EP0851127A2 - Diagnostic method and apparatus for vacuum pumps - Google Patents
Diagnostic method and apparatus for vacuum pumps Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0851127A2 EP0851127A2 EP97202185A EP97202185A EP0851127A2 EP 0851127 A2 EP0851127 A2 EP 0851127A2 EP 97202185 A EP97202185 A EP 97202185A EP 97202185 A EP97202185 A EP 97202185A EP 0851127 A2 EP0851127 A2 EP 0851127A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum pump
- frequency
- ftt
- pump
- vibration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
- F04D19/02—Multi-stage pumps
- F04D19/04—Multi-stage pumps specially adapted to the production of a high vacuum, e.g. molecular pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0292—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a diagnostic method and apparatus for vacuum pumps, particularly for vacuum pumps of the turbomolecular type.
- a turbomolecular vacuum pump comprises a plurality of pumping stages housed within a substantially cylindrical casing and provided with an axial inlet port of the sucked gases located at one end, and with a radial or axial exhaust port of the gases located at the opposite end.
- Said pumping stages generally comprise a rotor disk, secured to the rotatable shaft of the pump, that is driven by an electric motor at a speed usually not lower than 25,000 rpm and in case as high as 100,000 rpm.
- the rotor disk rotates within stator rings fastened to the pump casing and defining the stator of the pumping stage, with a very small gap therebetween.
- a pumping channel of the sucked gases In the space between a rotor disk and the associated stator disk it is further defined a pumping channel of the sucked gases.
- the pumping channel defined between the rotor and the stator in each pumping stage communicates with both the preceding and the subsequent pumping stages through a suction port and an exhaust port, respectively, provided through the stator in correspondence of the pumping channel.
- a turbomolecular pump of the above type is disclosed, for example, in EP-A-0 445 855 in the name of the present applicant.
- turbomolecular pump described in EP-A-0 445 855 employes both pumping stages provided with rotors formed as flat disks and pumping stages provided with rotors equipped with blades.
- an external feeding unit For feeding and controlling the electric motor of the vacuum pump there is generally provided an external feeding unit.
- an incorrect alignement of parts rotating at high speed and any unbalance of the rotating components are sources of vibrations capable of leading to an early wear of the bearings.
- Such diagnostic methods provide for analysing quantities of the vacuum pump such as the pump temperature and of the pump current.
- an increase of the current circulating in the vacuum pump motor generally indicates that critical wear conditions have been reached.
- the values of the pump temperature and of the current in the motor are not affected by the wear level of the quickly rotating components only, but also by different factors, in case external to the pump.
- the value di drawn current also depends on the gas load applied to the pump whereas the pump temperature is also a function of the temperature of the surrounding environment.
- At least a plurality of temperature sensors would be required at different locations in the pump, with at least one sensor for the environment temperature and at least one sensor measuring the pressure inside the vacuum chamber.
- Another problem related with the methods of diagnosing the operating conditions of vacuum pumps resides in that even when abnormal values for the controlled quantities are detected through dedicated sensors in the pump, such values do not imply as a necessary circumstance that the pump or parts thereof are to be replaced.
- a second object of the present invention is to realize a diagnostic method and apparatus for vacuum pumps capable of warning the user about the approaching of a failure or fault situation in the pump with such warning being sufficiently in advance but not too early.
- This second object of the present invention is accomplished through the diagnostic method and apparatus for vacuum pumping devices as claimed in claims 8 and 17, respectively.
- a further problem related to the methods for performing diagnostics on the operating conditions in vacuum pumps derives from the fact that a diagnosis has to be carried out with a constant degree of reliability even when the environment conditions in which the pump operates change.
- a third object of the present invention is therefore to provide a diagnostic method and apparatus for vacuum pumping devices that are capable of being quickly adjusted to meet different operating conditions.
- This third object of the present invention is accomplished through a diagnostic method for vacuum pumping devices as claimed in claim 9.
- a turbomolecular vacuum pump indicated as a whole by reference 100 comprises a substantially cylindrical casing 101 having a first portion 101a with a smaller cross section and housing an electric motor 121 and a bearing 122 for supporting a rotatable shaft 123, and a second portion 101b, with a larger cross section and housing the gas pumping stages.
- Rotor disks 113 having flat surfaces and rotor disks 114 equipped with blades are mounted to the rotatable shaft 123 of the vacuum pump 100, said disks cooperating with stator rings 115 and 116, respectively, that are secured to the casing 101 of the pump 100, and forming with them gas pumping channels.
- the casing portion 101a is further provided with an axial port 119 located at one end thereof for sucking the gases, and with a radial port (not shown) for exhausting the gases, located at the opposite end.
- the turbomolecular pump 100 is further provided with an annular protruding ring or flange 110 with peripherally spaced holes 117 for securing the turbomolecular pump 100 to a vessel or chamber (not shown) in which vacuum is to be created.
- a cylindrical extension 118 is provided on casing 101, on the opposite side with respect to the flange 110, in correspondence of the base of said first smaller portion 101a, such extension being due to the presence within the pump 100 of the lower bearing.
- a second bearing for supporting the shaft 123 is generally located between the motor 121 and the pumping stages housed in the portion 101b.
- FIG. 2 With reference to the block diagram of Figure 2 there is illustrated a diagnostic apparatus in accordance with the present invention applied to a vacuum pump 100.
- the vacuum pump that is schematically illustrated in Figure 2 comprises a first portion having a smaller cross section, indicated by the same reference 101a as used in Figure 1 and housing the motor 121 and the lower bearing 122 for supporting the rotatable shaft 123, and a second portion having a larger cross section and indicated by the same reference 101b as used in Figure 1, and housing the gas pumping stages.
- the diagnostic apparatus of Figure 2 comprises a temperature sensor 30, adapted to produce an electrical signal the intensity of which is proportional to the temperature measured on the vacuum pump 100.
- This temperature sensor 30 is preferably located in correspondence with the axial extension 118 of the portion 101a of the casing 101 of the vacuum pump 100.
- a second temperature sensor can be provided for measuring the temperature in another area of the pump body, for example the area of the second bearing located between the pumping stages and the pump motor 121.
- the diagnostic apparatus in accordance with the invention further provides for a vibration transducer 31 such as an accelerometer, a velocimeter, a position sensor or the like, adapted to generate an electric signal having an intensity that is proportional to an acceleration, a speed or a displacement measured in correspondence of the rotatable components of the vacuum pump 100.
- a vibration transducer 31 such as an accelerometer, a velocimeter, a position sensor or the like, adapted to generate an electric signal having an intensity that is proportional to an acceleration, a speed or a displacement measured in correspondence of the rotatable components of the vacuum pump 100.
- such transducer 31 can be a piezoelectric accelerometer, preferably disposed in contact with the body of the vacuum pump 100 at one of its portions housing the support bearings of the rotatable shaft 123.
- the frequency of the induced vibrations substantially corresponds to the rotation frequency
- An accelerometer is a device capable of measuring the acceleration amount of a vibrating surface on which the device is disposed.
- Figure 2 additionally shows a control and feeding unit 20, leads 21 for feeding said control unit 20 through the public power distribution network, and leads 22 for feeding the vacuum pump 100 through said control unit 20.
- the diagnostic apparatus of the present invention further comprises a processing unit 40 receiving the signal from said transducer 31 on the vacuum pump 100, through a lead 33.
- the output signal of said temperature sensor 30 is applied to the control unit 20 through leads 32 and is rendered available as an output signal on a serial communication port of this unit 20.
- control and feeding unit 20 further supplies a plurality of signals related to significant operating parameters of the vacuum pump 100.
- these signals are proportional to the feeding voltage applied to the electric motor, preferably a three-phase A.C. asynchronous motor that drives the vacuum pump 100, such voltage being supplied by said control and feeding unit 20 (WOMO signal), to the current circulating in the electric motor of the vacuum pump 100 (CUMO signal), to the drive frequency of said electric motor (FRMO signal), to the type of the cooling system of the vacuum pump 100 i.e. an air cooled or a water cooled system, (WACO signal), and to the overall operating condition of the vacuum pump, i.e. "normal", "loaded” or at "low speed” (STATUS signal).
- WOMO signal three-phase A.C. asynchronous motor that drives the vacuum pump 100
- CUMO signal current circulating in the electric motor of the vacuum pump 100
- FRMO signal drive frequency of said electric motor
- WACO signal air cooled or a water cooled system
- the above signals are applied through a serial data transmission line 34 to the processing unit 40 that is in turn equiped with a serial communication port 45.
- the processing unit 40 comprises a microprocessor 41, a first memory device 42 storing the control instructions for the microprocessor 41, a second memory device di 43 storing predetermined threshold values of the characteristic parameters of the moving parts of the vacuum pump 100, and a third memory device 44, for periodically storing the values of said characteristic parameters of the moving parts of the vacuum pump 100.
- the microprocessor 41 is connected to the above memory devices 42 to 43 through data transmission "buses", indicated in Figure 3 by the references 46 to 48, respectively.
- Microprocessor 41 is further provided with an additional data transmission "bus" 49 for communicating outside the processing unit 40, through the serial communication port 45 provided on such unit.
- the diagnostic apparatus of the present invention further comprises devices (not shown) for the visual and/or audio warning signals that are activated by a signal generated by the microprocessor 41 upon reaching predetermined pre-alarm or alarm conditions.
- Additional means can be provided for shut off the electric feeding to the vacuum pump upon reaching a predetermined alarm condition.
- control logic of the diagnostic method in accordance with the invention is implemented through a sequence of instructions stored in the first memory device 42 for controlling of the microprocessor working.
- step or logic block 200 the microprocessore 41 receives, through the STATUS signal from the control and feeding unit 20, information relating to the working condition of the vacuum pump 100, such as "normal", “loaded” or “low speed” conditions.
- control is returned to the logic block 200 for a further acquisition of the STATUS signal.
- T bs T est + (C p * W p ) + (C b * W b )
- T c T est + [(C p * (W t - W b )] + (C b * W b ).
- the power W b dissipated by the pump bearing(s) and the dimensional constant C b of the bearing(s) are variable but known for a given bearing since they do not depend on the amount of gas (load) sucked by the pump.
- the maximum allowable value is used as room temperature.
- the microprocessor 41 receives data relating to the vibration acceleration of the vacuum pump rotatable components, generated by the accelerometer 31.
- the data acquisition of the acceleration data is such as to generate two signals ACQSL and ACQSH for frequencies between 0 and 2,000 Hz, and between 0 and 12 kHz, respectively.
- Fig.s 5a and 5b show the acceleration levels in the frequency ranges comprised between 0 and 2,000 Hz, and between 0 and 12 kHz, respectively, for a turbomolecular pump.
- the acceleration data acquisition procedure provides the sampling of the analog signal from the accelerometer 31 at a rate that must be at least twice the maximum frequency of the signal for an accurate recovery of the original signal (Nyquist theorem).
- the acquired signals ACQSL and ACQSH are subjected to a FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) algorithm to obtain the envelope of said signals in the corresponding spectral distribution, arranged in frequency order, thus achieving a signal representative of the distribution of the vibration acceleration as a function of the frequency.
- FFT Fast Fourier Transform
- the method of the invention looks for the peak having the maximum amplitude within said operating range [Ft - 50 Hz, Ft + 50 Hz], and the frequency value corresponding to said peak is associated to the experimental rotation frequency F r of the rotor in the vacuum pump.
- a search is performed - over the spectrum obtained through the FFT processing of the acceleration signals - of the peaks corresponding to the experimental vibration frequencies (ftr) of the rotating components and said peaks are then associated to the corresponding typical theoretical frequencies ftt.
- the above search comprises the following steps.
- an operating range [ftt x - n ⁇ f, ftt x + n ⁇ f] is defined, where
- the logic block 265 After calculating the number of ftts within the operating range, the logic block 265 localizes a new operating range [ftt min , ftt max ], within the first operating range.
- Said second operating range is comprised between the minimum and the maximum ftts that are located within the first operating range [ftt x - n ⁇ f, ftt x + n ⁇ f].
- logic block 275 calculates the number NN of ftts that are present in the extended operating range [x min , x max ] selected in the previous logic block 270.
- Logic block 280 calculates the mean amplitude value of the spectrum within the extended operating range [x min , x max ].
- an auxiliary spectrum is formed where the amplitude values within the range [x min , x max ] that are lower than the mean value calculated by the previous logic block 280 are set equal to said mean value.
- Logic block 290 calculates the number NNP of the peaks in the auxiliary spectrum that are located within the extended operating range [x min , x max ].
- the above disclosed procedure illustrated with reference to logic blocks 280 to 290 aims to cancel the spectrum components deriving from the background noise.
- the NNP detected peaks are associated to the NN amplitudes corresponding to the theoretical frequencies ftts in the considered frequency range, in accordance with the principle of associating each theoretical frequency with the peak detected at the nearest frequency.
- logic block 301 associates to the theoretical frequencies ftts in the extended operating range a frequency that has been detected equal to the theoretical one and has an amplitude equal to the bottom level in the range.
- next logic block 303 assigns to each theoretical frequency in the extended operating range [x min , x max ], the peak detected at the nearest fequency.
- Figure 6c illustrates an example relating to such situation where the nearest experimental peak (cross) is associated to the single theoretical frequency (dashed line) present in the considered range.
- logic block 305 associates to each ftt the peak detected at the nearest frequency.
- Figure 6d illustrates an example relating to a situation where NNP ⁇ NN.
- the only experimental peak identified (right cross) is associated with the nearest theoretical frequency (right dashed line) whereas to the remaining theoretical frequency (left dashed line) it is associated the amplitude value corresponding to the bottom (mean) level of the amplitudes (left cross).
- the corresponding associated amplitude is reduced proportionally to the number di ftts to which the same peak has been associated.
- the corresponding amplitude associated to such two ftts will be half of the peak amplitude.
- This second embodiment of the method of the invention is particularly advantageous when using small size pumps on which there are mounted equal bearings having their ftts coincident.
- the amplitude of each peak associated with the ftts is stored so as to generate the following data matrix for the rotor, the lower bearing and the upper bearing.
- Theoretical frequency Detected fr. Peak amplitude F ecc F r A(F r ) f1 or f1 or,r A1(f or,r ) f1 ir f1 rb,r A1(f ir,r ) f1 rb f1 rb,r A1(f rb,r ) f1 c f1 c,r A1(f c,r ) f2 or f2 or,r A2(f or,r ) f2 ir f2 rb,r A2(f ir,r ) f2 rb f2 rb,r A2(f rb,r ) f2 c f2 c,r A2(f c,r
- the amplitudes of the maxima previously associated with the ftts are compared with the reference thresholds contained in the storing device 43 of the processing unity 40.
- Said reference thresholds are determinated on the basis of the spectra obtained for new pumps and used pumps.
- the reference thresholds for the acceleration amplitudes used in the illustrated embodiment were the following: F rot 1.10 m/sec 2 f c upper bearing 0.50 m/sec 2 f c lower bearing 0.34 m/sec 2 ftr comprised between F rot and 8,500 Hz 0.60 m/sec 2 F rot higher than 8,500 Hz 1.20 m/sec 2
- the above thresholds are those for a particular type of pump used in an embodiment, and therefore should be modified to adjust the diagnostic method to pumps of different type by storing suitable values in the storing device 43.
- the calculation of an attention level LEVEL is carried out, when the temperature and vibration safety thresholds have been exceeded by the pump.
- LEVEL ⁇ i [W(i) * FLAG(i)] + W(Temp) *Flag(Temp) where W(i) are the weights assigned to the FLAGs associated with the amplitudes of the vibration spectrum.
- the microprocessor 41 On the basis of the value assumed by the LEVEL signal, at logic block 335 the microprocessor 41 will indicate one of the following operating conditions.
- This condition relates to a normal operating situation that does not require any intervention.
- a second operating condition is indicated when LEVEL ⁇ 3.
- This condition relates to a operating situation that requires a medium-term intervention.
- a third operating condition is indicated when LEVEL>3.
- This condition relates to a operating situation that requires an immediate intervention.
- an alarm level is signalled only when such level is maintained for a given time interval.
- this time interval has been set equal to 60 minutes.
- the parameters relating to the pump working are periodically stored for being subsequentely analyzed and used for modifying the predetermined threshold levels.
- a preliminary analysis step of the vibration spectrum is provided for distinguishing between signals due for example to the presence of two vacuum pumps working one near the other.
- a suitable range is defined containing the two theoretical rotation frequencies. Assuming that F t1 ⁇ F t2 , such range will be, for example, [F t1 - 50 zH, F t2 + 50 zH].
- Figures 7a, 7b and 7c illustrate the spectra relating to a pump rotating at a speed of 680 Hz, an adjacent pump rotating at a speed of 700 Hz as well as the superimposing of the two spectra.
- an alarm level can be defined that is proportional to the difference between the measured amplitude and the theoretical amplitude.
- the diagnostic method of the invention allows to identify - within the vibrational spectrum of the pump - the spectral lines caused by the vibrations of the rotatable components during their rotation and supplies an indication of the pump wear, regardless of environmental disturbances for example those caused by pumps operating nearby, voltage transformers, relais and other sources of vibrations. This has been achieved through an accurate spectral analysis and a combination with further information relating to the working of the vacuum pump but different from the acceleration spectrum, such as the temperature and the current drawn by the electric motor driving the pump.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
PARAMETER | SIGNALS |
Water cooling | WACO |
Current drawn by the motor | CUMO |
Feeding voltage to the motor | VOMO |
Motor drive frequency | FRMO |
Pump temperature | TEBE |
- Ft =
- frequency of the rotor of the vacuum pump;
- for =
- frequency of the bearing outer ring;
- fir =
- frequency of the bearing inner ring;
- frb =
- frequency of the bearing balls;
- fc =
- frequency of the bearing cage (retainer).
- D =
- diameter of trhe bearing balls;
- z =
- number di balls in the bearing;
- dm =
- mean diameter of the bearing;
- α =
- contact angle between the balls and the bearing.
Theoretical frequency | Detected fr. | Peak amplitude |
Fecc | Fr | A(Fr) |
f1or | f1or,r | A1(for,r) |
f1ir | f1rb,r | A1(fir,r) |
f1rb | f1rb,r | A1(frb,r) |
f1c f1c,r | A1(fc,r) | |
f2or | f2or,r | A2(for,r) |
f2ir | f2rb,r | A2(fir,r) |
f2rb | f2rb,r | A2(frb,r) |
f2c f2c,r | A2(fc,r) | A2(fc,r) |
Frot | 1.10 m/sec2 |
fc upper bearing | 0.50 m/sec2 |
fc lower bearing | 0.34 m/sec2 |
Frot and 8,500 Hz | 0.60 m/sec2 |
Frot higher than 8,500 Hz | 1.20 m/sec2 |
W(Temp) | 1 | |
W(Frot) | 1 | |
W(Fc) | 3 | upper bearing |
W(Fc) | 3 | lower bearing |
W(ftr) | 2 |
Claims (20)
- A diagnostic method for preventing faults and failures in a vacuum pump (100), said pump comprising:a casing (101) provided with a suction port (119) and an exhaust port, a first portion (101a) and a second portion (101b) being axiallly defined in said casing,
a plurality of gas pumping stages formed by rotor disks (113, 114) secured to a rotatable shaft (123) of the vacuum pump, said disks cooperating with stator rings (115, 116) secured to said casing of the vacuum pump, said pumping stages being housed inside said second portion (101b) of said casing (101b);an electric motor (121) for driving said rotatable shaft of the vacuum pump, and at least one bearing (122) for supporting said rotatable shaft (123), said motor (121) and at least one bearing (122) being housed inside said first portion (101a) of said casing,
said method being characterized in that it provides the steps of:providing at least one signal representative of the vibration acceleration of the rotatable components of the vacuum pump;transforming said signal representative of the vibration acceleration of the vacuum pump rotatable components into a corresponding spectral distribution arranged in frequency order, thus achieving a signal representative of the amplitude distribution of the vibration acceleration as a function of the frequency;tracing within said spectral distribution the peaks corresponding to the typical vibration frequencies of said rotatable components of the vacuum pump;comparing the amplitudes of said peaks with respective and predetermined reference thresholds;generating an alarm signal when at least one of said reference thresholds is exceeded by the corresponding peak amplitude. - A diagnostic method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step of tracing the peaks corresponding to the typical vibration frequencies of said rotatable components of the vacuum pump, further comprises the steps of:estimating a theoretical rotation frequency (Ftot) of the pump rotor as a function of the excitation frequency (Fecc) of the pump motor, of the current (I) circulating in said motor and of the feeding voltage (V) to the motor;tracing within a predetermined frequency range of said spectral distribution the peak having the maximum amplitude;associating the frequency value corresponding to said maximum amplitude peak to the experimental rotation frequency (Fr) of the vacuum pump rotor;calculating the typical theoretical vibration frequencies (ftt) of said rotatable components of the vacuum pump as a function of said experimental frequency (Fr);tracing, for each of the typical theoretical vibration frequencies (ftt) in said calculated spectral distribution, the peaks relating to the corresponding experimental vibration frequency (Fr).
- A diagnostic method as claimed in claim 2, wherein said predetermined frequency range corresponds to a ±50Hz range centered at said theoretical rotation frequency (Frot) of the rotor.
- A diagnostic method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step of tracing - in said spectral distribution and for each of the theoretical vibration frequencies - the corresponding experimental vibration frequency, further comprises the steps of:tracing in said spectral distribution an operating range for each of the typical theoretical vibration frequencies (ftt) of the rotatable components of the vacuum pump;
locating within said operating range, the peak with the minimum frequency (fttmin) and the peak with the maximun frequency (fttmax);determining on said spectral distribution, for each of the operating ranges, an extended operating range having an extension not smaller than the range delimited by the frequencies corresponding to said peak of minimum frequency (fttmin) and by said peak of maximum frequency (fttmax);calculating the number of theoretical typical vibration frequencies (ftt) located within said extended operating range;associating to each typical theoretical vibration frequency (ftt) located within said extended operating range, the amplitude corresponding to the traced peaks in accordance with the criterion that to each typical theoretical vibration frequency (ftt) there is associated the peak traced at the nearest frequency and for which the peak associated to one or more of said frequencies (ftt) is associated only to the nearest frequency (ftt), while to the remaining frequencies (ftt) there is associated the mean amplitude of the considered extended operating range. - A diagnostic method as claimed in claim 4, wherein said operating range determined for each typical theoretical rotation frequency (ftt) corresponds to a neighborhood of said rotation frequency (ftt) having an extension of ±n .f, where .f is the spectrum resolution and n is an integer comprised between 5 and 10, and wherein said extended operating range corresponds to the range [fttmin - .f, fttmax + .f].
- A diagnostic method as claimed in claim 5, further providing the step of:modifying the content of alarm indicators from the value corresponding to the normal working condition of the vacuum pump into a value corresponding to critical working conditions of said pump when the respective amplitudes exceed said tresholds.
- A diagnostic method as claimed in claim 5, further providing the steps of:providing at least one signal representative of the temperature in said first portion (101a) of the vacuum pump;comparing said at least one signal representative of the temperature in said first portion of the vacuum pump with at least one corresponding reference threshold;modifying the content of at least one alarm indicator from the value corresponding to the normal operating condition of the vacuum pump into a value corresponding to critical operating conditions of said pump when said at least one reference threshold is exceeded by the corresponding at least one signal representative of the temperature.
- A diagnostic method as claimed in claims 6 and 7, further providing the steps of:storing the content of said alarm indicators in storage means;summing the number of the alarm indicators the content of which corresponds to a normal operating condition of the pump;generating a pre-alarm signal when said sum exceeds a pre-alarm threshold, and an alarm signal when said sum exceeds an alarm threshold.
- A diagnostic method as claimed in claim 8, further providing the step of periodically storing the data relating to the vibration theoretical frequencies (ftt), to the corresponding vibration experimental frequencies and to the experimental vibration amplitudes associated with said frequencies vibration experimental frequencies.
- A diagnostic method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of transforming said signal representative of the vibration acceleration of the vacuum pump rotatable components into a spectral distribution is obtained by means of an FFT (Fast Fourier Transform).
- A diagnostic method as claimed in any preceding claims, wherein said vacuum pump is a turbomolecular pump.
- A diagnostic apparatus for preventing faults and failures in a vacuum pump (100), said pump comprising:a casing (101) provided with a suction port (119) and an exhaust port, in which a first portion (101a) and a second portion (101b) are axiallly defined;a plurality of gas pumping stages comprising rotor disks (113, 114) mounted to the rotatable shaft (123) of the vacuum pump and cooperating with stator rings (115, 116) secured to the casing of the vacuum pump 100, said pumping stages being housed in said second portion (101b) of said casing;an electric motor (121) for rotating said rotatable shaft and at least a second bearing (122) for supporting the rotatable shaft (123) of the vacuum pump, said motor (121) and said at least one bearing (122) being housed in said first casing portion (101a);an electronic unit (20) for feeding said electric motor (121) of the vacuum pump (100);
said apparatus comprising:at least a transducer (31) capable of generating an electric signal having an intensity proportional to an acceleration, speed or displacement value as measured at the the rotatable components of the vacuum pump (100);an electronic processing unit (40), comprising a microprocessor (41), storage means and communication means for receiving the signal from said transducer (31) and a plurality of signals representative of the operating condition of the vacuum pump output from said electronic feeding unit (20), means for transforming the signal from said transducer (31) into a corresponding spectral distribution arranged in frequency order, thus obtaining a signal representative of the amplitude distribution of the vibration acceleration as a function of the frequency, said processing unit (40) generating a signal representative of the wear condition of the rotatable components of the vacuum pump. - A diagnostic apparatus as claimed in claim 12, further providing communication means (45) for receiving through a communication (34) line said plurality of signals representative of the vacuum pump operating condition from the electronic feeding unit (20).
- A diagnostic apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein said transducer (31) is a piezoelectric accelerometer disposed in contact with the body of the vacuum pump (100) in correspondence of a portion thereof housing the support bearings for the rotatable shaft.
- A diagnostic apparatus as claimed in claim 13, further providing at least a transducer (30) for generating an electric signal having an intensity proportional to the temperature measured in correspondence of rotatable components of the vacuum pump (100).
- A diagnostic apparatus as claimed in claim 14 and 15, wherein said plurality of signals representative of the vacuum pump operating condition from said electronic feeding unit (20) comprises at least:a signal representative of the presence of liquid cooling means for cooling the vacuum pump;a signal representative of the current circulating in the electric motor of the vacuum pump;a signal representative of the feeding voltage to the electric motor of the vacuum pump;a signal representative of the drive of the electric motor of the vacuum pump;a signal representative of the temperature of the vacuum pump.
- A diagnostic apparatus as claimed in claim 16, further providing means indicating a pre-alarm condition and an alarm condition with respect to the wear state of the rotatable components of the vacuum pump.
- A diagnostic apparatus as claimed in any of claims 12 to 17, wherein said vacuum pump is turbomolecular pump.
- A vacuum pump comprising:a casing (101) provided with a suction port (119) and an exhaust port in which a first portion (101a) and a second portion (101b) are axiallly defined;a plurality of gas pumping stages comprising rotor disks (113, 114) mounted to the rotatable shaft (123) of the vacuum pump and cooperating with stator rings (115, 116) secured to the casing of the vacuum pump 100, said pumping stages being housed in said second portion (101b) of said casing;an electric motor (121) for rotating said rotatable shaft and at least a second bearing (122) for supporting the rotatable shaft (123) of the vacuum pump, said motor (121) and said at least one bearing (122) being housed in said first casing portion (101a);an electronic unit (20) for feeding said electric motor (121) of the vacuum pump (100),
wherein there is provided a diagnostic apparatus comprising means for:providing at least a signal representative of the vibration acceleration of the rotatable components of the vacuum pump;transforming said signal representative of the vibration acceleration of the rotatable components of the vacuum pump into a corresponding distribution arranged in frequency order, for obtaining a signal representative of the amplitude distribution of the vibration acceleration as a function of the frequency;tracing within said spectral distribution the peaks corresponding to the typical vibration frequencies of said rotatable components of the vacuum pump;comparing the amplitudes of said peaks with corresponding predeterminated reference thresholds;generating an alarm signal when the corresponding peak amplitude exceeds at least one of said reference thresholds. - A vacuum pump as claimed in claim 19, wherein means are provided to shut off the electric feeding to said pump when a predetermined number of said reference thresholds is exceeded.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITTO961091 | 1996-12-27 | ||
IT96TO001091 IT1289811B1 (en) | 1996-12-27 | 1996-12-27 | METHOD AND DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS FOR VACUUM PUMP. |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0851127A2 true EP0851127A2 (en) | 1998-07-01 |
EP0851127A3 EP0851127A3 (en) | 1999-06-16 |
EP0851127B1 EP0851127B1 (en) | 2003-02-05 |
Family
ID=11415164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19970202185 Revoked EP0851127B1 (en) | 1996-12-27 | 1997-07-12 | Diagnostic method and apparatus for vacuum pumps |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0851127B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69718889T2 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1289811B1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2008012150A1 (en) | 2006-07-26 | 2008-01-31 | Oerlikon Leybold Vacuum Gmbh | Method for determining a statement of a state of a turbomolecular pump and a turbomolecular pump |
GB2507500A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-07 | Edwards Ltd | Vacuum pump with contact detection for back-up bearing |
WO2014068277A1 (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-08 | Edwards Limited | Vacuum pump |
CN106321464A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-11 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Method for diagnosing abrasion of electric oil pump rotor |
US9828992B2 (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2017-11-28 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Vane pumps with vane wear detection |
GB2551337A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-20 | Edwards Ltd | Pump assembly, method and computer program |
EP2314877B1 (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2018-08-22 | Edwards Japan Limited | Vacuum pump |
EP3557072A1 (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-10-23 | Pfeiffer Vacuum Gmbh | Monitoring the bearing assembly of a vacuum pump |
JP2019214993A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-19 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Vacuum pump and diagnosis system |
EP3933355A1 (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2022-01-05 | Alfa Laval Corporate AB | A method for monitoring operating condition of a rotating equipment |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102425563B (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2014-03-12 | 北京中科科仪股份有限公司 | Method and system for synchronously inhibiting subcritical vibration of rotor of magnetic suspension molecular pump |
DE102013223020A1 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-13 | Oerlikon Leybold Vacuum Gmbh | Method for operating a vacuum pump |
FR3117435B1 (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2022-10-28 | Psa Automobiles Sa | METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING A VACUUM GENERATION FAILURE IN A BRAKING AMPLIFIER |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0445855A1 (en) | 1990-03-09 | 1991-09-11 | VARIAN S.p.A. | Improved turbomolecular pump |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2148235T3 (en) * | 1992-08-10 | 2000-10-16 | Dow Deutschland Inc | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE VIBRATIONAL EXCITATION OF AN AXIAL COMPRESSOR. |
DE19511430A1 (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-10-02 | Leybold Ag | Circulation blower, vacuum pump or the like |
-
1996
- 1996-12-27 IT IT96TO001091 patent/IT1289811B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1997
- 1997-07-12 DE DE1997618889 patent/DE69718889T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-12 EP EP19970202185 patent/EP0851127B1/en not_active Revoked
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0445855A1 (en) | 1990-03-09 | 1991-09-11 | VARIAN S.p.A. | Improved turbomolecular pump |
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WO2008012150A1 (en) | 2006-07-26 | 2008-01-31 | Oerlikon Leybold Vacuum Gmbh | Method for determining a statement of a state of a turbomolecular pump and a turbomolecular pump |
EP2314877B1 (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2018-08-22 | Edwards Japan Limited | Vacuum pump |
US9822788B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2017-11-21 | Edwards Limited | Vacuum pump with back-up bearing contact sensor |
WO2014068276A1 (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-08 | Edwards Limited | Vacuum pump with back-up bearing contact sensor |
GB2507500B (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2015-06-17 | Edwards Ltd | Vacuum pump |
CN104781558A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2015-07-15 | 爱德华兹有限公司 | Vacuum pump |
WO2014068277A1 (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-08 | Edwards Limited | Vacuum pump |
GB2507500A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-07 | Edwards Ltd | Vacuum pump with contact detection for back-up bearing |
US10024328B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2018-07-17 | Edwards Limited | Vacuum pump |
CN106321464A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-11 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Method for diagnosing abrasion of electric oil pump rotor |
KR20170005226A (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Method for diagnosis abrasion of electric oil pump rotor |
US9689773B2 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2017-06-27 | Hyundai Motor Company | Method for diagnosing abrasion of electric oil pump rotor |
CN106321464B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2019-09-20 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Method for diagnosing the abrasion of electric oil Pump rotor |
US9828992B2 (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2017-11-28 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Vane pumps with vane wear detection |
WO2017216514A1 (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-21 | Edwards Limited | Pump assembly, method and computer program |
CN109563840A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-04-02 | 爱德华兹有限公司 | Pump assembly, method and computer program |
GB2551337A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-20 | Edwards Ltd | Pump assembly, method and computer program |
CN109563840B (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2021-08-24 | 爱德华兹有限公司 | Pump assembly and method |
TWI751170B (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2022-01-01 | 英商愛德華有限公司 | Pump assembly, method of analysing data received from an accelerometer mounted on a pump and computer program |
JP2019214993A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-12-19 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Vacuum pump and diagnosis system |
JP7006520B2 (en) | 2018-06-14 | 2022-01-24 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Vacuum pump and diagnostic system |
US11359636B2 (en) | 2018-06-14 | 2022-06-14 | Shimadzu Corporation | Vacuum pump and diagnosis system |
EP3557072A1 (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-10-23 | Pfeiffer Vacuum Gmbh | Monitoring the bearing assembly of a vacuum pump |
EP3933355A1 (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2022-01-05 | Alfa Laval Corporate AB | A method for monitoring operating condition of a rotating equipment |
WO2022002548A1 (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2022-01-06 | Alfa Laval Corporate Ab | A method for monitoring operating condition of a rotating equipment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0851127A3 (en) | 1999-06-16 |
ITTO961091A1 (en) | 1998-06-27 |
DE69718889D1 (en) | 2003-03-13 |
IT1289811B1 (en) | 1998-10-16 |
DE69718889T2 (en) | 2003-10-30 |
EP0851127B1 (en) | 2003-02-05 |
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