EP0844336A2 - Bornes - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0844336A2
EP0844336A2 EP97309361A EP97309361A EP0844336A2 EP 0844336 A2 EP0844336 A2 EP 0844336A2 EP 97309361 A EP97309361 A EP 97309361A EP 97309361 A EP97309361 A EP 97309361A EP 0844336 A2 EP0844336 A2 EP 0844336A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bollard
fixture
bollard according
frame
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97309361A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0844336A3 (fr
Inventor
Kenneth Henry Knight
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9624406.6A external-priority patent/GB9624406D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9624405.8A external-priority patent/GB9624405D0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0844336A2 publication Critical patent/EP0844336A2/fr
Publication of EP0844336A3 publication Critical patent/EP0844336A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F13/00—Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades ; Preventing passage of vehicles of selected category or dimensions
    • E01F13/12—Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades ; Preventing passage of vehicles of selected category or dimensions for forcibly arresting or disabling vehicles, e.g. spiked mats
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/003—Individual devices arranged in spaced relationship, e.g. buffer bollards
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/60—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs
    • E01F9/658—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing
    • E01F9/673—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing for holding sign posts or the like
    • E01F9/677—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing for holding sign posts or the like the sign posts being removable without tools, e.g. of stud-and-socket type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/60—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs
    • E01F9/658—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing
    • E01F9/673—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing for holding sign posts or the like
    • E01F9/681—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing for holding sign posts or the like the sign posts being fastened by removable means, e.g. screws or bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/60—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs
    • E01F9/658—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing
    • E01F9/673—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing for holding sign posts or the like
    • E01F9/685—Subsoil means, e.g. foundations

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns bollards, and in particular but not exclusively to bollards for preventing unauthorised vehicular access therepast.
  • bollard an upstanding barrier member, referred to herein as a bollard
  • relatively wide vehicles such as cars, vans, caravans etc. therepast
  • pedestrian and narrow vehicles such as bicycles therepast.
  • the prevention of such vehicular access may be to keep a street or other area of land free from such vehicles to provide a generally vehicle free area.
  • a further application for bollards can be to provide a security barrier around an object, building etc. to prevent unauthorised vehicular access to that building or object.
  • Particularly in mind are banks, shops, homes, offices and the like, which can be vulnerable to being rammed by a vehicle for rapid unauthorised access thereto usually with criminal intentions by the vehicle occupant(s).
  • bollards In many applications of bollards, the occasion arises when it would be preferable if the bollard could be temporarily removed. Currently, in situations where these occasions are anticipated, the bollards are not secured to the ground and therefore only provide a weak barrier.
  • bollards are formed of cementitious material, such as concrete and tend to be relatively long and narrow in cross-section and although they comprise an integral steel framework, are relatively weak and cannot withstand the impact of being rammed by a motor vehicle, such as a car, and therefore any access restriction or protection afforded thereby can be readily overcome in this manner.
  • a bollard particularly for preventing vehicular access therepast, the bollard comprising a body and fixture engaging means operable to anchor the body to a fixture to extend therefrom, the body being so shaped to deflect a vehicle impacting thereon away from direct collision.
  • the body is so shaped to facilitate efficient dissipation of any impact forces to mitigate damage potential thereto.
  • the shape may facilitate dissipation of impact forces into the fixture.
  • the body is so shaped to present a deflecting surface to a vehicle impacting thereon whereby to deflect the vehicle generally away from the axis of direct approach of the vehicle.
  • the surface is non-vertical and preferably acts to deflect a vehicle impacting thereon generally upwards.
  • the non-vertical deflecting surface may extend upward from the fixture at an angle of between 40-70° from the plane of the fixture, and desirably at an angle of substantially 55°.
  • the body is so shaped to present a further deflecting surface to a vehicle impacting thereon, which surface may act to deflect the vehicle generally to one side of the bollard.
  • a further deflecting surface to a vehicle impacting thereon, which surface may act to deflect the vehicle generally to one side of the bollard.
  • two such further deflecting surfaces are provided generally one at each side of the said one deflecting surface.
  • the or each further surface is desirably inclined from the vertical, preferably at the same or similar angle as the said one deflecting surface.
  • the body is generally pyramidal, and may have a triangular, square or polygonal base.
  • the apex of the body may comprise a flat surface, which may provide means for lifting of the bollard before fixture, which means may comprise a hole, hook or loop or any other suitable means for engagement of lifting apparatus, such as a crane.
  • edges of the body are substantially smoothed to render manual lifting of the bollard difficult.
  • the said one deflecting surface may comprise an edge of the body.
  • the body may comprise cementitious material which may comprise additives to increase the impact resistance of the bollard.
  • the fixture engaging means is securely attached to, and desirably embedded in, the body to extend therefrom for location in a fixture, such as the ground.
  • the means may comprise a shaft, which may comprise keying formation(s) to help secure the shaft to the body.
  • the key formations may comprise one or more, and desirably a series of projections extending radially from the shaft to key into the body, for example during moulding of the body therearound.
  • the portion of the shaft extending from the body for location in the fixture may also comprise keying means desirably as described above.
  • the fixture engaging means may be embeddable in settable material provided in the fixture, such as a cementitious material, to anchor the body to the fixture.
  • This invention also provides a method of forming a bollard as described in any of the preceding eight paragraphs, which method comprises locating fixture engaging means in a mould to partially extend therefrom and to form a body therearound from settable flowable material, whereby the engagement means is securely embedded within the body with a portion thereof extending from the body for securing to a fixture.
  • the invention also provides a removable bollard comprising a body and fixing means for releasable anchorage of the body to a fixture, wherein the fixing means is shielded between the fixture and body from unauthorised access thereto whereby to substantially prevent unauthorised removal of the bollard.
  • the fixing means is located in use within a fixture, and desirably embedded therein with the body generally butting the surface of the fixture through which the fixing means extends for anchorage.
  • the fixing means is selectively accessible from a position on the exterior of the body.
  • the fixing means defines a passage through the body for access to an attachment arrangement of the fixing means.
  • the attachment arrangement is located, in use, within a fixture.
  • the passage is preferably defined in part along a projecting portion extending from the body.
  • the passage may be defined by a tubular member of the fixture means extending through and projecting from the body.
  • the fixture means further comprises a socket securely locatable in a fixture to receive the said projecting portion.
  • the socket may comprise one or more keying formation(s) operable to key into the fixture whereby to secure fixing thereof to the fixture.
  • the attachment arrangement comprises cooperable members arranged to attach the projection in the socket.
  • the attachment arrangement may comprise inter-connectable threaded members, such as a cooperable nut member and a threaded projection.
  • the threaded projection is securely attached to the socket and preferably extends in use through an aperture in the projecting portion when located for fixture in the socket, for cooperable engagement with the nut member, whereby to provide for secure clamping of the projecting portion between the socket and the nut member.
  • the nut member is accessible through the passage for selective movement on the threaded projection, desirably using an elongate tool locatable down the passage to be engageable with the nut and manipulable from outside the body.
  • the passage is shaped to direct the tool into engagement with the nut.
  • the passage may taper toward the attachment arrangement.
  • the passage may comprise a substantially frusto conical insert in the free end of the projecting portion.
  • the nut is shaped to be engageable only with a predetermined tool comprising a corresponding configuration whereby to provide security against unauthorised manipulation of the attachment arrangement.
  • the nut may comprise a pattern of projections or recesses, desirably extending therearound, for cooperable engagement with corresponding recesses/projections on the tool, desirably around the inside of a socket of the tool to receive the nut member.
  • the nut member and socket of the tool may be cooperably conical.
  • the tool may comprise handle means to facilitate rotation thereof and thereby rotation of the nut member.
  • closure means is provided for selective closure of the passage.
  • the closure means may be generally located at the point of entry thereof to the body.
  • the invention also provides in a further aspect a bollard comprising a body of cast material, and reinforcing means embedded within the cast material, the reinforcing means comprising reinforcing members interconnected to form a frame which reinforces the body.
  • the frame is preferably similar in shape to the external shape of the bollard.
  • the bollard may be a pyramid, preferably triangular.
  • the frame preferably comprises reinforcing members which lie adjacent the outer surface of the bollard.
  • the reinforcing members may lie adjacent at least part of substantially every face of the outer surface.
  • the frame may comprise a mesh member and the mesh member may lie adjacent the outer surface of the bollard.
  • mesh sheets are arranged for form a frame having substantially the same shape as the bollard.
  • An elongate reinforcing member may be located within the body, to lie parallel with and adjacent to an edge of the bollard.
  • the elongate reinforcing member may extend along substantially the whole length of the edge.
  • the elongate reinforcing member may be formed from round bar.
  • respective elongate members are located parallel with and adjacent to each edge of the bollard.
  • the bollard preferably further comprises a pillar for securing the bollard in position.
  • the frame is preferably attached to the pillar, preferably prior to casting.
  • the cast material may be a cementitious material, preferably concrete. At least some of the reinforcing means comprise steel members. The reinforcing members may be welded to form the frame.
  • the invention also provides a method of forming a bollard, in which reinforcing members are interconnected to form a reinforcing frame, and in which the frame is embedded in castable material forming the body of the bollard.
  • the method may be used to form a bollard having any of the features set out above in relation to the further aspect of the invention.
  • a bollard 10 particularly for preventing vehicular access therepast, the bollard 10 comprising a body 12 and fixture engaging means 14 operable to anchor the body 12 to a fixture, such as the ground G wherefrom the body 12 extends to present an obstruction, the body 12 being so shaped to deflect a vehicle impacting thereon away from direct collision whereby to mitigate the force of the impact on the bollard 10.
  • the body 12 is substantially pyramidal in shape, having a triangular base 16 and three similar, upwardly extending triangular sides 18 which converge towards an upper triangular top surface 20.
  • the edges 22 along which the respective sides 18 join are rounded to render the bollard 10 difficult to manually lift.
  • An aperture 24 is provided in the top surface 20 for location of a crane hook or the like whereby to facilitate lifting of the bollard 10 prior to fixture.
  • the body 12 comprises a cementitious material which may comprise one or more additives to enhance its strength and resistance to breakage upon impact by a vehicle, such as a motorcar, relative to conventional concrete compositions.
  • the fixture engaging means 14 comprises a tubular shaft 26 embedded centrally within the body 12 to extend from the top surface 20 down through the body 12 to protrude from the base 16. Radially extending projections 28 are provided at spaced intervals down the length of the shaft 26. These projections 28 help to secure the fixture means 14 in the body, whilst the projections 28 on the exposed part of the shaft 26 are provided to secure location of the engaging means 14 with the ground G.
  • a hole H is formed at the site at which it is desired to install the bollard 10 in the ground.
  • the hole H is filled with a sufficient amount of settable cementitious material, such as liquid concrete, and the bollard 10 is pushed into the concrete C such that the protruding portion of the shaft 26 is embedded in the concrete C, and the base 16 rests on the surface of the concrete. Whilst in liquid form, the concrete accepts the shaft 26 and conforms around the projections 28 to provide for secure fixture of the bollard 10 in the ground G, once the concrete C has set.
  • the orientation of the bollard 10 is arranged such that a desired face of the bollard 10 faces a direction of potential approach of a vehicle. It is intended that an edge 22 should face the direction of approach of a vehicle to impact the bollard 10, with two respective surfaces 18 extending from that edge 22 at an angle to each side thereof, to provide for sideway deflection.
  • the bollard 10 In use, should a vehicle, such as a motorcar attempt to ram the bollard 10 in an attempt to destroy it, and thereby gain unauthorised access to an area or facility protected by the bollard 10, upon impact of the vehicle on the edge 22, the angle thereof will deflect the vehicle generally upward, thereby immobilising the vehicle whilst mitigating the forces absorbed by the bollard 10 as a result of the impact.
  • the shape of the bollard 10 lessens the impact of the vehicle through deflection of the vehicle, and also helps to efficiently dissipate the impact forces therethrough and into the ground. Therefore, the bollard 10 is considerably more resistant to damage by vehicular ramming than conventional bollards. Furthermore, the increased strength of the material used also helps to prevent damage of the bollard 10 through ramming.
  • the body 12 may comprise a square or polygonal base 16, provided appropriate deflecting surfaces are provided as explained above.
  • the body 12 may be moulded from liquid cementitious material, in a suitably shaped mould, wherein the shaft 26 is appropriately located within the liquid material in the mould, such that the material sets around the shaft for secure embedment thereof.
  • an alternative embodiment of the invention is a removable bollard 110.
  • This comprises a body 112 and fixing means 114 for releasable anchorage of the body 112 to a fixture, such as the ground G, wherein the fixing means 114 is shielded between the ground G and body 112 from unauthorised access thereto whereby to substantially prevent unauthorised removal of the bollard 110.
  • the removable bollard is generally of pyramidal configuration comprising a base 116 and three similar upwardly extending sides 118 which sides converge towards an upper triangular top surface 120.
  • the bollard is preferably formed from concrete, and desirably strengthened concrete which may comprise strengthening additives.
  • the fixing means 114 comprises a tubular shaft 122 extending through the body 112 from the top surface 120, through the base 116 to project therefrom a distance, predetermined to generally correspond to the depth of anchorage of the bollard 110 in the ground G.
  • the shaft 122 defines a central passage 124 therealong, and comprises a tapered insert 126 in the free end of the projecting portion thereof, which tapered insert tapers inwardly in a direction away from the body 112.
  • Keying formations 128 extend from the outer surface of the portion of the shaft 122 located in the body 112 to provide for secure fixture of the shaft 122 in the body 112.
  • the fixing means 114 also comprises a tubular socket 130 which in use is embedded in the ground G to slidingly receive the projecting portion of the shaft 122.
  • the socket 130 comprises a base plate 132 which acts in similar manner to the keying formations 128 to help secure embedment of the socket 130 in the ground G.
  • Extending upwardly from the base plate 132 into the passage 134 defined in the socket 130 is a central threaded projection 136.
  • the projection 136 in use extends through a corresponding aperture 138 (Fig.
  • the invention also provides a tool 142, as shown in Fig. 10, which provides for selective manipulation of the nut 140 on the threaded projection 136 from outside the body 112 of the bollard 110.
  • the tool 142 comprises an elongate stem 144 at one end of which is provided a socket 146.
  • the socket 146 comprises a recess 148 in its free end thereof, which recess is generally circular in cross-section with a predetermined pattern of channels 149 extending down the length of the recess 148 to provide keying location over the nut 140 as will be explained.
  • a handle 150 is provided at the other end of the stem 144 for manual grip.
  • Fig. 12 shows a perspective view of the nut 140.
  • the nut 140 is generally cylindrical, defining a central threaded passage 152, and a plurality of keying formations 154 projecting outwardly therefrom in a pattern that corresponds to the pattern of channels 149 in the socket 146 whereby to provide for cooperation between the nut 140 and the socket 146 and thereby receipt of the nut 140 in the socket 146.
  • a cover 156 is provided in the top surface 120 to provide for selective opening and closing of the passage 124.
  • the bollard 110 is formed by locating the shaft 122 centrally within a mould, and then introducing liquid concrete or other suitable settable material into the mould to conform to the shape of the mould and around the shaft 122 and keying formations 128. Upon solidification of the concrete the body 112 is formed and the shaft 122 securely located therein.
  • the site for fixture of the bollard 110 is chosen, and a suitable hole H is dug in the ground G, and a bed of concrete 158 is poured into the hole H.
  • the socket 130 is located within the liquid concrete usually generally centrally such that the socket 130 opens at the upper surface 160 of the concrete, without projecting therefrom.
  • the concrete bed 158 has set the socket is securely fixed in the ground G.
  • the remainder of the bollard 110 is then introduced above the socket 130 and the projecting part of the shaft 122 is slidingly inserted down the socket 130, until it abuts the base plate 132 with the threaded projection 136 extending through the aperture 138.
  • the length of the projecting portion and the depth of the socket 130 correspond, such that the body 112 is generally in abutment with the upper surface 160 of the concrete bed 158.
  • the socket 146 is preferably magnetic, and a nut 140 is inserted therein, such that the keying formations 154 are located in the corresponding channels 149.
  • the magnetism holds the metallic nut 140 in the socket.
  • the stem 144 of the tool 142 is then inserted down the passage 124 of the shaft 122, the tapered insert 126 guiding the tool and thereby the nut 140 to correctly locate over the threaded projection 136, such that upon full insertion of the tool, the tool can be rotated manually using the handle 150 in a clockwise direction to threadedly engage the nut 140 on the threaded projection 136.
  • the end of the shaft 122 is clamped between the nut 140 and the base plate 132, to thereby provide for secure anchorage of the bollard 110 to the ground G.
  • the cover 156 is then placed over the opening to the passage 124.
  • the location of the attachment within the ground G, and shielded by the bollard body 112 renders unauthorised detachment of the nut from the threaded projection and thereby unauthorised removal of the bollard from its location extremely difficult. Even if an unauthorised person should remove the cover 156, the location of the nut and threaded projection at the base of the shaft 124 within the fixture G means that the nature of the attachment cannot be observed down the passage 124, and moreover the configuration of the security keying formations 154 on the nut cannot be determined.
  • the bollard of the present invention thereby provides for removable attachment of a bollard that is not susceptible to unauthorised removal.
  • the bollard body 112 can be of any suitable shape.
  • Fig. 13 shows a further alternative bollard 210 comprising a body 212 of cast material, preferably concrete or another cementitious material. Reinforcing means 214 are embedded within the cast material. The reinforcing means comprise reinforcing members to be described in more detail below, interconnected to form a frame 214 which reinforces the body 212.
  • the bollard 210 is in the form of a pyramid having a triangular base 216 and three upwardly sloping faces 218. These meet at sloping edges which in turn converge to the tip 220 of the pyramid.
  • the body 212 is cast around a central pillar 222 which has circular flanges 224 to key with the body 212, and extends down from the base 216 to key with concrete 226 within the ground 228, thereby securing the bollard 210 to the ground 228.
  • the frame 214 primarily consists of two types of members.
  • the bars 230 may be round steel of approximately 1cm to 2cm in diameter and are welded at their upper ends at 232 to the pillar 222, adjacent but a little below the tip 220.
  • the lower end 234 of each bar 230 finishes adjacent the base 216 but a little above it.
  • the amount by which the bars 230 are embedded within the body 212 is chosen according to the required characteristics of the bollard 210 and in conjunction with the characteristics of the material 212, in order to provide adequate strength and reinforcement to the body 212, for instance by protecting the main body of the material 212 from damage at the surface.
  • the bars 230 may, for instance, be located about 5cm (2 inches) below the surface of the body 212, with the welds 232 about 7.5cm (3 inches) below the tip 220, and the lower ends 234 finishing about 5cm (2 inches) above the base 216.
  • the frame 214 further includes three substantially triangular sheets of mesh 236, each attached between two adjacent bars 230 to form together a pyramid of substantially the same shape as the finished bollard 210, but of shorter height.
  • the mesh sheets 236 lie adjacent the faces 218 of the body 212, but within the body 212 by about 5cm, in the example given.
  • the bars 230 project down beyond the mesh pyramid.
  • the frame 214 of interconnected bars 230 and mesh sheets 236 forms a shape similar to the external shape of the bollard and provides reinforcing members lying adjacent at least part of every face of the outer surface, and along each edge of the bollard.
  • the frame 214 also includes a short tie bar 238 projecting horizontally between the pillar 222 and the mid point of the lower edge of one of the mesh sheets 236.
  • the tie bar 238 is welded in position at both ends to brace the mesh sheets 236 to the pillar 222, which helps during manufacture, as will now be described.
  • the bollard is preferably formed by first welding together the bars 230, mesh sheets 236 and tie bar 238 to form the structure shown in Fig. 14. This is adequately self-supporting, particularly by virtue of the tie bar 238.
  • the complete reinforcement can then be inverted and lowered into a mould, held by that part of the pillar 222 which will project out through the base 216 in the finished bollard.
  • the frame can then be held by the pillar 222 so that the bus 230 and mesh sheets 236 are adjacent the walls of the mould, but spaced by an amount corresponding to the depth at which those members are intended to lie within the body 212. While held in this way and at this position, castable material for the body 212 is then poured into the mould to surround the frame 214, resulting in a cast body 212 in which the frame 214 is embedded at the position shown in Fig. 13.
  • Fig. 15 indicates how the invention can be applied to an alternative version of a bollard.
  • the bollard 210a differs from the bollard 210 of Fig. 13 primarily in that the pillar 222a is provided with a releasable arrangement 240 at its lower end, so that the bollard 210a is removable by an authorised user inserting an appropriate tool down the pillar 222a to operate the releasable arrangement 240.
  • the form of the body 212 and of the reinforcing means 214, and the manner of forming the bollard 210 is otherwise as described above in relation to Figs. 13 and 14.
  • the releasable arrangement may be as described above in relation to Figs. 4 to 12.
  • the mesh and bars may be located about 5cm (2 inches) below the surface of the bollard and the mesh may be a mild steel welded mesh having mesh squares of about 5cm (2 inches) in size, made from a bar of approximately 3mm (1/8th inch) diameter.
  • the bars 30 may be round steel bar of about 1cm (1 ⁇ 2 inch) diameter.
  • the mesh and bars may be zinc plated to prevent rust.
  • bollard could be made according to the present invention.
  • the bollard described above could alternatively have a square or polygonal base.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
EP97309361A 1996-11-23 1997-11-20 Bornes Withdrawn EP0844336A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9624406.6A GB9624406D0 (en) 1996-11-23 1996-11-23 Removable bollards
GBGB9624405.8A GB9624405D0 (en) 1996-11-23 1996-11-23 Bollards
GB9624406 1996-11-23
GB9624405 1996-11-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0844336A2 true EP0844336A2 (fr) 1998-05-27
EP0844336A3 EP0844336A3 (fr) 2001-03-07

Family

ID=26310473

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97309361A Withdrawn EP0844336A3 (fr) 1996-11-23 1997-11-20 Bornes

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0844336A3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3062405A1 (fr) * 2017-02-01 2018-08-03 Daniel Virot Bloc d'obstruction
WO2018218276A1 (fr) * 2017-06-02 2018-12-06 Michael Christopher Stuart Appareil de fondation, ensemble de fondation, kit et procédé d'installation associés
CN112942153A (zh) * 2021-01-26 2021-06-11 哈尔滨工业大学 道路安全岛及其施工方法

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1518678A (en) * 1921-04-16 1924-12-09 George E Sovereign Traffic signal
CH200952A (fr) * 1937-12-16 1938-11-15 Louis Walter Jean Borne amovible.
US2259610A (en) * 1940-01-31 1941-10-21 Leland S Dougan Removable and replaceable traffic marker
DE8529466U1 (de) * 1985-10-17 1985-12-05 Stewing, Albert, 4270 Dorsten Fahrzeugabweiser
DE3505097A1 (de) * 1985-02-14 1986-08-14 Franz 5000 Köln Linder Strassenpoller und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
EP0522279A1 (fr) * 1991-06-13 1993-01-13 Kronimus Ag Bollard en beton pour être posé sur des routes, places ou trottoirs
EP0571282A1 (fr) * 1992-05-22 1993-11-24 Etablissements Lebec Dispositif d'ancrage comprenant une semelle et un piquet d'ancrage, et procédé de fabrication d'une telle semelle
FR2695419A1 (fr) * 1992-09-08 1994-03-11 Rdb Dispositif de bornage.
GB2282623A (en) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-12 Seal Boldizsar Edward Vehicle Barrier
WO1996021774A1 (fr) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-18 Bertels Augustinus Wilhelmus M Structure murale

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1518678A (en) * 1921-04-16 1924-12-09 George E Sovereign Traffic signal
CH200952A (fr) * 1937-12-16 1938-11-15 Louis Walter Jean Borne amovible.
US2259610A (en) * 1940-01-31 1941-10-21 Leland S Dougan Removable and replaceable traffic marker
DE3505097A1 (de) * 1985-02-14 1986-08-14 Franz 5000 Köln Linder Strassenpoller und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE8529466U1 (de) * 1985-10-17 1985-12-05 Stewing, Albert, 4270 Dorsten Fahrzeugabweiser
EP0522279A1 (fr) * 1991-06-13 1993-01-13 Kronimus Ag Bollard en beton pour être posé sur des routes, places ou trottoirs
EP0571282A1 (fr) * 1992-05-22 1993-11-24 Etablissements Lebec Dispositif d'ancrage comprenant une semelle et un piquet d'ancrage, et procédé de fabrication d'une telle semelle
FR2695419A1 (fr) * 1992-09-08 1994-03-11 Rdb Dispositif de bornage.
GB2282623A (en) * 1993-10-06 1995-04-12 Seal Boldizsar Edward Vehicle Barrier
WO1996021774A1 (fr) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-18 Bertels Augustinus Wilhelmus M Structure murale

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3062405A1 (fr) * 2017-02-01 2018-08-03 Daniel Virot Bloc d'obstruction
WO2018218276A1 (fr) * 2017-06-02 2018-12-06 Michael Christopher Stuart Appareil de fondation, ensemble de fondation, kit et procédé d'installation associés
CN112942153A (zh) * 2021-01-26 2021-06-11 哈尔滨工业大学 道路安全岛及其施工方法

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