EP0848824A1 - Voltmetre convenant a des installations a moyenne et haute tension, comportant un dispositif a ondes de surface - Google Patents

Voltmetre convenant a des installations a moyenne et haute tension, comportant un dispositif a ondes de surface

Info

Publication number
EP0848824A1
EP0848824A1 EP96937177A EP96937177A EP0848824A1 EP 0848824 A1 EP0848824 A1 EP 0848824A1 EP 96937177 A EP96937177 A EP 96937177A EP 96937177 A EP96937177 A EP 96937177A EP 0848824 A1 EP0848824 A1 EP 0848824A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
wave device
electrical
surface wave
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP96937177A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ansgar MÜLLER
Reinhard Maier
Wolf-Eckhart Bulst
Thomas Ostertag
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0848824A1 publication Critical patent/EP0848824A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/26—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using modulation of waves other than light, e.g. radio or acoustic waves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a voltmeter that is suitable for medium / high voltage devices.
  • High-voltage measuring devices in various designs and based on different functional principles are known. Many such measuring devices work on the magnetic principle or with evaluation of the magnetic field in high-voltage devices of flowing currents. For all such devices, the problem must be observed or solved that sufficient high-voltage insulation is guaranteed and that such measuring devices can prevent the occurrence of high-voltage hazards to operators and the like.
  • High-voltage measuring devices are known, for example, from US-A-3,428,896, 3,633,191, 4,158,810 and 4,261,818 as well as from EP-0 314 850 B1.
  • the problems that arise in connection with multi-conductor high-voltage systems, such as three-phase high-voltage lines, are set out in particular in the latter publication.
  • relatively complex measures are described in detail, such as how measured value influences, based on the presence of adjacent high-voltage conductors, can be solved or how measured value corrections are to be carried out.
  • General technical knowledge relating to high-voltage measuring devices can also be found in this document, which therefore need not be repeated in the description of the present invention.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a voltmeter suitable for medium / high voltage devices, the construction of which is simplified technically, in particular with regard to the electrical insulation requirements. The influence of adjacent current / voltage conductors should also be taken into account.
  • the principle of the voltmeter according to the invention is based on one that works in conjunction with or starting from an impedance voltage divider.
  • this is a capacitive voltage divider.
  • the voltage divider provided is inserted between an electrical conductor, the electrical voltage potential of which is to be measured in relation to an electrical base potential, and this base potential. Further details on this can be found in the printed publication Bayer, Boeck, Möller and Zaengl "High Voltage Technology" Verlag Springer 1986, Chapter 10.6.3.2, pages 313-317 and the description of the figures.
  • the voltmeter according to the invention has a surface wave device as the actual measuring element.
  • this has the function of measuring an electrical voltage occurring at the voltage divider, namely a voltage whose electrical field in the surface wave device has an evaluable influence on the wave propagation.
  • the surface wave device is part of a capacitive voltage measurement.
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention " have a capacitive voltage divider.
  • a voltage divider also serves to achieve a predefinable or arithmetically ascertainable division of the total electrical voltage to be measured such that the one voltage component is suitably dimensioned for evaluation with the surface wave device.
  • the invention also consists in a particularly advantageous embodiment of such a voltage divider, which according to the physical principle is also state of the art per se.
  • Figure 1 shows a basic structure according to the invention in side view
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show side and top views of a surface acoustic wave device used in the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a high-voltage line 2 and a particularly preferred embodiment of a voltmeter 1 according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 thus describe the invention in use for measuring the electrical voltage of this line.
  • 2 ′ additionally shows a high-voltage line of a second phase, for example a 3-phase conductor system, running adjacent to the high-voltage line 2.
  • the base potential e.g. denotes the earth potential of the earth's surface.
  • the capacitive voltage divider used in this embodiment of the invention consists of two capacitors 5 and 6.
  • the capacitor 5 is a structural component of the voltmeter according to the invention.
  • the one electrode of this capacity is the high-voltage line 2 and the associated second electrode is an electrically conductive surface element 7 provided according to the invention. This has predeterminable surface dimensions and is arranged at a predeterminable distance from the high-voltage line 2.
  • the high-voltage line 2 is the sophisticated conductor lying on the electrical voltage potential to be measured, which can also be another electrical conductor lying on electrical voltage (compared to a base potential).
  • the provided electrically conductive surface element 7 preferably has the shape of a completely or at least largely closed sleeve 7, which at least almost, advantageously completely, surrounds a corresponding piece of the high-voltage line 2.
  • a sleeve that is not completely closed can also be retrofitted from the side onto an already existing high-voltage line 2, for example.
  • a second (6) associated divider capacitance C2 is formed by the inevitable stray capacitance of the sleeve 7 with respect to the reference potential 10, in the case of a high-voltage overhead line this is the earth's surface.
  • a size can be given in relation to the stray capacitance C2 which is practically predetermined select the capacitance C1 which allows a voltage range to be evaluated which is suitable for operation with the surface acoustic wave device.
  • the person skilled in the art is therefore able to specify, for the special application, such a dimensioning of the surface element, ie here the sleeve 7, the area voltages of which are applied to the capacitance C1, which are favorably dimensioned for the surface wave device.
  • the voltage divider ratio can easily be used in practice up to 1: 1000.
  • the capacitance C1 results with approximately 2 nF.
  • the associated stray capacitance C2 is, for example, approximately 9 pF.
  • an additionally occurring capacitance C3 between line 2 and an adjacent line 2 ' is approximately 4 pF.
  • the surface wave device does not require any or works without a (further) power supply source.
  • FIG. 2 shows the side view belonging to FIG. 1. Reference numerals given in FIG. 2 have the meanings described for FIG. 1.
  • the surface wave device 21 provided according to the invention is arranged in the electrical field of the capacitance C1 in such a way that such an electric field occurs in at least a portion of the substrate body of this surface wave device that is proportional to the electrical voltage between the line 2 and the base potential 10 , namely proportional to the electrical (partial) voltage to be measured. Further design details can be found in the following explanations.
  • the surface wave device 21 comprises, as an essential component thereof, a substrate body 22.
  • a plate which in most cases consists of piezoelectric, preferably single-crystalline material.
  • the plate 22 can, however, also be designed in such a way that it only has piezoelectric, or at least electrostrictive, properties in zones, such as and where it is required at least for the electrical generation of an acoustic wave or for the reconversion of such a wave into an electrical signal is.
  • An acoustic (mechanical) wave generated by means of an interdigital transducer 23 known for such devices and subsequently running in the plate of the substrate body 2 is shown in FIGS.
  • FIG. 25 In the illustrated example of a surface wave device 21, 26 denotes a reflector which, in a known manner and correspondingly embodied, reflects the wave 25 back into the interdigital transducer 23.
  • the reflector can e.g. also be coded in a manner known in principle and thus effect a correspondingly coded response signal from the surface acoustic wave device.
  • the known mode of operation of such a surface wave device 21 is that the wave 25 is generated in the transducer 23 by means of an electrical pulse supplied via an antenna 24 by a query transmitter on the radio path 300 and the reflected wave in the same transducer 23 is converted into an electrical signal is converted back.
  • This back-converted electrical signal 301 is emitted via the antenna 24 and received by a receiving station and evaluated there.
  • a transmitting station on the ground and a receiving station on the ground with an evaluation part are provided for this purpose.
  • a coupling-out slot in the jacket of a closed sleeve 7 (for example by means of insulating, dielectric end caps) can be provided, for example, for the radiation to / from the antenna 24.
  • a closed sleeve is especially then provided if, in the case of correspondingly high electrical voltages, an electrical insulation-promoting gas such as SFg should be contained in its interior.
  • the coupling-out slot mentioned is then to be closed dielectrically in a corresponding manner.
  • Other relevant insulation material can also be used for insulation inside the sleeve.
  • the ends of the antenna 24 can also be led out of the sleeve, for example through the end faces of the sleeve.
  • the overhead line 2 itself can also be coupled as an antenna.
  • the electrostrictive, preferably piezoelectric property is also present in the region of the electrodes 126 and 226, which are arranged opposite one another, preferably directly on the top or bottom of the substrate plate 22, as in the case of a capacitor capacitance.
  • a non-electrostrictive (non-piezoelectric) substrate body 22 which, however, then has an electrostrictive (piezoelectric) layer in the region of the interdigital transducer 23 and the electrode 126 (possibly also 226) is coated.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is to connect the electrode 126 to the conductor 2 and the electrode 226 to the surface element 7 (or vice versa) in each case in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the voltage of the capacitance C1 of FIGS. 1, 2 is then applied to the electrodes 126 and 226, i.e. the predetermined voltage component of the total voltage to be measured lying between the line 2 and the potential 10.
  • the dimensions of the electrodes 126 and 226 are, for example, ... x ... mm with approximately ... mm thickness of the
  • the voltage during operation of the voltmeter according to the invention can be used for the same to work properly be measured up to ... volts between electrodes 126 and 226. This clearly rules out insulation problems in the area of the line / sleeve and the antenna.
  • Wave 25 runs in the device 21 (back and forth). This physical effect leads to a change in the transit time of the shaft 25 with respect to its transit time from the transducer 23 to the reflector 26 and back to the transducer 23, which is dependent on the electrical voltage and thus on the applied electrical voltage.
  • This change in relation to the pulse-shaped excitation signal 300 When the response signal 310 is sent back can be evaluated as a measure of the electrical voltage present at the capacitance C1 and thus as a measured value of the electrical voltage between the line 2 and the base potential 10.
  • a favorably suitable voltage range can be selected for a surface wave device 21 to be used, based on the expected voltage range of the voltage to be measured.
  • Another largely optional parameter is the thickness of the substrate body 22 between the electrodes 126 and 226. The thickness of this body 22 is known to be dimensioned taking into account the required mechanical stability on the one hand and the price of the material on the other hand.
  • Such a surface acoustic wave device is usually (and accordingly not particularly shown) installed in a housing which hermetically seals against the surroundings and which provides the necessary electrical bushings for has the dipole halves 24 of the antenna and the electrical connections to the electrodes 126 and 226.
  • the range of applied electrical voltages for the capacitance C1 lies between .... and .... volts.
  • Such voltages are not a problem for electrical insulation on the housing of the surface acoustic wave device.
  • the main measure of the voltage drop is due to the
  • “Surface waves” should not only include the Rayleigh and lead stone and the like waves in the narrower sense, but also acoustic waves that can be used equally to solve the task of the invention, such as e.g. Volume waves, shear waves and the like should be understood, namely as they are known to be used in such facilities.
  • the solution according to the invention ie the voltage meter according to the invention, requires taking into account the influence of the immediately obtained measurement result on adjacent current / voltage conductors such as parallel conductors of multi-conductor systems. This consideration consists in the fact that measurements are also carried out simultaneously on such adjacent conductors, for example the other phases of a three-phase system. Since the capacities to these neighboring lines ' are known (or can be calculated), the
  • the respective influencing is calculated eliminate and determine the actual / true voltage value according to the task.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un voltmètre pour dispositifs à moyenne et haute tension, dont l'élément de mesure de la tension à proprement parler comporte un dispositif à ondes de surface (21). Ce dernier est inséré dans un diviseur de tension à impédance (5, 6) dont le principe de fonctionnement est connu, de façon permettant à la fois d'assurer l'isolation électrique sous haute tension et d'exclure les problèmes inhérents à l'alimentation en courant de l'élément de mesure de la tension soumis à un potentiel élevé.
EP96937177A 1995-09-04 1996-09-03 Voltmetre convenant a des installations a moyenne et haute tension, comportant un dispositif a ondes de surface Ceased EP0848824A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19532600 1995-09-04
DE19532600 1995-09-04
PCT/DE1996/001637 WO1997009624A1 (fr) 1995-09-04 1996-09-03 Voltmetre convenant a des installations a moyenne et haute tension, comportant un dispositif a ondes de surface

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0848824A1 true EP0848824A1 (fr) 1998-06-24

Family

ID=7771218

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96937177A Ceased EP0848824A1 (fr) 1995-09-04 1996-09-03 Voltmetre convenant a des installations a moyenne et haute tension, comportant un dispositif a ondes de surface

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6104181A (fr)
EP (1) EP0848824A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1200810A (fr)
TW (1) TW364061B (fr)
WO (1) WO1997009624A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL127699A0 (en) * 1998-12-23 1999-10-28 Bar Dov Aharon Method and device for non contact detection of external electric or magnetic fields
ITUD20050099A1 (it) 2005-06-14 2006-12-15 Ergoline S Lab Srl Dispositivo per rilevare senza contatto la tensione in un cavo elettrico
DE102015000301B4 (de) * 2015-01-12 2021-12-09 Isabellenhütte Heusler Gmbh & Co. Kg Kupplung der Mittelspannungstechnik oder der Hochspannungstechnik
CN105034397B (zh) * 2015-06-03 2017-10-13 上海公元建材发展有限公司 在线加工带承、插口的pe双壁波纹管材的生产工艺及设备
US10845390B2 (en) * 2015-07-20 2020-11-24 Eaton Industries (Netherlands) B.V. System for measuring the voltage of a busbar
US10620238B2 (en) * 2016-10-20 2020-04-14 Sensanna Incorporated Remotely powered line monitor
US11137422B2 (en) * 2018-12-03 2021-10-05 Rf Code, Inc. System and method for monitoring voltage in a cable

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3428896A (en) * 1963-08-14 1969-02-18 Schweitzer Edmund O Jun System for transmitting to a remote point a signal that varies as a function of the current flow in a high voltage conductor
US3633191A (en) * 1966-09-20 1972-01-04 Anaconda Wire & Cable Co Temperature monitored cable system with telemetry readout
US4158810A (en) * 1974-10-21 1979-06-19 Leskovar Silvin M Telemetering post for measuring variables in a high-voltage overhead line
US4261818A (en) * 1974-10-24 1981-04-14 Sweeney Maxwell P Method for making separations from aqueous solutions
US4121154A (en) * 1975-10-14 1978-10-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Alternating current potential measuring device
US4052665A (en) * 1976-03-30 1977-10-04 Snap-On Tools Corporation Capacitive pickup device for pulsating high voltage measurements
US4233573A (en) * 1979-02-12 1980-11-11 United Technologies Corporation Carrier concentration controlled surface acoustic wave variable delay devices
JPS5644858A (en) * 1979-09-19 1981-04-24 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Voltage measuring device
US4611207A (en) * 1983-10-31 1986-09-09 Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation Apparatus for monitoring voltage on a high voltage overhead transmission line
EP0166065A1 (fr) * 1984-06-29 1986-01-02 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Capteur de tension utilisant une structure à onde de surface acoustique sensible au champ électrique
EP0314850B1 (fr) * 1987-11-06 1994-03-30 Roosevelt A. Fernandes Appareil de mesure et système pour les paramètres d'une ligne électrique à grande intensité et modules compacts montés sur la ligne

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO9709624A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1997009624A1 (fr) 1997-03-13
US6104181A (en) 2000-08-15
CN1200810A (zh) 1998-12-02
TW364061B (en) 1999-07-11

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