EP0845068B1 - Ameliorations apportees a des carreaux et a des revetements de sols - Google Patents

Ameliorations apportees a des carreaux et a des revetements de sols Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0845068B1
EP0845068B1 EP96927766A EP96927766A EP0845068B1 EP 0845068 B1 EP0845068 B1 EP 0845068B1 EP 96927766 A EP96927766 A EP 96927766A EP 96927766 A EP96927766 A EP 96927766A EP 0845068 B1 EP0845068 B1 EP 0845068B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tiles
laid
tile
filler material
sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96927766A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0845068A1 (fr
Inventor
Clifford Bruce Pollit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cairn Holdings UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Cairn Holdings UK Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9516682.3A external-priority patent/GB9516682D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9525851.3A external-priority patent/GB9525851D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9600208.4A external-priority patent/GB9600208D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9605376.4A external-priority patent/GB9605376D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9607224.4A external-priority patent/GB9607224D0/en
Application filed by Cairn Holdings UK Ltd filed Critical Cairn Holdings UK Ltd
Publication of EP0845068A1 publication Critical patent/EP0845068A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0845068B1 publication Critical patent/EP0845068B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
    • E04F21/20—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring

Definitions

  • THIS INVENTION relates to tiles and floor surfaces in particular tiled surfaces e.g. floors, kitchen tops and other working surfaces.
  • tiles is intended to include floor elements such as wood blocks, bricks, tiles e.g. of ceramic or clay or concrete or brick, and paviours.
  • US-A-1643879 discloses a method of forming a floor surface from tiles comprising laying the tiles on a substrate without adhesive beneath the tiles, and applying filler material between adjacent tiles after laying to hold the tiles in relative position.
  • a method of forming a floor surface from tiles comprises laying the tiles on a substrate without adhesive beneath the tiles, and applying filler material between adjacent tiles after laying to hold the tiles in relative position characterised in that the filler material is settable and non-adhesive.
  • the tiles may be joined around their peripheries by the filler material.
  • the method may comprise laying a flexible sheet on the substrate and laying the tiles above the sheet.
  • the sheet may be apertured with filler material in the apertures.
  • a screed may be laid on the sheet and the tiles laid on the screed.
  • the screed may be of filler material.
  • a tile for use in a method as above has a recess in a peripheral face for receipt of filler material characterised in that the recess has a re-entrant portion.
  • the tile may have a recess e.g. a groove in an underface.
  • the invention includes a floor formed by a method as above.
  • Fig. 1 shows parts of two side walls 10, 11 of a room and flooring 12 in the room.
  • a strip 13 of, for example, wood is laid against the bottom inner face 14 of wall 10.
  • a plurality of flat floor elements 15, for example, wood blocks or bricks or tiles, are then laid on the surface which supports the floor, for example, a flat concrete base 9.
  • the elements 15 are laid if desired in a pattern with adjacent elements abutting along their straight sides.
  • the individual elements 15 are not secured to the base 9. Any small gaps between adjacent elements can be filled with a suitable filler e.g. non-cementitious grouting material for both thin and thicker elements.
  • a grouting material when it sets after filling, assists in holding the tiles in relative position.
  • a suitably shaped plastics positioning spacer with arms for example 2mm or more wide, may be placed between adjacent elements 15, for example as in Fig. 2a.
  • the strips 13, 15 can be covered by decorative strips 20 (Fig. 3) or the adjacent elements 15 can be shaped to overlie the strips 13 (Fig. 2) or the joint 17 can be hidden (Fig. 5).
  • the distance X, Fig. 1 is selected such that the floor is not subject to unacceptable buckling.
  • the strip 13 is preferably secured to base 9.
  • Figures la to Id show various patterns of tile laying for example.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 show another arrangement in which each tile 70 has a top 71 and a peripheral groove 72 and, on each side, one or more spacer lugs 73 which can be integral with the tile 70 or separate therefrom. Typically, the lugs 73 are below the groove 72.
  • Tiles 70 are laid in a desired manner on a substrate, for example a concrete or timber or bitumen floor possibly with an interposed flexible plastics sheet or a plastics sheet and adjacent tiles are spaced by lugs 73. A grout is then injected into the groove 72 and the space between the tiles around the tile peripheries, without contacting the underfaces of the tiles, to hold the assembly in place and the tiles in relative position.
  • a cross-member 80 similar to element 17 may additionally hold the tiles in place under lateral compressing force before application of the grout.
  • the member 80 may be screwed to the substrate or sheet.
  • a thin layer 81 of sand or other suitable material for example vermiculite or granulated cork may be on the substrate or sheet to assist in levelling of the tiles.
  • the lugs 73 provide evenness of spacing between tiles and evenness of joints.
  • the lugs 73 may provide a minimum joint width of for example 4mm.
  • the lugs may be on only two opposite sides and different sides may have different numbers and positioning of the lugs.
  • the assembly may be under lateral pressure as above.
  • the filler material is of a loose or flowable consistency prior to application as a filler.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates an arrangement for internal or external (out of doors) flooring or paving.
  • a clay or concrete paving element is laid either onto a concrete or other rigid base, or alternatively is laid onto a flexible base consisting of compacted stone and sand, or other similar surface.
  • the paving elements 90 for example are either rectangular or square in clay, stone or other similar material and the elements are grooved around the edges horizontally and/or vertically 91, 92 during the manufacturing process and also have spacer lugs 93 incorporated at the time of manufacture to allow consistent and known jointing widths. These spacer lugs 93 are sized to give a minimum joint of 4mm wide.
  • an edge of the area to be paved is provided with a restraint either concreted or screwed into place to form a firm barrier up to which the paving elements can commence to be laid.
  • a lateral restraining strip e.g. strip 17 may be incorporated to ensure the paving elements are firmly held in position.
  • a tile is similar to Fig. 6 but the groove 91a is not symmetrical about a horizontal plane but, in the example shown, is inclined downwards to provide a re-entrant portion and to provide an added keying effect resisting lateral separation between adjacent tiles.
  • Grooves 92 and/or spacers 93 may optionally be provided.
  • Fig. 7 Also shown in Fig. 7 is a further possible modification in which the underface 100 of the tile is not fiat but for example has one or more parallel grooves 101 (with or without grooves 91, 92). There may be grooves similar to grooves 101 extending transverse to the grooves 101.
  • the tile/paver may be laid on a thin layer of particulate material e.g. sand which acts to provide a substantially flat surface.
  • particulate material e.g. sand which acts to provide a substantially flat surface.
  • the tile/paver can be laid on a screed of a loose or flowable mixture of polybutadiene and dry sand which sets after the tiles are laid to hold the tiles in place when they are grouted with the same material, alleviating the need to have tiles with a groove on either the side or underneath.
  • This makes it possible to lay most ungrooved tiles without using any adhesive, that is, a substance which is already adhesive when applied to a surface or is sticky when touched.
  • a filler material like sand or a material which may have a holding effect when set e.g. a cementitious grout which has a bonding effect or the mixture of dry sand and polybutadiene which holds the element by close contact rather than a bonding.
  • the grouting or filler material in the various embodiments may comprise a mixture of dry (e.g. kiln dried) quartz sand and polybutadiene e.g. from 2 to 4% by weight of the mixture which hardens after mixing (and after application as filler or grouting).
  • This mixture can be laid on a base surface to provide a level surface and the tiles then laid and the mixture enters into grooves 101 to provide a key similar to a tongue and groove, or the subsequent grouting with the mixture into gaps between tiles causes at least part of grooves 101 to receive hardenable grouting material which is supplied to the gaps between the tiles and to grooves 91, 92.
  • FIGS 8 to 10 A further embodiment is shown in Figures 8 to 10 in which are side, side and plan views of a tile having a base 110 and a central upstanding part 111.
  • the tile is for internal or external use and may be in any suitable material, for example clay, concrete, ceramic, terracotta.
  • the gap or joint 112 between parts 111 of adjacent tiles may be filled as above but may be filled in a lower portion by sand and in an upper portion by a mixture of sand and polybutadiene as above.
  • Peripheral grooves 113 flanking the joint and spacer extensions 114 like lugs 93 between adjacent tiles can be provided as above.
  • Fig. 11 shows a further example of tile or paver 120 with a fluted portion 121.
  • the portion 121 can be a lower part of an upper inset portion 122 on a lower wider portion 124. Corner parts 123 may be flat. Spacers 125 can be provided as above. Fluting results in an improved key for the grouting or filler material. As shown in Fig. 11a the fluting can be a saw-tooth form.
  • Figs. 12, 13 show a further arrangement in which a flexible thin sheet 140 e.g of plastics is in the form of a lattice with apertures 141 in a regular square away and having sides 142 which incline inwards as they extend downwards.
  • the apertures may be 10mm square and the spacing Y may be 2mm and the spacing T may be 2mm.
  • the sheet 140 is placed on a substantially flat substrate 9 and the tiles 143 laid on to the sheet 140 after the apertures 141 have been filled with a non-bonding grouting material e.g. a mixture of sand and polybutadiene as above.
  • the tiles are preferably grooved in any of the ways mentioned above and with spacers.
  • the spacers may be provided by thin clips 144 which embrace an edge of an aperture 141 and have an upstanding part 145 against which a side of a tile can abut.
  • the joints 146 between tiles are then formed in any of the ways above.
  • the substrate could have a top levelling screed.
  • the sheet may be fixed to the substrate e.g. by nails or screws.
  • the sheet 140 is laid on the floor with the lengths 150, 151 of the lattice at an angle to the sides 152, 153 of the room so that the sides of a tile 154 intersect a number of apertures 141 to provide locations for clips 144.
  • the material in apertures 141 may because of the shape of the apertures press on the sheet 140 and assist in holding the sheet in place.
  • Figs. 15 and 15A show a further example of square or rectangular paver 160 having top face 161 and inclined side faces 162, the lower portions of which are formed with a number of recesses 163, for example extending upwards from the lower edge 164 for receipt of filler material as shown in the filler material 165 as shown in the end view of Fig. 15A; the width of the top of the joint may for example be between 5mm and 6mm.
  • the shape of the recesses 163 can be varied for example of uniform cross-section or be curved to have a maximum cross-section mid-way the ends.
  • the recesses 163 may be on all sides or two opposed sides.
  • the paver 160 may include a flat sided base portion 166 (not shown in Fig. 15A)
  • one or more recesses may be formed in one or more of the tile side surfaces.
  • an impregnating sealant may be applied to exposed surfaces of the grouting material after this has set.
  • Tiles or other floor elements laid as above are easy to lift, e.g. for maintenance or replacement, restoration of a peripheral joint being relatively straight-forward.
  • the invention can be applied to the formation or laying of other indoor surfaces e.g kitchen tops or working surfaces.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de formation d'une surface du sol au moyen de carreaux, comprenant la pose des carreaux sur un substrat sans adhésif au-dessous des carreaux, et l'application d'une matière de remplissage entre des carreaux adjacents après la pose pour maintenir les carreaux en position relative, caractérisé en ce que la matière de remplissage est durcissable et non adhésive.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une feuille souple est posée sur le substrat et les carreaux sont posés au-dessus de la feuille souple.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la feuille souple est perforée et la matière de remplissage est placée dans les perforations.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un guide est posé et les carreaux sont posés au-dessus du guide.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un guide est posé sur la feuille et les carreaux sont posés sur le guide.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le guide est en matière de remplissage.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la matière de remplissage est un mélange de sable sec et de polybutadiène.
  8. Carreau destiné à être utilisé dans un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel le carreau présente un évidement dans une face périphérique pour recevoir une matière de remplissage, caractérisé en ce que la gorge (91a) présente une partie rentrante (91a).
  9. Carreau selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la face inférieure (100) du carreau présente un évidement (101).
  10. Carreau selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'évidement (101) situé dans la face inférieure se présente sous la forme d'une gorge.
  11. Carreau selon la revendication 10, dans lequel la gorge (101) est plus étroite à la face inférieure (100) qu'en un emplacement espacé de la face inférieure (100).
  12. Surface de sol formée par un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.
EP96927766A 1995-08-15 1996-08-13 Ameliorations apportees a des carreaux et a des revetements de sols Expired - Lifetime EP0845068B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9516682.3A GB9516682D0 (en) 1995-08-15 1995-08-15 Improvements in or relating to floors and methods of laying floors
GB9516682 1995-08-15
GBGB9521650.3A GB9521650D0 (en) 1995-08-15 1995-10-23 Improvements in or relating to surfaces
GB9521650 1995-10-23
GBGB9521824.4A GB9521824D0 (en) 1995-08-15 1995-10-25 Improvements in or relating to surfaces
GB9521824 1995-10-25
GBGB9525851.3A GB9525851D0 (en) 1995-08-15 1995-12-18 Improvements in or relating to surfaces
GB9525851 1995-12-18
GB9600208 1996-01-05
GBGB9600208.4A GB9600208D0 (en) 1995-08-15 1996-01-05 Improvements in or relating to surfaces
GBGB9605376.4A GB9605376D0 (en) 1995-08-15 1996-03-14 Improvements in or relating to surfaces
GB9605376 1996-03-14
GBGB9607224.4A GB9607224D0 (en) 1995-08-15 1996-04-04 Improvements in or relating to surfaces
GB9607224 1996-04-04
PCT/GB1996/001969 WO1997007303A1 (fr) 1995-08-15 1996-08-13 Ameliorations apportees a des carreaux et a des revetements de sols

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0845068A1 EP0845068A1 (fr) 1998-06-03
EP0845068B1 true EP0845068B1 (fr) 2000-03-01

Family

ID=27562923

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96927766A Expired - Lifetime EP0845068B1 (fr) 1995-08-15 1996-08-13 Ameliorations apportees a des carreaux et a des revetements de sols

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0845068B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11511213A (fr)
CN (1) CN1192795A (fr)
AT (1) ATE190104T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU713612B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2226288A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69606870D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2146897T3 (fr)
TR (1) TR199800228T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997007303A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6228126B1 (en) * 1999-08-17 2001-05-08 National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation Paper prepared from aldehyde modified cellulose pulp and the method of making the pulp
US6709192B2 (en) * 2000-09-05 2004-03-23 The Fort Miller Group, Inc. Method of forming, installing and a system for attaching a pre-fabricated pavement slab to a subbase and the pre-fabricated pavement slab so formed
GB2398791B (en) 2001-11-02 2004-10-13 John Thomas Liddy Improved block paving sand
GB2465971A (en) 2008-12-02 2010-06-09 John Thomas Liddy Material for filling gaps between paving blocks
GB2489260A (en) 2011-03-23 2012-09-26 John Thomas Liddy Paving material including a water-soluble formaldehyde based resin and acid
HUE052675T2 (hu) * 2015-06-29 2021-05-28 Mbi Group B V Eljárás réteges burkolólap elõállítására, és az eljárással elõállított termék

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL273944A (fr) * 1900-01-01
US1643879A (en) * 1926-04-22 1927-09-27 Meyer Emil De Cement-block pavement
DE3310281A1 (de) * 1983-03-22 1984-10-04 Günter 5902 Netphen Werthebach Platte fuer wand- und bodenaufbau
FR2567944B1 (fr) * 1984-07-23 1986-09-05 Liotard Andre Procede de pose de carreaux ou carrelage en revetement de sols et elements de construction pour la mise en oeuvre du procede
US4942072A (en) * 1989-05-11 1990-07-17 Chung Farn Juoh Carpet tiles with edges projections and grooves

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6747096A (en) 1997-03-12
CA2226288A1 (fr) 1997-02-27
JPH11511213A (ja) 1999-09-28
EP0845068A1 (fr) 1998-06-03
CN1192795A (zh) 1998-09-09
DE69606870D1 (de) 2000-04-06
ES2146897T3 (es) 2000-08-16
WO1997007303A1 (fr) 1997-02-27
AU713612B2 (en) 1999-12-09
ATE190104T1 (de) 2000-03-15
TR199800228T1 (xx) 1998-05-21

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