EP0845582A1 - Valve control for an internal combustion engine provided with lift valves for the gas exchange - Google Patents

Valve control for an internal combustion engine provided with lift valves for the gas exchange Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0845582A1
EP0845582A1 EP97117061A EP97117061A EP0845582A1 EP 0845582 A1 EP0845582 A1 EP 0845582A1 EP 97117061 A EP97117061 A EP 97117061A EP 97117061 A EP97117061 A EP 97117061A EP 0845582 A1 EP0845582 A1 EP 0845582A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valves
longitudinal axes
valve control
cylinder
assigned
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97117061A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0845582B1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Voigt
Horst-Günter Hilderts
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0845582A1 publication Critical patent/EP0845582A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/2405—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically by means of a hydraulic adjusting device located between the cylinder head and rocker arm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/20—SOHC [Single overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve control for a with lift valves for gas exchange equipped multi-valve internal combustion engine, which with one with swivel levers equipped valve train is provided, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the exhaust valves and the intake valves are respectively summarized in one of two groups.
  • a longitudinal median plane of the The cylinder head seen in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust camshaft, are all the exhaust valves associated support elements arranged such that their longitudinal axes with respect this longitudinal center plane are arranged on the outside. The same arrangement was made on the other side of this longitudinal median plane for the two with respect to a cylinder external intake valves hit.
  • the third one in the middle Intake valves are the receptacles for the hydraulic support elements adjacent to Longitudinal center plane arranged so that their longitudinal axes compared to the longitudinal axes the other exhaust valves are arranged on the inside.
  • the three support elements the intake valves assigned to a cylinder are thus zigzag-shaped in the longitudinal direction arranged.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic valve control for Multi-cylinder internal combustion engine equipped with lifting valves with one with swivel levers to provide provided valve train, which in the simplest possible geometrically and Actuated lift valves grouped in groups and serving the same purpose, this being the simplest possible manufacture of this valve control and its use components that are as similar as possible.
  • the at Use of hydraulic support elements ensures the required oil supply and be implemented in a comparatively simple manner.
  • the invention provides in a generic valve control that, in the longitudinal direction seen each camshaft, each a group assigned to a cylinder supports similar stroke valves on support elements, the longitudinal axes of which The longitudinal center plane of the cylinder head is on the outside, the latter in the longitudinal direction immediately following group assigned longitudinal axes of the support elements of the adjacent cylinder with respect to this longitudinal median plane.
  • this combination of features means that each one Area of the cylinder head assigned to the cylinder while maintaining the position of the camshafts with respect to adjacent cylinders each formed symmetrically to the longitudinal center plane is, d. H. in the parting plane between cylinder head and crankcase by 180 ° is rotated.
  • this maintains the position of the longitudinal axes of the camshafts between the longitudinal axes of the support elements and the lift valves, which is required for a favorable power transmission between the camshaft and the pivot lever, for all cylinders and all lift valves.
  • the geometrical arrangement of pivoting levers and support elements within a group of identical valves each assigned to a cylinder is identical, which results in a particularly simple bore pattern in terms of production technology due to the parallel arrangement of the longitudinal axes of the support element and the lift valve.
  • the position of the receptacles for the support elements which does not alternate within a group of similar lift valves, enables a comparatively simple supply of pressure or lubricating oil.
  • This valve control is particularly preferably suitable for internal combustion engines, whose cylinder axes are not in one plane, d. H. either V-shaped to each other stand or are arranged in two parallel rows to each other. Here are the cylinder rows each comparatively close together or interlocked, so that either a so-called VR arrangement or a two-row internal combustion engine with z. B. results in a crankshaft.
  • a cylinder head 1 of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine has one not shown Combustion chamber surface 2 facing the crankcase and partially formed therein Combustion chambers 3.
  • the cylinder head 1 is from lateral walls 4 and 5, which in turn defines a bearing surface running parallel to the combustion chamber surface 2 6 wear.
  • bearings 7 and bearings 8, each for a camshaft 9 and 10 are formed in mirror image in relation to one another in the bearing surface 6.
  • These camshafts 9, 10 each carry cams 11, 12 which, with the interposition of pivoting levers 14, 15, actuate lift valves 16 serving the outlet and lift valves 17 serving the inlet.
  • the combustion chambers 3 of adjacent cylinders are equally spaced from and on opposite sides of the longitudinal center plane E, so that one can speak of a two-row internal combustion engine with a cylinder head 1 common to both rows.
  • the lift valves 16, 17 assigned to each cylinder are combined in groups G 16 and G 17 , which act in the same way. In this case, two lift valves 16 serving the outlet are assigned to one group G 16 , and two lift valves 17 serving the inlet are assigned to group G 17 .
  • the globe valves 16 or 17 of a group G 16 or G 17 are arranged parallel to one another and lying in one plane.
  • Longitudinal axes 22 extending in the direction of movement of the lift valves 16, 17 are arranged parallel to longitudinal axes 23 of the support elements 18, 19, the longitudinal axes 24, 25 of the camshafts 9, 10 each extending transversely to and between the longitudinal axes 22 and 23 of a pivoting lever 14, 15.
  • the receptacles 20 and 21 run parallel to the bores 30, 31 in the cylinder head 1 that are required to hold valve guides 26.
  • lift valves 16, 17 are seat rings 27, Valve spring plate 28 and valve springs 29 assigned.
  • two combustion valves 3 are assigned two comparatively short globe valves and two comparatively long globe valves.
  • the combustion chambers 3 adjacent to the wall 5 are each assigned short, inlet valves 17 and long, outlet valves 16.
  • the combustion chamber 3 of a next cylinder lying adjacent to the combustion chamber 3 according to FIG. 1 is arranged lying adjacent to the wall 4 according to FIG.
  • These combustion chambers 3 each have two comparatively long, inlet valves 17, which are inserted together with their valve guides 26 in bores 30, and two comparatively short, outlet valves 16, which are held with their valve guides 26 in corresponding bores 31 are.
  • each of a camshaft 9, 10 actuated lift valves 16, 17 is the location of the receptacles 20 of a particular cylinder 1 such that the associated longitudinal axes 23 each on the left Point longitudinal axes 24 and 25 of the camshafts 9 and 10 past.
  • this means compare FIG. 3, that along this camshaft 9 there are initially two receptacles 20 lying inside with respect to the longitudinal center plane E and, for the cylinder lying adjacent thereto, the receptacles 21 lying outside with respect to this plane E. It can also be seen from FIG. 3 that a bearing 7 or 8 of the camshaft 9 or 10 is arranged between the receptacles 20 each assigned to a cylinder. Also visible in an end wall 32 of the cylinder head 1 are end bearings 7a and 8a, a shaft 33 lying closely adjacent to the longitudinal center plane E for receiving a spark plug or a fuel injection device, and through holes 34 for receiving cylinder head screws (not shown).
  • the necessary supply of pressure and lubricating oil to the support elements 18, 19 and the bearings 7, 7a and 8, 8a takes place essentially via a total of four oil passages 40, 41 passing through the cylinder head 1 in the longitudinal direction L. These are not shown in the drawing from an inlet Oil fed, all flows in the same direction and lead in the form of the oil channels 40 on the left in FIG held support elements 18, 19th In the area of the bearings 7, 7a and 8, 8a, the necessary lubricating oil is supplied to the bores 42, which are connected to the oil channel 40 and 41 located on the outside with respect to the longitudinal center plane E.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Each cylinder of the engine is fitted with at least two inlet valves and with at least two exhaust valves, driven by two parallel cams (9,10) which drive cam followers mounted between hydraulic supports and the ends of the valve stems. Alternate cylinders are in a V-formation with each cylinder having the cam axes between the axes of the valves and the axes of the hydraulic supports. The valve guides and hydraulic supports are on alternate sides of the cam axes on alternate cylinders. The valve guides and hydraulic supports are parallel to each other. The hydraulic supports are connected to the lubrication circuit.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ventilsteuerung für eine mit Hubventilen zum Ladungswechsel ausgerüstete mehrventilige Brennkraftmaschine, welche mit einem mit Schwenkhebeln ausgestatteten Ventiltrieb versehen ist, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a valve control for a with lift valves for gas exchange equipped multi-valve internal combustion engine, which with one with swivel levers equipped valve train is provided, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der gattungsgemäßen EP 0 420 139 B1 ist es für eine Reihenbrennkraftmaschine mit insgesamt drei jedem Brennraum zugeordneten Einlaßventilen und jeweils zwei Auslaßventilen bekannt, zwischen den auf zwei Nockenwellen angeordneten Nocken und den Hubventilen Schwenkhebel vorzusehen, welche sich mit einem ihrer Enden auf diesen Hubventilen und mit dem anderen Ende auf hydraulisch gespeisten Stützelementen abstützen. Diese Stützelemente ruhen in aus einem Schmiersystem der Brennkraftmaschine ölversorgten Aufnahmen des Zylinderkopfes. Die geometrische Anordnung ist dabei so getroffen, daß die Längsachsen der Nockenwellen quer zu und zwischen den Längsachsen des jeweils einem Schwenkhebel zugeordneten Stützelementes und des jeweiligen Hubventiles verlaufend angeordnet sind. Für jeden Zylinder sind die Auslaßventile und die Einlaßventile jeweils in einer von zwei Gruppen zusammengefaßt. Bezüglich einer Längsmittelebene des Zylinderkopfes sind, in Längsrichtung der Auslaßnockenwelle gesehen, alle den Auslaßventilen zugeordneten Stützelemente derartig angeordnet, daß ihre Längsachsen bezüglich dieser Längsmittelebene außen liegend angeordnet sind. Die gleiche Anordnung wurde auf der anderen Seite dieser Längsmittelebene für die beiden jeweils bezüglich eines Zylinders außen liegenden Einlaßventile getroffen. Bezüglich des jeweils mittig liegenden dritten Einlaßventiles sind die Aufnahmen für die hydraulischen Stützelemente benachbart zur Längsmittelebene angeordnet, so daß deren Längsachsen im Vergleich zu den Längsachsen der anderen Auslaßventile innen liegend angeordnet sind. Die drei Stützelemente der einem Zylinder zugeordneten Einlaßventile sind somit in Längsrichtung zickzack-förmig angeordnet. From EP 0 420 139 B1 of the generic type, it is also used for a series internal combustion engine a total of three intake valves assigned to each combustion chamber and two exhaust valves each known, between the cams arranged on two camshafts and the lift valves To provide rocker arm, which is with one of its ends on these globe valves and rest with the other end on hydraulically powered support elements. These support elements rest in oil-supplied from a lubrication system of the internal combustion engine Recordings of the cylinder head. The geometric arrangement is made so that the longitudinal axes of the camshafts transversely to and between the longitudinal axes of each a pivot element associated with the support element and the respective lift valve are arranged. For each cylinder, the exhaust valves and the intake valves are respectively summarized in one of two groups. With respect to a longitudinal median plane of the The cylinder head, seen in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust camshaft, are all the exhaust valves associated support elements arranged such that their longitudinal axes with respect this longitudinal center plane are arranged on the outside. The same arrangement was made on the other side of this longitudinal median plane for the two with respect to a cylinder external intake valves hit. Regarding the third one in the middle Intake valves are the receptacles for the hydraulic support elements adjacent to Longitudinal center plane arranged so that their longitudinal axes compared to the longitudinal axes the other exhaust valves are arranged on the inside. The three support elements the intake valves assigned to a cylinder are thus zigzag-shaped in the longitudinal direction arranged.

Des weiteren ist es aus der DE-42 35 103 A1 bekannt, hydraulische Stützelemente gleichachsig zu den Hubventilen in die Schwenkhebel zu integrieren und diese auf Schwenkachsen zu lagern. Bei dieser andersartigen Ventilsteuerung ist die geometrische Anordnung derart getroffen, daß in Längsrichtung von jeweils einer Nockenwelle gesehen, die Längsachse dieser Nockenwelle zwischen der Längsachse eines Hubventiles und der parallel dazu durch die Schwenkachse verlaufenden Längsachse angeordnet ist, während diese Längsachse der Nockenwelle bezüglich des benachbart dazu liegenden Zylinders außerhalb des zwischen diesen beiden parallelen Längsachsen liegenden Raumes angeordnet ist.Furthermore, it is known from DE-42 35 103 A1, hydraulic support elements coaxial to integrate the lift valves in the swivel levers and these on swivel axes to store. With this different type of valve control, the geometric arrangement is taken in such a way that seen in the longitudinal direction of a camshaft in each case, the longitudinal axis this camshaft between the longitudinal axis of a globe valve and the parallel is arranged through the pivot axis extending longitudinal axis, while this Longitudinal axis of the camshaft with respect to the cylinder lying adjacent to it outside of the space between these two parallel longitudinal axes is arranged.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gattungsgemäße Ventilsteuerung für eine mit Hubventilen ausgerüstete mehrzylindrige Brennkraftmaschine mit einem mit Schwenkhebeln versehenen Ventiltrieb zu schaffen, welche in geometrisch möglichst einfacher Art und Weise in Gruppen zusammengefaßte und dem gleichen Zweck dienende Hubventile betätigt, wobei dieses eine möglichst einfache Fertigung dieser Ventilsteuerung sowie die Verwendung möglichst gleichartiger Bauteile ermöglichen soll. Hierbei soll gleichzeitig die bei Verwendung von hydraulischen Stützelementen erforderliche Ölversorgung sichergestellt und in vergleichsweise einfacher Weise realisiert sein.The invention has for its object to provide a generic valve control for Multi-cylinder internal combustion engine equipped with lifting valves with one with swivel levers to provide provided valve train, which in the simplest possible geometrically and Actuated lift valves grouped in groups and serving the same purpose, this being the simplest possible manufacture of this valve control and its use components that are as similar as possible. Here, the at Use of hydraulic support elements ensures the required oil supply and be implemented in a comparatively simple manner.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1.This object is achieved with the features of patent claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen benannt.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung sieht bei einer gattungsgemäßen Ventilsteuerung vor, daß sich, in Längsrichtung einer jeden Nockenwelle gesehen, jeweils eine einem Zylinder zugeordnete Gruppe gleichartiger Hubventile auf Stützelementen abstützt, deren Längsachsen bezüglich einer Längsmittelebene des Zylinderkopfes außenliegend verlaufen, wobei die dieser in Längsrichtung unmittelbar darauffolgenden Gruppe zugeordneten Längsachsen der Stützelemente des benachbarten Zylinders bezüglich dieser Längsmittelebene innen liegend verlaufen. Vereinfacht ausgedrückt bedeutet diese Merkmalskombination, daß der einem jeden Zylinder zugeordnete Bereich des Zylinderkopfes unter Beibehaltung der Lage der Nockenwellen bezüglich benachbarter Zylinder jeweils symmetrisch zur Längsmittelebene ausgebildet ist, d. h. in der Trennebene zwischen Zylinderkopf und Kurbelgehäuse um 180° gedreht angeordnet ist. The invention provides in a generic valve control that, in the longitudinal direction seen each camshaft, each a group assigned to a cylinder supports similar stroke valves on support elements, the longitudinal axes of which The longitudinal center plane of the cylinder head is on the outside, the latter in the longitudinal direction immediately following group assigned longitudinal axes of the support elements of the adjacent cylinder with respect to this longitudinal median plane. Put simply, this combination of features means that each one Area of the cylinder head assigned to the cylinder while maintaining the position of the camshafts with respect to adjacent cylinders each formed symmetrically to the longitudinal center plane is, d. H. in the parting plane between cylinder head and crankcase by 180 ° is rotated.

Vorteilhafterweise bleibt hierdurch die für eine günstige Kraftübertragung Zwischen Nockenwelle und Schwenkhebel erforderliche Lage der Längsachsen der Nockenwellen zwischen den Längsachsen der Stützelemente und der Hubventile für alle Zylinder und alle Hubventile erhalten. Gleichzeitig ist die geometrische Anordnung von Schwenkhebeln und Stützelementen innerhalb einer jeweils einem Zylinder zugeordneten Gruppe von gleichartigen Ventilen identisch, was fertigungstechnisch ein besonders einfaches Bohrungsbild durch die parallele Anordnung der Längsachsen von Stützelement und Hubventil ergibt.
Die innerhalb einer Gruppe von gleichartigen Hubventilen nicht abwechselnde Lage der Aufnahmen für die Stützelemente ermöglicht eine vergleichsweise einfache Versorgung mit Druck- bzw. Schmieröl.Advantageously, this maintains the position of the longitudinal axes of the camshafts between the longitudinal axes of the support elements and the lift valves, which is required for a favorable power transmission between the camshaft and the pivot lever, for all cylinders and all lift valves. At the same time, the geometrical arrangement of pivoting levers and support elements within a group of identical valves each assigned to a cylinder is identical, which results in a particularly simple bore pattern in terms of production technology due to the parallel arrangement of the longitudinal axes of the support element and the lift valve.
The position of the receptacles for the support elements, which does not alternate within a group of similar lift valves, enables a comparatively simple supply of pressure or lubricating oil.

In besonders bevorzugter Weise ist diese Ventilsteuerung für Brennkraftmaschinen geeignet, deren Zylinderachsen nicht in einer Ebene liegen, d. h. entweder V-förmig zueinander stehen oder in zwei parallelen Reihen zueinander angeordnet sind. Hierbei sind die Zylinderreihen jeweils vergleichsweise dicht aneinander gerückt bzw. ineinander verschränkt, so daß sich entweder eine sogenannte VR-Anordnung oder eine zweireihige Brennkraftmaschine mit z. B. einer Kurbelwelle ergibt.This valve control is particularly preferably suitable for internal combustion engines, whose cylinder axes are not in one plane, d. H. either V-shaped to each other stand or are arranged in two parallel rows to each other. Here are the cylinder rows each comparatively close together or interlocked, so that either a so-called VR arrangement or a two-row internal combustion engine with z. B. results in a crankshaft.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem nachfolgend anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Querschnitt durch eine Ventilsteuerung im Bereich eines Brennraumes,
Figur 2
einen Querschnitt durch einen nicht bestückten Zylinderkopf im Bereich eines Brennraumes benachbart zu dem Brennraum gemäß Figur 1 und
Figur 3
eine Draufsicht auf einen Teil eines nicht bestückten Zylinderkopfes gemäß Figur 1.
Further advantages and features of the invention result from the exemplary embodiment explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing. Show it:
Figure 1
3 shows a cross section through a valve control in the area of a combustion chamber,
Figure 2
a cross section through an unequipped cylinder head in the region of a combustion chamber adjacent to the combustion chamber according to Figure 1 and
Figure 3
2 shows a plan view of part of a cylinder head which is not equipped in accordance with FIG. 1.

Ein Zylinderkopf 1 einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine weist eine einem nicht gezeigten Kurbelgehäuse zuweisende Brennraumfläche 2 mit darin teilweise ausgebildeten Brennräumen 3 auf. In Längsrichtung L ist der Zylinderkopf 1 von seitlichen Wandungen 4 und 5 begrenzt, welche ihrerseits eine parallel zur Brennraumfläche 2 verlaufende Lagerfläche 6 tragen. A cylinder head 1 of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine has one not shown Combustion chamber surface 2 facing the crankcase and partially formed therein Combustion chambers 3. In the longitudinal direction L, the cylinder head 1 is from lateral walls 4 and 5, which in turn defines a bearing surface running parallel to the combustion chamber surface 2 6 wear.

Bezüglich einer eine nicht gezeigte Längsachse einer nicht gezeigten Kurbelwelle aufnehmenden Längsmittelebene E sind in der Lagerfläche 6 spiegelbildlich zueinander liegend Lager 7 und Lager 8 für jeweils eine Nockenwelle 9 und 10 ausgebildet.
Diese Nockenwellen 9, 10 tragen jeweils Nocken 11, 12 welche unter Zwischenschaltung von Schwenkhebeln 14, 15 dem Auslaß dienende Hubventile 16 und dem Einlaß dienende Hubventile 17 betätigen.With regard to a longitudinal center plane E that receives a longitudinal axis (not shown) of a crankshaft (not shown), bearings 7 and bearings 8, each for a camshaft 9 and 10, are formed in mirror image in relation to one another in the bearing surface 6.
These camshafts 9, 10 each carry cams 11, 12 which, with the interposition of pivoting levers 14, 15, actuate lift valves 16 serving the outlet and lift valves 17 serving the inlet.

In Längsrichtung L sind die Brennräume 3 benachbarter Zylinder gleich beabstandet zu und auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Längsmittelebene E angeordnet, so daß von einer zweireihigen Brennkraftmaschine mit einem beiden Reihen gemeinsamen Zylinderkopf 1 gesprochen werden kann.
Die jeweils einem Zylinder zugeordneten Hubventile 16, 17 sind in gleichartig wirkenden Gruppen G16 bzw. G17 zusammengefaßt. Hierbei sind je zwei dem Auslaß dienende Hubventile 16 der einen Gruppe G16 zugeordnet und je zwei dem Einlaß dienende Hubventile 17 der Gruppe G17. Die Hubventile 16 oder 17 einer Gruppe G16 oder G17 sind parallel zueinander und in einer Ebene liegend angeordnet.In the longitudinal direction L, the combustion chambers 3 of adjacent cylinders are equally spaced from and on opposite sides of the longitudinal center plane E, so that one can speak of a two-row internal combustion engine with a cylinder head 1 common to both rows.
The lift valves 16, 17 assigned to each cylinder are combined in groups G 16 and G 17 , which act in the same way. In this case, two lift valves 16 serving the outlet are assigned to one group G 16 , and two lift valves 17 serving the inlet are assigned to group G 17 . The globe valves 16 or 17 of a group G 16 or G 17 are arranged parallel to one another and lying in one plane.

Korrespondierend zu dieser Gruppenanordnung sind auf den Nockenwellen 9, 10 für jeden Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine zwei Nocken 11 und zwei Nocken 12 angeordnet. Die diesen Nocken 11, 12 zugeordneten Schwenkhebel 14, 15 arbeiten mit einem ihrer Enden auf die Hubventile 16, 17, während sich das gegenüberliegende andere Ende jeweils auf einem eine Ventilspielausgleichsvorrichtung beinhaltenden, hydraulischen Stützelement 18, 19 abstützt. Diese sind in aus einem Schmiersystem der Brennkraftmaschine ölversorgten Aufnahmen 20, 21 des Zylinderkopfes 1 gehalten.Corresponding to this group arrangement are on the camshafts 9, 10 for everyone Cylinder of the internal combustion engine two cams 11 and two cams 12 are arranged. The these cams 11, 12 associated pivot levers 14, 15 work with one of their ends on the lift valves 16, 17, while the opposite other end each a hydraulic support element 18 including a valve lash adjuster, 19 supports. These are oil-supplied from a lubrication system of the internal combustion engine Recordings 20, 21 of the cylinder head 1 held.

In Bewegungsrichtung der Hubventile 16, 17 verlaufende Längsachsen 22 sind parallel zu Längsachsen 23 der Stützelemente 18, 19 angeordnet, wobei die Längsachsen 24, 25 der Nockenwellen 9, 10 jeweils quer zu und zwischen den Längsachsen 22 und 23 eines Schwenkhebels 14, 15 verlaufen.
Demzufolge verlaufen die Aufnahmen 20 bzw. 21 parallel zu den für die Aufnahme von Ventilführungen 26 erforderlichen Bohrungen 30, 31 im Zylinderkopf 1.Longitudinal axes 22 extending in the direction of movement of the lift valves 16, 17 are arranged parallel to longitudinal axes 23 of the support elements 18, 19, the longitudinal axes 24, 25 of the camshafts 9, 10 each extending transversely to and between the longitudinal axes 22 and 23 of a pivoting lever 14, 15.
As a result, the receptacles 20 and 21 run parallel to the bores 30, 31 in the cylinder head 1 that are required to hold valve guides 26.

Im übrigen sind den Hubventilen 16, 17 in an sich bekannter Art und Weise Sitzringe 27, Ventilfederteller 28 und Ventilfedern 29 zugeordnet. Otherwise, the lift valves 16, 17 are seat rings 27, Valve spring plate 28 and valve springs 29 assigned.

Wie am Besten aus Figur 1 zu ersehen, sind jedem Brennraum 3 zwei vergleichsweise kurzbauende Hubventile sowie zwei vergleichsweise lang bauende Hubventile zugeordnet. Gemäß dieser Figur 1 sind den der Wandung 5 benachbart liegenden Brennräumen 3 jeweils kurze, dem Einlaß dienende Hubventile 17 sowie lange, dem Auslaß dienende Hubventile 16 zugeordnet.
Der benachbart zu dem Brennraum 3 gemäß Figur 1 liegende Brennraum 3 eines nächsten Zylinders ist gemäß Figur 2 benachbart der Wandung 4 liegend angeordnet. Diese Brennräume 3 weisen jeweils zwei vergleichsweise lang bauende, dem Einlaß dienende Hubventile 17 auf, welche mitsamt ihrer Ventilführungen 26 in Bohrungen 30 eingesetzt sind, sowie zwei vergleichsweise kurz bauende, dem Auslaß dienende Hubventile 16, welche mit ihren Ventilführungen 26 in korrespondierenden Bohrungen 31 gehalten sind.As can best be seen from FIG. 1, two combustion valves 3 are assigned two comparatively short globe valves and two comparatively long globe valves. According to this FIG. 1, the combustion chambers 3 adjacent to the wall 5 are each assigned short, inlet valves 17 and long, outlet valves 16.
The combustion chamber 3 of a next cylinder lying adjacent to the combustion chamber 3 according to FIG. 1 is arranged lying adjacent to the wall 4 according to FIG. These combustion chambers 3 each have two comparatively long, inlet valves 17, which are inserted together with their valve guides 26 in bores 30, and two comparatively short, outlet valves 16, which are held with their valve guides 26 in corresponding bores 31 are.

Aufgrund dieser unterschiedlichen Lage und Länge der jeweils von einer Nockenwelle 9, 10 betätigten Hubventile 16, 17 ist die Lage der Aufnahmen 20 eines bestimmten Zylinders gemäß Figur 1 derart getroffen, daß die zugehörigen Längsachsen 23 jeweils links an den Längsachsen 24 und 25 der Nockenwellen 9 und 10 vorbei weisen.Due to this different position and length of each of a camshaft 9, 10 actuated lift valves 16, 17 is the location of the receptacles 20 of a particular cylinder 1 such that the associated longitudinal axes 23 each on the left Point longitudinal axes 24 and 25 of the camshafts 9 and 10 past.

Bezüglich eines dazu benachbart liegenden Zylinders sind aufgrund dieser unterschiedlichen Lage und Länge der Hubventile 16, 17 die Aufnahmen 21 jeweils derartig angeordnet, daß die Längsachsen 23 der Stützelemente 18, 19 rechts liegend an den Längsachsen 24, 25 der Nockenwellen 9, 10 vorbei weisen.With regard to a cylinder lying adjacent to it, are different due to this Location and length of the globe valves 16, 17, the receptacles 21 each arranged such that the longitudinal axes 23 of the support elements 18, 19 lying on the right on the longitudinal axes 24, 25 of the camshafts 9, 10 point past.

Beispielsweise bezüglich der dem Auslaß dienenden Nockenwelle 9 bedeutet dies, vergleiche Figur 3, daß entlang dieser Nockenwelle 9 zunächst zwei bezüglich der Längsmittelebene E innen liegende Aufnahmen 20 und für den benachbart dazu liegenden Zylinder die Aufnahmen 21 bezüglich dieser Ebene E außen liegend angeordnet sind. Ferner ist aus Figur 3 ersichtlich, daß zwischen den jeweils einem Zylinder zugeordneten Aufnahmen 20 ein Lager 7 oder 8 der Nockenwelle 9 oder 10 angeordnet ist.
Weiterhin erkennbar sind in einer stirnseitigen Wandung 32 des Zylinderkopfes 1 liegende endseitige Lager 7a und 8a, ein eng benachbart zur Längsmittelebene E liegender Schacht 33 zur Aufnahme einer Zündkerze oder einer Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung sowie Durchgangsbohrungen 34 zur Aufnahme von nicht gezeigten Zylinderkopfschrauben. For example, with respect to the camshaft 9 serving for the outlet, this means, compare FIG. 3, that along this camshaft 9 there are initially two receptacles 20 lying inside with respect to the longitudinal center plane E and, for the cylinder lying adjacent thereto, the receptacles 21 lying outside with respect to this plane E. It can also be seen from FIG. 3 that a bearing 7 or 8 of the camshaft 9 or 10 is arranged between the receptacles 20 each assigned to a cylinder.
Also visible in an end wall 32 of the cylinder head 1 are end bearings 7a and 8a, a shaft 33 lying closely adjacent to the longitudinal center plane E for receiving a spark plug or a fuel injection device, and through holes 34 for receiving cylinder head screws (not shown).

Die notwendige Druck- und Schmierölversorgung der Stützelemente 18, 19 sowie der Lager 7, 7a und 8, 8a erfolgt im wesentlichen über insgesamt vier, den Zylinderkopf 1 in Längsrichtung L durchsetzende Ölkanäle 40, 41. Diese werden in nicht gezeigter Weise aus einem Zulauf mit Öl gespeist, alle in der gleichen Richtung durchströmt und führen in Form der gemäß Figur 1 links liegenden Ölkanäle 40 das Öl zu den in den Aufnahmen 20 gehaltenen Stützelementen 18, 19 und in Form der Ölkanäle 41 zu den jeweils rechts liegenden Aufnahmen 21 und den darin gehaltenen Stützelementen 18, 19.
Im Bereich der Lager 7, 7a bzw. 8, 8a führen jeweils mit dem bezüglich der Längsmittelebene E außen liegenden Ölkanal 40 bzw. 41 verbundene Bohrungen 42 das notwendige Schmieröl zu.The necessary supply of pressure and lubricating oil to the support elements 18, 19 and the bearings 7, 7a and 8, 8a takes place essentially via a total of four oil passages 40, 41 passing through the cylinder head 1 in the longitudinal direction L. These are not shown in the drawing from an inlet Oil fed, all flows in the same direction and lead in the form of the oil channels 40 on the left in FIG held support elements 18, 19th
In the area of the bearings 7, 7a and 8, 8a, the necessary lubricating oil is supplied to the bores 42, which are connected to the oil channel 40 and 41 located on the outside with respect to the longitudinal center plane E.

Claims (5)

Ventilsteuerung für eine mit Hubventilen (16, 17) zum Ladungswechsel ausgerüstete Brennkraftmaschine mit mehreren Zylindern, mit in einem Zylinderkopf (1) zwischen Nocken (11, 12) von Nockenwellen (9, 10) und den Hubventilen (16, 17) wirkenden, sich mit einem Ende auf diesen abstützenden Schwenkhebeln (14, 15), welche anderenends auf hydraulischen Stützelementen (18, 19) gelagert sind, welche in aus einem Schmiersystem ölversorgten Aufnahmen (20, 21) ruhen, und mit Längsachsen (24, 25) der Nockenwellen (9, 10), die quer zu und zwischen den Längsachsen (23 und 22) des jeweils einem Schwenkhebel (14, 15) zugeordneten Stützelementes (18, 19) und des Hubventiles (16, 17) verlaufend angeordnet sind, wobei jedem Zylinder eine erste und eine zweite Gruppe (G16 und G17) von dem Einlaß oder dem Auslaß dienenden Hubventilen (16 oder 17) zugeordnet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich in Längsrichtung (L) einer jeden Nockenwelle (9 oder 10) gesehen, jeweils eine einem Zylinder zugeordnete Gruppe (G16 oder G17) gleichartiger Hubventile (16 oder 17) auf Stützelementen (18 oder 19) abstützt, deren Längsachsen (23) bezüglich der Längsachse (24 oder 25) der jeweiligen Nockenwelle (9 oder 10) auf einer Seite liegend verlaufen und die dieser in Längsrichtung (L) unmittelbar darauf folgenden Gruppe (G16 oder G17) zugeordneten Längsachsen (23) der Stützelemente (18 oder 19) des benachbarten Zylinders bezüglich dieser Längsachse (24 oder 25) auf der anderen Seite liegend verlaufen.Valve control for an internal combustion engine equipped with lift valves (16, 17) for gas exchange with several cylinders, with one acting in a cylinder head (1) between cams (11, 12) of camshafts (9, 10) and the lift valves (16, 17) with one end on these supporting swivel levers (14, 15), which are mounted at the other ends on hydraulic support elements (18, 19) which rest in receptacles (20, 21) supplied with oil from a lubrication system, and with longitudinal axes (24, 25) of the camshafts (9, 10) which extend transversely to and between the longitudinal axes (23 and 22) of the respective support element (18, 19) assigned to a pivoting lever (14, 15) and the lift valve (16, 17), each cylinder having a first and second groups (G 16 and G 17 ) of the inlet or outlet serving lift valves (16 or 17) are assigned,
characterized in that, seen in the longitudinal direction (L) of each camshaft (9 or 10), a group (G 16 or G 17 ) of the same type (17 or 17 ) of the same type which is supported on supporting elements (18 or 19) whose support Longitudinal axes (23) lie on one side with respect to the longitudinal axis (24 or 25) of the respective camshaft (9 or 10) and the longitudinal axes (23) of the group (G 16 or G 17 ) immediately following this in the longitudinal direction (L) Support elements (18 or 19) of the adjacent cylinder run lying on the other side with respect to this longitudinal axis (24 or 25). Ventilsteuerung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Zylinderachsen von unmittelbar benachbarten Zylindern V-förmig zueinander verlaufend angeordnet sind und der Zylinderkopf (1) alle diesen Zylindern zugeordneten Brennräume (3) überdeckt. Valve control according to claim 1, characterized in that cylinder axes of immediately adjacent cylinders are arranged in a V-shape and the cylinder head (1) covers all combustion chambers (3) assigned to these cylinders. Ventilsteuerung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Längsachsen (22 und 23) von einem Schwenkhebel (14, 15) zugeordnetem Stützelement (18, 19) und Hubventil (16, 17) parallel zueinander verlaufen.Valve control according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the longitudinal axes (22 and 23) of a pivoting lever (14, 15) associated support element (18, 19) and The lift valve (16, 17) is parallel to each other. Ventilsteuerung nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Längsachse (22) von den jeweils einer der Gruppen (G16, G17) zugeordneten Hubventilen (16, 17) parallel zueinander und in einer gemeinsamen Ebene verlaufend angeordnet sind.Valve control according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal axis (22) of the respective lifting valves (16, 17) assigned to one of the groups (G 16 , G 17 ) are arranged parallel to one another and running in a common plane. Ventilsteuerung nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Längsachsen (23) von einem Brennraum (3) zugeordneten Stützelementen (18, 19) auf der gleichen Seite bezüglich der Längsachsen (24 und 25) der Nockenwellen (9 und 10) liegend an diesen vorbei weisend angeordnet sind.Valve control according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the longitudinal axes (23) are assigned by a combustion chamber (3) Support elements (18, 19) on the same side with respect to the longitudinal axes (24 and 25) the camshafts (9 and 10) are arranged lying facing them.
EP97117061A 1996-11-29 1997-10-01 Valve control for an internal combustion engine provided with lift valves for the gas exchange Expired - Lifetime EP0845582B1 (en)

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DE19649584 1996-11-29
DE19649584 1996-11-29

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EP (1) EP0845582B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH10184318A (en)
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ES (1) ES2146057T3 (en)
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JP6146648B2 (en) * 2013-01-10 2017-06-14 スズキ株式会社 Engine cylinder head
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ES2146057T3 (en) 2000-07-16
PT845582E (en) 2000-07-31
US5996541A (en) 1999-12-07
EP0845582B1 (en) 2000-04-05
CN1085289C (en) 2002-05-22
DE59701398D1 (en) 2000-05-11
CN1187577A (en) 1998-07-15
JPH10184318A (en) 1998-07-14

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