EP0848997A2 - Device for separating a mixture of materials, particularly building rubble - Google Patents

Abstract

The separator includes a fluid supply device (4) provided in the transition area between a mixture supply device (1,2,3) and the separator. The heavy material parts (Y) of the mixture fall past the fluid supply device into the first part of the separator and an upwardly inclined fluid stream (X) is produced which carries away the lighter ingredients (Z) and other small-particled material such as sand washed out of the heavy ingredients towards the second part of the separating device. The fluid supply device comprises a series of pipes (5) which are shaped rectangular on an outlet side and are connected together directly to form a right angle so that a homogeneous fluid outlet surface is produced. The fluid supply device can be adjusted in angle and height.

Description

The present invention relates to a device to separate a material mixture Materials with different specific weights according to the preamble of claim 1.

A device of this type is known from DE 41 40 584 A1 known. This device is in the transition area between the feeder and the separator an air blowing device is provided. With the help of On the one hand, airflow becomes the relatively lighter Mixing components for a so-called viewing device blown down while the heavier blend ingredients past the air flow in front of the sighting device fall on a conveyor belt.

The materials separated with the known viewing device are thus for a possibly subsequent Recycling process won in the state in which it is from are fed to the feed device. With many Recycling processes, and this is especially true in connection with the extraction or reprocessing of building rubble, i.e. broken construction waste, A problem arises when the separated Mix components loaded with materials are that a constructional approval of the recyclate oppose. These are in particular: organic and not weather-resistant caking or deposits; furthermore is liable the heavier and larger mixture components under certain circumstances also sand and dust, so that at the recycling results in falsifications in the recipe can.

Bekannt ist beispielsweise ein HYDROBANDSCHEIDER, bei dem die unterschiedliche Reibkraft der Stoffe in Filmströmungen zur Sortierung ausgenutzt wird. Ferner ist ein SCHNECKENAUFSTROMSORTIERER bekannt, bei dem die Sortierung beziehungsweise Trennung nach der Endfallgeschwindigkeit der Mischungsbestandteile in einem aufsteigenden Wasserstrom erfolgt.

Bei diesen bekannten Einrichtungen ist einerseits die Trennschärfe der Mischungsbestandteile ungenügend und andererseits ist der Verbrauch an Prozeßwasser relativ hoch und insbesondere unkontrolliert.

The wet processing of rubble is already known in principle; however, the known systems and facilities generally have by no means optimal properties with regard to water consumption, specific throughput and their operating behavior:

A HYDROBAND CUTTER is known, for example, in which the different frictional forces of the substances in film flows are used for sorting. Furthermore, a SNAIL UPflow SORTER is known, in which the sorting or separation takes place according to the final falling speed of the mixture components in an ascending water flow.

In these known devices, on the one hand, the selectivity of the mixture components is insufficient and, on the other hand, the consumption of process water is relatively high and, in particular, uncontrolled.

The basic task for a so-called Wet sifters can be seen in the fact that the contaminated Mixtures of materials, such as rubble and mixed construction waste are cleaned so that the sighted materials ultimately the natural product are to be equated.

The object underlying the present invention consists of a separating or sorting device of the generic type to specify at which simultaneously with a density-dependent separation process a washing process is carried out so that the heavier components of the mixture are conveyed cleanly cleaned can be and where the water consumption and the throughput performance meets the ecological-economic requirements correspond.

In principle, this task is characterized by the characteristics of the Claim 1 solved.

In other words than used in claim 1 The essence of the present invention is that a separating device of the generic type in this regard is further formed that the air flow to Separating the mixture components by means of a liquid flow, especially a water jet which is the heavier mixture components in Fall through washes and the lighter mixture components washed away and reusable in the fractions Sand and light / waste materials to be deposited separates. A particular advantage with regard to the use of water as a separation medium is still to be seen in the fact that a larger grain spectrum is processed can be.

The liquid inflow device consists of a plurality of pipe elements arranged side by side, which is rectangularly deformed on the output side in particular are, so that an optimal flow quality respectively an optimal flow cross section over the Width of the side by side and thus as Wide-slit nozzle-acting tubular elements are created.

The liquid inflow device is angular, optionally also adjustable in height, so that it is adaptable to the current mixtures. Basically the liquid flow is directed over a weir, that is equally adjustable in angle and height and is laterally displaceable.

For optimal working conditions for the liquid inflow device to get is a print and Quantity regulation provided; to already in the feed the liquid inflow device optimal conditions to create, the pipe elements on one Distribution tank connected, which in turn an expansion tank is connected upstream.

Further refinements of the device according to the invention are the subject of further subclaims, wherein In this respect it should be noted that the water consumption is due to of the self-contained overall system is minimized is.

Fig. 1A/B/C

eine Gesamtdarstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Trennen einer Materialmischung in Vorderansicht (Fig. 1A), Seitenansicht (Fig.1B) und Aufsicht (Fig. 1C);

Fig. 2

eine Flüssigkeitseinströmvorrichtung gemäß der in Anlage nach Fig. 1 gezeigten Art und zwar in Seitensicht (entsprechend Vorderansicht Fig. 1A) und in Aufsicht (entsprechend Aufsicht Fig. 1C), sowie in Detaildarstellung gemäß der Schnitt- / Ansichtslinie A-A.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. This shows in

Fig. 1A / B / C

an overall view of a device for separating a material mixture in front view (Fig. 1A), side view (Fig.1B) and top view (Fig. 1C);

Fig. 2

a liquid inflow device according to the type shown in the system according to FIG. 1, namely in a side view (corresponding to the front view in FIG. 1A) and in a top view (corresponding to the top view in FIG. 1C), and in a detailed representation in accordance with the section / view line AA.

The separation device shown in FIG. 1 a material mixture is used in the following with their mode of operation or intended use Function explained.

A to be separated or by gravity and Material mixture to be separated from light materials is included Aided by a conveyor belt 1 or the like. From conveyor belt 1, this is (in part still uneven distributed) material mixture of a conveyor or Vibrating channel 2 fed where the material mixture is evened out. From the vibrating trough 2 then the loosened up and evened out Material mixture towards a liquid inflow device 4 (arrow m) being a fender or optionally a slide 3 is provided, which the material leads in a certain relationship.

The liquid inflow device 4 consists of a Plural (to form a kind of slot die) juxtaposed, firmly connected Pipe elements 5, preferably on the output side are rectangular in particular deformed square and thus ensuring a closed, homogeneous flow profile. The liquid inflow device 4 or the tubular elements 5 are relative to the mudguard or aligned to slide 3, that a diagonally directed against the material flow Liquid flow occurs (see arrow X). Of the Liquid inflow device 4 or the Liquid flow is a weir 6, which can be moved in height, angle and side and has an overflow threshold 7 assigned or subordinate, via the flowing liquid flows away.

From a functional point of view, the following happens: The material mixture falling off the vibrating trough 2 falls against the liquid flow and is in heavy and light mixture components separated, i.e. the heavier components fall through Liquid flow through and the lighter components become with the liquid flow over the Weir 6 and the overflow threshold 7 washed away. On the one hand, this ensures that the heavier ones Parts (to be recycled) are washed and there on the other hand, the lighter and the washed mixture components respectively -particles can be removed separately.

Unterhalb der Flüssigkeitseinströmvorrichtung 4 ist eine Fördereinrichtung, insbesondere ein Bandförderer 8, angeordnet, der die durch die Flüssigkeitsströmung fallenden (vergleiche Pfeil Y) gewaschenen schwereren Mischungsbestandteile aufnimmt und (vergleiche Fig. 1B / 1C) zu einem Haufenlager 9 transportiert. Dieser Bandförderer 8 zur Abführung des Produkts ist insbesondere als schräg angeordnetes, langsam laufendes Förderband realisiert, von dem das Fertigprodukt endseitig auf das Haufenlager 9 abfällt. Der Bandförderer 8 ist selbstverständlich insoweit hermetisch, beispielsweise durch eine - nicht explizit dargestellte - Wand, seitlich nach außen abgeschottet, als die zufließende Flüssigkeit aufgefangen werden muß.

Seitlich an die Überlaufschwelle 7 des Wehrs 6, d.h. in Fließrichtung der Flüssigkeit betrachtet, schließt eine Entwässerungssiebmaschine 10 an, über die die Flüssigkeitsströmung X mit den leichteren Mischungsbestandteilen als Fracht hinwegfließt (vergleiche Pfeil Z). Die Entwässerungsmaschine 10 besteht im Prinzip aus einem Siebgeflecht, durch welches die Flüssigkeit zusammen mit den kleinkörnigen Mischungsbestandteilen, d.h. zum Beispiel zusammen mit dem Sandanteil der Baustoffmischung hindurch austritt. Die Mischungsbestandteile die zwar aufgrund ihrer geringeren Dichte mit der Flüssigkeitsströmung mitgeführt wurden, aber nicht durch das Sieb der Entwässerungsmaschine 10 passen beziehungsweise fallen, werden seitlich abgefördert und fallen letztlich als zu deponierender Abfall (Müll) in ein Sammelbehältnis, beispielsweise einen Container 11.

With reference to the system shown in FIG. 1 and the above functional description, this system is designed as follows:

A conveyor device, in particular a belt conveyor 8, is arranged below the liquid inflow device 4, which picks up the heavier mixture constituents that have been washed by the liquid flow (see arrow Y) and transports them to a heap store 9 (see FIGS. 1B / 1C). This belt conveyor 8 for discharging the product is in particular implemented as an obliquely arranged, slow-running conveyor belt, from which the finished product falls on the end onto the heap store 9. The belt conveyor 8 is, of course, hermetically insulated, for example by a wall (not explicitly shown), laterally to the outside, as the inflowing liquid has to be collected.

To the side of the overflow threshold 7 of the weir 6, ie viewed in the direction of flow of the liquid, there is a dewatering sieve machine 10, over which the liquid flow X with the lighter mixture components flows as a cargo (see arrow Z). The dewatering machine 10 basically consists of a screen mesh through which the liquid exits together with the small-grain mixture components, ie for example together with the sand portion of the building material mixture. The constituents of the mixture, which due to their lower density were carried along with the liquid flow, but do not fit or fall through the sieve of the dewatering machine 10, are removed laterally and ultimately fall into a collection container, for example a container 11, as waste (garbage) to be deposited.

The above-described device for separating Mixtures of materials meet that of the present invention underlying task insofar as the one to be processed Material mix in relatively heavy and relatively light mixture components is separated and the relatively heavy, recyclable Recycled is washed.

In a further embodiment of the invention, also those discharged with the liquid flow X. Processing sand so that it - like a natural product - is to be used again. For this purpose the dewatering screen machine 10 a known sand recovery device 12 subordinate to that Sand / liquid mixture supplied via a feed line 13 becomes. In this sand recovery facility 12, the mixture fed is in a multi-stage Washing / separation process treated so that finally recyclable sand, for example over a Screw conveyor 14 can be deducted. The sand recovery facility 12 is also also a collection container 15 for the discarded, not usable proportions, such as sludge or the like.

With regard to the problem mentioned at the beginning with water consumption is with reference to the illustration 1 to note the following: The entire The liquid cycle is self-contained and works from a central tank 16. From this tank 16 the process liquid 17 becomes the liquid inflow device 4 pumped (see pump 18). From the pipe elements 5 emerging and the tub for the Belt conveyor 8, the dewatering screen machine 10 and the sand recovery device 12 flowing Liquid is drained through an integrated piping system returned to the tank 16. With regard but that the recycled mixture components Liquid remains bound for the total amount Process liquid is lost is the tank 16 a - not shown - liquid quantity control unit assigned over which the liquid shortage is balanced. The pump 18 itself is included preferably depending on the amount and speed the process fluid adjustable.

For processing different material mixtures and thus to optimize the working parameters on them different material mixtures are provided, the liquid inflow device 4 and the weir 6 adjustable to integrate and to the extent that the Flow angle of liquid flow and the slope of the weir 6 are variable. Basically it is also conceivable, the exit surface of the liquid inflow device 4, and the position of the weir 6 with respect vertical positioning adjustable shape; weir 6 is also laterally displaceable.

Given that the selectivity for the separated Mix components directly from the exit speed the liquid at the liquid inflow device 4 depends - is - as already mentioned - provided the pump 18 pressure and to be designed to regulate the quantity.

The liquid inflow device 4 is in detail explained with reference to FIG. 2. It exists - as already mentioned - from a plurality (here four) of parallel juxtaposed, fixed relative to each other Pipe elements 5. These pipe elements 5 are about a common reservoir 20 with liquid supplied, which in turn via the pipe 17 or the pump 18 is supplied with liquid becomes. For homogenizing the flow conditions and to equalize the pressure conditions is the Distribution tank 20 upstream of an expansion tank 21 (see detailed illustration A-A). The Pipe elements 5 each have a flow meter 22 and a manometer 23 with a control flap 24, so that the liquid profile at the exit of the tubular elements 5 (in the transition area between the feed device in the form of the slide 3 and the separating device) can be optimally adjusted. The one from the Pipe elements 5 existing or prefabricated Kit is in the mounting frame for the invention Separating device mounted in a fixed position, in the course of the tubular elements 5, namely at the transition from the horizontal alignment for upward alignment, however, a piece of hose 25 is inserted, around the liquid exit surface of the liquid inflow device 4 the current working conditions to be able to optimally adjust accordingly.

With regard to this liquid outlet surface still noted that the tubular elements 5 on the output side are deformed so rectangular that they are flush with each other arranged rectangular cross-sections a broad slot Liquid outlet surface arises, which is a really homogeneous liquid flow profile is achieved.

From the illustration according to FIG. 2 is in particular also to see how the material of the liquid inflow device to be separated 4 fed and separated here is, the lighter components (arrow Z) over the weir 6 will be washed up while the heavier ones Components (arrow Y) due to the liquid flow (Arrow X) fall.

Finally, it should be noted that as a process or Separation liquid, preferably water is used.

Claims (14)

Device for separating a material mixture from materials with different specific weights, in particular for separating a building rubble mixture,
with a feed device (1, 2, 3) for feeding the material mixture to a separating device, a first part (8) of the separating device carrying away the heavy and a second part (6, 7) of the separating device the light mixture components,
characterized,
that a liquid inflow device (4) is provided in the transition region between the feed device and the separating device, past which the heavy mixture components (Y) fall into the first part (compare 8) of the separating device, and with which an obliquely upward liquid flow (X) is generated, by means of which the light mixture constituents (Z), such as light substances and the small-grain materials washed off from the heavy mixture constituents, such as sand or the like, are transported to the second part (compare 10) of the separating device, and that the liquid inflow device (4) consists of a plurality of pipe elements (5) arranged side by side,
which are rectangularly deformed on the outlet side and are directly connected to one another to form a rectangle, so that a homogeneous liquid outlet surface is created. Device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the liquid inflow device (4) is arranged to be adjustable in angle and possibly in height. Device according to claim 1 or 2,
the small-grain materials are transported to the second part of the separating device via a weir,
characterized,
that the weir (6) is adjustable in terms of angle and height, and is arranged to be laterally adjustable. Device according to claim 3,
characterized,
that the liquid inflow device (4) and the weir (6) are dimensioned and arranged relative to each other so that the entire liquid flow (X) is directed obliquely over the weir. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the liquid inflow device (4) is designed to be pressure and quantity controllable. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that the liquid inflow device (4) is connected on the input side to a distributor tank (20) which is preceded by a compensating tank (21) to make the liquid flow more uniform. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6,
with a conveyor belt or the like for feeding the material mixture and a conveyor trough (vibratory conveyor) for evening out the material mixture,
characterized,
that a guide bleach or a slide (3) or the like is provided, via which the material mixture passes from the conveyor trough (2) to the liquid inflow device (4). Device according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that the first part of the separating device is a belt conveyor (8), in particular an inclined conveyor, which is moved in a trough and via which the separated heavy mixture components are fed to a heap store (9). Device according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
that the second part of the separating device is a dewatering sieve machine (10) in which light mixture components (light substances) are separated from small-grained material, such as sand or the like, and liquid. Device according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the dewatering sieve machine (10) is followed by a sand recovery device (12). Device according to one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized,
that the dewatering sieve machine (10) is followed by a container, in particular a container (11) for receiving the light materials. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized,
that a central tank (16) is provided for the process liquid, which on the one hand supplies the liquid inflow device (4) with liquid via a pump (18) which can be regulated in particular in terms of quantity and speed and which on the other hand is functional with the dewatering sieve machine (10), the sand recovery device (12 ) and the trough of the belt conveyor (8) for the heavy mixture components is coupled. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12,
characterized,
that a liquid quantity control unit is provided, via which the liquid discharged with the separated material is compensated. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13,
characterized,
that water is used as the liquid.

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