EP0830560B1 - Initiateur pyrotechnique et systeme de securite pour vehicule comportant un tel initiateur - Google Patents
Initiateur pyrotechnique et systeme de securite pour vehicule comportant un tel initiateur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0830560B1 EP0830560B1 EP96911012A EP96911012A EP0830560B1 EP 0830560 B1 EP0830560 B1 EP 0830560B1 EP 96911012 A EP96911012 A EP 96911012A EP 96911012 A EP96911012 A EP 96911012A EP 0830560 B1 EP0830560 B1 EP 0830560B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- initiator
- electro
- pyrotechnic
- bridge
- receptacle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
- F42B3/12—Bridge initiators
- F42B3/124—Bridge initiators characterised by the configuration or material of the bridge
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an initiator electropyrotechnic as described by the preamble of claim 1.
- This type of device has the function of being ignited by the passage of an electric current greater than one predetermined threshold value, in order to activate a mechanism.
- the electropyrotechnic initiators are intended for be integrated into electrotechnical chains.
- they are used in security systems for cars or other vehicles, for example for operate an airbag. They are also used for example in missiles.
- Such an electropyrotechnic initiator is known from example of document US-A-5,230,287 (basis for the preamble of claim 1).
- This initiator known electropyrotechnic includes two pins electric current supply inserted in a base, a bridge establishing an electrical connection between the two pins, a pyrotechnic composition stored in a container, an electronic circuit comprising a deposited bridge on a plate, this plate being connected to the pins electric current supply, and the composition pyrotechnic being compacted in the container and combined with the microcomponent under pressure in the container.
- the invention also relates to a vehicle security system comprising one or more several initiators.
- the initiators used to date consist of usually a device with two pins electric connected by a welded filament constituting a bridge conductor placed in contact with a composition pyrotechnic.
- the driver bridge is performed on a printed circuit or equivalent support. Greater precision is thus possible.
- a weld bead is required at the connection between the driver bridge and the supply pins current. This affects the flatness of the interface of the driver's bridge with the pyrotechnic composition and affects the regularity of the exchanges calorific.
- the weld bead also requires the use of a deposition technology, consisting of depositing drops or painting of pyrotechnic product, technology little appreciated for mass production.
- these devices have an architecture not intended to receive either a conductive or semiconductor bridge.
- the invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.
- the object of the invention is thus an electropyrotechnic initiator allowing to precisely control a firing, able to be integrated to an efficient chain requiring a high rate of reliability.
- Another objective of the invention is an initiator capable of receive either a conductive or semiconductor bridge, with identical architectures, the semiconductor bridge ensuring faster heat exchange with the pyrotechnic composition.
- the subject of the invention is also a protection against electric shock static.
- An additional object of the invention is a technology using a compacted form of the pyrotechnic composition, allowing to preserve the integrity of the interface between the bridge and the composition, even after long storage.
- Another object of the invention is a initiator with a long lifespan, thanks to hermetic properties.
- the invention also relates to a security system for a vehicle comprising such an initiator.
- the invention relates to an initiator electropyrotechnic comprising the characteristics described in claim 1.
- this bridge is deposited on a plate, the bridge and the plate being part of an electronic microcomponent, the wafer is connected to the pins and the composition is compacted in the container. The composition and microcomponent are brought together under pressure in the container.
- the pyrotechnic initiator according to the invention offers thus a unique architecture, allowing to integrate both a conductive and a semiconductor bridge.
- the initiator can be made from of two electrical and pyrotechnics assembled under pressure, so that maintain the integrity of the interface between the microcomponent and composition. Compaction of the pyrotechnic composition also allows a perfect control of its ignition thanks to the bridge of electronic component.
- the container has hermetic walls, the base is an airtight crossing and the connection walls at the base is also airtight. We avoid thus infiltrations in the composition.
- the initiator according to the invention also comprises a housing inside the container, this housing comprising a material saturated with helium, allowing to detect possible leaks.
- the initiator according to the invention allows control very simple hermeticity.
- the material saturated in helium is indeed a real sponge, and any leakage from the case leads to a loss of helium can be easily detected by suction.
- the container includes an electrically insulating cup and case metal with airtight walls containing this cup.
- the container preferably has an area of its thinned or weakened walls, so that a ignition of the pyrotechnic composition has a privileged effect to the law of this area.
- the initiator includes a insulating cap which, together with the cup, constitutes a electrically insulating cage protecting the pyrotechnic composition of all attacks resulting in particular from electricity discharges static.
- the bridge being conductive consists of a layer resistive of constant thickness.
- the resistive layer then advantageously has a rectangular surface, for example square.
- the bridge is semiconductor.
- two contact pads are advantageously provided at opposite ends of the plate, these ranges being intended to facilitate soldering of the pins.
- This device eliminates any problem posed by weld beads.
- the invention also relates to a system for vehicle security comprising at least one electropyrotechnic initiator according to the invention, able to activate a safety mechanism.
- Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of an inert subset, comprising elements electric, part of an initiator according to the invention.
- Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section a pyrotechnic sub-assembly corresponding to the inert sub-assembly of Figure 1.
- Figure 3 shows an assembly of the sub-assemblies respectively inert and pyrotechnic of Figures 1 and 2, constituting the initiator described in as an example.
- Figure 4 shows a micro-component electronics used in the Figure initiator 3, along a cross section IV-IV.
- Figure 5 shows the bridge of Figure 4 in perspective.
- the electropyrotechnic initiator 1 representative of the invention, shown in the Figure 3, is composed of two parts: a first inert sub-assembly 18 comprising elements electric, and a second pyrotechnic sub-assembly 19, containing products used for firing.
- the inert sub-assembly 18, shown in the Figure 1 has two electrical pins 7 intended to be connected to an electrical circuit. These two metal pins 7 for supplying current are typically made of iron-nickel FN50. Their diameter is for example 1 mm. Pins 7 are hermetically sealed in an insulating base electrically. This is preferably made of glass, but can also be ceramic or plastic, for example. A cylindrical body 9 surrounds this base 8 to which it is linked hermetically. This metallic body 9 is of preferably made of stainless steel. Base 8 is covered with a cap 10 threaded on the pins 7. This cap 10 is made of a material electrically insulating, and is preferably in plastic. It is typically a polyamide. The cap 10 electrically insulates the body 9 metal of the pyrotechnic part.
- An electronic microcomponent 20 is soldered to the pins 7.
- the cap 10 facilitates the positioning and contributes to the isolation of the pyrotechnic part.
- the pyrotechnic sub-assembly 19, visible on Figure 2, includes the pyrotechnic composition 4 initiation. This is a substance sensitive to the heat. It can typically be chosen from lead azide, tetrazene, lead mononitroresorcinates, lead dinitrororcorcates and lead trinitroresorcinates. The last substance is the one chosen in the example.
- Pyrotechnic composition 4 is accompanied of a composition 5 reinforcing an effect pyrotechnic.
- This reinforcing composition is redox type. Its reducer is typically based on zirconium, titanium, hydride titanium or boron. In a preferred embodiment, it contains 50 to 70% potassium perchlorate, 0 to 10% boron, 20 to 40% titanium hydride and 2 to 5% fluorinated binder.
- compositions 4 and 5 are compacted under pressure in an insulating cup 3. This one is from preferably plastic. Composition 5 reinforcing a pyrotechnic effect is compacted towards the bottom 16 of well 3, and the composition pyrotechnic 4 is compacted above. For example, 50 mg of composition 5 are successively compressed, then 30 mg of the pyrotechnic composition 4.
- Well 3 containing the composition pyrotechnic 4 and the reinforcing composition pyrotechnic effect 5 is itself contained in a case 2, preferably metallic.
- Cup 3 and cap 10 assembled constitute an electrically insulating cage which protects the pyrotechnic composition from all assaults resulting in particular from landfills of static electricity.
- Case 2 has a thinned bottom 15, so as to create prior embrittlement.
- a firing of the pyrotechnic composition 4 has an effect as well privileged in the direction of the bottom 15.
- the bottom 16 of the bucket 3 also has a reduced thickness.
- a housing 6 Between the bottom 16 of the bucket 3 and the bottom 15 of the case 2 is provided with a housing 6.
- This housing 6 is filled with a material saturated with helium, presenting preferably in the form of a thin washer. This is placed at the bottom 15 of the case 2 before the loading of the bucket 3.
- This device makes it possible to test easily the hermeticity of initiator 1, using a helium detector.
- the inert sub-assembly 18 and the sub-assembly pyrotechnics 19 are assembled in compression 1 around a common axis 13, as shown in Figure 3 to constitute the initiator 1.
- a the case 2 and the body 9 are joined together by a circular laser weld 12.
- This weld 12 maintains constant compression and guarantees airtightness. For example, it can guarantee a state of a pyrotechnic charge compressive with a value of 500 bars.
- the assembly of two subsets 18, 19 can also be made by gluing the case 2 and the body 9.
- Pressure assembly of the two sub-assemblies 18, 19 avoids the presence of air between the microcomponent 20 and the pyrotechnic composition 4, which would harm a control of calorific exchanges.
- the general advantage of this arrangement is that it allows maintain the integrity of the interface between bridge 23 and composition 4, the latter being carried out precisely according to the desired configuration.
- the cap 10 electrically insulates the pyrotechnic composition 4 of the metallic body 9.
- the glass base 8 ensures the tightness of the passage between the pins 7 and the metal body 9, it allows also to maintain the compressive state.
- the weld 12 prevents infiltration between the case 2 on the one hand, and the body 9 and the bucket 3 on the other hand, thus giving the container compositions 4, 5 excellent hermeticity, it also helps maintain the compressive state.
- the electronic microcomponent 20, detailed on Figure 4, preferably includes a plate 11 alumina.
- a plate 11 alumina For example, it has a length L1 3 mm in a direction from pin 7 to the other, a width L2 equal to 2.54 mm and a thickness of 0.635 mm.
- the tracks 22 are separated by an L3 air gap of approximately 100 ⁇ m.
- a bridge 23 is screen printed on this air gap L3. It can also be photolithographed or deposited under empty. In the example presented, this is a resistance, this being typically achieved by serigraphy using ruthenium-based ink.
- the bridge 23, visible in FIGS. 4 and 5, has a length L'1 along the length L1 of the wafer 11, a width L'2 along the width L2 of the wafer 11 and a thickness e. It therefore has an area S equal to L'1 x L'2. Its section is also defined, for example L'2.
- the resistance R is changed simply by making vary the thickness e and the resistivity ⁇ .
- L'1 equals L'2.
- resistance R is ⁇ / e.
- the choice of lengths L'1 and L'2 allows to adjust two important values: an intensity of non-functioning I0 and an intensity of operation I1.
- Intensity I0 defines a threshold of intensity flowing in bridge 23, below which heating of the wafer 11 is not sufficient to initiate a firing of the initiator 1.
- the operating intensity I1 greater than the intensity I0 of non-operation, defines a threshold beyond which initiator 1 is systematically ignited. Between I0 and I1, the initiation initiation is not guaranteed.
- the intensities I0 and Il can be easily adjusted by playing on the surface S: the more the latter is small, the lower the values I0 and I1.
- the composition of bridge 23 is also involved in their determination.
- bridge 23 has a surface S square, and the lengths L'1 and L'2 are all two equal to 150 ⁇ m.
- the resistance R is typically around 2 ⁇ , at 0.15 ⁇ close.
- Contact resumption areas 21 in platinum-gold are also deposited at opposite ends of the plate 11 corresponding to the positioning pins 7.
- the pads 21 cover these ends over the entire width L2 of the insert 11. These deposits are made on both sides of the wafer 11, as well as on the edges 24 corresponding to the ends concerned.
- the beaches 21 facilitate soldering of pins 7, similarly so that for electronic components mounted in surface on printed circuits. Pins 7 are thus connected to the wafer 11 according to a widely proven welding process.
- the assembly comprising the plate 11, the bridge 23 resistive, the conductive tracks 22, and the contact pads 21 constitutes the microcomponent electronics 20.
- the architecture adopted is exactly the same.
- the wafer 11 is then formed of a semiconductor material deposited on a support made of ceramic material.
- a semiconductor bridge 23 is particularly advantageous because it allows a very high accuracy in triggering initiator 1. Indeed, it only becomes resistive from a fixed voltage level. When this level is reached, there is a cascade phenomenon starting with a heating of the bridge 23 going from associated with a decrease in its resistance and ending with the discharge of a plasma into the composition 4. A minimum duration of application of current is required to cause ignition.
- the inert sub-assemblies 18 and pyrotechnics 19 are assembled under pressure, a pressure of 500 bars for example exerted on the pyrotechnic composition 4. They are then connected by the weld 12, which maintains after release the pressure applied beforehand.
- the architecture is independent of the mode of realization of sub-assemblies 18 and 19. This simplifies the manufacture of the two types of initiator on the same site of the subsets 18, 19. This general configuration provides a very high precision of firing.
- the tightness of the operational initiator 1 is then checked before installation in a vehicle with a helium detector, to detect possible leaks from material saturated in helium stored in housing 6.
- bridge 23 is semiconductor, the operation is quite similar. An update initiator 1 fire is however caused from more abruptly when a current passing through pins 7 has an intensity exceeding a value of threshold associated with the semiconductor bridge 23 and that its duration of application is sufficient.
- the bridge 23 may consist of a thin layer as a thick layer. he can also have a surface S other than rectangular, and for example have a shape circular or polyhedral.
- the initiator according to the invention can be used in especially in vehicles to quickly put in action security mechanisms, such as airbags, locks and unlocking doors, or pretensioners seat belts.
- action security mechanisms such as airbags, locks and unlocking doors, or pretensioners seat belts.
- it is also suitable for any other device requiring a trigger fast and well mastered of a mechanism.
- it can be used in systems offensive or defensive military, and in fire protection systems or floods.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
Description
Claims (10)
- Initiateur électropyrotechnique (1) comprenant:deux broches électriques (7) d'amenée de courant insérées dans une embase (8),un pont (23) établissant une liaison électrique entre les deux broches (7),une composition pyrotechnique (4) stockée dans un récipient (2, 3),
caractérisé en ce que l'initiateur (1) comporte un logement (6) à l'intérieur du récipient (2, 3), ledit logement (6) comprenant un matériau saturé en hélium, permettant de détecter des fuites éventuelles, par aspiration. - Initiateur électropyrotechnique (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le récipient a des parois hermétiques, l'embase (8) est une traversée hermétique et la liaison entre l'embase (8) et les parois du récipient (2, 3) est aussi hermétique.
- Initiateur électropyrotechnique (1) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le récipient (2, 3) comprend un godet (3) isolant électriquement et un étui (2) métallique à parois hermétiques contenant ledit godet (3).
- Initiateur électropyrotechnique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un capuchon isolant (10) qui, avec le godet (3) constitue une cage électriquement isolante protégeant la composition pyrotechnique de toutes les agressions résultant en particulier des décharges d'électricité statique.
- Initiateur électropyrotechnique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le récipient (2, 3) a une zone (15, 16) fragilisée, de façon à ce qu'une mise à feu de la composition pyrotechnique (4) ait un effet privilégié au droit de ladite zone (15, 16).
- Initiateur électropyrotechnique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le pont (23) étant conducteur, il est constitué d'une couche résistive (23) d'épaisseur (e) constante.
- Initiateur électropyrotechnique (1) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la couche résistive a une surface (S) rectangulaire.
- Initiateur électropyrotechnique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications I à 5, caractérisé en ce que le pont (23) est semi-conducteur.
- Initiateur électropyrotechnique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que deux plages (21) de contact sont prévues à des extrémités opposées de la plaquette (11), lesdites plages (21) étant destinées à faciliter une brasure des broches (7).
- Système de sécurité pour véhicule comprenant au moins un initiateur électropyrotechnique (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, apte à activer un mécanisme de sécurité.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9503855A FR2732455B1 (fr) | 1995-03-31 | 1995-03-31 | Initiateur electropyrotechnique, procede de realisation d'un tel initiateur et systeme de securite pour vehicule |
FR9503855 | 1995-03-31 | ||
PCT/FR1996/000490 WO1996030714A1 (fr) | 1995-03-31 | 1996-04-01 | Initiateur electropyrotechnique, procede de realisation d'un tel initiateur et systeme de securite pour vehicule |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0830560A1 EP0830560A1 (fr) | 1998-03-25 |
EP0830560B1 true EP0830560B1 (fr) | 1999-06-30 |
Family
ID=9477651
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96911012A Expired - Lifetime EP0830560B1 (fr) | 1995-03-31 | 1996-04-01 | Initiateur pyrotechnique et systeme de securite pour vehicule comportant un tel initiateur |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5942717A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0830560B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3706632B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2217399C (fr) |
DE (2) | DE69603082T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2732455B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1996030714A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998025100A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-05 | 1998-06-11 | International Resistive Company, Inc. | Igniteur de substrat en ceramique avec pont en tantale nitrure |
US6096997A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 2000-08-01 | Trw Inc. | Method of assembling an igniter including infrared testing of heating element and welds |
DE19802432A1 (de) * | 1998-01-23 | 1999-08-26 | Diehl Stiftung & Co | Detonator |
FR2784176B1 (fr) * | 1998-10-06 | 2004-11-26 | Livbag Snc | Systeme d'initiation electro-pyrotechnique protege contre les decharges electrostatiques |
US6166452A (en) * | 1999-01-20 | 2000-12-26 | Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. | Igniter |
JP3175051B2 (ja) * | 1999-10-14 | 2001-06-11 | 昭和金属工業株式会社 | 電気発火式イニシエータ |
JP2001241896A (ja) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-09-07 | Scb Technologies Inc | チタン半導体ブリッジの点火装置 |
WO2002036525A2 (fr) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-10 | Special Devices, Inc. | Systeme d'amorçage pyrotechnique a amorces multiples |
US6508175B1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2003-01-21 | Special Devices, Inc. | Pyrotechnic initiator for use in high pressure environments |
DE10123285A1 (de) * | 2001-05-12 | 2002-11-14 | Conti Temic Microelectronic | Zündelement für pyrotechnische Wirkmassen auf einer Schaltungsträgeranordnung mit einer Zündelektronikbaugruppe |
DE10123282A1 (de) | 2001-05-12 | 2002-11-14 | Conti Temic Microelectronic | Pyrotechnische Zündeinrichtung mit integrierter Elektronikbaugruppe |
DE10123284A1 (de) | 2001-05-12 | 2002-11-14 | Conti Temic Microelectronic | Pyrotechnische Zündeinrichtung mit integrierter Elektronikbaugruppe |
FR2827377B1 (fr) * | 2001-07-13 | 2003-12-05 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Dispositif d'allumage pour microcharges pyrotechniques |
JP2004209342A (ja) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-29 | Takata Corp | イニシエータ及びガス発生器 |
JP2005069666A (ja) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-03-17 | Takata Corp | イニシエータ及びガス発生器 |
US20060267257A1 (en) | 2005-05-24 | 2006-11-30 | Bfs Diversified Products, Llc | Air spring assembly with non-threaded connection |
US7431336B2 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2008-10-07 | Tk Holdings Inc. | Airbag module with inflation control |
EP3051248B1 (fr) | 2008-10-24 | 2018-02-28 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Système de détonateur électronique |
US8281718B2 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-10-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Explosive foil initiator and method of making |
DE102012004966B3 (de) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-01-03 | A&O Technologie GmbH | Zündsockel für pyroelektrische Zündvorrichtungen |
RU191417U1 (ru) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-05 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт химии и механики" (ФГУП "ЦНИИХМ") | Газогенерирующий двухмостиковый пиропатрон |
RU201670U1 (ru) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-12-28 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт химии и механики" (ФГУП "ЦНИИХМ") | Газогенерирующий двухмостиковый пиропатрон |
RU201815U1 (ru) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-13 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственная компания "Рэлсиб" (ООО НПК "Рэлсиб") | Планарная структура инициирующего устройства |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1114035A (fr) * | 1954-11-10 | 1956-04-06 | Amorce électrique pour détonateurs | |
LU35542A1 (fr) * | 1957-10-29 | |||
US3334205A (en) * | 1966-06-23 | 1967-08-01 | Quantic Ind Inc | Micro-circuit bridge and method |
US3971320A (en) * | 1974-04-05 | 1976-07-27 | Ici United States Inc. | Electric initiator |
JPS5414509A (en) * | 1977-07-04 | 1979-02-02 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Electric detonator |
US4369708A (en) * | 1979-09-21 | 1983-01-25 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Delay blasting cap |
US5029463A (en) * | 1990-03-01 | 1991-07-09 | American Air Liquide | Leak detection device for in-line measurement of package integrity |
US5230287A (en) * | 1991-04-16 | 1993-07-27 | Thiokol Corporation | Low cost hermetically sealed squib |
US5452661A (en) * | 1992-06-15 | 1995-09-26 | Neff; George R. | Hermetically sealed devices for leak detection |
FR2698687B1 (fr) * | 1992-12-01 | 1995-02-03 | Giat Ind Sa | Initiateur pyrotechnique. |
DE4307774A1 (de) * | 1993-03-12 | 1994-09-15 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Anzündeinrichtung |
JP2700100B2 (ja) * | 1993-05-28 | 1998-01-19 | 日本工機株式会社 | イグナイター |
US5596163A (en) * | 1993-08-25 | 1997-01-21 | Ems-Patvag Ag | Gas generator igniting capsule |
US5648634A (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1997-07-15 | Quantic Industries, Inc. | Electrical initiator |
ZA948566B (en) * | 1993-11-18 | 1995-05-18 | Ici America Inc | Airbag igniter and method of manufacture |
-
1995
- 1995-03-31 FR FR9503855A patent/FR2732455B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-04-01 DE DE69603082T patent/DE69603082T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-04-01 US US08/930,515 patent/US5942717A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-04-01 EP EP96911012A patent/EP0830560B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-01 WO PCT/FR1996/000490 patent/WO1996030714A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1996-04-01 DE DE0830560T patent/DE830560T1/de active Pending
- 1996-04-01 JP JP52902996A patent/JP3706632B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-04-01 CA CA002217399A patent/CA2217399C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1996030714A1 (fr) | 1996-10-03 |
US5942717A (en) | 1999-08-24 |
JPH11502919A (ja) | 1999-03-09 |
EP0830560A1 (fr) | 1998-03-25 |
CA2217399C (fr) | 2006-07-11 |
DE69603082D1 (de) | 1999-08-05 |
CA2217399A1 (fr) | 1996-10-03 |
FR2732455A1 (fr) | 1996-10-04 |
FR2732455B1 (fr) | 1997-06-13 |
DE69603082T2 (de) | 1999-11-18 |
JP3706632B2 (ja) | 2005-10-12 |
DE830560T1 (de) | 1998-07-16 |
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