EP0855257B1 - Drill with cylindrical head - Google Patents

Drill with cylindrical head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0855257B1
EP0855257B1 EP97122890A EP97122890A EP0855257B1 EP 0855257 B1 EP0855257 B1 EP 0855257B1 EP 97122890 A EP97122890 A EP 97122890A EP 97122890 A EP97122890 A EP 97122890A EP 0855257 B1 EP0855257 B1 EP 0855257B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boring head
edge
foregoing
drill
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97122890A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0855257A3 (en
EP0855257A2 (en
Inventor
Thomas Pomp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Famag-Werkzeugfabrik Friedrich Aug Muehlhoff
Original Assignee
Famag-Werkzeugfabrik Friedrich Aug Muehlhoff
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Publication of EP0855257A2 publication Critical patent/EP0855257A2/en
Publication of EP0855257A3 publication Critical patent/EP0855257A3/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G15/00—Boring or turning tools; Augers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
    • Y10T408/901—Having axially extending peripheral cutting spur
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
    • Y10T408/905—Having stepped cutting edges
    • Y10T408/906—Axially spaced
    • Y10T408/9065—Axially spaced with central lead

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head drill, for example Forstner drills, artificial drills or the like, with an essentially diametrically over the entire circular cross section of the drill head, Main cutting edge with free cutting surfaces with centering tip and connecting with the main cutting edge, open towards the edge, penetrating the drill head at an angle Chip channels, with each end of the main cutting edge one coinciding with the circumferential line of the drill head Pre-cut edge for only guidance the pre-cut edge to the edge of the other chip channel and which the Edge of an essentially cylindrically curved Shell wall of the drill head is.
  • Such cylinder head drills are known.
  • Solid material worked out cylinder head drill with one carried by a clamping shaft Drilling head specified, which with a centering tip and two Circumferential cutting with two approximately radial ones Main cutting is provided.
  • the two main edges chip channels are assigned to the peripheral surface and open to the rear face of the drill head are.
  • Each chip channel base is rounded and curved goes smoothly both in the rake face of the assigned Main cutting edge as well as in the, this rake face opposite chip channel side wall over.
  • ring hole cutter known for chip removal Have chip channels on the outer wall of the drill head.
  • This Shell wall recesses can be in the form of impressions or cutouts.
  • the jacket wall recesses to the axis Form grooves parallel or inclined to the axis.
  • This Grooves can, for example, by means of a end mill or the like from the otherwise smooth-walled Cladding wall to be worked out. Because of this, that the jacket wall recesses only for cooling serve the drill head, these can also be parallel to Be aligned axis of rotation of the cylinder head drill. However, an embodiment is preferred in which the grooves formed are inclined to the drilling axis.
  • the grooves have a rectangular or have a circular cross-section. Will continue suggested that the grooves be open on both sides are.
  • the cylinder head drill Made in one piece from solid material become.
  • the for heat dissipation of the drill head serving grooves are preferably milled out.
  • the pre-cut edge training, arch-shaped pre-cutter one has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape, that of a formed on the back of the shell wall hollow surface is.
  • the jacket wall recesses according to the invention preferably extend to the pre-cut edge, which is due to the wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape of the arched running pre-cutter tooth-like pre-cutter segments be cut free.
  • the tooth gap-like Structure of the pre-cut edge is also counteracting heating of the drill head during drilling. It is also advantageous that the free cut surfaces
  • the main cutting edge levels are that, in essence cut the respective hollow surface at right angles.
  • the aforementioned openings open into these cut-out areas Chip channels of the cylinder head drill.
  • the pre-cut edge in the area between two neighboring ones Grooves have a free cut.
  • the tooth gap-like Pre-cut edge sets due to this training during the drilling process, only point by point on the material to be machined Workpiece on. Through the selected free cut in the area of a cut free between two adjacent grooves Pre-cut tooth is an improved one Cutting property in the area of the pre-cut edge and secondly given less warming.
  • the bulges from radial protruding tooth sections of individual teeth are. These individual teeth are wall-outer arranged of the drill head and form the pre-cut edge. Due to the radially protruding arrangement of the individual Teeth are preferably axially aligned between them Freedom created.
  • the individual teeth are made of hard material and in receiving pockets of the drill head with radial and axial protrusion are soldered.
  • the cylinder head drill is consequently in successive operations manufactured. First, the drill head is with its main cutting edge and the one that penetrates the drill head at an angle Chip channels in one piece from solid material worked out.
  • the pockets are dimensioned such that the individual teeth used both with radial as well as axial projection on the Drill head are fixed. Because of the axial projection the pre-cut edge is formed. Due to the radial projection the single tooth is between two neighboring ones Individual teeth created a free space. Otherwise is thus smooth-walled jacket wall of the drill head interrupted by the protruding individual teeth. This has less heating of the drill head during the drilling process. Finally it turns out it is advantageous that the receiving pockets one dovetail-shaped cross section for each have a single tooth.
  • the individual teeth have a cross section of the receiving pocket corresponding cross-section, whereby after Insert a single tooth with a wall clearance in the receiving bag lies in. In the space thus formed can be after heating the pre-assembled The silver solder used for final fixation of the individual teeth.
  • Fig. 1 designed as a Forstner drill cylinder head drill 1, which essentially consists of a Clamping shank 2 and a drill head carried by this 3 composed.
  • the latter is essentially cylindrical and has one essentially diametrically over the entire circular cross-section extending main cutting edge 4 with a centering tip 5.
  • the main cutting edge 4 is through the centering tip 5 interrupted, with each major cutting section 4 'and 4' 'towards the outer wall 6 of the drill head 3 Open chip channel penetrating the drill head 3 at an angle 7 connects.
  • Each outer wall end of the main cutting edge 4 one closes with the circumference of the drill head 3 coincident pre-cut edge 8, which for Guidance of the drill 1 is used.
  • Each pre-cut edge 8 extends from the end of the main cutting edge 4 to to the edge of the other chip channel 7. Conditional due to the essentially cylindrical design the drill head 3 thus result in a cylindrical shape curved pre-cut edges 8.
  • the rear of the jacket wall 6 is assigned in each case a pre-cut edge 8, a hollow surface 9 is formed. This results in one, the pre-cut edge 8 forming, arcuate roughing cutter 10 with a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape (cf. Fig. 4).
  • the main cutting edge 4 or the main cutting edge sections 4 'and 4' ' have free cut surfaces 11, which are flat and continuously up to the hollow surface 9 of each in the direction of rotation following pre-cutter 10, the open spaces 11 with respect to a transverse plane of the Drill head 3 inclined by an angle of approx. 30 ° each are.
  • the chip channels 7 have an arcuate rounded Chip channel base.
  • the arched chip channel base protrudes here to the free area 11 of the other main cutting edge section inside.
  • the planes of the free cut surfaces 11 essentially cut the respective hollow surface 9 in a right Angle.
  • the otherwise smooth-walled jacket wall 6 is in the 1 to 4 shown first embodiment interrupted by grooves 12 of circular arc shape in cross section. As a result, radial bulges 13 are formed, which in this first embodiment Form shell wall recesses.
  • the grooves 12 are, for example, by means of one Finger cutter or the like in the jacket wall 6 incorporated, the orientation of the grooves 12 so can be chosen to be parallel to the drill axis run x-x. However, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 2, an orientation is preferred in which the Grooves 12 are aligned inclined to the axis x-x. By doing The embodiment shown here is an angle alpha of approx. 20 °.
  • the grooves 12 are open on both sides, that is, they extend in the axial direction considered total drill head height, which is due to the wedge-shaped cross-section of the pre-cutter 10 isolated, tooth-like pre-cutter segments 14 train. In the area of the penetration of grooves 12 and pre-cutters 10 result in eulipsis Open cuts 15.
  • each pre-cut edge 8 is in the area between two adjacent grooves 12, that is in the area of one Pre-cutter segment 14, provided with a free cut 16, with which the pre-cut edges 8 only selectively touch the workpiece to be machined.
  • a Forstner drill 1 is shown, which is the same the first embodiment with bulges 13 in Form of grooves 12 provided in the region of the jacket wall 6 is. However, here is an essentially rectangular one Cross-sectional shape of the grooves 12 selected. Are further the grooves 12 aligned parallel to the drill axis x-x.
  • These grooves 12 are also open on both sides, which in turn is in the area of the pre-cut edges 8 isolated, tooth-like pre-cutter segments 14 train.
  • Free cuts 15 formed.
  • the bulges 13 and grooves 12 are continuous, that is, open on both sides, trained. It However, versions are also conceivable in which the Bulges 13 closed on one or both sides are trained.
  • the bulges 13 and grooves 12 only serve to reduce the heat development in the area of the drill head 3 and not for chip evacuation. The latter takes place over the essentially centrally arranged Chip channels 7. Due to this, the formation and alignment of the bulges 13 freely chosen become.
  • FIGS. 8 to 10 A third embodiment of the invention Solution is shown in FIGS. 8 to 10. opposite the previously described embodiments are here the jacket wall 6 of the drill head 3 is not groove-like Bulges interrupted. Rather is training chosen here so that the bulges 13 from radial projecting tooth sections formed by individual teeth 17 are. Accordingly, the jacket wall 6 is not of Depressions but interrupted by protrusions.
  • the individual teeth 17 consist of a hard material and are accommodated in pockets 18 of the drill head 3.
  • the receiving pockets 18 are in the radial outside area the pre-cutter 10 for the outer casing wall and End face of the drill head 3 is open and have a dovetail-shaped cross section.
  • the individual teeth 17 have an insertion cross section the receiving pockets 18 adapted cross-section on.
  • the axial length and the radial depth each receiving pocket 18 is selected so that a inserted single tooth 17 with radial projection a and axial projection b is supported.

Abstract

The drill's (1) main blade (4) with centring point (5) has free-cut surfaces (11) and extends over the entire circular cross-section of the drill-head (3). Slanting drilling-dust ducts (7) penetrate the drill head and are open towards the edge next to the main blade. Each end of the main blade adjoins a pre-cutting edge (8) coinciding with the peripheral line of the drill-head. The pre-cutting edge extends as far as the edge of the outer drilling-duct, and is formed by the edge of a cylindrical outer wall (6) of the drilling head. The otherwise smooth outer casing wall is broken up by radial outward bulges (13) interspersed by grooves (12) sloping towards the axis or parallel with the axis.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderkopfbohrer, beispielsweise Forstner-Bohrer, Kunstbohrer oder dergleichen, mit einer im wesentlichen diametral sich über den gesamten Kreisquerschnitt der Bohrkopfes erstreckender, Freischnittflächen aufweisender Hauptschneide mit Zentrierspitze und mit sich an die Hauptschneide anschließenden, zum Rand hin offenen, den Bohrkopf schräg durchdringenden Spankanälen, wobei sich an jedem Ende der Hauptschneide eine mit der Umfangslinie des Bohrkopfes zusammenfallende Vorschnittkante zur lediglichen Führung des Bohrers anschließt, welche Vorschnittkante bis zum Rand des jeweils anderen Spankanals reicht und welche die Randkante einer im wesentlichen zylindrisch gekrümmten Mantelwand des Bohrkopfes ist.The invention relates to a cylinder head drill, for example Forstner drills, artificial drills or the like, with an essentially diametrically over the entire circular cross section of the drill head, Main cutting edge with free cutting surfaces with centering tip and connecting with the main cutting edge, open towards the edge, penetrating the drill head at an angle Chip channels, with each end of the main cutting edge one coinciding with the circumferential line of the drill head Pre-cut edge for only guidance the pre-cut edge to the edge of the other chip channel and which the Edge of an essentially cylindrically curved Shell wall of the drill head is.

Derartige Zylinderkopfbohrer sind bekannt. So ist beispielsweise in der DE-PS 41 15 030 ein einstückig aus Vollmaterial herausgearbeiteter Zylinderkopfbohrer mit einem von einem Einspannschaft getragenen Bohrkopf angegeben, welcher mit einer Zentrierspitze und zwei Umfangsschneiden mit zwei etwa radial verlaufenden Hauptschneiden versehen ist. Den zwei Hauptschneiden sind Spankanäle zugeordnet, die zur Umfangsfläche und zur rückwärtigen Stirnfläche des Bohrkopfes hin offen sind. Jeder Spankanalgrund ist bogenförmig gerundet und geht stufenlos sowohl in die Spanfläche der zugeordneten Hauptschneide als auch in die, dieser Spanfläche gegenüberliegende Spankanalseitenwand über. Weiter sind sogenannte Ringlochschneider bekannt, welche zur Spanabfuhr mantelaußenwandig des Bohrkopfes Spankanäle aufweisen. Such cylinder head drills are known. For example in DE-PS 41 15 030 in one piece Solid material worked out cylinder head drill with one carried by a clamping shaft Drilling head specified, which with a centering tip and two Circumferential cutting with two approximately radial ones Main cutting is provided. The two main edges chip channels are assigned to the peripheral surface and open to the rear face of the drill head are. Each chip channel base is rounded and curved goes smoothly both in the rake face of the assigned Main cutting edge as well as in the, this rake face opposite chip channel side wall over. Are further so-called ring hole cutter known for chip removal Have chip channels on the outer wall of the drill head.

Im Hinblick auf den zuvorbeschriebenen Stand der Technik wird eine technische Problematik der Erfindung darin gesehen, einen gattungsgemäßen Zylinderkopfbohrer derart verbessert auszugestalten, daß sich der Bohrkopf beim Bohren weniger erwärmt.In view of the prior art described above becomes a technical problem of the invention seen in it a generic cylinder head drill so improved to design that the drill head less heated when drilling.

Diese Problematik ist zunächst und im wesentlichen beim Gegenstand des Anspruches 1 gelöst, wobei darauf abgestellt ist, daß die ansonsten glattwandige Mantelwandung durch radiale Ausbuchtungen unterbrochen ist. Durch diese radialen Ausbuchtungen werden Freiräume geschaffen, welche zur Kühlung des Bohrkopfes dienen. Die Spanabfuhr erfolgt in bekannter Weise über die zentral im Bohrkopf angeordneten Spankanäle. Im Gegenteil zu den erwähnten Ringlochschneidern dienen die radialen Ausbuchtungen in der Mantelwand des Bohrkopfes nicht zur Spanabfuhr. So können diese Ausbuchtungen beispielsweise stirn- und rückseitig des Bohrkopfes, in Axialrichtung betrachtet, geschlossene Freiräume ausbilden. Bevorzugt wird eine Ausgestaltung, bei welcher die Ausbuchtungen Mantelwandvertiefungen sind. Durch diese Mantelwandvertiefungen sind die zur Kühlung des Bohrkopfes beim Bohren gewünschten Freiräume geschaffen. Diese Mantelwandvertiefungen können in Form von Einprägungen oder Ausfräsungen gebildet sein. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, daß die Mantelwandvertiefungen zur Achse parallel oder zur Achse geneigte Nuten ausbilden. Diese Nuten können beispielsweise mittels eines Fingerfräsers oder dergleichen aus der ansonsten glattwandigen Mantelwandung herausgearbeitet sein. Dadurch bedingt, daß die Mantelwandvertiefungen lediglich zur Kühlung des Bohrkopfes dienen, können diese auch parallel zur Drehachse des Zylinderkopfbohrers ausgerichtet sein. Bevorzugt wird jedoch eine Ausgestaltung, bei welcher die gebildeten Nuten geneigt zur Bohrachse verlaufen. This problem is first and foremost with Subject of claim 1 solved, with reference to it is that the otherwise smooth-walled jacket wall is interrupted by radial bulges. These radial bulges open up space created, which serve to cool the drill head. Chip removal takes place in a known manner via the Chip channels arranged centrally in the drill head. On the contrary to the mentioned ring hole cutters radial bulges in the casing wall of the drill head not for chip removal. So these bulges can for example on the front and back of the drill head, in Considered the axial direction, form closed free spaces. An embodiment is preferred in which the Bulges are wall recesses. Through this Shell wall recesses are used to cool the drill head desired free space created during drilling. This Shell wall recesses can be in the form of impressions or cutouts. According to the invention provided that the jacket wall recesses to the axis Form grooves parallel or inclined to the axis. This Grooves can, for example, by means of a end mill or the like from the otherwise smooth-walled Cladding wall to be worked out. Because of this, that the jacket wall recesses only for cooling serve the drill head, these can also be parallel to Be aligned axis of rotation of the cylinder head drill. However, an embodiment is preferred in which the grooves formed are inclined to the drilling axis.

Weiter wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Nuten einen Rechteck- oder Kreisbogenquerschnitt besitzen. Weiter wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Nuten beiderrandseitig offen sind. Der Erfindung zufolge kann der Zylinderkopfbohrer in einem Arbeitsgang einstückig aus Vollmaterial herausgearbeitet werden. Die zur Wärmeabfuhr des Bohrkopfes dienenden Nuten werden hierbei bevorzugt ausgefräst. Weiter ist vorgesehen, daß der die Vorschnittkante ausbildende, bogenförmig verlaufende Vorschneider eine keilförmige Querschnittsform besitzt, die von einer rückseitig der Mantelwand liegenden Hohlfläche ausgebildet ist. Die erfindungsgemäßen Mantelwandvertiefungen erstrecken sich bevorzugt bis in die Vorschnittkante, womit durch die keilförmige Querschnittsform des bogenförmig verlaufenden Vorschneiders zahnartige Vorschneidersegmente freigeschnitten werden. Durch die zahnlükkenartige Struktur der Vorschnittkante wird gleichfalls einer Erwärmung des Bohrkopfes beim Bohren entgegengewirkt. Weiter ist es vorteilhaft, daß die Freischnittflächen der Hauptschneide Ebenen sind, die im wesentlichen rechtwinklig die jeweilige Hohlfläche schneiden. In diese Freischnittflächen münden die eingangs erwähnten Spankanäle des Zylinderkopfbohrers. In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist vorgesehen, daß die Vorschnittkante im Bereich zwischen zwei benachbarten Nuten einen Freischnitt besitzt. Die zahnlückenartige Vorschnittkante setzt, bedingt durch diese Ausbildung beim Bohrvorgang, lediglich punktweise auf das zu bearbeitende Werkstück auf. Durch den gewählten Freischnitt im Bereich eines zwischen zwei benachbarten Nuten freigeschnittenen Vorschnittzahnes ist zum einen eine verbesserte Schneideigenschaft im Bereich der Vorschnittkante und zum anderen eine geringere Erwärmung gegeben. In einer alternativen Ausgestaltung des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist vorgesehen, daß die Ausbuchtungen von radial vorstehenden Zahnabschnitten von Einzelzähnen ausgebildet sind. Diese Einzelzähne sind mantelaußenwandig des Bohrkopfes angeordnet und bilden die Vorschnittkante. Durch die radial vorstehende Anordnung der einzelnen Zähne sind zwischen diesen bevorzugt axial ausgerichtete Freiräume geschaffen. Hierzu ist weiter vorgesehen, daß die einzelnen Zähne aus Hartmaterial bestehen und in Aufnahmetaschen des Bohrkopfes mit radialem und axialem Überstand eingelötet sind. Der Zylinderkopfbohrer wird demzufolge in aufeinanderfolgenden Arbeitsgängen hergestellt. Zunächst wird der Bohrkopf mit seiner Hauptschneide und den den Bohrkopf schräg durchdringenden Spankanälen einstückig aus Vollmaterial herausgearbeitet. Hiernach erfolgt ein Einsetzen und Verlöten von Einzelzähnen in Aufnahmetaschen, die in die zylindrisch gekrümmte Mantelwand eingearbeitet sind. Die Aufnahmetaschen sind derart bemessen, daß die eingesetzten Einzelzähne sowohl mit radialem als auch mit axialem Überstand an dem Bohrkopf fixiert sind. Durch den axialen Überstand ist die Vorschnittkante gebildet. Durch den radialen Überstand der Einzelzähne ist zwischen zwei benachbarten Einzelzähnen ein Freiraum geschaffen. Die ansonsten glattwandige Mantelwandung des Bohrkopfes ist somit durch die hervorstehenden Einzelzähne unterbrochen. Dies hat eine geringere Erwärmung des Bohrkopfes während des Bohrvorganges zur Folge. Schließlich erweist es sich als vorteilhaft, daß die Aufnahmetaschen einen schwalbenschwanzförmigen Einsteckquerschnitt für jeweils einen Einzelzahn besitzen. Durch diese Maßnahme ist in einfachster Weise eine Vorfixierung der Einzelzähne an dem Bohrkopf gegeben, dies ohne weitere Befestigungsmittel in Form von Drähten oder dergleichen. Die Einzelzähne weisen einen dem Aufnahmetaschenquerschnitt entsprechenden Querschnitt auf, wobei nach Einstecken eines Einzelzahnes dieser mit Wandabstand in der Aufnahmetasche einliegt. In den so gebildeten Zwischenraum kann nach einem Erwärmen des vormontierten Bohrers das verwendete Silberlot zur endgültigen Fixierung der Einzelzähne einfließen.It is also proposed that the grooves have a rectangular or have a circular cross-section. Will continue suggested that the grooves be open on both sides are. According to the invention, the cylinder head drill Made in one piece from solid material become. The for heat dissipation of the drill head serving grooves are preferably milled out. It is also provided that the pre-cut edge training, arch-shaped pre-cutter one has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape, that of a formed on the back of the shell wall hollow surface is. The jacket wall recesses according to the invention preferably extend to the pre-cut edge, which is due to the wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape of the arched running pre-cutter tooth-like pre-cutter segments be cut free. Due to the tooth gap-like Structure of the pre-cut edge is also counteracting heating of the drill head during drilling. It is also advantageous that the free cut surfaces The main cutting edge levels are that, in essence cut the respective hollow surface at right angles. The aforementioned openings open into these cut-out areas Chip channels of the cylinder head drill. In an advantageous Training is provided that the pre-cut edge in the area between two neighboring ones Grooves have a free cut. The tooth gap-like Pre-cut edge sets due to this training during the drilling process, only point by point on the material to be machined Workpiece on. Through the selected free cut in the area of a cut free between two adjacent grooves Pre-cut tooth is an improved one Cutting property in the area of the pre-cut edge and secondly given less warming. In an alternative embodiment of the subject matter of the invention it is intended that the bulges from radial protruding tooth sections of individual teeth are. These individual teeth are wall-outer arranged of the drill head and form the pre-cut edge. Due to the radially protruding arrangement of the individual Teeth are preferably axially aligned between them Freedom created. For this purpose, it is further provided that the individual teeth are made of hard material and in receiving pockets of the drill head with radial and axial protrusion are soldered. The cylinder head drill is consequently in successive operations manufactured. First, the drill head is with its main cutting edge and the one that penetrates the drill head at an angle Chip channels in one piece from solid material worked out. This is followed by insertion and soldering of Single teeth in pockets, which are in the cylindrical curved jacket wall are incorporated. The pockets are dimensioned such that the individual teeth used both with radial as well as axial projection on the Drill head are fixed. Because of the axial projection the pre-cut edge is formed. Due to the radial projection the single tooth is between two neighboring ones Individual teeth created a free space. Otherwise is thus smooth-walled jacket wall of the drill head interrupted by the protruding individual teeth. This has less heating of the drill head during the drilling process. Finally it turns out it is advantageous that the receiving pockets one dovetail-shaped cross section for each have a single tooth. By this measure is a simple way to pre-fix the individual teeth given on the drill head, this without additional fasteners in the form of wires or the like. The individual teeth have a cross section of the receiving pocket corresponding cross-section, whereby after Insert a single tooth with a wall clearance in the receiving bag lies in. In the space thus formed can be after heating the pre-assembled The silver solder used for final fixation of the individual teeth.

Nachfolgend ist die Erfindung anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung, welche jedoch lediglich mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele darstellt, näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
einen erfindungsgemäßen Zylinderkopfbohrer in Form eines Forstner-Bohrers, in perspektivischer Darstellung eine erste Ausführungsform betreffend;
Fig. 2
den Forstner-Bohrer gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Seitenansicht;
Fig. 3
den Forstner-Bohrer gemäss Fig. 1 in einer Stirnansicht;
Fig. 4
den Längsschnitt durch den Forstner-Bohrer gemäß der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
einen erfindungsgemäßen Forstner-Bohrer in einer Seitenansicht, eine zweite Ausführungsform betreffend;
Fig. 6
die Stirnansicht auf den Forstner-Bohrer gemäß der Ausführungsform in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7
den Längsschnitt durch den Forstner Bohrer gemäß der Linie VII-VII in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8
in einer dritten Ausführungsform die Seitenansicht auf einen mit Einzelzähnen bestückten Forstner-Bohrer;
Fig. 9
die Stirnansicht auf den Forstner-Bohrer gemäß der Ausführungsform in Fig. 8;
Fig. 10
den Längsschnitt durch den Forstner Bohrer gemäß der Linie X-X in Fig. 9.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the attached drawing, which, however, only represents several exemplary embodiments. It shows:
Fig. 1
a cylinder head drill according to the invention in the form of a Forstner drill, in perspective view relating to a first embodiment;
Fig. 2
the Forstner drill according to Figure 1 in a side view.
Fig. 3
the Forstner drill according to Figure 1 in an end view.
Fig. 4
the longitudinal section through the Forstner drill along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5
a Forstner drill according to the invention in a side view, relating to a second embodiment;
Fig. 6
the front view of the Forstner drill according to the embodiment in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7
the longitudinal section through the Forstner drill along the line VII-VII in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8
in a third embodiment, the side view of a Forstner drill equipped with individual teeth;
Fig. 9
the front view of the Forstner drill according to the embodiment in Fig. 8;
Fig. 10
the longitudinal section through the Forstner drill along the line XX in Fig. 9th

Dargestellt und beschrieben ist zunächst mit Bezug zu Fig. 1 ein als Forstner-Bohrer ausgebildeter Zylinderkopfbohrer 1, welcher sich im wesentlichen aus einem Einspannschaft 2 und einem von diesem getragenen Bohrkopf 3 zusammensetzt. Letzterer ist im wesentlichen zylindrisch ausgebildet und besitzt eine im wesentlichen diametral sich über den gesamten Kreisquerschnitt erstreckende Hauptschneide 4 mit einer Zentrierspitze 5.Is shown and described initially with reference to Fig. 1 designed as a Forstner drill cylinder head drill 1, which essentially consists of a Clamping shank 2 and a drill head carried by this 3 composed. The latter is essentially cylindrical and has one essentially diametrically over the entire circular cross-section extending main cutting edge 4 with a centering tip 5.

Die Hauptschneide 4 ist durch die Zentrierspitze 5 unterbrochen, wobei sich jedem Hauptschneidenabschnitt 4' und 4'' ein zur Außenwandung 6 des Bohrkopfes 3 hin offener, den Bohrkopf 3 schräg durchdringender Spankanal 7 anschließt.The main cutting edge 4 is through the centering tip 5 interrupted, with each major cutting section 4 'and 4' 'towards the outer wall 6 of the drill head 3 Open chip channel penetrating the drill head 3 at an angle 7 connects.

Jedem mantelwandaußenseitigen Ende der Hauptschneide 4 schließt sich eine mit der Umfangslinie des Bohrkopfes 3 zusammenfallende Vorschnittkante 8 an, welche zur Führung des Bohrers 1 dient. Jede Vorschnittkante 8 reicht, von dem Ende der Hauptschneide 4 ausgehend, bis zum Rand des jeweils anderen Spankanales 7. Bedingt durch die im wesentlichen zylindrische Ausgestaltung des Bohrkopfes 3 ergeben sich somit zylindrisch gekrümmte Vorschnittkanten 8. Each outer wall end of the main cutting edge 4 one closes with the circumference of the drill head 3 coincident pre-cut edge 8, which for Guidance of the drill 1 is used. Each pre-cut edge 8 extends from the end of the main cutting edge 4 to to the edge of the other chip channel 7. Conditional due to the essentially cylindrical design the drill head 3 thus result in a cylindrical shape curved pre-cut edges 8.

Rückseitig der Mantelwand 6 ist, jeweils zugeordnet einer Vorschnittkante 8, eine Hohlfläche 9 ausgebildet. Hieraus ergibt sich jeweils ein, die Vorschnittkante 8 ausbildender, bogenförmig verlaufender Vorschneider 10 mit einer keilförmigen Querschnittsform (vgl. hierzu Fig. 4).The rear of the jacket wall 6 is assigned in each case a pre-cut edge 8, a hollow surface 9 is formed. This results in one, the pre-cut edge 8 forming, arcuate roughing cutter 10 with a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape (cf. Fig. 4).

Die Hauptschneide 4 bzw. die Hauptschneidenabschnitte 4' und 4'' besitzen Freischnittflächen 11, welche eben und stufenlos bis zur Hohlfläche 9 des jeweils in Drehrichtung nachfolgenden Vorschneiders 10 verlaufen, wobei die Freiflächen 11 gegenüber einer Querebene des Bohrkopfes 3 um je einen Winkel von ca. 30° geneigt sind.The main cutting edge 4 or the main cutting edge sections 4 'and 4' 'have free cut surfaces 11, which are flat and continuously up to the hollow surface 9 of each in the direction of rotation following pre-cutter 10, the open spaces 11 with respect to a transverse plane of the Drill head 3 inclined by an angle of approx. 30 ° each are.

Die Spankanäle 7 weisen einen bogenförmig gerundeten Spankanalgrund auf. Der bogenförmige Spankanalgrund ragt hierbei bis in die Freifläche 11 des jeweils anderen Hauptschneidenabschnittes hinein.The chip channels 7 have an arcuate rounded Chip channel base. The arched chip channel base protrudes here to the free area 11 of the other main cutting edge section inside.

Die Ebenen der Freischnittflächen 11 schneiden im wesentlichen die jeweilige Hohlfläche 9 in einem rechten Winkel.The planes of the free cut surfaces 11 essentially cut the respective hollow surface 9 in a right Angle.

Die ansonsten glattwandige Mantelwand 6 ist in dem in den Fig. 1 bis 4 gezeigten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel durch im Querschnitt kreisbogenförmige Nuten 12 unterbrochen. Hierdurch sind radiale Ausbuchtungen 13 ausgeformt, welche in diesem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel Mantelwandvertiefungen bilden.The otherwise smooth-walled jacket wall 6 is in the 1 to 4 shown first embodiment interrupted by grooves 12 of circular arc shape in cross section. As a result, radial bulges 13 are formed, which in this first embodiment Form shell wall recesses.

Die Nuten 12 werden beispielsweise vermittels eines Fingerfräsers oder dergleichen in die Mantelwand 6 eingearbeitet, wobei die Ausrichtung der Nuten 12 so gewählt sein kann, daß diese parallel zur Bohrerachse x-x verlaufen. Wie aber insbesondere in Fig. 2 zu erkennen, wird eine Ausrichtung bevorzugt, bei welcher die Nuten 12 geneigt zur Achse x-x ausrichtet sind. In dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist hier ein Winkel Alpha von ca. 20° gewählt.The grooves 12 are, for example, by means of one Finger cutter or the like in the jacket wall 6 incorporated, the orientation of the grooves 12 so can be chosen to be parallel to the drill axis run x-x. However, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 2, an orientation is preferred in which the Grooves 12 are aligned inclined to the axis x-x. By doing The embodiment shown here is an angle alpha of approx. 20 °.

Die Nuten 12 sind beiderrandseitig offen ausgebildet, das heißt, sie erstrecken sich über die in Achsrichtung betrachtete gesamte Bohrerkopfhöhe, womit sich aufgrund der im Querschnitt keilförmigen Ausbildung der Vorschneider 10 vereinzelte, zahnartige Vorschneidersegmente 14 ausbilden. Im Bereich der Durchdringung von Nuten 12 und Vorschneidern 10 ergeben sich eulipsenartige Freischnitte 15.The grooves 12 are open on both sides, that is, they extend in the axial direction considered total drill head height, which is due to the wedge-shaped cross-section of the pre-cutter 10 isolated, tooth-like pre-cutter segments 14 train. In the area of the penetration of grooves 12 and pre-cutters 10 result in eulipsis Open cuts 15.

Weiter ist jede Vorschnittkante 8 im Bereich zwischen zwei benachbarten Nuten 12, das heißt im Bereich eines Vorschneidersegmentes 14, mit einem Freischnitt 16 versehen, womit die Vorschnittkanten 8 lediglich punktuell das zu bearbeitende Werkstück berühren.Furthermore, each pre-cut edge 8 is in the area between two adjacent grooves 12, that is in the area of one Pre-cutter segment 14, provided with a free cut 16, with which the pre-cut edges 8 only selectively touch the workpiece to be machined.

Durch die in dia Mantelwand 6 eingearbeiteten Nuten 12 wird der vorteilhafte Effekt erzielt, daß sich der Forstner-Bohrer 1 beim Bohren weniger erwärmt. Weiter wirkt sich diesbezüglich auch die Vereinzelung von Vorschneidersegmenten 14, welche bevorzugt noch mit Freischnitten 16 versehen sind, vorteilhaft auf die Wärmeentwicklung aus.Through the grooves 12 machined in the jacket wall 6 the advantageous effect is achieved that the Forstner drill 1 warmed less during drilling. Further the separation of Pre-cutter segments 14, which are preferably also with Open cuts 16 are provided, advantageously on the Heat development.

In den Fig. 5 bis 7 ist in einer zweiten Ausführungsform ein Forstner-Bohrer 1 dargestellt, welcher gleich dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel mit Ausbuchtungen 13 in Form von Nuten 12 im Bereich der Mantelwandung 6 versehen ist. Hier ist jedoch eine im wesentlichen rechteckige Querschnittform der Nuten 12 gewählt. Weiter sind die Nuten 12 parallel zur Bohrerachse x-x ausgerichtet.5 to 7 is in a second embodiment a Forstner drill 1 is shown, which is the same the first embodiment with bulges 13 in Form of grooves 12 provided in the region of the jacket wall 6 is. However, here is an essentially rectangular one Cross-sectional shape of the grooves 12 selected. Are further the grooves 12 aligned parallel to the drill axis x-x.

Auch diese Nuten 12 sind beiderrandseitig offen ausgebildet, womit sich wiederum im Bereich der Vorschnittkanten 8 vereinzelte, zahnartige Vorschneidersegmente 14 ausbilden. Auch hier werden, bedingt durch die im Querschnitt keilförmige Ausbildung der Vorschneider 10, Freischnitte 15 gebildet.These grooves 12 are also open on both sides, which in turn is in the area of the pre-cut edges 8 isolated, tooth-like pre-cutter segments 14 train. Here too, due to the im Cross-section wedge-shaped design of the pre-cutter 10, Free cuts 15 formed.

In den beiden zuvorbeschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen sind die Ausbuchtungen 13 bzw. Nuten 12 jeweils durchgehend, das heißt beiderrandseitig offen, ausgebildet. Es sind jedoch auch Ausführungen denkbar, bei welchen die Ausbuchtungen 13 einseitig oder beidseitig geschlossen ausgebildet sind. Die Ausbuchtungen 13 bzw. Nuten 12 dienen lediglich zur Verringerung der Wärmeentwicklung im Bereich des Bohrkopfes 3 und nicht zu Spanabfuhr. Letztere erfolgt über die im wesentlichen zentral angeordneten Spankanäle 7. Hierdurch bedingt, kann die Ausformung und Ausrichtung der Ausbuchtungen 13 frei gewählt werden.In the two previously described embodiments the bulges 13 and grooves 12 are continuous, that is, open on both sides, trained. It However, versions are also conceivable in which the Bulges 13 closed on one or both sides are trained. The bulges 13 and grooves 12 only serve to reduce the heat development in the area of the drill head 3 and not for chip evacuation. The latter takes place over the essentially centrally arranged Chip channels 7. Due to this, the formation and alignment of the bulges 13 freely chosen become.

Ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ist in den Fig. 8 bis 10 dargestellt. Entgegen den zuvorbeschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen ist hier die Mantelwand 6 des Bohrkopfes 3 nicht von nutartigen Ausbuchtungen unterbrochen. Vielmehr ist die Ausbildung hier so gewählt, daß die Ausbuchtungen 13 von radial vorstehenden Zahnabschnitten von Einzelzähnen 17 gebildet sind. Demzufolge ist die Mantelwand 6 nicht von Vertiefungen sondern von Vorsprüngen unterbrochen. A third embodiment of the invention Solution is shown in FIGS. 8 to 10. opposite the previously described embodiments are here the jacket wall 6 of the drill head 3 is not groove-like Bulges interrupted. Rather is training chosen here so that the bulges 13 from radial projecting tooth sections formed by individual teeth 17 are. Accordingly, the jacket wall 6 is not of Depressions but interrupted by protrusions.

Die Einzelzähne 17 bestehen aus einem Hartmaterial und sind aufgenommen in Aufnahmetaschen 18 des Bohrkopfes 3.The individual teeth 17 consist of a hard material and are accommodated in pockets 18 of the drill head 3.

Die Aufnahmetaschen 18 sind im radialen Außenbereich der Vorschneider 10 zur Mantelaußenwandung und zur Stirnfläche des Bohrkopfes 3 hin offen ausgebildet und besitzen einen schwalbenschwanzförmigen Einsteckquerschnitt. Die Einzelzähne 17 weisen einen dem Einsteckquerschnitt der Aufnahmetaschen 18 angepaßten Querschnitt auf. Die axiale Länge und die radiale Tiefe einer jeden Aufnahmetasche 18 ist so gewählt, daß ein eingesteckter Einzelzahn 17 mit radialem Überstand a und axialem Überstand b gehaltert ist.The receiving pockets 18 are in the radial outside area the pre-cutter 10 for the outer casing wall and End face of the drill head 3 is open and have a dovetail-shaped cross section. The individual teeth 17 have an insertion cross section the receiving pockets 18 adapted cross-section on. The axial length and the radial depth each receiving pocket 18 is selected so that a inserted single tooth 17 with radial projection a and axial projection b is supported.

Durch die schwalbenschwanzförmigen Querschnitte ist eine Vormontage ermöglicht. Hierzu werden die Einzelzähne 17 in die entsprechenden Aufnahmetaschen 18 der die Vorschneider 10 bildenden Mantelwand 6 eingesteckt. Hiernach wird die vormontierte Einheit erwärmt, womit ein die Verbindung letztlich herstellendes Silberlot in die Zwischenräume zwischen Einzelzahnwandung und Aufnahmetaschenwandung einfließen kann.Due to the dovetail cross sections enables pre-assembly. For this, the single teeth 17 in the corresponding pockets 18 of the Pre-cutter 10 forming jacket wall 6 inserted. Then the pre-assembled unit is heated, with what a silver solder ultimately establishing the connection in the spaces between the single tooth wall and the receiving pocket wall can flow in.

Die so an dem Bohrkopf 3 fixierten Einzelzähne 17 bilden zusammen die lediglich der Führung des Bohres 1 dienenden Vorschneider 10.Form the individual teeth 17 fixed to the drill head 3 in this way together the only the guidance of the drill 1 serving pre-cutter 10.

Bedingt durch den radialen Überstand a ergeben sich zwischen zwei benachbarten Einzelzähnen 10 radiale Freizonen 19, welche dem gleichen Zwecke dienen wie die Nuten 12 der beiden zuvorbeschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen. Die gebildeten Freizonen 19 wirken sich hinsichtlich der Wärmeentwicklung des Bohrkopfes 3 beim Bohrvorgang positiv aus. Dieser Effekt wird noch dadurch unterstützt, daß die als Vorschneider dienenden Einzelzähne 17 stirnseitig ausgespitzt ausgebildet sind und somit einen Vorschneider bilden, welcher lediglich punktartig auf das zu bearbeitende Werkstück trifft.Due to the radial projection a 10 radial between two adjacent individual teeth Free zones 19, which serve the same purpose as that Grooves 12 of the two previously described embodiments. The free zones 19 formed have an effect the heat development of the drill head 3 at Drilling process positive. This effect is still there supports that serving as pre-cutter Individual teeth 17 are pointed at the front and thus form a pre-cutter, which only punctually hits the workpiece to be machined.

Claims (11)

  1. A cylindrical boring tool (1), for example a Forstner boring tool, special-purpose boring tool (Kunstbohrer) or the like, with a main cutting edge (4) having a centring point and extending essentially diametrically across the entire circular cross-section or the boring head (3), such main cutting edge (4) having clearance surfaces (11) and, adjacent to it, chip flutes (7) which are open towards the outer periphery of the boring head (3) and extending obliquely through the latter, wherein each end of the main cutting edge (4) is adjacent to a precutting edge coinciding with the circumference of the boring head (3), which merely serves for guiding the boring tool (1), such precutting edge (8) extending to the end of the opposite chip flute (7) and constituting the peripheral edge of an essentially cylindrically curved outer wall (6) of the boring head (3), characterized in that the otherwise smooth surface of the outer wall (6) is interrupted by radial throats (13).
  2. A cylindrical boring head as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the throats (13) are recesses in the outer wall.
  3. A cylindrical boring head as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the recesses in the outer wall form grooves (12) which are parallel to the axis or angled with respect to the axis.
  4. A cylindrical boring head as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the grooves (12) have a rectangular or part-circular cross-section.
  5. A cylindrical boring head as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the grooves (12) are open at both ends.
  6. A cylindrical boring head as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the arcuate precutter (10) forming the precutting edge (8) has a wedge-shaped cross-section formed by a recessed or hollow surface (6) located at the rear of the outer wall (6).
  7. A cylindrical boring head as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the clearance surfaces (11) of the main cutting edge (4) are planes intersecting the respective recessed or hollow surface (9) at essentially right angles.
  8. A cylindrical boring head as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the precutting edge (8) is provided with a relief (16) between two adjacent grooves (12).
  9. A cylindrical boring head as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the throats (13) are formed by radially projecting tooth portions of individual teeth (17).
  10. A cylindrical boring head as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the individual teeth (17) are made of a cemented carbide material and are soldered in place within locating pockets (18) in the boring head (3) with a radial projection (a) and an axial projection (b).
  11. A cylindrical boring head as claimed in one or more of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the locating pockets (18) have a dovetail-shaped cross-section for inserting one individual tooth (17) each.
EP97122890A 1997-01-24 1997-12-24 Drill with cylindrical head Expired - Lifetime EP0855257B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702423 1997-01-24
DE19702423A DE19702423B4 (en) 1997-01-24 1997-01-24 Cylinder head drills

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EP0855257A2 EP0855257A2 (en) 1998-07-29
EP0855257A3 EP0855257A3 (en) 1999-07-14
EP0855257B1 true EP0855257B1 (en) 2000-08-16

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US (1) US5975814A (en)
EP (1) EP0855257B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE195457T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2227820C (en)
DE (2) DE19702423B4 (en)
DK (1) DK0855257T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2151221T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5975814A (en) 1999-11-02
CA2227820C (en) 2001-10-23
DE19702423A1 (en) 1998-08-06
EP0855257A3 (en) 1999-07-14
DE19702423B4 (en) 2009-11-12
EP0855257A2 (en) 1998-07-29
DE59702198D1 (en) 2000-09-21
CA2227820A1 (en) 1998-07-24
ATE195457T1 (en) 2000-09-15
ES2151221T3 (en) 2000-12-16
DK0855257T3 (en) 2000-12-18

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