EP0828561B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum mahlen von getreide - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum mahlen von getreide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0828561B1
EP0828561B1 EP96916416A EP96916416A EP0828561B1 EP 0828561 B1 EP0828561 B1 EP 0828561B1 EP 96916416 A EP96916416 A EP 96916416A EP 96916416 A EP96916416 A EP 96916416A EP 0828561 B1 EP0828561 B1 EP 0828561B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flour
speed
mill
grains
rolls
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96916416A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0828561A1 (de
Inventor
Bo LÖFQVIST
Thomas HÖHNDORF
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
United Milling Systems AS
Original Assignee
United Milling Systems AS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0828561A1 publication Critical patent/EP0828561A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
    • B02C7/18—Disc mills specially adapted for grain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B3/00—Hulling; Husking; Decorticating; Polishing; Removing the awns; Degerming
    • B02B3/04—Hulling; Husking; Decorticating; Polishing; Removing the awns; Degerming by means of rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C11/00—Other auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for grain mills

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for treating grains, preferably as a first step of a milling process.
  • milling grain mostly is to comminute the grains in mills with a view to obtain the highest possible flour yield and high quality after completion of a large number of milling steps with intermediate sifting steps, a sifting step by definition forming the end of the preceding milling step.
  • low-speed and high-speed are known, examples of low-speed mills being roller mills and of high-speed mills disc mills, pin mills, turbo mills, detacheurs, hammer mills.
  • low-speed and high-speed should be understood low ( ⁇ about 20 m/s) and high (> about 20 m/s), respectively, absolute velocity of the movable grinding components and low (normally ⁇ 5 m/s) and high, respectively, differential speed between the mill grinding components.
  • Disc mills are faster and operate more efficiently with respect to flour yield than do roller mills (based on the results from one milling pass or step).
  • the flour yield discussed in the above comparison is approximately the same also in the case of lighter or darker flour, due to the fact that the hull or bran fraction that can no longer be separated from the flour following for instance a disc mill pass, is but a very small, hardly measurable part by weight compared with the part by weight of the flour fraction; the presence of the hull or bran fraction manifests itself mainly as a discolouring of the flour.
  • WO 92/10296 discloses an apparatus and a method for proceesing wheat, by substantially removing the bran layer from the endosperm and grinding the resulting wheat product.
  • a pair of smooth faced compression rolls are disclosed for feeding a pair of braking rolls. The output of these rolls are directed to a pair of grinding rolls.
  • DE-3320045A1 discloses a method and an apparatus for comminuting grains, having two oppositely rotated profiled rolls as feed-in device to a mill, which profiled rolls pre-comminute the grains.
  • the purpose of the subject invention is to provide a method and device of treating grain, preferably in the form of an initial grain-treatment step of a milling process of a kind that radically reduces the above-outlined disadvantages, i.e. one that produces a flour fraction from a high-speed mill/pass or step that contains smaller amounts of hull or bran - and thus is of lighter shade - than the flour fraction from an identical high-speed mill/pass/ step than has hitherto been possible, while at the same time ensuring that the hull (bran) fraction from an identical high-speed mill/pass/step contains lesser amounts of residual flour than the hull fraction from an identical high-speed mill/pass/step than previously.
  • the aimed-at effect on the grain treatment is achieved in accordance with the invention by so squeezing or pressing the grains, that while being squeezed the grains will be neither polished, nor shredded or cut into fragments in the same manner as occurs when it is passed e.g. between corrugated rolls or other rolls in roller mills or stone mills, i.e. in a manner producing grain particles comprising fragments of hull as well as adhering flour body (endosperm) fragments.
  • the shearing forces on the grains as they are being supplied to the high-speed mill are the smallest possible.
  • the substantial elimination of the shearing forces is produced in accordance with the invention by means producing almost exclusively press forces. In accordance with the invention, these forces are exerted at such a low speed that the above aimed-for results are achieved. These results also lead to a flaked or flattened condition of the grains.
  • Examples of means for achievement of this condition are rammers, smooth-surfaced rotating rolls that are rotated at a differential speed close to zero and through the nip cf which the grain is allowed to pass, and endless belt conveyors the belts of which travel around grain-flaking rolls. Vibration, through mechanical or ultrasonic means, of the grains is a further alternative.
  • the grain should be tempered before passing through the first treatment step of the milling process.
  • the expert has already at his disposal knowledge of how to achieve maximum toughness in the hull and maximum fragility in the flour body in a tempering process, carried out in one or several steps.
  • flattened condition should in this context be understood that the grains are flattened or crushed but still are essentially coherent, i.e. not shredded or divided. More precisely, they are coherent because the flour body (the endosperm) is essentially coherent, partly owing to the grain hull, having crackled in the flattening operation, being more or less coherent.
  • the surprising effect obtained by means of the invention may be due to the fact that the flattened grains produced by the feed-in device, consisting for instance of a pair of smooth-surfaced rolls rotating at a differential speed of approximately zero, absorb the impact from the operative tools of the rapid mill as non-resilient bodies, a theory that the applicants put forward without however wishing to restrict themselves to.
  • the smooth-surfaced rolls of the high-speed mill rotating counter one another essentially without any differential speed between the rolls, feed the flattened grains directly into the high speed mill. It has been found that the feed-in results in a predominantly coarse fraction of flattened grains wherein the hull and the flour body (endosperm) adhere to one another, i.e. there is hardly any separation of the hulls from the endosperm, which surprisingly produces respectively a higher yield of a whiter flour fraction and a higher yield of a purer hull (bran) fraction issuing from the high-speed mill than up to date.
  • this prior-art treatment comprises one or several milling steps/passes and is inserted as a milling step for treatment of a practically pure (i.e. dehulled) grain or grit fraction, in which the smooth-surfaced rolls are rotated at a differential speed that is substantially different from zero (approximately 1.5:1), i.e. employing shearing forces for direct extraction of flour.
  • the expert may set the roller nip to achieve the above-defined flattened condition without this requiring inventive activity.
  • the drawing illustrates a disc mill 1 in accordance with applicant's Swedish Published Specification No. 8403125-1 (442,826), having an outlet 3, grinding discs 4, 5 one of which may be stationary whereas the other one is rotated by means of a drive shaft 6. Further, the disc mill has a feed-in conduit 7 for supply of grain, a milling chamber 8, corrugated sections 10 formed on the grinding discs 4, 5 and a housing 11.
  • a pair of smooth-surfaced flaking rolls 12 are provided in the feed-in conduit 7, which rolls are rotated at the same speed by means of a motor, not shown.
  • the pair of rolls 12 serves as a feed-in device supplying material into the disc mill, the product issuing from the feed-in device being of the nature defined in the aforegoing.
  • white flour fractions of wheat
  • ash contents of 0.55-0.70 % and hull fractions that were almost entirely free of flour and grits.
  • an identical starting product which was supplied directly to a disc mill of the kind described above but devoid of the feed-in device equipped with smooth-surfaced flaking rolls, a flour fraction having ash contents of between 0.70 and 0.85 % was obtained.
  • This grinder too is equipped with a feed-in device equipped with a pair of smooth rolls.
  • Milling equipment Ash contents % Disc mill 0.82 0.78 0.73 Disc mill with feed-in according to the invention 0.69 0.61 0.58 Fine Grinder 0.85 0.92 Fine Grinder with feed-in according to the invention 0.76 0.81
  • the invention is not limited to use for grinding purposes in a first step of a milling process but could likewise be applied to grinding in later stages of a milling process.
  • the starting material need not be whole grains or grains still in possession of their original hull, even when the invention is applied in a first step of a milling process.
  • the starting material could be partly dehulled whole grains or cut-up grains.
  • the invention is not intended to be applied for the sole purpose of simultaneously obtaining pure flour and pure bran but also for the purpose of obtaining either pure bran or pure flour.
  • a pin mill equipped with the feed-in device specified in the aforegoing does not produce pure bran but pure flour, "pure" meaning higher purity than the purity results obtained without the feed-in device in accordance with the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Verfahren zur Behandlung von Getreide, wobei das Verfahren vorzugsweise einen ersten Schritt eines Mahlprozesses bildet, den Einsatz einer beispielsweise durch eine Scheibenmühle gebildeten Hochgeschwindigkeitsmühle umfaßt und dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß das Getreide oder Teile davon vor der Aufgabe in die Hochgeschwindigkeitsmühle im wesentlichen nur Druckkräften ausgesetzt werden, wodurch die Hülsen des Getreides bzw. der Getreideteile nur in begrenztem Umfang zerspringen, während der Mehlkörper weitgehend zerspringt.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckkräfte bei der Aufgabe ausgeübt werden.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckkräfte mit Hilfe eines Paars von Rollen mit glatten Oberflächen ausgeübt werden, die mit einer im wesentlichen null betragenden Umfangsdifferentialgeschwindigkeit rotieren.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das Verfahren zur Gewinnung einer reinen Kleiefraktion eingesetzt wird.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer reinen Mehlfraktion eingesetzt wird.
  6. Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Getreide, wobei die Behandlung vorzugsweise einen ersten Schritt in einem Mahlverfahren bildet und die Vorrichtung eine beispielsweise durch eine Scheibenmühle gebildete Hochgeschwindigkeitsmühle umfaßt und dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Hochgeschwindigkeitsmühle (1) mit einer Aufgabevorrichtung (12) ausgestattet ist, die im wesentlichen nur Druckkräfte auf das Getreide oder Teile des Getreides ausübt, wodurch die Hülsen des Getreides bzw. der Getreideteile in einem begrenzten Umfang zerspringen, während der Mehlkörper weitgehend zerspringt.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufgabevorrichtung aus einem Paar Rollen mit glatten Oberflächen und einem Antriebssystem zur Rotation der Rollen mit einer Umfangsdifferentialgeschwindigkeit von im wesentlichen null besteht.
EP96916416A 1995-05-26 1996-05-24 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum mahlen von getreide Expired - Lifetime EP0828561B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9501950A SE506792C2 (sv) 1995-05-26 1995-05-26 Förfarande och anordning för bearbetning av spannmål
SE9501950 1995-05-26
PCT/SE1996/000683 WO1996037305A1 (en) 1995-05-26 1996-05-24 Method and device for milling grain

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0828561A1 EP0828561A1 (de) 1998-03-18
EP0828561B1 true EP0828561B1 (de) 2001-11-21

Family

ID=20398434

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96916416A Expired - Lifetime EP0828561B1 (de) 1995-05-26 1996-05-24 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum mahlen von getreide

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0828561B1 (de)
AU (1) AU5916796A (de)
CZ (1) CZ372697A3 (de)
DE (1) DE69617227T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2163632T3 (de)
PL (1) PL323462A1 (de)
SE (1) SE506792C2 (de)
TR (1) TR199701402T1 (de)
WO (1) WO1996037305A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3320045A1 (de) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-06 Wilhelm 4408 Dülmen Kemming Verfahren zum zerkleinern von mais, ccm oder feuchtgetreide und maschinen zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US5114079A (en) * 1990-12-10 1992-05-19 Kansas State University Research Foundation Simplified method and apparatus for producing white flour from wheat grain

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0828561A1 (de) 1998-03-18
TR199701402T1 (xx) 1998-02-21
WO1996037305A1 (en) 1996-11-28
SE9501950L (sv) 1996-11-27
DE69617227D1 (de) 2002-01-03
CZ372697A3 (cs) 1998-03-18
DE69617227T2 (de) 2002-05-08
SE9501950D0 (sv) 1995-05-26
ES2163632T3 (es) 2002-02-01
AU5916796A (en) 1996-12-11
PL323462A1 (en) 1998-03-30
SE506792C2 (sv) 1998-02-09

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