EP0852551B1 - Propulsion and steering unit for a vessel - Google Patents

Propulsion and steering unit for a vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0852551B1
EP0852551B1 EP96933671A EP96933671A EP0852551B1 EP 0852551 B1 EP0852551 B1 EP 0852551B1 EP 96933671 A EP96933671 A EP 96933671A EP 96933671 A EP96933671 A EP 96933671A EP 0852551 B1 EP0852551 B1 EP 0852551B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torpedo
rudder
propulsion
horn
propeller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96933671A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0852551A1 (en
Inventor
Svein O. Halstensen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WAERTSILAE PROPULSION NORWAY AS
Original Assignee
JOHN CRANE-LIPS NORWAY AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by JOHN CRANE-LIPS NORWAY AS filed Critical JOHN CRANE-LIPS NORWAY AS
Publication of EP0852551A1 publication Critical patent/EP0852551A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0852551B1 publication Critical patent/EP0852551B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/28—Other means for improving propeller efficiency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/38—Rudders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/38—Rudders
    • B63H25/381—Rudders with flaps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a propulsion and steering unit for a vessel comprising an integrated propeller/torpedo/rudder arrangement, wherein the torpedo is a part of a rudder horn fixedly mounted in a ship, and where the maximum diameter of the torpedo is greater than the diameter of a propeller hub.
  • the main objective of the present invention which relates to an integrated system consisting of rudder, torpedo and propeller, is to improve propulsion efficiency and manoeuvring characteristics in relation to ships having conventional systems with separate rudder and propeller.
  • British Patent Application No. 762,445 makes known different types of the traditional Costa bulb, which have greater maximum diameter than the propeller hub, and which are arranged on the rudder behind the propeller.
  • the water flow between the hub and the front edge of the bulb will take place in such manner that the resistance of the bulb will increase.
  • the solutions described are designed according to the principle that contraction of the propeller slip stream is wholly or partly eliminated by locating the front edge of the bulb close to the after end of the propeller blades.
  • GB 762,445 discloses a propulsion and steering unit for a vessel comprising an integrated propeller/torpedo/rudder arrangement, wherein the torpedo is a part of a rudder horn fixedly mounted in the ship, and where the maximum diameter of the torpedo is greater than the diameter of the propeller hub.
  • British Patent Publication No. 385607 makes known bodies mounted behind the propeller hub in such manner that in the case of fixed propellers they represent an extension of the propeller hub. Forward of these propeller hub extensions are openings to receive the nut at the rear of the fixed propeller. The diameter of these propeller hub extensions is not greater than that of the hub and therefore they will not reduce the contraction of the propeller slip stream. The main objective of this known solution is to avoid energy loss caused by cavitation behind the hub.
  • the transition between hub and extension is designed in such a way, though, that the desired effect is not achieved.
  • a more streamlined transition between hub and extension is achieved by increasing the diameter of the propeller hub.
  • An increased hub diameter causes, however, a reduction in the efficiency of the propeller.
  • Norwegian Patent Publication No. 154,262 also makes known the use of bulbs behind the propeller,. which bulbs have a maximum diameter that is greater than the propeller hub.
  • the bulbs are mounted on the moveable rudder blade and have a front edge extending to or ahead of the after end of the propeller hub, and are also combined with reaction fins.
  • the water flow between the hub and the front edge of the bulb will take place in such manner that the resistance of the bulb increases.
  • the present invention provides a propulsion and steering unit for a vessel comprising an integrated propeller/torpedo/rudder arrangement, wherein the torpedo is a part of a rudder horn fixedly mounted in the ship, and where the maximum diameter of the torpedo is greater than the diameter of the propeller hub, characterised in that the propeller hub, together with the torpedo, forms a continuous streamlined body, broken only by a narrow rotation gap, said propeller hub being designed to have a diameter that increases aftward.
  • the rudder may be a semi-balanced horn rudder with a horn needle bearing built into an aft end portion of the torpedo.
  • the rudder blade has a notch substantially adapted to the outer contour of the torpedo profile, so that the rudder can swing freely without coming into contact with the torpedo.
  • the rotation gap between the propeller hub and the torpedo is designed to be conical with the greatest diameter aftward.
  • the rotation gap between the propeller hub and the torpedo is covered with a tear-proof material on one of the sides thereof.
  • the upper edge of the torpedo is equipped with a coupling flange (screw connection) which fits against a corresponding coupling flange in a lower end of the horn, so that a torpedo and horn bearing bracket can be dismounted relatively easily for propeller shaft unshipping.
  • a coupling flange screw connection
  • a portion of the torpedo which is in front of the rudder horn consists of two rings which can be dismounted and mounted relatively easily according to need for access to the aft end of the propeller.
  • the two said rings are preferably designed such that the end surface of each ring is somewhat eccentrically displaced, so that by rotating the rings individually an adjustment of the rotation gap clearing is obtained.
  • the portion of the torpedo which is in front of the rudder horn consists of two semi-cylindrical cover plates, side edges of which are flanged so that they can be screwed together in a vertical plane which passes through an axis of the propulsion system, and an aft end of one of said cover plates is flanged so that it can be screwed to a corresponding flange forward of the aft end portion of the torpedo, and the front edge of the aft end portion of the torpedo is designed like the aft end of the rotation gap.
  • the rudder horn and a rudder case have the same external profile as the rudder blade, and that the rudder horn/rudder case is constructed having a constant cross-section through a skin plate of the ship and is secured thereto, and to the deck in the ship's steering engine room and to vertical braces.
  • Fig. 1 the main components can be seen: a variable pitch propeller 1, a torpedo 2, rudder horn with rudder case 3, and a semi-balanced rudder 4.
  • the propeller and rudder are positioned as on traditional ships.
  • the propeller 1 is shown as a variable pitch propeller, but may also have fixed pitch.
  • the illustrated outer contour 5 of the propeller hub 6 may either be cast in a single piece with the hub or be a screwed-on or shrunk-on adapter ring having a correct outer contour, adapted to an existing hub.
  • the torpedo 2 which has its greatest diameter approximately forward of the rudder horn 3, is located in the extension of the propeller hub 6 and is flanged (screwed) 7 into place on the rudder horn 3.
  • the horn bearing 8 is built into the after end, or aft end, of the torpedo 2.
  • the rudder 4 has a notch 9 which accommodates the after end of the torpedo 2.
  • Fig. 2 shows the second embodiment of the invention where an unbalanced rudder 10 is used.
  • the rudder horn 11 here is extended down to the lower edge of the rudder blade 10, and the horn bearing 12 is located at the very bottom.
  • the rudder horn 11 is split by a horizontal flange 13 above the torpedo 14 (for dismounting purposes) and the lower part of the rudder horn is integrated with the torpedo.
  • the rudder blade can be equipped with flaps, if so desired.
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through the torpedo arrangement in Fig. 1.
  • the propeller hub 6 has a conventional outer contour which has been modified and adapted to the streamlined shape of the torpedo 2 by means of a screwed-on transition ring 5, the after end of which forms one side of the rotition gap 15.
  • the rotation gap 15, as shown in the detailed section, is designed to be conical with the greatest diameter facing abaft. This is to improve the flow conditions over the gap, and also to reduce the effect of any axial deviations between the propeller and torpedo.
  • the torpedo 2 is divided into three parts, a fixed after part, or aft end portion, 16 which is designed to have a flange 17 on the upper side for attachment to the rudder horn 3 by means of flange connection 7, and two detachable concentric rings 18, 19 which are held in place by a dog bolt 20. Forward of the foremost ring 19 there is a shoulder turning upon which a ring 21 of tear-resistant material is placed. This ring, as is apparent from the detailed section, is adapted to the rotation gap 15.
  • the horn bearing boss 22 in the lower horn bearing 8 (Fig. 1) is suspended in a bracket 23 which is structurally integrated into the torpedo 2, i.e., in the torpedo's fixed after part 16.
  • the torpedo may to advantage include two rings 18, 19 which are designed to have eccentrically displaced end surfaces, as is shown in Fig. 4, where the eccentricities are indicated with the letter e.
  • the design of the torpedo has been modified relative to that shown in Figs. 1 and 3, such that the part, or portion, of the torpedo 2 which is in front of the rudder horn 3 consists of two semi-cylindrical cover plates 25, 26 (shown drawn apart from one another), whose side edges are flanged so that they can be screwed together in a vertical plane running through the axis of the propulsion system, and the after end 27 of which (only shown for one cover plate 26) is flanged so that it can be screwed to a corresponding flange in the front edge of the after part of the torpedo, and the front edge of which is designed to be the after part of the rotation gap 15 and forms one of the defining surfaces thereof.
  • the rudder horn and the rudder case 3 have the same external profile as the rudder blade 4, and that the rudder hom/rudder case 3 is constructed with a constant cross-section through the skin plate 28 of the ship and is secured (welded) thereto and also to the deck 29 in the ship's steering engine room and to vertical braces 30.
  • the torpedo may have reaction fins.
  • reaction fins are known, for example, from NO 154,262.
  • a streamlined body termed a torpedo
  • the propeller hub and torpedo are designed so that together they form an optimised streamlined profile, ie., a continuous profile from the front edge of the propeller hub to the aft end of the torpedo, broken only by a narrow gap.
  • the torpedo is mounted fixedly relative to the ship in that it is rigidly secured to the rudder horn. Thus, there is only a minimal rotation gap between the propeller hub (rotating) and the torpedo (stationary). In the case of a variable pitch propeller, the roots of the blades are incorporated into the streamlined profile.
  • One or both surfaces in the rotation gap maybe coated with a tear-proof bearing material.
  • the after part of the torpedo ends behind the axis of the rudder stock, and cuts into the rudder blade, which has a notch corresponding to the outline of the torpedo. A small clearing is included in this notch so that the rudder blade can swing unimpeded whilst the pressure leakage through the gap is minimal on small rudder deflections.
  • the whole system consisting of propeller blades, propeller hub, torpedo, rudder horn, rudder blade, optional flaps and optional fins is integrated and optimised with a view to optimal propulsion efficiency and manoeuvring characteristics.
  • the forward part of the bulb profiles is located behind the propeller centre.
  • the forward part of the bulbs is designed so that the form resistance of the bulb increases and/or is located on a moveable rudder so that the bulb's resistance, and thus the necessary engine output, increase on the small rudder deflections which are necessary to keep the vessel on the planned course.
  • the propulsion and steering unit is designed so that the torpedo and propeller hub form an uninterrupted streamlined profile. This is done to eliminate more efficiently contraction of the propeller slip stream, and also to recover more of the energy loss which is caused by vortex shedding and cavitation behind the propeller hub.
  • the propeller hub together with the torpedo according to the embodiments, constitute a uniform streamlined profile
  • the transition between the propeller hub, torpedo and rudder has been designed such that it is not possible to achieve any appreciable recovery of this increased energy loss caused by more powerful quarter hollow vortices and shedding behind the propeller hub.
  • Radial fins mounted on the surface of the torpedo can, in certain cases, be used to recover more of the rotation energy in the propeller slip stream.
  • the illustrated integrated systems will moreover eliminate hub vortices/shedding behind the hub, and will thus contribute towards a considerable reduction in propeller-induced subsea noise.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
EP96933671A 1995-09-29 1996-09-27 Propulsion and steering unit for a vessel Expired - Lifetime EP0852551B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO953871A NO302515B1 (no) 1995-09-29 1995-09-29 Fremdrifts- og styreenhet for et fartöy
NO953871 1995-09-29
PCT/NO1996/000231 WO1997011878A1 (en) 1995-09-29 1996-09-27 Propulsion and steering unit for a vessel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0852551A1 EP0852551A1 (en) 1998-07-15
EP0852551B1 true EP0852551B1 (en) 2002-02-20

Family

ID=19898613

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96933671A Expired - Lifetime EP0852551B1 (en) 1995-09-29 1996-09-27 Propulsion and steering unit for a vessel

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0852551B1 (es)
AU (1) AU7230696A (es)
DE (1) DE69619388T2 (es)
DK (1) DK0852551T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2170873T3 (es)
NO (1) NO302515B1 (es)
PL (1) PL181883B1 (es)
WO (1) WO1997011878A1 (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104554680A (zh) * 2013-10-11 2015-04-29 中岛螺旋桨株式会社 推进装置

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005021372A1 (en) * 2003-09-01 2005-03-10 Nenad Fles Marine propulsion/steering system comprising single propeller shaft driven with two engines
FI121659B (fi) * 2004-11-29 2011-02-28 Waertsilae Finland Oy Vesialuksen propulsiojärjestelmä
SE531482C2 (sv) * 2005-04-20 2009-04-21 Rolls Royce Ab Arrangemang för framdrivning och styrning av ett fartyg
PL1871659T3 (pl) 2005-04-20 2015-02-27 Rolls Royce Ab Układ napędowy i sterujący dla statku
DE202005018180U1 (de) * 2005-11-18 2007-04-05 IBMV Maritime Innovationsgesellschaft mbH für die gewerbliche Wirtschaft in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Hochlast-Schweberuder
PT2163471E (pt) 2008-09-12 2011-12-15 Waertsilae Netherlands B V Disposição de propulsão e rumo
EP2163472B1 (en) * 2008-09-12 2015-08-26 Wärtsilä Netherlands B.V. Propulsion and steering arrangement
WO2011144239A1 (en) * 2010-05-19 2011-11-24 Wärtsilä Finland Oy Rotational energy recovery appendage
KR101209310B1 (ko) 2011-04-18 2012-12-06 현대중공업 주식회사 프로펠러 회전축에 연결된 방향타를 구비한 선박
KR101291119B1 (ko) 2011-05-26 2013-08-01 삼성중공업 주식회사 선박 추진장치 및 이를 갖춘 선박
JP2014156185A (ja) * 2013-02-15 2014-08-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd プロペラ後流整流装置
CN104386231A (zh) * 2014-11-05 2015-03-04 上海船舶研究设计院 舵吊舱船舶电力推进系统
KR102229272B1 (ko) * 2016-04-21 2021-03-19 재팬 마린 유나이티드 코포레이션 선박의 추진 장치
WO2018001457A1 (en) * 2016-06-28 2018-01-04 Abb Schweiz Ag Propulsion and steering arrangement of a vessel

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US666077A (en) * 1900-07-05 1901-01-15 William Miller Walters Screw-propeller and rudder.
GB762445A (en) * 1954-05-05 1956-11-28 Leo Costa Device for improving the propelling and manceuvrability of screw-propelled vessels
DE3245125C2 (de) * 1981-12-08 1987-03-05 Kawasaki Jukogyo K.K., Kobe, Hyogo Leitvorrichtung für ein Ruder

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104554680A (zh) * 2013-10-11 2015-04-29 中岛螺旋桨株式会社 推进装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0852551T3 (da) 2002-06-03
DE69619388T2 (de) 2002-10-10
NO953871L (no) 1997-04-01
AU7230696A (en) 1997-04-17
PL325870A1 (en) 1998-08-17
NO953871D0 (no) 1995-09-29
WO1997011878A1 (en) 1997-04-03
ES2170873T3 (es) 2002-08-16
EP0852551A1 (en) 1998-07-15
NO302515B1 (no) 1998-03-16
PL181883B1 (pl) 2001-09-28
DE69619388D1 (de) 2002-03-28

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