EP0850871A2 - Process for operating a winch and related apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves winding a cable (3) onto a driven reel (1) and conveying it to at least one drum head (2) turned by a drive mechanism (40,45) and advancing the cable by means of the friction between the cable and drum head. The reel's drive mechanism (5,6) is separately positioned beside the drum head drive mechanism. The reel is driven by the cable's tension force between the reel and drum head. The displacement volume of a hydraulic motor (5) driving the reel is set in relation to the load of the hydraulic motor.

Description

The invention relates to a method for operating a winch, one on a powered reel wound rope fed to at least one capstan head and around this is looped, with a capstan drive the capstan head turns and due to rope friction between rope and capstan head generates the rope feed. The invention further relates on a corresponding winch.

Winches of this type are used, for example Piste grooming devices used as climbing aids to climb steep To be able to climb slopes. The rope is one or more times around the capstan head (s) and is looped by the Reel drum retracted. Due to stiction as a result of The rope is wrapped around the capstan heads by turning the capstan drive of the vehicle.

In a winch known from practice, the reel and the capstan head is equipped with a hydraulic motor, which is operated by a common hydraulic pump are driven. So that is ensures that the rope when driving the capstan head is continuously taken up by the reel and at the same time the required wrapping of the capstan head is maintained. In practice, however, there are problems result in the reel winding. The rope gets very tight the reel is wound up and it can happen that Rope when winding between two turns of a lower one Rope crimped. There is also a risk that the rope not properly moving in the axial direction of the Haspel performed, but disorderly as a bead on one Coil section coiled.

The invention has for its object the generic To improve the process or the associated winch, that the rope can be easily wound on the reel and an effective rope feed for the winch at the same time allows a good drive, with the winch as possible should be easy and safe to use.

This object is achieved with a Generic method, which is characterized in that the reel drive is adjusted separately next to the capstan drive becomes.

So that the reel drive on the function of winding or unwinding of the rope can be optimized so that the Rope can be easily picked up on a reel. Besides that, can the capstan drive according to the required tractive force or Driving force of the vehicle can be optimized. Of the Reel drive ensures sufficient rope tension to ensure that the wrapping of the capstan necessary for driving maintain.

Surprisingly, it has been found in practice that through this separation of the drives in some areas is a good one Winding on the reel is possible. It also results better efficiency, since power losses between Capstan head and reel thanks to the separate adjustment and one possible better coordination is minimized.

While so far in the state of the art it was assumed that the drives from reel and capstan be integrally formed and adjusted need to ensure an optimal interaction of the two elements achieve, the invention shows a way in which separate Adjustments or regulations are used and still a better interaction of the elements is possible.

The reel can be particularly advantageous according to the required tension of the rope between reel and Capstan head are driven. This allows an optimal Reach traction between capstan and reel. she can be coordinated so that sufficient for propulsion There is static friction on the capstan head and sufficient tension for orderly winding of the rope on the reel is available stands. The resilience can be below a critical Area are kept, if exceeded there are problems would give with the winding. The resilience can for example at about 700 N, which for winds of Snow grooming equipment is a suitable value.

In a special way, the displacement volume can connected to a hydraulic motor driving the reel Hydraulic pump depending on the load condition of the hydraulic motor be adjusted. This allows the reel to be driven very good for an optimal tension of the rope between Optimize reel and capstan. If it increases too much The displacement volume can be reduced with rope force, so that the tension does not increase any further. When slack sagging rope can increase the displacement be so that the rope quickly and to the optimal tension is wound up. The load state of the Hydromotor each by the from the reel drum on it transferred resistance. With the help of the hydraulic pump can appropriate adjustment of the drive of the hydraulic motor optimal be adjusted or regulated.

Preferably, the load pressure in one between the Reel driving hydraulic motor and the one driving it Hydraulic pump provided high pressure line at different Load conditions are kept essentially constant. By this measure can drive power very well Taxes. At the same time, it prevents excessive torque occur on the reel. The drive power can at Hydropump very good only by adjusting the Displacement volume can be varied.

As a variant of the invention, the regulation of Reel drive can be switched on separately. This is special when starting the system advantageous because the adjustment or the control must only be switched on when the Rope operation starts. Before that, e.g. a low stand-by pressure can be set. Not until actual winch operation can be switched on by the Reel drive a regulation with the required Use operating pressure to achieve the required Ensure minimum torques.

You may be able to pull the rope off the reel a motor of the reel drive as a resistance-generating pump be operated. This ensures when pulling out the rope a sufficient counterforce that tightens the rope and feeds the capstan head.

In a special embodiment, the capstan drive regardless of the reel drive according to the required rope feed can be controlled. So that can the desired driving force or driving speed of the Control capstan drive separately, so that on the reel drive no consideration has to be taken. He turns himself over independently accordingly. You can push yourself of the winch drive so focus on propulsion.

The displacement volume from one to the other is conceivable Hydraulic motor connected to capstan driving hydraulic motor with the help and separate control of the by the Hydraulic pump generated load pressure can be changed. So can the load pressure can be used to control the pump. Of the Load pressure can then be corresponding in a branch line can be varied and adjusted accordingly same pump can be used.

A reel brake and a Capstan brake when starting the winch drive at the same time be solved. This means that the reel and capstan head are retired locked by the brakes and only when starting the They are released by the winch drive, at the same time the corresponding torques the rope jacking and the Insert rope winding. When the winch drive is stopped, For example, both brakes can intervene again that the rope between capstan and reel is optimal for the next use remains excited.

As a variant of the invention, the brakes can be dependent an operating pressure in a hydraulic line of the Reel drive are operated. The brakes are optional can only be released when an operating pressure in the reel drive is exceeded, so that the reel is only released if there is already sufficient torque to Maintaining the rope tension on the reel drive. The operating pressure serves as a regulation for sufficient Torque. Conversely, the reel brake or also the capstan brake when the operating pressure falls below tight again so that the rope is held in tension becomes.

The brakes may not be released until after torque is applied to the reel. With that the Reel drum loosened and is already at the moment of loosening the right torque for winding and for rope tension to disposal.

In a special way when changing the rope and the Reel a reel brake by non-drive Actuating means are solved. Therefore, the The drive or the vehicle has come to a standstill outside to be changed to change the rope.

In a preferred embodiment, the capstan drive blocked when changing the rope. So that is ensures that the rope advance when changing the rope stands still.

The generic method described at the outset can be made possible, for example, by a generic Winch with a reel driven by a reel drive, can be wound up and unwound on the rope, the rope of the Reel can be fed to and around at least one capstan head is loopable, and a capstan drive turns the capstan head and the rope due to rope friction with the capstan head advances.

With this generic winch, the position arises named task.

This object is achieved by a Generic winch, which is characterized in that the Reel drive provided separately and next to the capstan drive is adjustable separately.

In addition to the advantages described above for the process This results in the possibility of optimally using the reel drive for the reel winding and tensioning function.

Preferably, the reel and capstan can be hydraulic be driven, the reel driving a driving Reel motor with its own reel pump and the capstan head one own driving capstan motor with its own capstan pump having. So that the two hydraulic circuits with Motor and pump ideal for the desired purpose be designed. This also simplifies the constructive Designing the elements as they are for each Purpose can be selected. Pump and hydraulic motor can according to the required pressures and Volume flows can be optimally selected.

Conceivably, the reel pump can be adjustable, but that Adjusting the pump to one depending on the Regulating circuit load state of the reel motor is motion-coupled. With this arrangement, the Reel pump according to the load state of the reel motor be adjusted so that the required rope tension or the torque has a regulating effect on the reel pump. For example, the displacement volume can be corresponding be adjusted.

The control loop may have a switch be switchable. This means that the regulation can be selected be switched on if necessary, e.g. if the Capstan drive is actuated.

Optionally, the load pressure in a between the reel pump and Reel motor provided high pressure line essentially be constant.

The capstan pump can be particularly advantageously adjustable, the actuator of the pump with an outside separately controllable control circuit is motion-coupled. over the separate controller can control the displacement of the Capstan pump can be adjusted so that the capstan drive is set accordingly.

In a preferred embodiment, a reel brake and a cap brake can be provided.

In a special way, reel brake and cap brake be solvable together. They can be released though sufficient drive torque for capstan head or reel for the Propulsion or the tension and winding force is available.

As a variant of the invention, the brakes can be dependent an operating pressure in a hydraulic line of the Reel drive to be detachable. Therefore, the brakes can be released if there is sufficient torque or Tension is available.

Possibly the reel brake can be used with non-drive Actuating means connected to be detachable separately. This can the reel brake even when the vehicle or drive is stationary for maintenance work, e.g. to change the rope, solved will.

Fig. 1

einen Hydraulikschaltplan eines Windenantriebs für eine erfindungsgemäße Winde zum Durchführen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,

Fig. 2

eine vergrößerte Darstellung der linken Hälfte des Hydraulikschaltplans von Fig. 1, getrennt längs der Trennlinie II-II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine vergrößerte Darstellung der rechten Hälfte des Hydraulikschaltplans von Fig. 1, getrennt längs der Trennlinie II-II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 4

eine vergrößerte Ansicht des in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Regelkreises für eine Haspelpumpe und

Fig. 5

eine vergrößerte Ansicht eines in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Steuerkreise für eine Spillpumpe.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained below. Show it:

Fig. 1

a hydraulic circuit diagram of a winch drive for a winch according to the invention for performing the method according to the invention,

Fig. 2

2 shows an enlarged illustration of the left half of the hydraulic circuit diagram of FIG. 1, separated along the dividing line II-II in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

2 shows an enlarged illustration of the right half of the hydraulic circuit diagram of FIG. 1, separated along the dividing line II-II in FIG. 1,

Fig. 4

an enlarged view of the control circuit shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 for a reel pump and

Fig. 5

an enlarged view of a control circuit shown in Figs. 1 and 2 for a capstan pump.

In the drawing is a hydraulic circuit diagram for one winch according to the invention with which the inventive method is feasible. This winch, for example used in snow grooming equipment. 2 and 3 result along the section line II-II drawn in Fig. 1 put together an enlarged view of the Hydraulic circuit diagram of Fig. 1. The following description therefore applies to the figures as a whole.

The winch shown has a drum-shaped reel 1 and two capstan heads 2 arranged parallel to one another. On the reel 1 is wound up a rope 3, whereby one end of the rope 3 from the reel 1 to the capstan heads 2 is taut and wrapped around the capstan heads a few times is. From the capstan head the rope 3 can be used with a free one End at a distant point, not shown be attached.

The reel 1 is via a shaft 4 with a hydraulic motor trained reel motor 5 and is connected by him driven. The reel motor 5 is a constant motor Displacement. The motor 5 is connected to a hydraulic pump trained reel pump 6 shot. The reel pump 6 has two current directions and one adjustable Displacement. Reel motor 5 and reel pump 6 are over a high pressure line 7 and a low pressure line 8 connected together, which together is a separate Form hydraulic circuit. The high pressure line passes through a rotary union 9, for example, by a rotatable extension arm of a piste grooming device can be. In addition to the rotating union 9 there are two opposite quick connectors 10 in the high pressure line 7 provided as actuatable springless check valves are trained. You can by a not shown Switches can be opened in both directions so that the High-pressure line 7 at this point as a continuous line, as shown by the spare line 11 drawn next to it is switched.

Between the rotary union 9 and the reel motor 5 is a 2/2-way valve 12 shown, in the position shown lets through on both sides and in the other position the line locks. The directional valve is spring-loaded and can counter the Spring force can be switched electromagnetically operated. The Directional control valve 12 is bridged by a check valve 13, that blocks in the direction from the pump 6 to the motor 5 and conversely permeable.

The low pressure line 8 leads through a manifold 14 also via the quick coupling 10 and the rotating union 9. A cooler 15 is connected to the manifold, in the via a leak oil line 16 leak oil in no further flows as shown. The cooler is made by one Fan 17 cooled. The fan 17 is from a Hydromotor with a constant current direction Displacement volume designed fan motor 18 driven. The fan motor 18 is connected to the manifold 14 connected.

There is also a filter 19 on the collecting pipe 14 coupled reloaded check valves 20 connected.

The lines shown in broken lines in the drawing frame elements, each in a unit are trained together.

The reel pump 6 is connected to a drive shaft 21, which is driven by a diesel engine, not shown becomes. Near the reel pump 6 branches two lines 22, 23 of the high pressure line 7 from. The line 22 leads to one single acting spring loaded cylinder 24. In the chamber of the cylinder is arranged a compression spring which Pushes the cylinder piston out of the cylinder. Of the Cylinder piston serves as the adjustable organ of the adjustable Reel pump 6. The compression spring loads the reel pump 6 in swinging direction.

The line 22 leads to a single-acting valve Cylinder 25, which is also used as an adjusting element of the reel pump 6 serves and counteracts the cylinder 24. From line 23 branch two 3/2-way valves 26, 27 connected in parallel. A throttle 28 is located behind the branching of the valves 26, 27 provided in line 23. After the throttle 28 opens Line 23 into a tank line leading to a container 29 30. In front of the container 29 is a 2/2-way valve in the tank line 30 31 provided. In the position shown the valve to the container 29 permeable. In the other Position, the valve blocks the tank line 30. The valve 31 is spring loaded on one side and electromagnetic against the Adjustable spring.

One leads from the meeting point of lines 23, 30 Branch line 32 via a throttle 33 to a tank line 34, which leads to a container 29. The valves 26, 27 are against an adjustable spring by the pressure in the Line 23 charged. An outlet port of the valves 26, 27 is with one connected to the piston chamber of the cylinder 25 Chamber line 35 connected. Are in the position shown the valves 26, 27 connected to the tank line 34 and the Line 23 blocked. In the other position of the Valves 26, 27 is the tank line 34 with the chamber line 35 connected and the tank line 34 shut off. The valve 26 opens at a pressure in line 23 of approximately 20 bar, while the valve 27 only at a pressure in the line 23 of about 130 bar opens. However, these pressures are optional changeable by changing the spring load. Between the Valve 27 and cylinder 25 branches a throttle line 36 from, which opens into the tank line 34. In the throttle line 36 two chokes 37 are arranged in series. Between the throttles 37 opens a branch line 38, the from a connecting line 39 of the two valves 26, 27 branches.

Both cylinders 24, 25 are of such dimensions matched to each other that the cylinder 25 the cylinder 26th can oppose a high force, so that the reel pump 6 can be pivoted back. This can be done, for example Selection of the corresponding piston cross-sectional areas achieved will.

Leakage oil from the reel pump 6 is via a separate line and the tank line 35 is discharged to the container 29.

The capstan heads 2 are designed as a hydraulic motor Capstan motor 40 driven. The capstan motor 40 has constant Displacement and two current directions. The capstan heads 2 and the capstan motor 40 are connected to one another via a shaft 41 connected, the shaft via a transmission gear 42 the capstan heads 2 is translated. The transmission gear 42 can be a planetary gear.

Via a load pressure line 43 and a return line 44 the capstan motor 40 with a hydropump Capstan pump 45 connected and driven by it. The Capstan pump 45 has an adjustable displacement volume and two Current directions. The load pressure preferably leads to Winch operation always via the load pressure line 43 Capstan pump 45 is not driven by a drive shaft 46 Diesel engine shown driven. The drive shaft 46 and the drive shaft 21 can be designed as a shaft of which the capstan pump 45 and the reel pump 6 are driven.

The displacement volume of the capstan pump 45 is adjusted via a double-acting, double-sided spring-loaded Cylinder 47 with two-sided piston rod causes. Of the Cylinder 47 serves as an adjustment actuator for capstan pump 45.

The cylinder 47 is actuated by a 4/3-way valve 48 from each with a connection with a piston chamber of the cylinder 47 connected is. The valve 48 is spring-loaded on both sides and Electromagnetically operated adjustable from both sides. Without electromagnetic actuation, it is in the Drawing shown held middle position. In this Both piston chambers with a container 29 are in position connected without current, so that the cylinder 47 in the drawn The middle position is held exclusively by the springs.

In both leading from the cylinder 47 to the valve 48 Lines 49 each have a throttle 50, one Throttle has a smaller passage cross section than that other. Of the connections opposite the cylinder 47 of the valve 48 leads a connection directly into a container 29. The other connection leads via a pressure line 51 via a Throttle 52 to a container 29. Before the throttle 29 branches an intermediate line 53. The intermediate line 53 branches in two arms 54, one of which is the intermediate line 53 with the load pressure line 43 or the return line 44 connects. In each arm 54 is one towards that Intermediate line 53 permeable pressure relief valve 55 provided, to which a check valve 56 is connected in parallel is. The check valve 56 blocks in the direction of the Load pressure line 43 or return line 44 to the Intermediate line 53. This arrangement in the two arms 54 ensures that the pressure difference between Load pressure line 43 and return line 44 each via one certain amount of pressure lying on the intermediate line 53 and the pressure line 53 to one of the connections of the valve 48 to be led. In the illustrated in the drawing The central position of the valve 48 is the pressure line 51 cordoned off. In the switching variants shown next to it the pressure line 51 to one of the piston chambers of the cylinder 47 connected while the other is depressurized with the container 29 connected is.

A line 57 branches from the pressure line 51 to one Pressure relief valve 58, which opens into a container 29 and for an effective pressure in the pressure line 51 at one certain pressure difference.

A control line 59 branches off from the load pressure line 43, which is connected to a piston chamber of the cylinder 47. In the control line 59 are a filter 60, one behind the other Throttle 61 and a proportional valve 62 are arranged. The Valve 62 can be hydraulically and / or electrically against the pressure can be adjusted in the control line 59 so that a Proportional current can reach the piston chamber. The Valve 62 can be operated by an operator to to control the displacement volume of the capstan pump 45. So that the tensile force of capstan heads 2 can be adjusted continuously will.

Branches between the piston chamber and the proportional valve 62 a line 63 and introduces fluid via Pressure relief valve 64 to a container 29. The circuit with the elements in line 59 form a control circuit 65. Accordingly, the control of the reel pump 6 forms with the Elements for actuating the cylinders 24, 25 a control loop 66

Between the capstan motor 40 and the gear 42 is on the Shaft 41 provided a cap brake 67. The capstan brake 67 is shown as a hydraulic cylinder in the extension direction is spring-loaded so that the brake 67 the shaft 41st blocked. Analogous to this is between the reel motor 5 and the Reel 1 has a reel brake 68 with respect to shaft 4 intended. The reel brake 68 is also as spring-loaded hydraulic cylinder shown. The piston is spring-loaded in the extension direction so that the shaft 4 is blocked. The one in the drawing as a hydraulic cylinder illustrated spring-loaded brakes 67, 68 can be used as Multi-disc brakes can be formed in the direction of closing brake are spring-loaded. The respective feather serves as an energy accumulator when releasing the brakes is hydraulically applied and this force as Spring force to lock the brake when the Releases hydraulic power again.

The chamber of the cylinder opposite the spring Reel brake 68 is connected to a reel brake line 69. Similarly, the chamber opposite the spring is the Cap brake 67 connected to a cap brake line 70. The Lines 69 open into a common line, which over a 3/2-way valve 71 can be connected to the high-pressure line. The Valve 71 can use the pressure of the high pressure line can be adjusted against a spring force. In the in the The position shown in the drawing is the lines 69 and 70 connected to the low pressure line 8 during the connection the high pressure line 7 is blocked. If one is exceeded Switching pressure, for example about 100 bar, in the High pressure line 7, the valve 71 is automatically adjusted, so that the lines 69, 70 with the high pressure line 7th are connected and the connection of the low pressure line 8th Is blocked. In the connection of the high pressure line 7 to the Valve 71 is provided with a throttle 72.

The connection of the low pressure line 8 to the valve 71 is via a pressure relief valve 73 with the high pressure line 7 connected separately. The valve 73 is at a pressure in the High pressure line 7 of about 190 bar permeable and diffracted thus an overload of the reel motor 5 over one permissible pressure value.

In the reel brake line 69 there is between the capstan brake 67 and the meeting point with the capstan line 7 rotatable switching valve 74 is provided. From the switching valve 74 two positions are shown in the drawing. The in the Brake line 69 drawn position ensures free passage through the brake line 69. In the drawn next to it Position is the reel brake line 69 from lines 7, 8 cordoned off. The passage connection of the valve 71 is via a Line 75 connected to the low pressure line 8.

Branches between the switching valve 74 and the reel brake 68 from the line 69 an external connection 76 to which one Mini measuring line 77 with a manually operated hydraulic pump 78 can be connected. In parallel, branches from the external connection 76 a connection to a spring-loaded pressure switch, which has a limit pressure of around 20 bar.

In the following the effectiveness and functioning of the in Drawing shown embodiment of the invention explained in more detail.

Basically, the hydraulic drive circuit for the Reel and the hydraulic drive circuit for the capstan heads independently of each other. The capstan drive can can be controlled separately via the control circuit 65. The drive the reel can be controlled via the control circuit 66 and the valve 12 be adjusted.

When using the winch with a piste grooming device is at The winch is switched off. The reel brake 68 and the capstan brake 67 are hydraulically relieved, so that the shafts 4, 41 due to the spring loading of the brakes are locked. The valve 31 is de-energized. When switching on of the vehicle, the reel pump 6 is powered by a diesel engine driven. Due to the spring loading of the cylinder 24 the pump swung out completely. Via the opening at 20 bar Valve 26 sets a stand-by pressure of 20 bar. Here, however, no fluid flows through the high-pressure line 7. By adjusting the valve 31, the connection to the Container 29 locked so that the pressure rises. The valve 27 opens at about 120 bar. A pressure is applied to the cylinder 25 supplied, the reel pump 6 against the cylinder 24th deferred accordingly. The proportions of the pistons are selected accordingly, so that a 25 on the cylinder somewhat higher restoring force compared to the cylinder 24 possible is. This regulation causes a high pressure line 7 set about constant pressure. If the valve 31 is switched on and the pressure rises up to this pressure, the valve opens at a switching pressure of around 100 bar 71 so that the brakes 67, 68 are released against the spring force and the shafts 41, 4 are released for rotation. Now the capstan drive and capstan brake can be used. Of the The reel motor 5 is therefore only effective when the reel brake 68 is vented so that the reel 1 is only rotated when the Reel motor 5 sufficient torque for the required Provides rope tension.

The control circuit 66 ensures that Displacement of the reel pump is adjusted so that sufficient tension is always generated on the reel, however the voltage does not exceed a permissible maximum value. The tensile force here is between capstan head 2 and reel 1 700 N provided. However, this amount can be varied by The parameters of the reel drive are set to the desired value will.

If the traction in the rope 3 decreases or the rope between If the capstan and reel become slack, the reel motor 5 turn faster and the pressure in the high pressure line 7 threatens to sink and acts back on the control loop 66. Thereby the cylinder 25 is retracted somewhat, so that the pump swings out more and greater driving force for the reel motor 5 provides.

If the rope tension exceeds the allowable value threatens, this affects an increased pressure over the High pressure line 7 back to the control circuit 66, which the Cylinder 25 extends a little more so that the reel pump 6 is deferred. So there is always an optimal tension possible by adjusting or regulating the reel 1.

When the capstan brake 67 is open, the capstan drive can be operated separately controlled via the control circuit 65 and thus the feed force of the rope can be controlled. Starting via the valve 48 drive direction from the depressurized middle position Adjustment of valve 48 to the left or right selected will. Accordingly, one of the chambers of the cylinder 47 pressurized via the pressure line 51 so that the Variable pump swings out and the capstan motor 40 is driven becomes. By adjusting the valve 62, a back pressure can in the other chamber of the cylinder 47 opposite be so that the capstan pump 45 to the desired value is pivoted back. The valve 62 can, for example via a potentiometer by an operator accordingly to adjust.

During operation, the capstan head 2 can be driven can be controlled accordingly, the reel automatically an optimal rope tension adapted to the propulsion maintained so that the rope can be wound up in an orderly manner and sufficient static friction when wrapping the capstan head is available. The reel 1 regulates itself automatically a hydraulic circuit independent of the capstan drive. Nevertheless, it is always optimally adapted to the capstan drive. This also has the advantage that the reel drive in comparison developed without loss to the state of the art.

When the rope is wound on the reel and on one distant fixed point to be attached as a counterhold, so rope must first be unwound from the reel. Therefor the valve 12 is energized so that it blocks. Through easy Tightening the free end of the rope turns the rope over the capstan heads for the stiction for pushing out of the rope is sufficient. When driving the capstan heads 2 is used Reel motor 5 as a pump and delivers via the check valve 13 in the high pressure line 7 of the pump. Thereby rope from the reel is unwound, but it also turns up when unwinding again a desired tensile force of about 700 N in the rope between reel 1 and capstan head 2. The hydraulic motor delivers against the operating pressure in the high pressure line 7.

When the rope is unwound, the rope adheres to the Spill heads 2 only when there is a slight pull on the free Rope end is applied. This train occurs at a load of about 5 to 10 kg. Then there is sufficient Wrapping the capstan heads 2. If there is no force at the free end is applied, the capstan heads 2 rotate relative to the rope through so that the capstan heads have no feed for unwinding produce. In a preferred embodiment, the rope is on the side of the capstan heads 2 opposite the reel 1 free of additional clamping devices. In this case occurs the loop only under force when pulling out the rope on.

If the rope needs to be changed and a new rope Reel must be attached, the vehicle is parked and pulled the rope over the capstan heads. It will Switch valve 74 in the drawn next to line 69 Twisted position so that the line 69 from the valve 71st is cordoned off. At the external connection 76, the external Mini measuring line 77 and the hand pump 78 connected. By Operating the hand pump can release the reel brake 68 and the rope is put on by turning the reel. Thereafter, mini measuring line 77 and pump 78 are again dismantled. Then the switching valve 74 is in again reset the previous position so that rope is drawn in can be.

During the laying on of the rope, the cap brake 67 is for Tank relieves and falls, so that the capstan heads 2 out Security reasons are blocked.

With the solution according to the invention there is a better efficiency possible. The maintenance and adjustment work of reel and Capstan drives are reduced. There is a proper up and down Unwind the rope on the reel with sufficient Rope force for sufficient static friction of the rope on the Game head 2.

Claims (23)

Method for operating a winch, in which a rope (3) wound on a driven reel (1) is fed to and wound around at least one capstan head (2), a capstan drive (40, 45) rotating the capstan head (2) and causing it of rope friction between rope and capstan head (2) produces the rope feed, characterized in that the reel drive (5, 6) is adjusted separately next to the capstan drive (40, 45). Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reel (1) is driven according to the required tensioning force of the rope (3) between the reel (1) and capstan head (2). Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the displacement volume of a hydraulic pump (6) connected to a hydraulic motor (5) driving the reel (1) is adjusted as a function of the load state of the hydraulic motor (5). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the load pressure in a high-pressure line (7) provided between a hydraulic motor (5) driving the reel (1) and the hydraulic pump (6) driving it is kept essentially constant under different load conditions. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control of the reel drive (5,6) is switched on. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the cable (3) is pulled out of the reel (1), a motor (5) of the reel drive (5, 6) is actuated as a resistance-generating pump. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the capstan drive (40, 45) is controlled independently of the reel drive (5, 6) in accordance with the required cable feed. Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that the displacement volume of a hydraulic pump (45) connected to a hydraulic motor (40) driving the capstan head (2) is changed with the aid and separate control of the load pressure generated by the hydraulic pump (45). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a reel brake (68) and a capstan brake (67) are released simultaneously when the winch drive starts up. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the brakes (67, 68) are actuated as a function of an operating pressure in a hydraulic line (7) of the reel drive (5, 6). Method according to claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the brakes (67, 68) are only released after the reel (1) has been subjected to torque. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the cable (3) on the reel (1) is changed, a reel brake (68) is released by actuating means (78) which are external to the drive. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the capstan drive (40, 45) is blocked when the rope (3) is changed. Winch, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, with a reel (1) driven by a reel drive (5, 6) can be wound up and unwound onto the ropes (3), the rope (3) being removed from the reel ( 1) at least one capstan head (2) can be fed and looped around it, and a capstan drive (40, 45) rotates the capstan head (2) and advances the rope (3) due to rope friction with the capstan head (2), characterized in that the reel drive (5, 6) is provided separately next to the capstan drive (40, 45) and is adjustable separately therefrom. Winch according to claim 14, characterized in that the reel (1) and capstan head (2) are hydraulically driven, the reel (1) having a driving reel motor (5) with its own reel pump (6) and the capstan head (2) having its own driving capstan motor (40) with its own capstan pump (45). Winch according to claim 15, characterized in that the reel pump (6) is adjustable, the adjusting member (24, 25) of the pump (6) being coupled in motion to a control circuit (66) which responds as a function of the load state of the reel motor (5). Winch according to claim 16, characterized in that the control circuit (66) can be switched on via a switch (31). Winch according to one of Claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the load pressure in a high-pressure line (7) provided between the reel pump (6) and the reel motor (5) is essentially constant. Winch according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the capstan pump (45) is adjustable, the adjusting actuator (47) of the pump (45) being coupled in motion to a control circuit (65) which can be controlled separately from the outside. Winch according to one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that a reel brake (68) and a capstan brake (67) is provided. Winch according to claim 20, characterized in that the reel brake (68) and play brake (67) can be released together. Winch according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the brakes (67, 68) can be released as a function of an operating pressure in a hydraulic train (7) of the reel drive. Winch according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the reel brake (68) is separately releasable when connected to non-drive actuating means (78).

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