EP0831006A1 - Rail section monitoring method and device - Google Patents
Rail section monitoring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- EP0831006A1 EP0831006A1 EP97116129A EP97116129A EP0831006A1 EP 0831006 A1 EP0831006 A1 EP 0831006A1 EP 97116129 A EP97116129 A EP 97116129A EP 97116129 A EP97116129 A EP 97116129A EP 0831006 A1 EP0831006 A1 EP 0831006A1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010011878 Deafness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/18—Railway track circuits
- B61L1/181—Details
- B61L1/187—Use of alternating current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L21/00—Station blocking between signal boxes in one yard
- B61L21/06—Vehicle-on-line indication; Monitoring locking and release of the route
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device according to the preamble of the claim 1 or 7.
- Track sections of railway facilities are usually replaced by track circuits or axle counters monitored for their occupancy.
- the track circuit or a free signal relay controlled by the axle counter via the contacts of which the associated Track section is reported to a steep plant.
- two free signaling relays controlled with contacts connected in series, which closed for free signaling must be (relay energized).
- Track vacancy detection devices with direct or alternating voltage track circuits or axle counters are e.g. in R. Hämmerli, The principles of security systems for the Railway operation, published by the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB Kr I), edition of February 1990, volume 1, pages 277-316.
- the function of the free notification is a safety function.
- the contacts (make contacts) for the release Excited free-signal relays drop out in the event of faults or if the system fails (e.g. due to power failure, contact break, rail break, rail short circuit or device defect), which has an inhibiting effect.
- a method is also known from WO 94/19223 this allows the free relay to be checked periodically without any change during the test the status message occurs. In the event that e.g. welding of the relay contacts the track section being monitored is reported as occupied. This becomes the second Clearance relay, whose contacts are connected in series with those of the defective relay, reset, whereby the signaling loop connected to the signal box is interrupted.
- a second signaling loop is preferably provided, which is an antivalent Provides free notification for the monitored track section.
- An injury to the Antivalence is detected in the signal box as an error, which means that the route section affects the message Track section is registered as occupied.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of a method and one with two signaling loops To provide provided track vacancy detection device, which allow, in particular due to interference to avoid incorrect status messages caused.
- the method according to the invention and the track vacancy detection device determine whether a Occupancy or no occupancy of the track section is present. The dissolution of a driveway only takes place even if there is no fault.
- Fig. 1 shows a track vacancy detection device GFM with a track circuit, in the rails TR1 and TR2 of a track section are involved. At both ends of the track section to be monitored the rails TR1, TR2 are cut open. An insulation joint is provided at each of the interfaces (often only one rail is cut and isolated). At one end of the track section are the Rails TR1, TR2 via a series resistor Rv (or for electrical isolation via a transformer) connected to a transmission stage TX, which is used to deliver a low-frequency AC voltage (see Fig. 6) is provided. At the other end of the track section, the voltage is tapped and (preferably via a transmitter and filter) fed to a receiving stage RC.
- Rv series resistor for electrical isolation via a transformer
- the transmission signal arrives only attenuated by the bedding resistance Rb to the receiving stage RC, which is the received signal processed and fed to a control unit CTRL, which is provided in a free registration circuit part FMS Relay RX, RY (free signal relay RX, control relay RY) depending on the signal supplied operated.
- the control unit CTRL, the transmission stage TX (without power amplifier) and the reception stage RC can also be realized by a signal processor DSP, to which the received signals Analog / digital converters are to be fed.
- the control unit CTRL actuates two relays RX and RY, which are each provided with two positively driven contacts Kxs, Kxo and Kys, Kyo.
- the closing contacts Kxs, Kys (closed when the relays RX; RY are energized) are inserted serially into the first signaling loop or free signaling loop MS1, through which the track section is reported as free when the closing contacts Kxs, Kys are closed.
- the contact Kyo (opened when the relay RY is energized) is inserted in the second signaling loop or control loop MS2, which is used to resolve routes and for safety-related monitoring of the signaling loop MS1.
- the contact Kxo (opened when the relay RX is energized) is used to monitor the contact Kxs by the control unit CTRL.
- the table below lists the switching states of the contacts Kxs, Kys, Kyo and the associated messages transmitted to the signal box via the loops MS1, MS2, which occur depending on the control of the signaling relay RX, RY by the control unit.
- both relays RX and RY activates, which causes the free loop MS1 "free” and the control loop MS2 "not occupied” the signal box STW reports (state 1). If a fault occurs, relay RX drops out, causing the Open loop MS1 reports "not free” to the STW signal box; the relay RY remains energized, whereby the control loop MS2 contradicts the violation of the antivalence Transmits the message "not used" to the signal box STW.
- the STW signal box therefore has the option of determine that there is no actual assignment, only a reversible fault, e.g. due to bridging the insulation or due to an excessive harmonic content of the traction reverse current arose.
- the relevant section of track is therefore the STW signal box considered "occupied” and "disturbed", i.e. it cannot be used for a new route and a possibly already established route will be announced with the free signal or after the end of the fault not dissolved prematurely.
- the make contacts Kxs, Kys deaf a redundant free signal.
- a Any failure of the relay RY (contacts Kys or Kyo) is detected as a fault in the signal box. Of the Failure of the relay RX (contacts Kxs or Kxo) is detected in the track vacancy detection device GFM.
- the advantage of this arrangement is that the track circuit is more reversible when it occurs Deliberately can report "occupied” and “disturbed” by only the closing contact Kxs of the Relay RX opens This is a full occupancy message, but not for resolution can lead a driveway.
- the free signaling circuit part FMS can be used after the track current or GFM track vacancy detection device working according to the axle counter principle, therefore, in addition to the two basic states “Free” and “busy” still output the status "busy” and "faulty". The release of the state “Free” and “disturbed” is not intended for security reasons, could with a additional circuitry, however, can be realized. E.g.
- Fig. 3 shows the state changes when a fault occurs in a period during the the track section is never occupied.
- the duration of the reported antivalence violation corresponds to that Duration of the disturbance.
- Fig. 4 shows the occurrence of a disturbance at the beginning and Fig. 5 the occurrence of a Disruption at the end of an actual occupancy status.
- the signal box STW can therefore recognize that instead of an assignment (Fig. 3 and 4) and instead of becoming free (Fig. 5) a malfunction occurred, which is handled in compliance with the safety regulations as described above.
- the method according to the invention (and at least the controllable free reporting circuit part FMS) can be used for any track vacancy detection devices that are able to detect faults.
- AC track circuits as shown in Fig. 1 are preferably used.
- Around Being able to detect any interference in the reception frequency band is not a continuous one (CW-) but a pulsed or pause-modulated signal from the transmitter TX as it is shown in Fig. 6.
- the period of the modulated signal is e.g. 200 ms.
- the frequency of the pause modulated Carrier signal is preferred, apart from the frequencies of the interference signals to be expected chosen at 175 Hz.
- a filter F is provided in the receiving stage RC (see FIG. 8), through which the filter circuit is used transmitted pause-modulated signal is preferably filtered such that the frequency of the pause-modulated carrier signals are let through practically undamped and interference signals are blocked. This is indicated by the transmission curve of the filter F at the frequencies of the harmonics of the traction reverse currents preferably zeros.
- the frequencies of the track circuits also become more adjacent Filtered out track sections, which, if they exceed a specified threshold value, bridging the insulation and thus indicate a fault (see Fig. 8, signal isu).
- the filtered signal is stretched, so that a reduced pulse gap tg 'remains.
- the received signal is preferably segmented so that it is within the segments occurring signal components can be evaluated.
- the filtered signal is one of the control unit CTRL via a signal g controlled integrator I supplied, the signal components within integrated into each segment and feeding a threshold level TH, the threshold values of which are preferred are selectable and adjustable. Is during a pulse gap tg 'by the integrated signal component If the threshold value is exceeded, this is recognized as a fault. In contrast, if tb ' a threshold value is exceeded due to the integrated signal component, it is recognized that there is no short circuit due to a wheel axle and therefore there is no occupied state.
- the threshold value provided for measuring the pulses is preferably around Amount of the interference level increased (Fig. 8, signal adj).
- the bedding resistance Rb and / or the transmission strength is measured and taken into account when setting the threshold values.
- the corresponding threshold values must be reduced.
- the GFM track vacancy detection device is suitable both for connection to relay signal boxes, as well as electronic signal boxes.
- the individual modules are in analog or Digital technology implemented.
- the transmission voltage for the track circuits is preferably changed directly by shifting the supply voltage generated, which results in a low power loss for the transmission stage. It can also expensive DC voltage converters can be dispensed with.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung nach dem Obergriff des Patentanspruchs 1 bzw. 7.The present invention relates to a method and a device according to the preamble of the claim 1 or 7.
Gleisabschnitte von Eisenbahnanlagen werden normalerweise durch Gleisstromkreise oder Achszähler bezüglich deren Belegung überwacht. In der Gleisfreimeldevorrichtung wird vom Gleisstromkreis oder vom Achszähler ein Freimelderelais gesteuert, über dessen Kontakte eine Freimeidung des zugehörigen Gleisabschnittes an ein Steilwerk weiter gemeldet wird. Aus sicherheitstechnischen Gründen werden oft zwei Freimelderelais mit in Serie geschalteten Kontakten gesteuert, die für die Freimeldung geschlossen werden müssen (Relais erregt). Gleisfreimeldevorrichtungen mit Gleich- oder Wechseispannungs-Gleisstromkreisen oder Achszählem sind z.B. in R. Hämmerli, Die Grundsätze der Sicherungsanlagen für den Eisenbahnbetrieb, herausgegeben von den Schweizerischen Bundesbahnen (SBB Kr I), Auflage vom Februar 1990, Band 1, Seiten 277 - 316 beschrieben.Track sections of railway facilities are usually replaced by track circuits or axle counters monitored for their occupancy. In the track vacancy detection device, the track circuit or a free signal relay controlled by the axle counter, via the contacts of which the associated Track section is reported to a steep plant. For security reasons, often two free signaling relays controlled with contacts connected in series, which closed for free signaling must be (relay energized). Track vacancy detection devices with direct or alternating voltage track circuits or axle counters are e.g. in R. Hämmerli, The principles of security systems for the Railway operation, published by the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB Kr I), edition of February 1990, volume 1, pages 277-316.
Die Funktion der Freimeldung ist eine Sicherheitsfunktion. Die Kontakte (Schliesser) der für die Freimeldung erregten Freimelderelais fallen beim Auftreten von Störungen oder beim Versagen der Anlage (z.B. aufgrund Stromausfall, Kontaktunterbruch, Schienenbruch, Schienenkurzschluss oder Gerätedefekt) ab, wodurch eine betriebshemmende Wirkung eintritt. Aus der WO 94/19223 ist zudem ein Verfahren bekannt, das erlaubt, die Freimelderelais periodisch zu prüfen, ohne dass wahrend der Prüfung eine Änderung der Zustandsmeldung eintritt. Für den Fall, dass bei der Prüfung z.B. ein Verschweissen der Relaiskontakte festgestellt wird, wird der überwachte Gleisabschnitt als belegt gemeldet. Dazu wird das zweite Freimelderelais, dessen Kontakte in Serie mit denjenigen des defekten Relais geschaltet sind, zurückgesetzt, wodurch die mit dem Stellwerk verbundene Meldeschleife unterbrochen wird. Aus der WO 94/19223 ist ferner bekannt, dass bevorzugt eine zweite Meldeschleife vorgesehen wird, die eine antivalente Freimeldeaussage für den überwachten Gleisabschnitt zur Verfügung stellt. Eine Verletzung der Antivalenz wird im Stellwerk als Fehler detektiert, wodurch der Streckenabschnitt die Meldung betreffende Gleisabschnitt als belegt registriert wird.The function of the free notification is a safety function. The contacts (make contacts) for the release Excited free-signal relays drop out in the event of faults or if the system fails (e.g. due to power failure, contact break, rail break, rail short circuit or device defect), which has an inhibiting effect. A method is also known from WO 94/19223 this allows the free relay to be checked periodically without any change during the test the status message occurs. In the event that e.g. welding of the relay contacts the track section being monitored is reported as occupied. This becomes the second Clearance relay, whose contacts are connected in series with those of the defective relay, reset, whereby the signaling loop connected to the signal box is interrupted. From the WO 94/19223 it is also known that a second signaling loop is preferably provided, which is an antivalent Provides free notification for the monitored track section. An injury to the Antivalence is detected in the signal box as an error, which means that the route section affects the message Track section is registered as occupied.
Beim Auftreten von Störungen, die z.B. durch Traktionsrückströme der Zugfahrzeuge verursacht werden oder beim Auftreten einer Isolierstossüberbrückung wird unter Umständen kurzzeitig eine normale Belegung gemeldet, wodurch das Steilwerk, obwohl die Fahrstrasse noch nicht befahren wurde, einzelne Verschlüsse und Teile der Fahristrasse auflösen kann und anschliessend wieder einstellen muss. Ein so frei gewordener Abschnitt wird dann u.U. für eine neue Fahrstrasse verwendet, was zu erheblichen Gefahren führen kann. Ferner entstehen z.T. erhebliche Verzögerungen im Verkehrsablauf.If faults occur, e.g. caused by reverse traction currents from the towing vehicles or if an insulation surge bridging occurs, normal assignment may become brief reported, whereby the steeple, although the road has not yet been used, individual closures and can dissolve parts of the route and then have to stop. So free section that has become used for a new driveway, leading to significant dangers can lead. Furthermore, some considerable delays in the flow of traffic.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine mit zwei Meldeschlaufen versehene Gleisfreimeldevorrichtung zu schaffen, die es erlauben, insbesondere durch Störungen verursachte unkorrekte Zustandsmeldungen zu vermeiden. The present invention is therefore based on the object of a method and one with two signaling loops To provide provided track vacancy detection device, which allow, in particular due to interference to avoid incorrect status messages caused.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 bzw. 7 angegebenen Massnahmen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in weiteren Ansprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by those specified in the characterizing part of patent claims 1 and 7, respectively Measures solved. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in further claims.
Durch das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren und die Gleisfreimeldevorrichtung wird festgestellt, ob eine Belegung oder keine Belegung des Gleisabschnittes vorliegt. Das Auflösen einer Fahrstrasse erfolgt nur noch dann, wenn keine Störung vorliegt.The method according to the invention and the track vacancy detection device determine whether a Occupancy or no occupancy of the track section is present. The dissolution of a driveway only takes place even if there is no fault.
Bei der Feststellung eines permanenten Fehlers in der Gleisfreimeidevorrichtung, z.B. beim Verschweissen von Kontakten eines Freimelderelais, wird aus sichemeitstechnischen Gründen der Zustand "belegt" permanent an das Steilwerk gemeldet.Upon detection of a permanent error in the track vacancy detection device, e.g. when welding of contacts of a free signal relay, the status is "occupied" for safety reasons permanently reported to the steep plant.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand einer Zeichnung beispielsweise näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt
- Fig. 1
- eine bevorzugte Gleisfreimeldevorrichtung GFM mit Gleisstromkreis,
- Fig. 2
- ein Freimeldeschaltungsteil FMS mit zwei Ausgangsrelais RX, RY,
- Fig. 3
- ein Zeitdiagramm für Schaltungszustände beim Auftreten einer Störung während der betreffende Gleisabschnitt nicht belegt ist,
- Fig. 4
- ein Zeitdiagramm für Schaltungszustände beim Auftreten einer Störung zu Beginn der Belegungsdauer des Gleisabschnittes,
- Fig. 5
- ein Zeitdiagramm für Schaltungszustände beim Auftreten einer Störung am Ende der Belegungsdauer des Gleisabschnittes,
- Fig. 6
- ein bevorzugtes Sendesignal für einen Wechselspannungs-Gleisstromkreis,
- Fig. 7
- das Signal gemäss Fig. 6 nach der Filterung in einem Empfänger RC und
- Fig. 8
- einzelne Module des Empfängers RC
- Fig. 1
- a preferred track vacancy detection device GFM with track circuit,
- Fig. 2
- a free signaling circuit part FMS with two output relays RX, RY,
- Fig. 3
- a time diagram for circuit states when a fault occurs while the relevant track section is not occupied,
- Fig. 4
- 1 shows a time diagram for circuit states when a fault occurs at the beginning of the occupancy period of the track section,
- Fig. 5
- 1 shows a time diagram for circuit states when a fault occurs at the end of the occupancy period of the track section,
- Fig. 6
- a preferred transmission signal for an AC track circuit,
- Fig. 7
- 6 after filtering in a receiver RC and
- Fig. 8
- individual modules of the receiver RC
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Gleisfreimeldevorrichtung GFM mit einem Gleisstromkreis, in den Schienen TR1 und TR2 eines Gleisabschnittes eingebunden sind. An beiden Enden des zu überwachenden Gleisabschnittes sind die Schienen TR1, TR2 aufgeschnitten. An den Schnittstellen ist je ein Isolierstoss vorgesehen (oft wird auch nur eine Schiene aufgetrennt und isoliert). Am einen Ende des Gleisabschnittes sind die Schienen TR1, TR2 über einen Vorwiderstand Rv (oder zur galvanischen Trennung über einen Übertrager) mit einer Sendestufe TX verbunden, die zur Abgabe einer niederfrequenten Wechselspannung (siehe Fig. 6) vorgesehen ist. Am anderen Ende des Gleisabschnittes wird die Spannung abgegriffen und (vorzugsweise über einen Übertrager und Filter) einer Empfangsstufe RC zugeführt. Sofern kein Kurzschluss durch eine Fahrzeugachse (Kurzschlusswiderstand Rk) vorhanden ist, gelangt das Sendesignal nur durch den Bettungswiderstand Rb gedämpft zur Empfangsstufe RC, die das empfangene Signal verarbeitet und einer Steuereinheit CTRL zuführt, die in einem Freimeldeschaltungsteil FMS vorgesehene Relais RX, RY (Freimelderelais RX, Kontrollrelais RY) in Abhängigkeit des zugeführten Signals betätigt. Die Steuereinheit CTRL, die Sendestufe TX (ohne Endverstärker) und die Empfangsstufe RC können auch durch einen Signalprozessor DSP realisiert werden, dem die empfangenen Signale über Analog/Digital-Wandler zuzuführen sind.Fig. 1 shows a track vacancy detection device GFM with a track circuit, in the rails TR1 and TR2 of a track section are involved. At both ends of the track section to be monitored the rails TR1, TR2 are cut open. An insulation joint is provided at each of the interfaces (often only one rail is cut and isolated). At one end of the track section are the Rails TR1, TR2 via a series resistor Rv (or for electrical isolation via a transformer) connected to a transmission stage TX, which is used to deliver a low-frequency AC voltage (see Fig. 6) is provided. At the other end of the track section, the voltage is tapped and (preferably via a transmitter and filter) fed to a receiving stage RC. Unless there is a short circuit through a vehicle axle (short-circuit resistance Rk), the transmission signal arrives only attenuated by the bedding resistance Rb to the receiving stage RC, which is the received signal processed and fed to a control unit CTRL, which is provided in a free registration circuit part FMS Relay RX, RY (free signal relay RX, control relay RY) depending on the signal supplied operated. The control unit CTRL, the transmission stage TX (without power amplifier) and the reception stage RC can also be realized by a signal processor DSP, to which the received signals Analog / digital converters are to be fed.
In Fig. 2 ist das Freimeldeschaltungsteil FMS näher dargestellt, das über zwei Meldeschlaufen MS1,
MS2 mit einem entfernten Stellwerk STW verbunden ist. Durch die Steuereinheit CTRL werden zwei
Relais RX und RY betätigt, die mit je zwei zwangsgeführten Kontakten Kxs, Kxo bzw. Kys, Kyo versehen
sind. Die (im erregten Zustand der Relais RX; RY geschlossenen) Schliesskontakte Kxs, Kys sind seriell
in die erste Meldeschlaufe bzw. Freimeldeschlaufe MS1 eingefügt, durch die der Gleisabschnitt beim
Schliessen der Schliesskontakte Kxs, Kys als frei gemeldet wird. Der (im erregten Zustand des Relais
RY geöffnete) Kontakt Kyo ist in die zweite Meldeschlaufe bzw. Kontrollschlaufe MS2 eingefügt, die zur
Auflösung von Fahrstrassen und zur sicherheitstechnischen Überwachung der Freimeldeschlaufe MS1
verwendet wird. Der (im erregten Zustand des Relais RX geöffnete) Kontakt Kxo dient zur Überwachung
des Kontaktes Kxs durch die Steuereinheit CTRL. In nachstehender Tabelle sind die Schaltzustände der
Kontakte Kxs, Kys, Kyo sowie die zugehörigen über die Schlaufen MS1, MS2 an das Stellwerk übermittelten
Meldungen aufgelistet, die in Abhängigkeit der Ansteuerung der Melderelais RX, RY durch die
Steuereinheit auftreten.
Falls die Nicht-Belegung des Gleisabschnittes einwandfrei festgestellt wird, werden beide Relais RX und RY aktiviert, wodurch die Freimeldeschlaufe MS1 "frei" und die Kontrollschlaufe MS2 "nicht belegt" an das Stellwerk STW meldet (Zustand 1). Beim Auftreten einer Störung fällt Relais RX ab, wodurch die Freimeldeschlaufe MS1 "nicht frei" an das Stellwerk STW meldet; das Relais RY bleibt hingegen angezogen, wodurch die Kontrollschlaufe MS2 unter Verletzung der Antivalenz die dazu im Widerspruch stehende Meldung "nicht belegt" an das Stellwerk STW überträgt. Das Stellwerk STW hat daher die Möglichkeit, festzustellen, dass keine tatsächliche Belegung vorliegt, sondern nur eine reversible Störung, die z.B. durch eine Isolierstossüberbrückung oder durch einen zu grossen Oberwellengehalt des Traktionsrückstromes entstanden ist. Der betreffende Gleisabschnitt wird vom Stellwerk STW daher als "belegt" und "gestört" betrachtet, d.h. er kann nicht für eine neue Fahrstrasse verwendet werden und eine eventuell schon gestellte Fahrstrasse wird bei der Freimeldung bzw. nach dem Ende der Störung nicht vorzeitig aufgelöst. Die Schliesskontakte Kxs, Kys ertauben eine redundante Freimeldung. Ein beliebiger Ausfall des Relais RY (Kontakte Kys oder Kyo) wird im Stellwerk als Störung detektiert. Der Ausfall des Relais RX (Kontakte Kxs oder Kxo) wird in der Gleisfreimeldevorrichtung GFM erkannt. Der Vorteil dieser Anordnung besteht insbesondere darin, dass der Gleisstromkreis beim Auftreten reversibler Stötungen absichtlich "belegt" und "gestört" melden kann, indem er nur den Schliesskontakt Kxs des Relais RX öffnet Es handelt sich dabei um eine vollwertige Belegtmeldung, die aber nicht zur Auflösung einer Fahrstrasse führen kann. Durch das Freimeldeschaltungsteil FMS kann eine nach dem Gleisstrom- oder nach Achszählerprinzip arbeitende Gleisfreimeldevorrichtung GFM daher neben den zwei Grundzuständen "frei" und "belegt" noch den Zustand "belegt" und "gestört" ausgeben. Die Ausgabe des Zustandes "frei" und "gestört" ist aus sicherheitstechnischen Gründen nicht beabsichtigt, könnte mit einem zusätzlichen Schaltungsaufwand jedoch realisiert werden. Z.B. durch vier zu überwachende Relais könnten vier Kontakte in den Meldeschlaufen MS1, MS2 geschlossen werden, wodurch unter Verletzung der Antivalenz der Zustand "frei" und "belegt" bzw. "frei" und "gestört" an das Stellwerk gemeldet würde. Das in Fig. 2 gezeigte Freimeldeschaltungsteil FMS erlaubt mit geringem Aufwand hingegen, unter Beachtung der Sicherheitsanforderungen die notwendigen Meldungen zu übertragen. Beim Eintreten des in Tabelle 1 angegebenen Zustandes 3, während dem Relais RX angezogen und Relais RY gelöst ist, wird daher nicht "frei" und "gestört", sondern "nicht frei" und "belegt" ausgegeben. Dieser Zustand wird von der Gleisfreimeldevorrichtung GFM im Normalbetrieb nicht eingestellt, sondern kann allenfalls bei einem Fehler auftreten, dem sichemeitshalber durch eine Belegtmeldung begegnet wird. Bei Belegung des überwachten Gleisabschnittes wird hingegen Zustand 4 eingestellt.If the non-assignment of the track section is determined correctly, both relays RX and RY activates, which causes the free loop MS1 "free" and the control loop MS2 "not occupied" the signal box STW reports (state 1). If a fault occurs, relay RX drops out, causing the Open loop MS1 reports "not free" to the STW signal box; the relay RY remains energized, whereby the control loop MS2 contradicts the violation of the antivalence Transmits the message "not used" to the signal box STW. The STW signal box therefore has the option of determine that there is no actual assignment, only a reversible fault, e.g. due to bridging the insulation or due to an excessive harmonic content of the traction reverse current arose. The relevant section of track is therefore the STW signal box considered "occupied" and "disturbed", i.e. it cannot be used for a new route and a possibly already established route will be announced with the free signal or after the end of the fault not dissolved prematurely. The make contacts Kxs, Kys deaf a redundant free signal. A Any failure of the relay RY (contacts Kys or Kyo) is detected as a fault in the signal box. Of the Failure of the relay RX (contacts Kxs or Kxo) is detected in the track vacancy detection device GFM. Of the The advantage of this arrangement is that the track circuit is more reversible when it occurs Deliberately can report "occupied" and "disturbed" by only the closing contact Kxs of the Relay RX opens This is a full occupancy message, but not for resolution can lead a driveway. The free signaling circuit part FMS can be used after the track current or GFM track vacancy detection device working according to the axle counter principle, therefore, in addition to the two basic states "Free" and "busy" still output the status "busy" and "faulty". The release of the state "Free" and "disturbed" is not intended for security reasons, could with a additional circuitry, however, can be realized. E.g. through four relays to be monitored Four contacts in the signaling loops MS1, MS2 are closed, thereby violating the Antivalence of the status "free" and "occupied" or "free" and "faulty" would be reported to the signal box. The In contrast, the free signaling circuit part FMS shown in FIG. 2 allows, with little effort, under Pay attention to the safety requirements to transmit the necessary messages. When the state 3 given in table 1, while relay RX is energized and relay RY is released, is therefore not "free" and "disturbed", but "not free" and "occupied". This condition will not set by the track free detection device GFM in normal operation, but can at most an error occurs which, for safety reasons, is countered by an occupancy report. With occupancy In contrast, state 4 of the monitored track section is set.
Aus Fig. 2 ist ferner ersichtlich, dass beim Schliessen der Kontakte Kyo bzw. KYs und Kxs Stromkreise geschlossen werden, in die im Stellwerk STW Spannungsquellen B und Relaisspulen MX und MY eingeschlossen sind, durch die im Stellwerk Meldekontakte (nicht dargestellt) betätigt werden.From Fig. 2 it can also be seen that when closing the contacts Kyo or KYs and Kxs circuits be closed, included in the STW interlocking voltage sources B and relay coils MX and MY through which signaling contacts (not shown) are actuated in the signal box.
In Fig. 3, 4 und 5 sind die Zeitverläufe
- der tatsächlichen Belegung des Gleisabschnittes OCC,
- der auftretenden Störungen DST,
- der Aktivierung von Relais RX RX,
- der Aktivierung von Relais RY RY,
- des Auftretens von Antivalenzverletzungen AV,
- der Meldungen der Freimeldeschlaufe MS1 und
- der Meldungen der Kontrollschlaufe MS2
- the actual occupancy of the track section OCC,
- the occurring faults DST,
- activation of relay RX RX,
- the activation of relay RY RY,
- the occurrence of antivalence violations AV,
- the messages of the free registration loop MS1 and
- the messages of the control loop MS2
Fig. 3 zeigt die Zustandsänderungen beim Auftreten einer Störung in einem Zeitabschnitt während dem der Gleisabschnitt nie belegt wird. Die Dauer der gemeldeten Antivalenzverletzung entspricht darin der Dauer der Störung. Fig. 4 zeigt das Auftreten einer Störung zu Beginn und Fig. 5 das Auftreten einer Störung am Ende der Dauer eines tatsächlichen Belegungszustandes. Das Stellwerk STW kann daher erkennen, dass anstelle einer Belegung (Fig. 3 und 4) und anstelle des Freiwerdens (Fig. 5) eine Störung aufgetreten ist, die unter Beachtung der Sicherheitsvorschriften wie oben beschrieben gehandhabt wird. Fig. 3 shows the state changes when a fault occurs in a period during the the track section is never occupied. The duration of the reported antivalence violation corresponds to that Duration of the disturbance. Fig. 4 shows the occurrence of a disturbance at the beginning and Fig. 5 the occurrence of a Disruption at the end of an actual occupancy status. The signal box STW can therefore recognize that instead of an assignment (Fig. 3 and 4) and instead of becoming free (Fig. 5) a malfunction occurred, which is handled in compliance with the safety regulations as described above.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren (und zumindest das steuerbare Freimeldeschaltungsteil FMS) kann für beliebige Gleisfreimeldevorrichtungen verwendet werden, die in der Lage sind Störungen zu detektieren.The method according to the invention (and at least the controllable free reporting circuit part FMS) can can be used for any track vacancy detection devices that are able to detect faults.
Vorzugsweise werden Wechselstrom-Gleisstromkreise verwendet, wie sie in Fig. 1 dargestellt sind. Um allfällige Störungen im Empfangsfrequenzband detektieren zu können, wird nicht ein kontinuierliches (CW-) sondern ein gepulstes bzw. pausenmoduliertes Signal von der Sendestufe TX abgegeben, wie es in Fig. 6 dargestellt ist. Das Verhältnis Puls zu Pulslücke (Burst/Gap) wird vorzugsweise (tb : tg =) 3 : 2 gewählt. Die Periodendauer des modulierten Signals beträgt z.B. 200 ms. Die Frequenz des pausenmodulierten Trägersignals wird abseits der Frequenzen der zu erwartenden Störsignale, vorzugsweise bei 175 Hz gewählt.AC track circuits as shown in Fig. 1 are preferably used. Around Being able to detect any interference in the reception frequency band is not a continuous one (CW-) but a pulsed or pause-modulated signal from the transmitter TX as it is shown in Fig. 6. The pulse to pulse gap (burst / gap) ratio is preferably (tb: tg =) 3: 2 chosen. The period of the modulated signal is e.g. 200 ms. The frequency of the pause modulated Carrier signal is preferred, apart from the frequencies of the interference signals to be expected chosen at 175 Hz.
In der Empfangsstufe RC ist ein Filter F vorgesehen (siehe Fig. 8), durch das das über den Gleisstromkreis übertragene pausenmodulierte Signal vorzugsweise derart gefiltert wird, dass die Frequenz des pausenmodulierten Trägersignals praktisch ungedämpft durchgelassen und Störsignale gesperrt werden. Dazu weist das die Durchlasskurve des Filters F bei den Frequenzen der Oberwellen der Traktionsrückströme vorzugsweise Nullstellen auf. Femer werden die Frequenzen der Gleisstromkreise benachbarter Gleisabschnitte herausgefiltert, die, falls sie einen vorgesehenen Schwellwert überschreiten, eine Isolierstossüberbrückung und somit eine Störung anzeigen (siehe Fig. 8, Signal isu). Durch die Ein- und Ausschwingvorgänge des Filters F wird das gefilterte Signal gedehnt, so dass eine reduzierte Pulslücke tg' verbleibt. Das empfangene Signal wird vorzugsweise segmentiert, so dass die innerhalb der Segmente auftretenden Signalanteile ausgewertet werden können. Z.B. wird das gefilterte Signal einem von der Steuereinheit CTRL über ein Signal g gesteuerten Integrator I zugeführt, der die Signalanteile innerhalb jedem Segment integriert und einer Schwellwertstufe TH zuführt, deren Schwellwerte vorzugsweise selektierbar und justierbar sind. Wird während einer Pulslücke tg' durch den Integrierten Signalanteil ein Schwellwert überschritten, so wird dies als Störung erkannt. Wird hingegen während einer Pulsdauer tb' durch den integrierten Signalanteil ein Schwellwert überschritten, so wird erkannt, dass kein Kurzschluss durch eine Radachse und somit kein Belegtzustand vorliegt. Da sich die Störungen dem Nutzsignal überlagem können, wird der zur Messung der Pulse vorgesehene Schwellwert vorzugsweise um den Betrag des Störpegels erhöht (Fig. 8, Signal adj). Zusätzlich kann der Bettungswiderstand Rb und/oder die Sendestärke gemessen und bei der Einstellung der Schwellwerte berücksichtigt werden. Bei einer Reduktion des Bettungswiderstandes Rb ist nämlich bei unveränderter Sendestärke mit einer Reduktion der Nutz- und Störsignale zu rechnen. Die entsprechenden Schwellwerte sind in diesem Fall zu reduzieren. Bevor eine Freimeldung abgegeben wird, werden vorzugsweise mehrere Intervalle geprüft, so dass klar festgestellte Zustände gemeldet werden.A filter F is provided in the receiving stage RC (see FIG. 8), through which the filter circuit is used transmitted pause-modulated signal is preferably filtered such that the frequency of the pause-modulated carrier signals are let through practically undamped and interference signals are blocked. This is indicated by the transmission curve of the filter F at the frequencies of the harmonics of the traction reverse currents preferably zeros. The frequencies of the track circuits also become more adjacent Filtered out track sections, which, if they exceed a specified threshold value, bridging the insulation and thus indicate a fault (see Fig. 8, signal isu). Through the input and Swinging out of the filter F, the filtered signal is stretched, so that a reduced pulse gap tg 'remains. The received signal is preferably segmented so that it is within the segments occurring signal components can be evaluated. E.g. the filtered signal is one of the control unit CTRL via a signal g controlled integrator I supplied, the signal components within integrated into each segment and feeding a threshold level TH, the threshold values of which are preferred are selectable and adjustable. Is during a pulse gap tg 'by the integrated signal component If the threshold value is exceeded, this is recognized as a fault. In contrast, if tb ' a threshold value is exceeded due to the integrated signal component, it is recognized that there is no short circuit due to a wheel axle and therefore there is no occupied state. Since the interference is the useful signal can be superimposed, the threshold value provided for measuring the pulses is preferably around Amount of the interference level increased (Fig. 8, signal adj). In addition, the bedding resistance Rb and / or the transmission strength is measured and taken into account when setting the threshold values. At a Reduction of the bedding resistance Rb is namely with an unchanged transmission strength with a reduction the useful and interference signals. In this case, the corresponding threshold values must be reduced. Before a free notification is given, several intervals are preferably checked so that clearly identified conditions are reported.
Die erfindungsgemässe Gleisfreimeldevorrichtung GFM eignet sich sowohl zum Anschluss an Relaisstellwerke, als auch an elektronische Stellwerke. Die einzelnen Baugruppen werden in Analog- oder Digitaltechnik realisiert. The GFM track vacancy detection device according to the invention is suitable both for connection to relay signal boxes, as well as electronic signal boxes. The individual modules are in analog or Digital technology implemented.
Vorzugsweise wird die Sendespannung für die Gleisstromkreise direkt durch Umtasten der Speisespannung erzeugt, wodurch sich eine geringe Verlustleistung für die Sendestufe ergibt. Ferner kann dadurch auf teure Gleichspannungswandler verzichtet werden.The transmission voltage for the track circuits is preferably changed directly by shifting the supply voltage generated, which results in a low power loss for the transmission stage. It can also expensive DC voltage converters can be dispensed with.
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CH230396 | 1996-09-20 | ||
CH230396 | 1996-09-20 | ||
CH2303/96 | 1996-09-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0831006A1 true EP0831006A1 (en) | 1998-03-25 |
EP0831006B1 EP0831006B1 (en) | 2002-07-03 |
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ID=4230646
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97116129A Expired - Lifetime EP0831006B1 (en) | 1996-09-20 | 1997-09-17 | Rail section monitoring method and device |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0831006B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE220019T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59707631D1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0958986A3 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 2002-08-21 | VAE Aktiengesellschaft | Monitoring device for track-free signalling systems |
JP2014159185A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-09-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Transmitter for track circuits |
CN116654042A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-08-29 | 卡斯柯信号有限公司 | Method for identifying faults of adjacent track sections |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4270715A (en) * | 1978-06-10 | 1981-06-02 | Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co. | Railway control signal interlocking systems |
DE3515088A1 (en) * | 1985-04-26 | 1986-11-27 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Device for supplying a track-release or track-occupancy indication for a track section |
DE3522418A1 (en) * | 1985-06-22 | 1987-01-02 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag | DEVICE FOR REPORTING THE OCCUPANCY CONDITION OF TRACK SECTIONS IN THE AREA OF AN ACTUATOR |
-
1997
- 1997-09-17 DE DE59707631T patent/DE59707631D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-09-17 AT AT97116129T patent/ATE220019T1/en active
- 1997-09-17 EP EP97116129A patent/EP0831006B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4270715A (en) * | 1978-06-10 | 1981-06-02 | Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co. | Railway control signal interlocking systems |
DE3515088A1 (en) * | 1985-04-26 | 1986-11-27 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Device for supplying a track-release or track-occupancy indication for a track section |
DE3522418A1 (en) * | 1985-06-22 | 1987-01-02 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag | DEVICE FOR REPORTING THE OCCUPANCY CONDITION OF TRACK SECTIONS IN THE AREA OF AN ACTUATOR |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0958986A3 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 2002-08-21 | VAE Aktiengesellschaft | Monitoring device for track-free signalling systems |
JP2014159185A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-09-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Transmitter for track circuits |
CN116654042A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-08-29 | 卡斯柯信号有限公司 | Method for identifying faults of adjacent track sections |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP0831006B1 (en) | 2002-07-03 |
ATE220019T1 (en) | 2002-07-15 |
DE59707631D1 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
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