial bestehen.Spark plug according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the precious metal reinforcement of the center electrode (3) and / or the ring electrode (4) made of a two-material material consist. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zündstoffmaterial Nickel oder eine Nickellegierung als Trägermaterial mit einer Platinauflage ist.Spark plug according to Claim 6, characterized in that the ignition material nickel or a nickel alloy as a carrier material with a platinum coating. Zündkerze nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in Form einer Ringelektrode ausgebildetem Masseelektrode (4) über sternförmige Speichen mit dem Zündkerzenkörper (1) verbunden ist, wobei der ringförmige Zündspalt zwischen einer Bohrung (10) in der Masseelektrode (4) und der Mittelelektrode (3) gebildet ist.Spark plug according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the formed in the form of a ring electrode Earth electrode (4) over star-shaped spokes with the Spark plug body (1) is connected, the annular ignition gap between a hole (10) in the ground electrode (4) and the center electrode (3) is formed. Zündkerze nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine zusätzlich vorgesehene Gleitfunkenstrecke, die zwischen der Isolatorfußspitze und der Unterkante der Masseelektrode (4) ausgebildet ist.Spark plug according to one of the preceding claims, characterized through an additionally provided sliding spark gap, between the tip of the insulator and the bottom edge the ground electrode (4) is formed. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luftfunkenstrecke des Zündspaltes und die Gleitfunkenstrecke im Verhältnis von 1:1 stehen.Spark plug according to Claim 6, characterized in that the spark gap of the ignition gap and the spark gap in a ratio of 1: 1. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die sternförmigen Speichen der Masseelektrode (4) glockenartig angeschrägt sind.Spark plug according to Claim 8, characterized in that the star-shaped spokes of the ground electrode (4) bell-like are chamfered. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anschrägungswinkel 10° bis 30° beträgt.Spark plug according to Claim 11, characterized in that the bevel angle is 10 ° to 30 °. Zündkerze nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Funkenlage vorgezogen ist.Spark plug according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spark position is preferred. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Funkenlage 6mm beträgt.Spark plug according to Claim 13, characterized in that the spark position is 6mm. Zündkerze nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Masseelektrode (4) aus Inconel gebildet ist.Spark plug according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ground electrode (4) made of Inconel is formed. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Zündkerze nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daR im Zündkerzenkörper (1) eine konzentrische Zentrierungsrille (11) für die Masseelektrode (4) vorgesehen wird, Schweißnocken an die Masseelektrode (4) angeformt werden und die Masseelektrode (4) mit den Schweißnocken in die Zentrierungsrille (11) des Zündkerzenkörpers (1) eingesetzt und damit verschweißt wird.Method of manufacturing a spark plug according to one of the Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the spark plug body (1) a concentric centering groove (11) for the Ground electrode (4) is provided, welding cams to the ground electrode (4) are molded and the ground electrode (4) with the welding cam into the centering groove (11) of the spark plug body (1) used and welded to it.
    EP98102016A 1997-02-12 1998-02-05 Spark plug for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0859436B1 (en)

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    DE19705372A DE19705372C2 (en) 1997-02-12 1997-02-12 Spark plug for an internal combustion engine
    DE19705372 1997-02-12

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    EP0859436A1 true EP0859436A1 (en) 1998-08-19
    EP0859436B1 EP0859436B1 (en) 2000-07-19

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE19705372A1 (en) 1998-08-20
    DE59800197D1 (en) 2000-08-24
    US6064144A (en) 2000-05-16
    EP0859436B1 (en) 2000-07-19
    DE19705372C2 (en) 2002-06-27
    ATE194886T1 (en) 2000-08-15
    ES2149621T3 (en) 2000-11-01

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