Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/75—Amino oxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/86—Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
  • C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
  • C11D3/2034—Monohydric alcohols aromatic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
  • C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
  • C11D3/2037—Terpenes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/34—Organic compounds containing sulfur
  • C11D3/3418—Toluene -, xylene -, cumene -, benzene - or naphthalene sulfonates or sulfates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/48—Medical, disinfecting agents, disinfecting, antibacterial, germicidal or antimicrobial compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/50—Perfumes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
  • C11D1/525—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain two or more hydroxy groups per alkyl group, e.g. R3 being a reducing sugar rest
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/90—Betaines

Definitions

• the invention relates to liquid dishwashing detergent compositions.
• the compositions have antibacterial properties.
• Liquid dishwashing compositions are much desired by consumers and can be used neat or diluted.
• a composition In diluted mode, a composition is diluted in water to form a wash liquor in which the dishes to be cleaned are immersed.
• neat mode a composition is directly applied neat onto dishes, and in this mode a dish implement is often use. Specifically, the composition is applied onto the implement, usually a sponge or a dishcloth, which is in turn contacted with the dishes to be cleaned.
• dish implements are left humid most of the time, and so they provide a good medium for bacterial growth.
• the contaminated implement which is used to clean dishes will in turn contaminate those dishes.
• dishwashing compositions can fulfill the further purpose of reducing or eliminating bacterial growth on dish implements.
• compositions of the present invention are liquid dishwashing compositions comprising :
• the invention further encompasses a method of washing dishes with these compositions.
• the anti bacterial efficacy of said formulations is mainly driven by a synergy between the hydrotrope(s) and the unsaturated aliphatic terpene alcohol(s) or derivative.
• compositions of the invention are aqueous liquid compositions. They typically comprise from 30% to 90% by weight of the total composition of water, preferably 40% to 85%.
• compositions herein are liquid and so they typically have a viscosity of from 5 cps to 2000 cps, preferably 5 cps to 400 cps, most preferably 5 cps to 350 cops, measured with a Brookfield Viscometer, with a No. 18 spindle, at 20°C.
• compositions of the present invention comprise, as an essential ingredient, one or several of the following surfactants.
• Suitable for use herein are amine oxides according to the formula : wherein R 2 represents a straight or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 10 to 16 carbon atoms, and R 3 and R 4 represent a C 1 to C 4 hydrocarbon chain, preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
• R 2 represents a straight or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 10 to 16 carbon atoms
• R 3 and R 4 represent a C 1 to C 4 hydrocarbon chain, preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
• alkyl alkoxylated sulfates of the formula R 1 O(A) n SO 3 M, wherein R 1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 9 to 15 carbon atoms, A is an alkoxy group, preferably ethoxy or propoxy, most preferably ethoxy, n represents 0.5 to 7 of real number in average, and M is an alkalimetal, alkali earth metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium group.
• alkyl alkoxylated sulfates with lower values for n, on an equal weight basis, typically when n is below 1.0, improves the performance of the composition on grease removal and sudsing due to the corresponding increase in moles of anionic but results in an increase in the total amount of unalkoxylated alkyl sulphate, and this seems to make the low temperature instability issue more acute. If different alkyl alkoxylated sulfates are used which have different n values, the resulting average n value of the alkyl alkoxylated sulfate in the composition will be the weighted molar average n value of the individual n values of the different alkyl alkoxylated sulfates used in the composition.
• the average n value is less than 0.5, the stimulus to skin increases and this is not desirable. On the other hand, if the average n value is more than 3, the detergency deteriorates.
• R 1 if the average number of carbon atoms in R 1 is less than 9, the detergency is insufficient, while if it is more than 16, the stability at low temperature deteriorates.
• Suitable alkyl alkoxylated material for use herein can be straight or branched materials.
• branched material it is meant that R 1 is branched, while the position of the branching, and the length of the branched group is as determined by the position of the CH2-OH functional group in the parent alcohol.
• the increase in the proportion of branched material can improve the physical stability of the composition at low temperature.
• the branched alkyl alkoxylated sulfate material should not represent more than 60%, by weight, of the total alkyl alkoxylated sulfate (branched plus linear), otherwise the sudsing performance of the product deteriorates unacceptably.
• branched alkyl alkoxylated sulfates should be present in amounts of up to 60%, preferably from 10% to 55%, most preferably 10% to 50%.
• Alkyl alkoxylated sulfates are commercially available with a variety of chain lengths, degrees of alkoxylation and degrees of branching under the trade names Empicol® ESA 70 (AE1S) or Empicol® ESB 70 (AE2S) by Albright & Wilson, with C12/14 carbon chain length distribution which are derived from natural alcohols and are 100% linear, Empimin® KSL68/A - AE1S and Empimin® KSN70/LA - AE3S by Albright & Wilson with C12/13 chain length distribution and about 60% branching, Dobanol® 23 ethoxylated sulphates from Shell with C12/13 chain length distribution and about 18% branching, Lial® 123 ethoxylated sulphates from Condea Augusta with C12/13 chain length distribution and about 60% branching and Isalchem® 123 alkoxylated sulphates with C12/13 chain length distribution and about 95% branching.
• suitable alkyl alkoxylated sulfates can be prepared by alkoxylating and sulfating the appropriate alcohols, as described in "Surfactants in Consumer Products" by J.Falbe and "Fatty oxo-alcohols : Relation between their alkyl chain structure and the performance of the derived AE,AS,AES” submitted to the 4th World Surfactants, Barcelona, 3-7 VI 1996 Congress by Condea Augusta.
• Commercial oxo-alcohols are a mixture of primary alcohols containing several isomers and homologues. Industrial processes allow one to separate these isomers hence resulting in alcohols with linear isomer content ranging from 5-10% to upto 95%.
• Examples of available alcohols for alkoxylation and sulfation are Lial® alcohols by Condea Augusta (60% branched), Isalchem® alcohols by Condea Augusta (95% branched), Dobanol® alcohols by Shell (18% linear).
• compositions herein comprise a hydrotrope selected from the group consisting of salts of cumene sulfonate, toluene sulfonate, xylene sulfonate, benzene sulfonate or mixtures thereof.
• Preferred salts are ammonium and sodium salts.
• compositions herein typically comprise from 1% to 15% by weight of the total composition of said hydrotropes, preferably 1% to 10%, most preferably 2% to 6%.
• the compositions herein comprise an unsaturated aliphatic terpene alcohol or derivates thereof (i.e unsaturated aliphatic terpene alcohols where the alcohol group is functionalized, e.g. into acetate, formate, propionate, or the like) or mixtures thereof.
• Suitable such alcohols or derivatives for use herein include geraniol, nerol, citronellol, linalool, citronellyl acetate, geranyl acetate, linalyl acetate, citronellyl formate, geranyl formate, linalyl formate, citronellyl propionate, geranyl propionate and linalyl propionate.
• compositions herein typically comprise from 0.1% to 3% by weight of the total composition of said unsaturated aliphatic terpene alcohol, preferably 0.2% to 2.5%, most preferably 0.4% to 2%.
• compositions herein can comprise a number of other, optional ingredients, as follows :
• a first optional, but preferred ingredient is a phenolic compound according to the formula wherein R, R1, R2, R3, R4 are independently H, a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 10, more preferably from 1 to 4, an alkoxylated hydrocarbon chain according to the formula Ra(A) n wherein Ra is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 10, more preferably from 1 to 4, wherein A is butoxy, propoxy and/or ethoxy, and n is an integer of 1 to 4, preferably from 1 to 3, or an aryl chain having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 10 and more preferably from 1 to 4, or mixtures thereof.
• Highly preferred from that class of ingredients are Eugenol and Thymol.
• compositions herein can comprise from 0.1% to 4%, preferably from 0.2% to 1.5% by weight of the total composition of such a phenolic compound or mixtures thereof.
• compositions herein preferably comprise from 0% to 2.0%, preferably 0.1% to 1.5%, most preferably from 0.2% to 1% by weight of the composition, of magnesium ions which may be added to the liquid detergent compositions of the invention for improved product stability, as well as improved sudsing and skin mildness.
• the magnesium ions are introduced by neutalization of the acid form of alkylethoxy surfactants with a magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide slurry in water. Normally, this method is limited by the amount of anionic surfactants in the composition.
• An alternative method is to use MgCl2, MgSO4 or other inorganic Mg salts. These materials are less desirable because they can cause corrosivity problems (chloride salts), decrease the solubility of the formulations, or cause formulatibility/stability problems in the compositions. It is desirable for these reasons to iimit the addition of inorganic salts to less than 2%, preferably less than 1% by weight of the anionic inorganic counterion.
• Anti-gelling polymer
• compositions of the invention comprise an anti-gelling polymer which improves the compositions' resistance to gelling.
• Suitable polymers for use herein have a molecular weight of at least 500, preferably from 500 to 20000, more preferably 1000 to 5000, most preferably 1000 to 3000.
• compositions herein comprise from 0.5% to 6% by weight of the total composition of an anti-gelling polymer, or mixtures thereof, preferably 0.5% to 4%, most preferably 1.5% to 3%.
• Suitable polymers for use herein include :
• Hihgly preferred polymers for use herein are polymers of the formula : in which X can be any suitable capping group, with each X being selected from the group consisting of H, and alkyl or acyl groups containing from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms, most preferably alkyl. Furthermore, the alkyl group may contain anionic, cationic or nonionic substituents such as sulphonate, sulphato, ammonium, hydroxy etc. groups. n is selected for water solubility and is a range of values which generally averages from about 10 to about 50, preferably from about 10 to about 25.
• the R 1 moieties are essentially 1,4-phenylene moieties.
• the term "the R 1 moieties are essentially 1,4-phenylene moieties” refers to compounds where the R 1 moieties consist entirely of 1,4-phenylene moieties, or are partially substituted with other arylene or alkarylene moieties, alkylene moieties, alkenylene moieties, or mixtures thereof.
• Arylene and alkarylene moieties which can be partially substituted for 1,4-phenylene include 1,3-phenylene, 1,2-phenylene, 1,8-naphthylene, 1,4-naphthylene, 2,2-biphenylene, 4,4'-biphenylene and mixtures thereof.
• Alkylene and alkenylene moieties which can be partially substituted include ethylene, 1,2-propylene, 1,4-butylene, 1,5-pentylene, 1,6-hexamethylene, 1,7-heptamethylene, 1,8-octamethylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, and mixtures thereof.
• the R 1 moieties consist entirely of (i.e., comprise 100%) 1,4-phenylene moieties, i.e. each R 1 moiety is 1,4-phenylene.
• suitable ethylene or substituted ethylene moieties include ethylene, 1,2-propylene, 1,2-butylene, 1,2-hexylene, 3-methoxy-1,2-propylene and mixtures thereof.
• the R 2 moieties are essentially ethylene moieties, or, preferably, 1,2-propylene moieties or mixtures thereof.
• from about 75% to about 100%, more preferably from about 90% to about 100% of the R 2 moieties are 1,2-propylene moieties.
• n averages at least about 10, but a distribution of n values is present.
• the value of each n usually ranges from about 10 to about 50
• the value for each n averages in the range of from about 10 to about 25.
• the most preferred polymers for use herein are polymers according to the formula : wherein X is methyl, n is 16, R 1 is 1,4-phenylene moiety, R 2 is 1,2-propylene moiety and u is essentially between 3 and 5.
• compositions of the invention can comprise a solvent in an effective amount so as to reach the desired viscosity.
• Suitable solvents for use herein include low molecular weight alcohols such as C 1 -C 10 , preferably C 1 -C 4 mono- and dihydric alcohols, preferably ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol and hexylene glycol.
• low molecular weight alcohols such as C 1 -C 10 , preferably C 1 -C 4 mono- and dihydric alcohols, preferably ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol and hexylene glycol.
• compositions herein typically comprise from 3% to 20% by weight of the total composition of an alcohol, or mixtures thereof, preferably 3% to 15%, most preferably 5% to 10%.
• compositions herein are formulated as clear liquid compositions.
• clear it is meant isotropic, stable and transparent.
• solvents and hydrotropes are well known to those familiar with the art of dishwashing formulations.
• Those clear compositions are preferably packaged in transparent containers, which can typically be made out of plastic or glass.
• compositions can contain other optional components suitable for use in liquid dishwashing compositions such as perfume, dye, opacifiers, enzymes, builders and chelants and pH buffering means so that the compositions herein generally have a pH of from 5 to 11, preferably 6.0 to 10.0, most preferably 7 to 9 measured at a 10% solution in water.
• soiled dishes are contacted with an effective amount, typically from about 0.5 ml. to about 20 ml. (per 25 dishes being treated), preferably from about 3 ml. to about 10 ml., of the detergent composition of the present invention.
• an effective amount typically from about 0.5 ml. to about 20 ml. (per 25 dishes being treated), preferably from about 3 ml. to about 10 ml., of the detergent composition of the present invention.
• the actual amount of liquid detergent composition used will be based on the judgement of user, and will typically depend upon factors such as the particular product formulation of the composition, including the concentration of active ingredients in the compositon, the number of soiled dishes to be cleaned, the degree of soiling on the dishes, and the like.
• the particular product formulation in turn, will depend upon a number of factors, such as the intended market (i.e., U.S., Europe, Japan, etc.) for the composition product.
• the soiled dishes are preferably immersed into a water bath with or without a liquid dishwashing detergent as described herein.
• a dish implement i.e. a device suitable for absorbing a liquid dishwashing detergent such as a sponge or a dishcloth, is placed directly onto or contacted with a separate quantity of undiluted liquid dishwashing composition as described herein for a period of time typically ranging from about 3 to about 10 seconds.
• the absorbing device, and consequently the undiluted liquid dishwashing composition is then contacted individually to the surface of each of the soiled dishes to remove said soiling.
• the absorbing device is typically contacted with each dish surface for a period of time ranging from about 5 to about 30 seconds, although the actual time of application will be dependent upon factors such as the degree of soiling of the dish.
• the contacting of the absorbing device to the dish surface is preferably accompanied by concurrent scrubbing.
• the dish implement is preferably contacted, e.g. soaked with neat product and left to dry.
• contaminated dish implements i.e. dish implements contaminated by previous uses with other compositions
• Example 1 Example 2 Alcoholethoxylate (2.2) sulfate 22 Alcoholethoxylate (2.2) sulfate 22 Amine oxide 3 Amine oxide 3 Nonionic 7 Nonionic 7 Glucose amide 5 Glucose amide 5 Betaine 2 Betaine 2 Mg++ 0.5 Mg++ 0.5 Ethanol 7 Ethanol 7 Sodium cumene sulfonate 5 Sodium toluene sulfonate 5 Polypropylene glycol (2000) 2.00 Polypropylene glycol (2000) 2.00 Propylene glycol 1.00 Propylene glycol 1.00 Geraniol 0.60 Geraniol 0.25 Water balance Thymol 0.25 Eugenol 0.25 Water balance pH (10% water) 7.8 pH (10% water) 7.8 Example 3 Example 4 Alcoholethoxylate (3.0) sulfate 19 Alcoholethoxylate (3.0) sulfate 11 Alcyl polyglyceroliol amide.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (14)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=26148208

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications After (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (11)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1997
  • 1997-08-14 EP EP97870119A patent/EP0855440A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 1998
  • 1998-01-14 IL IL13095698A patent/IL130956A0/xx unknown
  • 1998-01-14 WO PCT/US1998/000695 patent/WO1998032821A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-01-14 PL PL98336995A patent/PL336995A1/xx unknown
  • 1998-01-14 CN CN98801998A patent/CN1255156A/zh active Pending
  • 1998-01-14 AU AU59171/98A patent/AU5917198A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-01-14 TR TR1999/01727T patent/TR199901727T2/xx unknown
  • 1998-01-14 BR BR9807005-3A patent/BR9807005A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-01-14 JP JP53202998A patent/JP2002511110A/ja active Pending
  • 1998-01-14 KR KR1019997006475A patent/KR20000070247A/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 1998-01-14 EP EP98902537A patent/EP0971995A4/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-01-23 AR ARP980100302A patent/AR011430A1/es unknown

Patent Citations (5)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events