EP0865319B1 - Separator of light materials from sand and gravel - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE96/02081 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 12, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 12, 1998 PCT Filed Oct. 29, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/16253 PCT Pub. Date May 9, 1997An apparatus for separating out light materials from mineral raw materials is provided. The apparatus includes a charging device that has a charging tube provided with an eccentrically arranged inlet for tangential introduction of raw material. The apparatus also has an inner chamber for separating out coarse sand received from the charging tube, and an outer chamber that serves for sorting out fine sand pursuant to the fluidized bed process. The outer chamber communicates with an overflow chute of the charging tube via an inclined overflow surface. An impingement body is centrally disposed in the inner chamber while leaving free an outer annular gap. The charging tube opens out centrally above the impingement body. A perforated basket, for adjusting flow resistance, is disposed so as to be displaceable in the axis of the charging tube and bridges a space between the impingement body and the end of the charging tube. The overflow chute of the charging tube is provided at that end thereof remote from the impingement body. As a function of a separation particle size setting of the charging device, which is adjusted by displacement of the perforated basket, the overflow chute communicates either with the outer chamber or with a light material overflow associated therewith.

Description

The invention relates to a device for separating Light materials from mineral raw materials, especially from Sand and gravel, with a loading arrangement for the Raw material feed, one of the separation of the coarse sand serving inner chamber as coarse sand room and with an over an overflow designed as an inclined surface to the Coarse sand room connected, sorting the fine sand according to the fluidized bed outer chamber as Fine sand room and one associated with the outer chamber Overflow for the light materials, the task arrangement one centered over one in the inner chamber arranged and leaving an outer annular gap Impact body ending feed tube includes.

A generic device is in EP 0 508 335 A2 described; with the configuration described known device the pretreatment of the Avoid raw material feed so that an immediate Feeding of extraction or pre-screening coming raw material in the separator is possible. However, large amounts of water can occur adversely affect the task, since such large Water volumes heavily load the coarse sand area and either too coarse material in the fine sand room transport or also fine sand shares over the Take the fine sand room with you into the light material overflow.

The invention is therefore based on the object Device with the generic features in this way improve that with the material feed, even suddenly, larger amounts of water entering the separator are manageable without the separation success of the device is impaired.

The solution to this problem is inclusive advantageous refinements and developments of Invention from the content of the claims, which this Description are reproduced.

The basic idea of the invention is that Feed pipe an eccentrically arranged inlet to the tangential flushing of the raw material task and at its the end facing away from the impact body has an overflow channel and a the space between the end of the feed tube and the impact body bridging and in the pipe axis adjustable perforated basket for setting the Flow resistance is arranged, depending from the one set via the position of the perforated basket Separation cut of the overflow of the feed arrangement Overflow channel with the fine sand room or alternatively with the Material overflow is connected. With the invention Advantage associated that due to the training of Separation of raw material in the manner of a cyclone of the excess water including fine relationship Very fine components; the grain size the one that gets into the overflow channel with the excess water Solid particle is over the additionally between the end the feed tube and the impact body arranged perforated basket adjustable, with the help of which the flow resistance for the raw material entry as a measure for the separation cut of the cyclone-like inlet defining back pressure is adjustable. Depending on the setting of the separating cut at the cyclone-like inlet can be the overflow channel either be connected to the fine sand area, with which the The advantage is that a good application with a partial relief of the coarse sand area from the Fine sand is applied, or the overflow channel can be directly connected to the light material overflow, so the excess water including the mud-like Fine components relieving both the coarse sand and the fine sand area is also derived directly.

As far as the overflow channel connected to the fine sand room is according to an embodiment of the invention provided that the overflow channel to the coarse sand space facing end of the inclined overflow surface between Inner chamber and outer chamber is connected.

As far as a connection of the overflow channel according to the invention with the fine sand room can be done after a Embodiment of the invention to avoid a hydraulic overloading of the fine sand space with a Flushing fine sand into the light material overflow be provided that between the overflow channel Task arrangement and between the inner chamber and Outer chamber located inclined overflow surface Sedimentation area with one on the overflow channel subsequent, down towards the overflow surface inclined trough surface and with a plurality of inclined to Trough surface and essentially transverse to the flow direction of the Overflow plates arranged parallel to each other is arranged, which in the flow direction of the overflow last plate as an overflow with connection to the Lightweight material overflow is formed; this is the advantage connected that a separation in the sedimentation area the fine sand fractions from the excess water as well as from the sludge-like fine components, so that the Spreading on fine sand even with a large one Water exposure in the raw material feed continues is guaranteed. With it flow on the inclined Overflow area between coarse sand room and fine sand room two Partial flows together, so that the entire fine sand fraction in the raw material feed over the fine sand sorting serving fluidized bed stage is directed.

According to an embodiment of the invention provided that the ends of the individual plates each an equal distance from Have trough surface and the opposite ends of the Plates arranged in a horizontal plane and by one spaced enclosures are enclosed.

As far as in one embodiment of the invention Fine sand room and the light material overflow the central arranged coarse sand space with task arrangement ring-like is surrounded, while maintaining the symmetrical, circular design of the overall device is provided, that overflow channel and sedimentation area with trough surface arranged in a circle and the plates in a radial position and circular course are arranged.

Fig. 1:

Eine Abscheidevorrichtung im Schnitt,

Fig. 2:

eine andere Ausführungsform der Abscheidevorrichtung gemäß Figur 1,

Fig. 3:

eine weitere Ausführung der Abscheidevorrichtung gemäß Figur 1 mit Überlaufsedimentation.

In the drawing, exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown, which are described below. Show it:

Fig. 1:

A separator in section,

Fig. 2:

another embodiment of the separating device according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 3:

a further embodiment of the separator according to Figure 1 with overflow sedimentation.

As in the generic EP 0 508 335 A2 described, the separator consists of a cylindrical inner chamber 10 with a feed arrangement 11. The inner chamber 10 has one at its lower end tapered withdrawal area 12 with a controllable deduction 13, which via a mechanism 14 too is press; as not shown, are on the outside Circumference of the inner chamber 10 feed lines for the supply of Arranged underwater.

The inner chamber 10 with a ring surrounding it at a distance is one The outer chamber 23 is arranged, the inner wall 24 of which Surrounds outer wall 20 of the inner chamber 10 at a distance.

This distance between the inner chamber 10 and outer chamber 23 is bridged by an overflow called as Outer chamber 23 formed inclined overflow surface 26 is. A nozzle base 27 is arranged in the outer chamber 23, the individual in a manner not shown Segments, with each individual segment of the Nozzle base 27 a via a mechanism 29 or associated electronics controlled discharge member 30. Furthermore, the outer chamber 23 with an inlet 31 for the provide the required underwater. At the top of the Outer chamber 23 includes an overflow 32 with trigger 33 for the Overflow water and the washed out light substances.

The task arrangement 11 consists of a centrically above the Inner chamber 10 arranged feed tube 15, which is longitudinally displaceable. Inside the Feed tube 15 is in the illustrated Embodiment arranged a feed pipe 16, which an inlet arranged eccentrically to its central axis 17 for tangential flushing of the raw material feed having.

Below the feed tube 15 is centered in the Inner chamber 10, a baffle 19 arranged at a General inclination outwards a wavy surface having. Between the outer wall 20 of the inner chamber and the impact body 19 remains an annular gap 21. Furthermore is between the end of the feed pipe 16 and the Impact body 19 a perforated basket 55 arranged for Setting a distance between the perforated basket 55 and the Impact body 19 is adjustably supported; with the perforated basket is the flow resistance for those from the supply pipe 16 emerging raw material feed adjustable.

In those shown in Figures 1 to 3 This has exemplary embodiments in the feed tube 15 slidably arranged feed pipe 16 above the Inlet 17 an extension 40, at the end of one Overflow edge 41 the overflow into an overflow channel 42 forms; to the overflow channel 42 is a pipe socket 43 connected, of those shown in Figure 1 Example of a line connection 44 to the arranged between the inner chamber 10 and outer chamber 23 Overflow surface 26 leads, while in FIG The illustrated embodiment of the pipe socket 43 a line connection 45 to the light material overflow 32 consists.

When operating the shown in Figures 1 and 2 device according to the invention is supplied Raw material feed via the eccentrically on the feed pipe 16 trained inlet 17 so that in the feed pipe 16th due to the tangential entry speed Cyclone effect results; the grain size of this cyclonic feed device is adjustable via the arranged perforated basket 55 reached because it is the Flow resistance in the inner chamber 10 can be regulated can; with this flow resistance, the back pressure becomes tangential infeed speed of the raw material feed generated, from which the separating cut in the area of Task arrangement 11 results. The excess water flows with the solid components contained in it Overflow edge 41 in the overflow channel 42 and from here to the two pipe sockets 43.

For example, the separation grain size in the Feeder 11 set at about 0.5 mm what at the same time the grain size between the coarse sands and corresponds to the fine sands, so the excess water with fine sand components to the pipe socket 43; of the The rest of the raw material feed passes through the feed pipe 16 on the impact body 19 and spread over this until it arrives in the annular gap 21, where there depending on the set flow rate a Grain size separation of the raw material feed at a Grain size between 2 mm and about 0.5 mm results.

The coarse sands with a grain size of more than 0.5 mm sink into the discharge area 12 of the inner chamber 10 as Coarse sand area and are deducted 13 in regulated form. The fine sands with one Grain size <0.5 mm and the organic contained therein Impurities, especially carbonized wood, follow upward flow in the inner chamber 10 and reach the inclined overflow surface 26; in the figure 1 illustrated embodiment opens at this point also the line connection 44 from the pipe socket 43, see above that the excess water with other fine sand components with a grain size <0.5 mm also on the Overflow surface 26 is guided; on the surface 26 one associated with a certain pre-thickening Sedimentation, so that fine sands with impurities in an already pre-layered shape from the overflow surface 26 in those working according to the fluidized bed process Sorting area of the outer chamber 23 arrive.

In a manner known per se, here takes place above the in the Outer chamber 23 arranged nozzle bottom 27 to generate the Fluidized bed to the organic contaminants and the in the fine sands still very fine fractions of the Separate fine sand and overflow 32 with trigger 33 to separate from it. The cleaned fine sands are over arranged in individual segments of the nozzle base 27 Discharge organs 30 deducted.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2 is a line connection 45 between the pipe socket 43 and the light material overflow 32, which has the consequence that the separation grain size in the area of the cyclone working task arrangement 11 via the perforated basket 55th has to be significantly less than 0.5 mm because then that Excess water only with fine grain fractions is deposited so that it immediately overflows the end the separator can be supplied.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 3 takes place the separation of the excess water with a fine sand fraction with a grain size <0.5 mm in the cyclone working Task arrangement 11, the overflow of the task arrangement 11 on the between coarse sand space (inner chamber 10) and Fine sand space (outer chamber 23) overflow surface 26 is fed to the fine sand area. However, is between the overflow channel 42 of the feed arrangement 11 and the Overflow surface 26 a sedimentation area arranged in which separates the excess water from the Fine sand is made. For this, between the Overflow channel 42 and the overflow surface 26 an oblique Trough surface 47 arranged; in the above the trough surface 46 located and enclosed by a housing 52 a plurality of obliquely to the trough surface 46 and in essentially transverse to the flow direction of the in the Task arrangement of separated excess water with Fine sand portion plates 47 arranged parallel to one another arranged; the plates 47 are spaced apart fixed, the ends facing the trough surface 46 of the individual plates 47 each an equal distance from Have trough surface 46; the opposite ends of the Plate 47 end in a horizontal plane so that an increasing in the flow direction of the overflow to be clarified Length of the individual plates 47 results. According to the Formation of the separation device according to Figures 1 and 2 with a ring-like arrangement of the fine sand room Light material overflow around the centrally arranged coarse sand area are the in the embodiment of Figure 3 Overflow channel 42 and the sedimentation area with Wing 46 and plates 47 arranged in a circle, wherein the plates 47 in a radial position and circular Are arranged.

Is in front of the first plate 47 in the direction of flow a partition 54 for guiding the overflow to be clarified onto the trough surface 46, the last one in the direction of flow Plate 47 forms an overflow edge 50 to which a Collection space 53 for only sludge components contains clarified water, one of which Pipeline 51 goes to the light material overflow 32.

In the embodiment described above flows the excess water separated in the feed arrangement 11 with fine sand content over the trough surface 46, one Sedimentation and separation of the excess water with the Very fine constituents occur in that the water between the individual plates 47 rises, the Fine sand components from the water respectively Separate residual sludge and over the trough surface 46 on the Overflow surface 26 and from here into the fine sand room (Outer chamber 23); the separated excess water with mud-like fine components gets over the Overflow edge 50 and via the pipeline 51 directly in the light material overflow 32.

Claims (5)

1. Apparatus for separating light substances from raw mineral substances, in particular from sand and gravel, with a feed arrangement for the raw material feed, an inner chamber, as a coarse sand space, which serves to separate the coarse sand, with an outer chamber, as a fine sand space, which is connected to the coarse sand space via an overflow, which is formed as an inclined face, and serves to sort the fine sand according to the fluidized bed process, and with an overflow, which is associated with the outer chamber, for the light substances, wherein the feed arrangement comprises a feed pipe ending centrally above a baffle body, which is disposed centrally in the inner chamber and leaves free an outer annular gap, characterised in that the feed pipe (15) comprises an eccentrically disposed intake (17) to wash in the raw material feed at a tangent and an overflow channel (42) at its end which is remote from the baffle body (19), and a perforated basket (55), which bridges the space between the end of the feed pipe (15) and the baffle body (19) and can be moved along the pipe axis, is provided to adjust the resistance to flow, wherein the overflow channel (42) is connected either to the fine sand space (23) or to the light substance overflow (32), according to the separation accuracy, which is adjusted via the position of the perforated basket (55), of the overflow of the feed arrangement (11).
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the overflow channel (42) is connected to the end of the inclined overflow face (26) which is turned towards the coarse sand space between the inner chamber (10) and the outer chamber (23).
3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that a sedimentation region with a trough face (46) adjoining the overflow channel (42) and inclined downward in the direction of the overflow face, and with a plurality of plates (47) disposed parallel to one another obliquely to the trough face (46) and substantially transversely to the direction of flow of the overflow is disposed between the overflow channel (42) of the feed arrangement (11) and the inclined overflow face (26) located between the inner chamber (10) and the outer chamber (23), wherein the plate which is last in the direction of flow of the overflow is formed as an overflow (50) with a connection to the light substance overflow (32).
4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that the ends of the individual plates (47) which are turned towards the trough face (46) are each at the same spacing from the trough face (46), and the opposite ends of the plates (47) are disposed in a horizontal plane and enclosed by a housing (52) at a spacing therefrom.
5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the fine sand space and the light substance overflow surround the centrally disposed coarse sand space with feed arrangement like a ring, characterised in that the overflow channel (42) and the sedimentation region with trough face (46) are disposed in the form of a circle and the plates (47) are disposed in a radial position and a circular path.

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