EP0842347A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum verrohren einer leitungverzweigung, insbesondere in einer erdölbohrung - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zum verrohren einer leitungverzweigung, insbesondere in einer erdölbohrungInfo
- Publication number
- EP0842347A1 EP0842347A1 EP96927724A EP96927724A EP0842347A1 EP 0842347 A1 EP0842347 A1 EP 0842347A1 EP 96927724 A EP96927724 A EP 96927724A EP 96927724 A EP96927724 A EP 96927724A EP 0842347 A1 EP0842347 A1 EP 0842347A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- preform
- section
- main
- well
- main section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000916 dilatatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010339 dilation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0035—Apparatus or methods for multilateral well technology, e.g. for the completion of or workover on wells with one or more lateral branches
- E21B41/0042—Apparatus or methods for multilateral well technology, e.g. for the completion of or workover on wells with one or more lateral branches characterised by sealing the junction between a lateral and a main bore
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/10—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells
- E21B43/103—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells of expandable casings, screens, liners, or the like
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device and a method for lining a bifurcation of wells, in particular oil wells.
- the invention more specifically finds application for the tight lining of the junction zone between a generally (but not necessarily) vertical main borehole and a bias borehole produced from the vertical well, a bias bore commonly designated in the art by the English term "side track”.
- This type of secondary drilling is used in particular to access lateral oil reservoirs, once the main reservoir has been used up, has become insufficiently profitable, or simply to increase the productivity of a well.
- This type of drilling also makes it possible to considerably extend the production area in areas with difficult access, without having to drill a new surface well; this is particularly the case for the exploitation of deposits located under the sea.
- metal casings are used to consolidate and seal the drilled well, both for the main well and often for the secondary wells, and it is difficult to obtain a good seal in the junction area. .
- the present invention proposes to transpose this known technique to the lining of the bifurcation zone in which the main drilling is connected to the secondary drilling.
- the objective of the invention is to propose a simple and inexpensive device, light, easy to set up, and making it possible to obtain a perfect seal of the junction in the bifurcation zone.
- This device is remarkable in that said preform is formed of a straight main section and a secondary section also straight forming an acute angle with the main section and connecting to the latter in a sealed manner in a median zone, means of provisional restraint being provided which make it possible initially to maintain the secondary section in the radially folded state applied against the main section, the assembly then constituting a rectilinear preform, while after removal of said provisional restraint means, and under the effect of 'an internal pressure the secondary section is detached from the main section, the assembly then constituting a preform in the general form of "y", (the lower bar of which is in the extension of one of the upper branches).
- the device comprises an expanding tool in the form of an inflatable bladder, with flexible and elastic membrane, housed inside the preform, and tear-off at the end of operation;
- each of the sections has a circular section, the diameter of the main section being larger than that of the secondary section, or identical to the latter;
- Said compression means are frangible annular links surrounding the main and secondary sections, capable of breaking one after the other, beyond a certain internal pressure threshold.
- the method for sealingly lining a bifurcation of wells, in particular of oil wells comprising a main borehole and a secondary borehole at an angle, using a device as described above, is remarkable in that that, making use of a preform whose angle formed between them said main and secondary sections is close to that of the bifurcation: a) the preform is lowered into the well while it is in the radially state retracted and the secondary section is applied against the main section, the assembly having a rectilinear configuration; b) the preform is positioned in the bifurcation zone in such a way that the free end of the secondary section is presented at the entry of the secondary drilling at an angle; c) the preform is inflated under moderate pressure (pre-inflation) so as to cause the progressive rupture of the compression links and, correspondingly, the gradual radial unfolding and angular deployment of the secondary section, while continuing to lower the preform concomitantly; d) the branching portion of the preform being substantially positioned at
- the preform is heated so as to polymerize the wall; g) the bladder is deflated, and it is detached from the preform.
- FIG. 1 is a general view of the preform in its initial state, before its introduction into the well;
- FIGS 5A, 5B, 5C are sections of the preform cut by transverse planes referenced respectively A- A in Figure 1, B - B in Figure 1 and C- C in Figure 4;
- FIG. 6 is a general schematic view showing in longitudinal section a well bifurcation, inside which has been introduced a preform intended for lining said bifurcation;
- FIGS. 7 to 16 are views similar to FIG. 6, on a larger scale, showing the different stages of the lining, the preform being shown cut by a longitudinal plane in FIGS. 11 to 16.
- the preform which constitutes the essential part of the device according to the invention, referenced 1
- the preform is a flexible preform, foldable longitudinally on itself to occupy a small radial bulk. , and which can be first of all put on the round under the effect of a moderate internal pressure, then radially expanded under the effect of a stronger internal pressure.
- This principle of expansion in two stages, namely unfolding followed by an extension is described in particular in WO-94/25655 already cited (see FIG. 6A or 6B, 7 and T).
- this preform 1 comprises a straight main section 10 and a secondary section 11 which forms an acute angle with the main section, and is connected to the latter in its central region.
- the preform therefore has the general appearance of an inverted "y", the bifurcation of which is directed downwards, that is to say towards the bottom of the well.
- the branch of the main section located on the side of the opening of the well is designated by 10a and by 10b the other branch, facing the bottom of the well, this branch being located opposite the secondary section 11.
- the branches 10a and 10b each have a length La, respectively Lb of between 3 and 5m, while the secondary section li has a length L of the order of 2 to 4m.
- the tubular sections 10 and 11 In the unfolded state, the tubular sections 10 and 11 have a cylindrical shape.
- the main section 10 has an outside diameter of around 100mm and an inside diameter of around 50mm, while section 11 has an outside diameter between 80 and 100mm and an inside diameter between 30 and 50mm.
- these diameters are directly related to the diameters of casing in the borehole.
- the angle ⁇ is for example of the order of 30 °.
- the preform 1, as well as the internal dilator tool, which will be described later, are fixed, at the upper end of the preform, to a tool 2 which is integral with the end of a cable, flexible tube or tool suitable which emerges from the well at its opposite end, through the well head.
- the tubular preform 1 has a multilayer structure which, in general, comprises an outer skin and an inner skin between which is confined a thermosetting resin, initially flexible and malleable.
- These links have a tensile strength which increases, for example gradually from bottom to top, the lower link being able to break more easily than the neighboring link located above, and so on, up to the highest link, which located near the connection area 10c of the section 11 with the main section.
- FIG. 6 there is shown in section the bifurcation well that one wishes to tubing.
- This comprises an often vertical main bore 4, provided with a cylindrical metal casing 40, and a bias bore 5 also provided with a metal casing 50, surrounded by a cement 51.
- junction zone of the two boreholes, designated 6, is surrounded by a ground 60 or the sealing problem arises, since the casings 40 and 50 are not connected.
- the device according to the invention comprises, mounted inside the preform 1, a dilating tool which has the form of an inflatable bladder, with a flexible and elastic membrane, inside which it is possible to introduce, either from the wellhead, or by pumping the liquid present in the well, a pressurized fluid - for example water or petroleum - the pressure of which can be varied, by controlling it.
- a pressurized fluid for example water or petroleum - the pressure of which can be varied, by controlling it.
- reference 7 denotes the constituent membrane of the bladder, into which the tool 2 opens, and which is closed at its lower ends.
- the bladder has the shape of an inverted "y”, complementary to its housing inside the preform.
- the wall of the preform made of thermosetting material, is referenced 8.
- FIG. 6 which shows the beginning of the lining operation, it will be noted that the preform 1, suspended from the tool 2 and from the tube cable or tool 20, has been lowered into the well so that the free (closed) end 110 of the secondary section 11 is positioned in the bifurcation zone 6, substantially at the mouth of the secondary drilling 5.
- the displacement of the preform in the well is easy because it has a rectilinear configuration and has a small radial size.
- the preform is lowered a little more into the well.
- FIG. 11 shows in section the expandable bladder / preform assembly.
- the fluid pressure inside the bladder 7 is then increased, to a value P substantially greater than a Po. This produces swelling and progressive radial expansion, from its central region, of the entire preform, as illustrated in FIGS. 12, 13 and 14.
- the upper and lower ends of the main section of the preform are intimately applied against the casing 40; similarly, the area free end of the secondary section 11 is intimately applied against the casing 50.
- the middle zone of the preform is not necessarily in contact with the wall 60, but this does not matter.
- the hot polymerization of the preform can be done for example by introducing a hot liquid inside the preform, by chemical reaction, or by Joule effect, electrically conductive wires being embedded inside the preform wall and / or the membrane of the dilation tool.
- the preform becomes rigid and the desired casing is obtained, in the form of an inverted perfectly sealed "y" conduit ensuring the connection of the casings 40 and 50.
- the bladder 7 is then deflated by pumping the liquids therein, then the said bladder is torn off by removing the tool 2 and the deflated bladder which is attached thereto.
- the restraining means could consist of a sheath of tearable fabric longitudinally, from bottom to top, surrounding the preform parts 10b and 11.
- the internal pressures Po and P are in fact differential pressures between the internal and external pressures of the preform.
- P 0 is less than or equal to approximately 3 bars, while P is of the order of 30 bars.
- the dimensions of each of the sections 10 and 11, as well as the value of the angle ⁇ will be chosen as a function of the real conditions encountered on the ground, in particular as a function of the diameter of the main and secondary wells and of the 'angle formed between these two boreholes. It would not be departing from the scope of the invention to provide a device, the preform of which consists of a main section provided with two, or even more than two auxiliary sections.
- the device according to the invention can make it possible to seal and consolidate pipe bifurcations.
Landscapes
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Pipeline Systems (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9509695A FR2737534B1 (fr) | 1995-08-04 | 1995-08-04 | Dispositif de chemisage d'une bifurcation d'un puits, notamment de forage petrolier, ou d'une canalisation, et procede de mise en oeuvre de ce dispositif |
FR9509695 | 1995-08-04 | ||
PCT/FR1996/001225 WO1997006345A1 (fr) | 1995-08-04 | 1996-08-02 | Dispositif et procede pour le chemisage d'une bifurcation de canalisation, en particulier dans un puits petrolier |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0842347A1 true EP0842347A1 (de) | 1998-05-20 |
EP0842347B1 EP0842347B1 (de) | 2003-05-02 |
EP0842347B9 EP0842347B9 (de) | 2003-10-22 |
Family
ID=9481845
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96927724A Expired - Lifetime EP0842347B9 (de) | 1995-08-04 | 1996-08-02 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum verrohren einer leitungverzweigung, insbesondere in einer erdölbohrung |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5964288A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0842347B9 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE239169T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU6744096A (de) |
DE (1) | DE69627863D1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2737534B1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO311628B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997006345A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (53)
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US6336507B1 (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 2002-01-08 | Marathon Oil Company | Deformed multiple well template and process of use |
US5944107A (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 1999-08-31 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for establishing branch wells at a node of a parent well |
US6283216B1 (en) | 1996-03-11 | 2001-09-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Apparatus and method for establishing branch wells from a parent well |
US6056059A (en) | 1996-03-11 | 2000-05-02 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Apparatus and method for establishing branch wells from a parent well |
DK1042587T3 (da) * | 1997-06-09 | 2006-11-27 | Conocophillips Co | System til boring og komplettering af multilaterale borebrönde |
MY122241A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 2006-04-29 | Shell Int Research | Creating zonal isolation between the interior and exterior of a well system |
US6253852B1 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 2001-07-03 | Philippe Nobileau | Lateral branch junction for well casing |
AU733469B2 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 2001-05-17 | Philippe Nobileau | Apparatus and method for installing a branch junction from main well |
CA2218278C (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 2001-10-09 | Baroid Technology,Inc | Apparatus and method for lateral wellbore completion |
US6138761A (en) * | 1998-02-24 | 2000-10-31 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for completing a wellbore |
EP0952306A1 (de) | 1998-04-23 | 1999-10-27 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Faltbares Rohr |
US6135208A (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 2000-10-24 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Expandable wellbore junction |
US7603758B2 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2009-10-20 | Shell Oil Company | Method of coupling a tubular member |
US7357188B1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2008-04-15 | Shell Oil Company | Mono-diameter wellbore casing |
US6253850B1 (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2001-07-03 | Shell Oil Company | Selective zonal isolation within a slotted liner |
TR200102848T2 (tr) | 1999-04-09 | 2002-01-21 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Anüler sızdırmazlık için yöntem. |
GC0000136A (en) | 1999-08-09 | 2005-06-29 | Shell Int Research | Multilateral wellbore system. |
US6401815B1 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2002-06-11 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Apparatus and method for connecting casing to lateral casing using thermoset plastic molding |
WO2001090533A1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2001-11-29 | Smith International, Inc. | Sealed lateral wellbore junction |
CA2432637C (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2007-05-29 | E2Tech Limited | Method and apparatus for repair operations downhole |
US6679334B2 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2004-01-20 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Use of helically wound tubular structure in the downhole environment |
GC0000398A (en) * | 2001-07-18 | 2007-03-31 | Shell Int Research | Method of activating a downhole system |
US7740076B2 (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2010-06-22 | Enventure Global Technology, L.L.C. | Protective sleeve for threaded connections for expandable liner hanger |
US6814147B2 (en) * | 2002-02-13 | 2004-11-09 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Multilateral junction and method for installing multilateral junctions |
US6772841B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2004-08-10 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Expandable float shoe and associated methods |
CA2482278A1 (en) | 2002-04-15 | 2003-10-30 | Enventure Global Technology | Protective sleeve for threaded connections for expandable liner hanger |
US7000695B2 (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2006-02-21 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Expanding wellbore junction |
US6935432B2 (en) * | 2002-09-20 | 2005-08-30 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming an annular barrier in a wellbore |
MXPA05003115A (es) | 2002-09-20 | 2005-08-03 | Eventure Global Technology | Evaluacion de formabilidad de un tubo para miembros tubulares expandibles. |
US6854522B2 (en) | 2002-09-23 | 2005-02-15 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Annular isolators for expandable tubulars in wellbores |
US6817633B2 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2004-11-16 | Lone Star Steel Company | Tubular members and threaded connections for casing drilling and method |
US6863130B2 (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2005-03-08 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Multi-layer deformable composite construction for use in a subterranean well |
US7886831B2 (en) | 2003-01-22 | 2011-02-15 | Enventure Global Technology, L.L.C. | Apparatus for radially expanding and plastically deforming a tubular member |
US20040144535A1 (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2004-07-29 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Post installation cured braided continuous composite tubular |
US20040174017A1 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2004-09-09 | Lone Star Steel Company | Tubular goods with expandable threaded connections |
US6896063B2 (en) | 2003-04-07 | 2005-05-24 | Shell Oil Company | Methods of using downhole polymer plug |
US7169239B2 (en) | 2003-05-16 | 2007-01-30 | Lone Star Steel Company, L.P. | Solid expandable tubular members formed from very low carbon steel and method |
US7082998B2 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2006-08-01 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Systems and methods for placing a braided, tubular sleeve in a well bore |
US7712522B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2010-05-11 | Enventure Global Technology, Llc | Expansion cone and system |
US7225875B2 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2007-06-05 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Multi-layered wellbore junction |
GB2438540B (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2008-04-09 | Halliburton Energy Serv Inc | Multi-layered wellbore junction |
GB2432866A (en) | 2004-08-13 | 2007-06-06 | Enventure Global Technology | Expandable tubular |
US7320366B2 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2008-01-22 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Assembly of downhole equipment in a wellbore |
US20060237083A1 (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2006-10-26 | Ward Robert M | Trenchless lining device and method for performing multi-directional conduit lining |
US7849883B2 (en) * | 2005-05-02 | 2010-12-14 | Nuflow Technologies 2000 Inc. | Liner assembly for pipeline repair and methods of installing same |
GB2455285B (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2012-05-09 | Schlumberger Holdings | Formation of flow conduits under pressure |
CN101413384A (zh) * | 2008-11-24 | 2009-04-22 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | 一种用金属膨胀管实现分支井窗口密封的方法 |
US9611739B2 (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2017-04-04 | Philip L. Lundman | Inflatable tunnel seal |
GB2498581A (en) * | 2012-01-23 | 2013-07-24 | Rolls Royce Plc | Pipe inspection probing cable having an external helical track |
CA2909455A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2014-10-23 | Lmk Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for repairing main and lateral pipes |
AU2015203930B2 (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2019-05-02 | Lmk Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for lining a pipe |
CN104453776B (zh) * | 2014-11-14 | 2017-01-18 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | 一种六级分支井内嵌式窗口密封完井方法 |
US20220282590A1 (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2022-09-08 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Heat hardening polymer for expandable downhole seals |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2804926A (en) * | 1953-08-28 | 1957-09-03 | John A Zublin | Perforated drain hole liner |
US4444276A (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1984-04-24 | Cities Service Company | Underground radial pipe network |
US5318121A (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 1994-06-07 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method and apparatus for locating and re-entering one or more horizontal wells using whipstock with sealable bores |
FR2703102B1 (fr) * | 1993-03-25 | 1999-04-23 | Drillflex | Procédé de cimentation d'un tubage déformable à l'intérieur d'un puits de forage ou d'une canalisation. |
FR2704898B1 (fr) * | 1993-05-03 | 1995-08-04 | Drillflex | Structure tubulaire de preforme ou de matrice pour le tubage d'un puits. |
US5388648A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1995-02-14 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method and apparatus for sealing the juncture between a vertical well and one or more horizontal wells using deformable sealing means |
-
1995
- 1995-08-04 FR FR9509695A patent/FR2737534B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-08-02 DE DE69627863T patent/DE69627863D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-02 EP EP96927724A patent/EP0842347B9/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-02 WO PCT/FR1996/001225 patent/WO1997006345A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1996-08-02 AT AT96927724T patent/ATE239169T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-08-02 US US09/011,414 patent/US5964288A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-08-02 AU AU67440/96A patent/AU6744096A/en not_active Abandoned
-
1998
- 1998-01-30 NO NO19980429A patent/NO311628B1/no unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9706345A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1997006345A1 (fr) | 1997-02-20 |
US5964288A (en) | 1999-10-12 |
AU6744096A (en) | 1997-03-05 |
EP0842347B9 (de) | 2003-10-22 |
DE69627863D1 (de) | 2003-06-05 |
ATE239169T1 (de) | 2003-05-15 |
NO980429L (no) | 1998-04-03 |
EP0842347B1 (de) | 2003-05-02 |
FR2737534A1 (fr) | 1997-02-07 |
FR2737534B1 (fr) | 1997-10-24 |
NO980429D0 (no) | 1998-01-30 |
NO311628B1 (no) | 2001-12-17 |
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