EP0840084A2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0840084A2
EP0840084A2 EP97116121A EP97116121A EP0840084A2 EP 0840084 A2 EP0840084 A2 EP 0840084A2 EP 97116121 A EP97116121 A EP 97116121A EP 97116121 A EP97116121 A EP 97116121A EP 0840084 A2 EP0840084 A2 EP 0840084A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
receiving openings
tubes
individual
exchanger according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97116121A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0840084A3 (en
Inventor
Harald Gumbert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rehau Automotive SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rehau AG and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rehau AG and Co filed Critical Rehau AG and Co
Publication of EP0840084A2 publication Critical patent/EP0840084A2/en
Publication of EP0840084A3 publication Critical patent/EP0840084A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/06—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/062—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing tubular conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/067—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/06—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints
    • F28F9/14—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints by force-joining

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger composed of a plurality of individual tubes, the individual heat exchanger tubes being connected to one another at their free ends in a liquid-tight and gas-tight manner, keeping flow paths clear, and the outer tube layer being encircled by an edge flange all around.
  • a generic heat exchanger is known from DE 89 15 322.7 U1.
  • the cross-flow heat exchanger described there is constructed from plastic pipe elements, i.e. a plurality of plastic heat exchanger tubes are assembled in such a way that their polygonal end pieces are added in straight rows to form a closed surface. Due to the fact that the middle parts in the addable in rows have the same extent as the cross-sectional area of the end pieces, the middle parts collide tightly in the added tube bundle and form a closed surface. However, since the cross-sectional areas of the central parts are smaller overall than the cross-sectional areas of the end pieces, free spaces remain between adjacent rows of tubes, which add up to spaces through which flow can pass.
  • the heat exchanger tubes of the known prior art can be added to a cross-flow heat exchanger and welded according to the procedure known from EP-A 0 315 052.
  • an edge flange can be attached to the outer pipe layer during the connection process, via which individual heat exchanger elements can be joined together to form a corresponding large element.
  • This edge flange can be welded, glued or cast. This is also an additional step that increases the cost of the end product.
  • the invention is based on the principle of a simple plug connection between pipe ends and connecting elements.
  • the connecting element here is the cover part, which is placed on both free ends of the heat exchanger tubes.
  • This cover part can be made, for example, from polymeric materials by injection molding. Its large number of receiving openings corresponds to the large number of individual tubes to be used for the special heat exchanger structure.
  • These individual tubes can consist of polymer material, but they can also be made of metallic material or inorganic material such as glass etc.
  • the receiving openings of the cover parts are kept up to 15% smaller in diameter than the tube circumference of the plug ends of the heat exchanger tubes.
  • the permissible expansion of the materials used must be taken into account for both the cover parts and the individual heat exchanger tubes.
  • the receiving opening in the cover parts is expanded and the inserted pipe end is compressed.
  • the cover parts are made of polypropylene and the heat exchanger tubes are also made of polypropylene - it can be assumed that the deformation occurs at approximately the same height with both connecting partners.
  • the cover parts are advantageously provided with an insertion bevel in the direction of insertion of the tube ends.
  • a lining made of soft polymer material is introduced into the receiving openings of the cover parts.
  • These special sealing materials can be manufactured in one tool with a single shot using two-component injection molding. With such a structure Deformation work when inserting the pipe ends into the receiving openings while increasing the sealing effect is reduced. The same advantage can be achieved if sealing lips which can be produced in the same way protrude all the way into the receiving openings.
  • the advantage of the heat exchanger according to the invention over those from the prior art is the simple, inexpensive construction by joining the individual parts together by means of a plug connection.
  • the large number of individual heat exchanger tubes can be inserted into the large number of receiving openings in the cover parts by means of an automatic assembly process.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention can be used for many areas of application. Its use in tumble dryers is just as conceivable as in air conditioning systems for automobiles and other industrial applications, e.g. Flue gas scrubbing, etc. A limitation of the areas of application is not seen.
  • Fig. 1 shows the cover parts 11, 12 of the heat exchanger 1 (Fig. 2).
  • the cover parts 11, 12 are designed symmetrically in this case, so that the description of the cover part 11 can also be read on the cover part 12.
  • a symmetry of the cover parts 11, 12 is not essential to the invention.
  • the cover part 11 is made by injection molding and has a peripheral edge 111, which can be given an elastic seal to seal the connection parts.
  • the cover part 11 is designed in the form of a rectangle with long broad sides 1111, 1112 and shorter narrow sides 1113, 1114.
  • a groove-like shape 1115 is formed on the narrow side 1114 and can be used for connection to further heat exchanger elements.
  • the groove-like shape 1115 can also be formed in a mirror image on the other narrow side 1113 of the cover part 11.
  • the surface of the cover part 11 is littered with dome-like through openings 1116, which are distributed in rows over the surface of the cover part 11.
  • the dome-like feedthrough openings are each self-contained and separated from one another by parts of the cover part 11 that have remained standing, as can be seen from the representation of the back of the cover part 12 in the exploded view shown.
  • the number of dome-like receiving openings 1116 depends on the number of individual heat exchanger tubes 2, which are arranged between the two cover parts 11, 12 in the exploded view shown.
  • the heat exchanger tubes 2 are simple round tubes, which have not been machined at their free ends by sleeves or similar cross-sectional changes.
  • the distance between the dome-like receiving openings 1116 in the cover parts 11, 12 also determines the distance between the individual heat exchanger tubes 2 after the insertion process has been carried out. This distance defines the free spaces between the adjacent rows of heat exchanger tubes, which add up to the cross-flow spaces of the heat exchanger 1. This distance is therefore crucial for the efficiency of the heat exchanger 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows the heat exchanger 1 as it is formed from the individual parts of FIG. 1, namely the two cover parts 11, 12 with the heat exchanger tubes 2.
  • FIG 3 shows various options for the design of the dome-like receiving openings 1116 of the cover parts 11, 12.
  • 3 a shows a detail from the cover part 11 with the receiving opening 1116, into which a soft component made of plastic is inserted.
  • the soft component can have been injected into the receiving opening by means of the two-component injection molding process in the production of the cover part 11.
  • the soft component 1117 can also subsequently introduced into the lumen of the receiving opening 1116 and fixed there, for example by welding, gluing or the like. With its circumferential tip 11171, the soft component reduces the passage cross section of the receiving opening 1116 and thus creates the interference fit for the plug end of the heat exchanger tube 2.
  • Fig. 3 b shows the same structure as Fig. 3 a), but with a different design of the soft component 1117.
  • the soft component 1117 forms the entire boundary 1116 in the illustration shown and thus creates the seal between the cover part 11 and Plug end of the heat exchanger tube 2.
  • FIG. 3 c) shows a structure similar to FIG. 3 a), but without a soft component in the passage area of the receiving opening 1116.
  • the dome-like receiving opening 1116 is delimited by the hard plastic material of the cover part 11. This possibility of construction can also create the gas- and liquid-tight seal between the components end of the heat exchanger tube 2 - dome-shaped receiving openings 1116 of the cover part 11 with a corresponding selection of the materials.
  • FIG. 3 The sealing elements shown in FIG. 3 are only given as examples.
  • the invention also encompasses other cross-sectional shapes which can form the required gas and liquid-tight seals between the components.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The heat exchanger has individual pipes (2) whose free ends are connected to one another in order to form a flow path, and which have seals to prevent leakage of gas or liquid. The outer layer of each pipe is mounted on a rim flange. The pipes can be inserted into openings (1116) which are distributed with set spacings over the surface of two covering components (11), which are made from a polymer material. The openings have circumferential seals (1117) so that the insertion ends of the pipes can seal against the covering components. The pipes may be made from a polymer, metallic, or inorganic material. The size of each opening may also be up to 15 percent smaller than the circumference of the insertion end of each pipe.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher aus einer Mehrzahl von Einzelrohren, wobei die einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre an ihren freien Enden flüssigkeits- und gasdicht unter Freihaltung von Strömungswegen miteinander verbunden sind und wobei die äußere Rohrlage umlaufend von einem Randflansch eingefaßt ist.The invention relates to a heat exchanger composed of a plurality of individual tubes, the individual heat exchanger tubes being connected to one another at their free ends in a liquid-tight and gas-tight manner, keeping flow paths clear, and the outer tube layer being encircled by an edge flange all around.

Ein gattungsgemäßer Wärmetauscher ist aus dem DE 89 15 322.7 U1 bekannt. Der dort beschriebene Kreuzstromwärmetauscher ist aus Kunststoffrohrelementen aufgebaut, d.h. eine Mehrzahl von Wärmetauscherrohren aus Kunststoff ist derart zusammengefügt, daß ihre polygonalen Endstücke in geraden Reihen zu einer geschlossenen Fläche addiert werden. Dadurch, daß die Mittelteile in der reihenweisen Addierbarkeit die gleiche Ausdehnung wie die Querschnittsfläche der Endstücke haben, stoßen die Mittelteile in dem addierten Rohrbündel dicht zusammen und bilden eine geschlossene Fläche. Da jedoch die Querschnittsflächen der Mittelteile insgesamt kleiner sind, als die Querschnittsflächen der Endstücke, bleiben zwischen benachbarten Reihen der Rohre freie Räume, die sich zu querdurchströmbaren Räumen addieren. Die Wärmetauscherrohre des bekannten Standes der Technik lassen sich nach der aus der EP-A 0 315 052 bekannten Arbeitsweise zu einem Kreuzstromwärmetauscher addieren und verschweißen.A generic heat exchanger is known from DE 89 15 322.7 U1. The cross-flow heat exchanger described there is constructed from plastic pipe elements, i.e. a plurality of plastic heat exchanger tubes are assembled in such a way that their polygonal end pieces are added in straight rows to form a closed surface. Due to the fact that the middle parts in the addable in rows have the same extent as the cross-sectional area of the end pieces, the middle parts collide tightly in the added tube bundle and form a closed surface. However, since the cross-sectional areas of the central parts are smaller overall than the cross-sectional areas of the end pieces, free spaces remain between adjacent rows of tubes, which add up to spaces through which flow can pass. The heat exchanger tubes of the known prior art can be added to a cross-flow heat exchanger and welded according to the procedure known from EP-A 0 315 052.

In der Zeitschrift

Figure imgb0001
Kunststoffe", Organ deutscher Kunststoff-Fachverbände, 84.Jahrgang 1994/6 wurde ein Artikel mit dem Titel
Figure imgb0001
Kunststoffe im Wärmeaustauscherbau" veröffentlicht, in dem das Arbeiten mit den Rohren des vorbeschriebenen Standes der Technik detailliert beschrieben ist. Der Artikel ist allerdings beschränkt auf die Verwendung von Kunststoffrohren. Dabei ist wesentliches Merkmal der zum Aufbau der bekannten Wärmetauscher verwendeten Kunststoffrohre der polygonale Rohrquerschnitt. Diese Querschnittslösung ist an sich kein Nachteil, denn in der Herstellung können Kunststoffrohre ohne besondere Schwierigkeiten mit verschiedenen Querschnitten gefertigt werden.In the magazine
Figure imgb0001
Kunststoffe ", organ of German plastics associations, 84th year 1994/6 became an article with the title
Figure imgb0001
Plastics in heat exchanger construction "published, in which the work with the pipes of the above-described prior art is described in detail. The article, however, is limited to the use of plastic pipes. An essential feature of the plastic pipes used to construct the known heat exchangers is the polygonal pipe cross section. These Cross-sectional solution is in itself no disadvantage, because in the production plastic pipes can be manufactured with different cross-sections without particular difficulties.

Der Nachteil der Verwendung solcher Rohre zum Aufbau von Wärmetauschern in der nach dem Stand der Technik beschriebenen Methode liegt jedoch darin, daß die Kunststoffrohre an ihren freien Enden aufgemufft werden müssen, um dem Schweißvorgang zum Wärmetauscherbündel erfolgreich durchführen zu können. Dieser Schweißvorgang muß so erfolgen, daß zwischen den benachbarten Reihen von Rohren freie Räume bleiben, die sich zu querdurchströmbaren Räumen addieren. Beim Schweißvorgang werden also lediglich die aufgemufften Bereiche miteinander verbunden. Dieses Aufmuffen bedeutet einen zusätzlichen Arbeitsgang, der sich kostenmäßig negativ auf das Endprodukt auswirkt.The disadvantage of using such tubes for the construction of heat exchangers in the method described according to the prior art, however, is that the plastic tubes must be sleeved at their free ends in order to be able to successfully carry out the welding process for the heat exchanger bundle. This welding process must be carried out in such a way that free spaces remain between the adjacent rows of tubes, which add up to spaces through which flow can pass. During the welding process, only the sleeved areas are connected to each other. This connection means an additional work step, which has a negative cost impact on the end product.

Neben dem in dem vorgenannten Artikel in der Zeitschrift

Figure imgb0001
Kunststoffe" geschilderten speziellen Schweißverfahren ist zur Verbindung solcher polygonalen Rohrenden noch das Verkleben oder Vergießen der Endbereiche der Rohre bekannt. Auch diese Maßnahmen bedeuten zusätzliche Arbeitsgänge und zusätzliche vorrichtungstechnische Einrichtungen, die den Gesamtaufbau erheblich verteuern.In addition to that in the aforementioned article in the magazine
Figure imgb0001
Plastics "described special welding process for connecting such polygonal pipe ends is still known to glue or cast the end areas of the pipes. These measures also mean additional work steps and additional technical equipment that make the overall structure considerably more expensive.

Neben der eigentlichen Rohrverschweißung bzw. Rohrverbindung nach dem bekannten Stand der Technik kann während des Verbindungsverfahrens ein Randflansch an die äußere Rohrlage angebracht werden, über den einzelne Wärmetauscherelemente miteinander zu einem entsprechenden Großelement zusammengefügt werden können. Dieser Randflansch kann mit verschweißt, verklebt oder vergossen werden. Auch dies ist ein zusätzlicher Arbeitsgang, der zur Verteuerung des Endprodukts beiträgt.In addition to the actual pipe welding or pipe connection according to the known prior art, an edge flange can be attached to the outer pipe layer during the connection process, via which individual heat exchanger elements can be joined together to form a corresponding large element. This edge flange can be welded, glued or cast. This is also an additional step that increases the cost of the end product.

Hier setzt die Erfindung ein, die es sich zur Aufgabe gestellt hat, die Einzelrohre des Wärmetauschers in einfachster Weise flüssigkeits- und gasdicht mit Deckelteilen an den freien Rohrenden zu verbinden, die gleichzeitig Aufgabe des Randflansches als Verbindungselement zu folgenden Wärmetauscherelementen übernehmen. Erfindungsgemäß wird dazu vorgeschlagen, daß zwei aus polymerem Werkstoff bestehende Deckelteile verwendet werden, die über die Fläche verteilt in definiertem Abstand voneinanderstehende Aufnahmeöffnungen für die Steckenden der einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre besitzen, und daß die Aufnahmeöffnungen als umlaufende Dichtungen ausgebildet sind, welche im Zusammenwirken mit den Steckenden der einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre diese gegen die Deckelteile abdichten.This is where the invention comes in, which has set itself the task of connecting the individual tubes of the heat exchanger in a very simple manner in a liquid-tight and gas-tight manner to cover parts on the free tube ends, which at the same time take on the task of the edge flange as a connecting element to the following heat exchanger elements. According to the invention it is proposed that two cover parts made of polymeric material are used, which have spaced-apart receiving openings for the plug ends of the individual heat exchanger tubes distributed over the surface, and that the receiving openings are designed as circumferential seals which, in cooperation with the plug ends of the Seal individual heat exchanger tubes against the cover parts.

Die Erfindung baut auf dem Prinzip der einfachen Steckverbindung zwischen Rohrenden und Verbindungselementen auf. Das Verbindungselement ist hier das Deckelteil, welches an beiden freien Enden der Wärmetauscherrohre aufgesetzt wird. Dieses Deckelteil kann beispielsweise aus polymeren Werkstoffen im Spritzgußverfahren hergestellt werden. Seine Vielzahl von Aufnahmeöffnungen entspricht der Vielzahl der für den speziellen Wärmetauscheraufbau einzusetzenden Einzelrohre. Diese Einzelrohre können aus polymerem Werkstoff bestehen, sie können jedoch auch aus metallischem Werkstoff oder anorganischem Werkstoff wie Glas usw. gefertigt sein.The invention is based on the principle of a simple plug connection between pipe ends and connecting elements. The connecting element here is the cover part, which is placed on both free ends of the heat exchanger tubes. This cover part can be made, for example, from polymeric materials by injection molding. Its large number of receiving openings corresponds to the large number of individual tubes to be used for the special heat exchanger structure. These individual tubes can consist of polymer material, but they can also be made of metallic material or inorganic material such as glass etc.

Der besondere Vorteil wird darin gesehen, daß als Rohre des Wärmetauschers solche mit den dünnstmöglichen Wanddicken verwendet werden können, was für den Wirkungsgrad in diesem Fall von ausschlaggebender Bedeutung ist.The particular advantage is seen in the fact that tubes with the thinnest possible wall thicknesses can be used as tubes of the heat exchanger, which is of crucial importance for the efficiency in this case.

Erfindungswesentlich ist, daß die Aufnahmeöffnungen der Deckelteile im Durchmesser bis zu 15 % kleiner gehalten sind als der Rohrumfang der Steckenden der Wärmetauscherrohre. Bei dieser Abmessungsvorschrift ist die zulässige Dehnung der eingesetzten Werkstoffe sowohl für die Deckelteile als auch die einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre jeweils zu berücksichtigen. In der Regel wird hier die Aufnahmeöffnung in den Deckelteilen gedehnt und das eingeführte Rohrende gestaucht. Bei gleicher Werkstoffpaarung - z. B. sind die Deckelteile aus Polypropylen und die Wärmetauscherrohre ebenfalls aus Polypropylen gefertigt - kann davon ausgegangen werden, daß die Verformung bei beiden Verbindungspartnern in etwa gleicher Höhe auftritt. Wird jedoch beispielsweise bei den Deckelteilen Polypropylen als Herstellungsmaterial verwendet und werden in die Aufnahmeöffnungen Metallrohre eingesteckt` dann wird die gesamte Verformungsarbeit vom schwächeren Verbindungspartner - dem Kunststoff - übernommen. Um die beim Einstecken der Rohre in die Aufnahmeöffnungen der Deckelteile erforderliche Kraft schnell in Verformungsarbeit umzuwandeln, werden die einzelnen Aufnahmeöffnungen der Deckelteile in Einschubrichtung der Rohrenden vorteilhaft mit einer Einführschräge versehen.It is essential to the invention that the receiving openings of the cover parts are kept up to 15% smaller in diameter than the tube circumference of the plug ends of the heat exchanger tubes. With this dimension specification, the permissible expansion of the materials used must be taken into account for both the cover parts and the individual heat exchanger tubes. As a rule, the receiving opening in the cover parts is expanded and the inserted pipe end is compressed. With the same material pairing - e.g. B. the cover parts are made of polypropylene and the heat exchanger tubes are also made of polypropylene - it can be assumed that the deformation occurs at approximately the same height with both connecting partners. However, if, for example, polypropylene is used as the manufacturing material for the cover parts and metal pipes are inserted into the receiving openings, the entire deformation work is taken over by the weaker connection partner - the plastic. In order to quickly convert the force required when inserting the tubes into the receiving openings of the cover parts into deformation work, the individual receiving openings of the cover parts are advantageously provided with an insertion bevel in the direction of insertion of the tube ends.

Es kann sich als zweckmäßig erweisen, wenn in die Aufnahmeöffnungen der Deckelteile eine Auskleidung aus weichem Polymermaterial eingebracht ist. Diese speziellen Dichtungsmaterialien können im Wege des Zwei-Komponenten-Spritzgusses in einem Werkzeug mit einem einzigen Schuß hergestellt werden. Bei einem solchen Aufbau wird die Verformungsarbeit beim Einstecken der Rohrenden in die Aufnahmeöffnungen bei gleichzeitiger Erhöhung der Dichtwirkung verringert. Der gleiche Vorteil kann erzielt werden, wenn in die Aufnahmeöffnungen auf dem gleichen Wege herstellbare Dichtlippen umlaufend hineinragen.It may prove expedient if a lining made of soft polymer material is introduced into the receiving openings of the cover parts. These special sealing materials can be manufactured in one tool with a single shot using two-component injection molding. With such a structure Deformation work when inserting the pipe ends into the receiving openings while increasing the sealing effect is reduced. The same advantage can be achieved if sealing lips which can be produced in the same way protrude all the way into the receiving openings.

Der Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauschers gegenüber denen aus dem Stand der Technik ist der einfache, kostengünstige Aufbau durch das Zusammenfügen der Einzelteile im Wege einer Steckverbindung. Hierbei kann die Vielzahl der einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre in die Vielzahl der Aufnahmeöffnungen der Deckelteile im Wege eines automatischen Montagevorgangs eingesteckt werden. Der erfindungsgemäße Wärmetauscher läßt sich für viele Einsatzgebiete verwenden. So ist sein Einsatz in Wäschetrocknem genauso denkbar, wie in Klimaanlagen für Automobile und sonstige Industrieanwendungen, z.B. Rauchgaswäsche usw. Eine Beschränkung der Einsatzgebiete wird nicht gesehen.The advantage of the heat exchanger according to the invention over those from the prior art is the simple, inexpensive construction by joining the individual parts together by means of a plug connection. Here, the large number of individual heat exchanger tubes can be inserted into the large number of receiving openings in the cover parts by means of an automatic assembly process. The heat exchanger according to the invention can be used for many areas of application. Its use in tumble dryers is just as conceivable as in air conditioning systems for automobiles and other industrial applications, e.g. Flue gas scrubbing, etc. A limitation of the areas of application is not seen.

In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauschers schematisch dargestellt; es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine Explosionszeichnung der beiden Deckelteile mit den zugeordneten Wärmetauscherrohren
  • Fig. 2 den aus den Einzelteilen in Fig. 1 zusammengesteckten Wärmetauscher.
  • Fig. 3 verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Gestaltung der Aufnahmeöffnungen.
In the drawing, exemplary embodiments of the heat exchanger according to the invention are shown schematically; it shows:
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded view of the two cover parts with the associated heat exchanger tubes
  • Fig. 2 shows the heat exchanger assembled from the individual parts in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 different ways of designing the receiving openings.

Fig. 1 zeigt die Deckelteile 11, 12 des Wärmetauschers 1 (Fig. 2). Die Deckelteile 11,12 sind in diesem Fall symmetrisch gestaltet, so daß die Beschreibung des Deckelteils 11 auch auf das Deckelteil 12 zu lesen ist. Eine Symmetrie der Deckelteile 11, 12 ist aber nicht erfindungswesentlich.Fig. 1 shows the cover parts 11, 12 of the heat exchanger 1 (Fig. 2). The cover parts 11, 12 are designed symmetrically in this case, so that the description of the cover part 11 can also be read on the cover part 12. A symmetry of the cover parts 11, 12 is not essential to the invention.

Das Deckelteil 11 ist im Spritzgußverfahren hergestellt und besitzt einen umlaufenden Rand 111, der zur Abdichtung der Anschlußteile eine elastische Dichtung erhalten kann. Das Deckelteil 11 ist in Form eines Rechteckes gestaltet mit langen Breitseiten 1111, 1112 und kürzeren Schmalseiten 1113, 1114. An der Schmalseite 1114 ist eine nutenartige Ausformung 1115 angeformt, die zur Verbindung mit weiteren Wärmetauscherelementen dienen kann. Die nutenartige Ausformung 1115 kann auch spiegelbildlich an der anderen Schmalseite 1113 des Deckelteils 11 angeformt sein. Die Fläche des Deckelteils 11 ist übersät mit domartigen Durchführungsöffnungen 1116, welche reihenförmig über die Fläche des Deckelteils 11 verteilt sind. Die domartigen Durchführungsöffnungen sind jeweils in sich abgeschlossen und untereinander durch stehengebliebene Teilbereiche des Deckelteils 11 getrennt, wie sich aus der Darstellung der Rückseite des Deckelteils 12 in der gezeigten Explosionszeichnung ergibt.The cover part 11 is made by injection molding and has a peripheral edge 111, which can be given an elastic seal to seal the connection parts. The cover part 11 is designed in the form of a rectangle with long broad sides 1111, 1112 and shorter narrow sides 1113, 1114. A groove-like shape 1115 is formed on the narrow side 1114 and can be used for connection to further heat exchanger elements. The groove-like shape 1115 can also be formed in a mirror image on the other narrow side 1113 of the cover part 11. The surface of the cover part 11 is littered with dome-like through openings 1116, which are distributed in rows over the surface of the cover part 11. The dome-like feedthrough openings are each self-contained and separated from one another by parts of the cover part 11 that have remained standing, as can be seen from the representation of the back of the cover part 12 in the exploded view shown.

Die Anzahl der domartigen Aufnahmeöffnungen 1116 ist abhängig von der Anzahl der einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre 2, die in der gezeigten Explosionszeichnung zwischen den beiden Deckelteilen 11, 12 angeordnet sind. Die Wärmetauscherrohre 2 sind in der gezeigten Darstellung einfache runde Rohre, die auch an ihren freien Enden nicht durch Aufmuffungen oder ähnliche Querschnittsveränderungen bearbeitet worden sind. Der Abstand der domartigen Aufnahmeöffnungen 1116 in den Deckelteilen 11, 12 voneinander bestimmt auch den Abstand der einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre 2 nach Durchführung des Einsteckvorgangs. Dieser Abstand legt die freien Räume zwischen den benachbarten Reihen der Wärmetauscherrohre fest, die sich zu den querdurchströmbaren Räumen des Wärmetauschers 1 addieren. Dieser Abstand ist also ausschlaggebend für den Wirkungsgrad des Wärmetauschers 1.The number of dome-like receiving openings 1116 depends on the number of individual heat exchanger tubes 2, which are arranged between the two cover parts 11, 12 in the exploded view shown. In the illustration shown, the heat exchanger tubes 2 are simple round tubes, which have not been machined at their free ends by sleeves or similar cross-sectional changes. The distance between the dome-like receiving openings 1116 in the cover parts 11, 12 also determines the distance between the individual heat exchanger tubes 2 after the insertion process has been carried out. This distance defines the free spaces between the adjacent rows of heat exchanger tubes, which add up to the cross-flow spaces of the heat exchanger 1. This distance is therefore crucial for the efficiency of the heat exchanger 1.

In Fig. 2 ist der Wärmetauscher 1 gezeigt, wie er aus den Einzelteilen der Fig. 1, nämlich den beiden Deckelteilen 11, 12 mit den Wärmetauscherrohren 2 gebildet ist.2 shows the heat exchanger 1 as it is formed from the individual parts of FIG. 1, namely the two cover parts 11, 12 with the heat exchanger tubes 2.

Fig. 3 zeigt verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Gestaltung der domartigen Aufnahmeöffnungen 1116 der Deckelteile 11, 12.3 shows various options for the design of the dome-like receiving openings 1116 of the cover parts 11, 12.

Fig. 3 a) zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus dem Deckelteil 11 mit der Aufnahmeöffnung 1116, in die eine weiche Komponente aus Kunststoff eingesetzt ist. Nachdem das Deckelteil 11 aus hartem Kunststoffmaterial gefertigt ist, kann die weiche Komponente im Wege des ZweiKomponenten-Spritzgußverfahrens bei der Herstellung des Deckelteils 11 in die Aufnahmeöffnung eingespritzt worden sein. Die weiche Komponente 1117 kann aber auch nachträglich in das Lumen der Aufnahmeöffnung 1116 eingebracht und dort z.B. durch Verschweißen, Verkleben oder dergleichen festgelegt sein. Die weiche Komponente verringert mit ihrer umlaufenden Spitze 11171 den Durchgangsquerschnitt der Aufnahmeöffnung 1116 und schafft somit die Preßpassung für das Steckende des Wärmetauscherrohres 2.3 a) shows a detail from the cover part 11 with the receiving opening 1116, into which a soft component made of plastic is inserted. After the cover part 11 is made of hard plastic material, the soft component can have been injected into the receiving opening by means of the two-component injection molding process in the production of the cover part 11. The soft component 1117 can also subsequently introduced into the lumen of the receiving opening 1116 and fixed there, for example by welding, gluing or the like. With its circumferential tip 11171, the soft component reduces the passage cross section of the receiving opening 1116 and thus creates the interference fit for the plug end of the heat exchanger tube 2.

Fig. 3 b) zeigt den gleichen Aufbau wie Fig. 3 a), jedoch mit einer anderen Gestaltung der weichen Komponente 1117. Die weiche Komponente 1117 bildet in der gezeigten Darstellung die gesamte Begrenzung 1116 und schafft so die Abdichtung zwischen dem Deckelteil 11 und dem Steckende des Wärmetauscherrohres 2.Fig. 3 b) shows the same structure as Fig. 3 a), but with a different design of the soft component 1117. The soft component 1117 forms the entire boundary 1116 in the illustration shown and thus creates the seal between the cover part 11 and Plug end of the heat exchanger tube 2.

Fig. 3 c) zeigt einen ähnlichen Aufbau wie Fig. 3 a), jedoch ohne weiche Komponente im Durchführungsbereich der Aufnahmeöffnung 1116. Bei dieser Ausführungsart wird die domartige Aufnahmeöffnung 1116 vom harten Kunststoffmaterial des Deckelteils 11 begrenzt. Auch diese Möglichkeit des Aufbaues kann bei entsprechender Auswahl der Materialien die gas- und flüssigkeitsdichte Abdichtung zwischen den Komponenten Ende des Wärmetauscherrohres 2 - domförmige Aufnahmeöffnungen 1116 des Deckelteils 11 schaffen.3 c) shows a structure similar to FIG. 3 a), but without a soft component in the passage area of the receiving opening 1116. In this embodiment, the dome-like receiving opening 1116 is delimited by the hard plastic material of the cover part 11. This possibility of construction can also create the gas- and liquid-tight seal between the components end of the heat exchanger tube 2 - dome-shaped receiving openings 1116 of the cover part 11 with a corresponding selection of the materials.

Fig. 3 d) zeigt in die domförmigen Aufnahmeöffnungen 1116 hineinragende lippenartige Fortsätze 1118, welche aus dem gleichen Kunststoffmaterial gefertigt sein können wie das Deckelteil 11. Die lippenartigen Fortsätze 1118 werden beim Steckvorgang durch das Steckende des Wärmetauscherrohres 2 verformt und bilden auf diese Weise die gas- und flüssigkeitsdichte Abdichtung zwischen beiden Bauteilen.3 d) shows lip-like extensions 1118 protruding into the dome-shaped receiving openings 1116, which can be made of the same plastic material as the cover part 11. The lip-like extensions 1118 are deformed during the plugging process by the plug end of the heat exchanger tube 2 and in this way form the gas - and liquid-tight seal between the two components.

Fig. 3 e) zeigt schließlich eine andere Form einer lippenartigen Abdichtung 1119 in der domförmigen Aufnahmeöffnung 1116 des Deckelteils 11.3 e) finally shows another form of a lip-like seal 1119 in the dome-shaped receiving opening 1116 of the cover part 11.

Die in Fig. 3 gezeigten Dichtelemente sind nur beispielhaft angegeben. Von der Erfindung erfaßt sind auch andere Querschnittsformen, welche die erforderlichen gas- und flüssigkeitsdichten Abdichtungen zwischen den Bauteilen bilden können.The sealing elements shown in FIG. 3 are only given as examples. The invention also encompasses other cross-sectional shapes which can form the required gas and liquid-tight seals between the components.

Claims (9)

Wärmetauscher aus einer Mehrzahl von Einzelrohren, wobei die einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre an ihren freien Enden flüssigkeits- und gasdicht unter Freihaltung von Strömungswegen miteinander verbunden sind und wobei die äußere Rohrlage umlaufend von einem Randflansch eingefaßt ist, gekennzeichnet durch zwei aus polymerem Werkstoff bestehende Deckelteile (11, 12), welche über die Fläche verteilt in definiertem Abstand voneinanderstehende Aufnahmeöffnungen (1116) für die Steckenden der einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre (2) besitzen, und daß die Aufnahmeöffnungen (1116) als umlaufende Dichtungen (1117, 1118, 1119) ausgebildet sind, welche im Zusammenwirken mit den Steckenden der einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre (2) diese gegen die Deckelteile (11, 12) abdichten.Heat exchangers consisting of a plurality of individual tubes, the individual heat exchanger tubes being connected to one another at their free ends in a liquid-tight and gas-tight manner, keeping flow paths free, and the outer tube layer being encircled by an edge flange, characterized by two cover parts (11, 12) made of polymeric material ), which have spaced-apart receiving openings (1116) for the plug ends of the individual heat exchanger tubes (2) distributed over the surface, and that the receiving openings (1116) are designed as circumferential seals (1117, 1118, 1119) which cooperate with seal the plug ends of the individual heat exchanger tubes (2) against the cover parts (11, 12). Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre (2) aus polymerem Werkstoff bestehen.Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual heat exchanger tubes (2) consist of polymeric material. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre (2) aus metallischem Werkstoff bestehen.Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual heat exchanger tubes (2) consist of metallic material. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einzelnen Wärmetauscherrohre (2) aus anorganischem Werkstoff bestehen.Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual heat exchanger tubes (2) consist of inorganic material. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufnahmeöffnungen (1116) der Deckelteile (11, 12) in ihrer Abmessung bis zu 15 % kleiner sind als der Rohrumfang der Steckenden der Wärmetauscherrohre (2).Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving openings (1116) of the cover parts (11, 12) are up to 15% smaller in size than the pipe circumference of the plug ends of the heat exchanger pipes (2). Wärmetauscher nach Ansprüchen 1 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in die Aufnahmeöffnungen (1116) eine Auskleidung (1117) aus weichem Polymermaterial eingebracht ist.Heat exchanger according to Claims 1 and 5, characterized in that a lining (1117) made of soft polymer material is introduced into the receiving openings (1116). Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Deckelteile (11, 12) und die Auskleidungen (1117) der Aufnahmeöffnungen (1116) im Zwei-Komponenten-Spritzguß hergestellt sind.Heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that the cover parts (11, 12) and the linings (1117) of the receiving openings (1116) are produced in two-component injection molding. Wärmetauscher nach Ansprüchen 1 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufnahmeöffnungen (1116) konisch von außen nach innen verlaufen.Heat exchanger according to Claims 1 and 5, characterized in that the receiving openings (1116) run conically from the outside inwards. Wärmetauscher nach Ansprüchen 1 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in die Aufnahmeöffnungen (1116) Dichtlippen (1117, 1118, 1119) umlaufend hineinragen.Heat exchanger according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that sealing lips (1117, 1118, 1119) protrude all the way into the receiving openings (1116).
EP97116121A 1996-10-30 1997-09-17 Heat exchanger Withdrawn EP0840084A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE29618878U 1996-10-30
DE29618878U DE29618878U1 (en) 1996-10-30 1996-10-30 Heat exchanger

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EP0840084A3 EP0840084A3 (en) 1999-07-28

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Also Published As

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EP0840084A3 (en) 1999-07-28
TR199701239A3 (en) 1998-05-21
DE29618878U1 (en) 1996-12-19
TR199701239A2 (en) 1998-05-21

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