EP0826450B1 - Process for forming to final size of a recess - Google Patents

Process for forming to final size of a recess Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0826450B1
EP0826450B1 EP97114049A EP97114049A EP0826450B1 EP 0826450 B1 EP0826450 B1 EP 0826450B1 EP 97114049 A EP97114049 A EP 97114049A EP 97114049 A EP97114049 A EP 97114049A EP 0826450 B1 EP0826450 B1 EP 0826450B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
calibration
die
shock absorber
sintered component
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP97114049A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0826450A1 (en
Inventor
Ewald May
Antonio Casellas
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GKN Sinter Metals GmbH
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GKN Sinter Metals GmbH
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Publication of EP0826450A1 publication Critical patent/EP0826450A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
    • B22F3/164—Partial deformation or calibration
    • B22F2003/166—Surface calibration, blasting, burnishing, sizing, coining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y10T29/49252—Multi-element piston making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y10T29/49265—Ring groove forming or finishing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49861—Sizing mating parts during final positional association
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49945—Assembling or joining by driven force fit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for calibrating a essentially disc-shaped sintered component, the two opposite large areas and one the two Has peripheral surfaces connecting large areas, wherein in the peripheral surface, which is a continuous and / or polygonal contour has at least one forming an undercut Recess is arranged.
  • the goal of this manufacturing technique is to make molded articles metallic materials that are manufactured in large quantities be avoided, if possible, at least under Minimization of complex machining processes. Procedures used to do this are at room or Pressing processes carried out at elevated temperature, die casting processes, Investment casting and powder metallurgical Sintering process.
  • powders are in appropriately shaped dies with stamps that profiled can be, optionally using Thorns, if necessary with the application of temperature, to shaped bodies pressed and then sintered (S-2.B. FR-A-1 490 434). Is problematic with this manufacturing process, however, the formation of undercuts on and in the moldings produced. In these cases, combinations of powder metallurgy are often used Process and machining shaping back.
  • shock absorber pistons Such a combination of methods is used in the manufacture disc-shaped sintered components, in particular shock absorber pistons, used. It was common until now, the shock absorber piston, that of at least one or more of the same or unequal parts, so that a circumferential ring groove through machining manufacturing processes was introduced. In the case of pressing the Grünlings preformed ring groove had to do this after sintering can be brought to their final dimensions by machining processes. This is time consuming and costly.
  • the invention has for its object the above to avoid disadvantages and the procedure for To simplify the manufacture of such parts.
  • the sintered component is placed in a calibration matrix and at least one upper and one lower die and at least one engaging in the recess Calibration slide is set and then a Press pressure applied to the die and thereby the Recess through at least partial deformation to the final dimension is calibrated.
  • a method has the advantage that the process step of machining or machining of a recess is avoided and thus one procedural step is saved. Thereby processing time and costs of sintered components, in particular shock absorber pistons.
  • shock absorber piston it is not necessary is a recess, for example an annular groove a shock absorber piston to be machined or reworked.
  • a shock absorber piston it is possible to calibrate the ring groove without this or deform the passage channels so that the function of the Shock absorber piston is no longer guaranteed.
  • Partial deformation of the annular groove can, for example, thereby achieved that the annular groove of the sintered shock absorber piston based on the final dimension to be achieved in your Diameter an undersize and / or their groove width an oversize having.
  • Significance is when applying the method to one Shock absorber pistons in particular the dimensional accuracy of the width of the ring groove and the accuracy of the parallelism of the ring groove flanks to each other.
  • a calibration mandrel is inserted into the hole becomes.
  • the recess preferably a hole for receiving the piston rod at one Shock absorber piston in the same process step on it Gauge block is calibrated.
  • the stamp prevents through the calibration mandrel Deformations of the axial recess due to the pressure the stamp prevents.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is one formed from at least two sub-elements Component provided that the sub-elements in a first joining operation are added, then into the calibration matrix be inserted, and that before applying the Pressing the sub-elements by applying a form be finally joined and then the pressure applied becomes.
  • This method proves to be advantageous in that the at least two of the same or different Sintered component composed of partial elements the first pre-operation as a unit in the calibration matrix can be inserted and thereby handling problems be avoided.
  • At least one partial element before the application of the pressing pressure is set via the calibration slide.
  • the sub-elements by applying a form at least one form stamp and / or on at least one parallel stamps are added to the form stamp.
  • the Applying a form here can especially for the final joining of the sub-elements can be used.
  • the sintered component is stretched and the to Calibrate the necessary pressure via at least one of the Form stamp and / or at least one of the form stamp parallel stamp is applied.
  • the sintered component is stretched and the to Calibrate the necessary pressure via at least one of the Form stamp and / or at least one of the form stamp parallel stamp is applied, the parallel Stamp on the outer edge area of the sintered component presses.
  • the edge area of the shock absorber piston i.e. the annular groove limiting area, presses so that by a matched Pressure distribution the ring groove is calibrated without that there are undesirable deformations in the border area between Ring groove and the rest of the disc body comes.
  • the die and the parallel stamp with the same pressure press on the component.
  • the form stamp but also with less or greater pressure than that Press parallel stamp on the component and thereby one achieve targeted local deformation.
  • Fig. 1 shows a shock absorber piston 1, which consists of a lower Shock absorber piston part 2 and an upper shock absorber piston part 3 exists.
  • a shock absorber piston 1 which consists of a lower Shock absorber piston part 2 and an upper shock absorber piston part 3 exists.
  • a cylindrical bore 4 In the middle of the shock absorber piston 1 there is a cylindrical bore 4. Also points the shock absorber piston 1 through channels 6, which him in enforce essentially in the axial direction.
  • the one on the Circumferential surface of the shock absorber piston 1 arranged annular groove 5 is due to the undercut of the shock absorber piston parts 2 and 3 formed and must be made to their final dimensions become.
  • Fig. 2 shows a three-part shock absorber piston 1, which a center sleeve 7, and a same upper 8 and lower Shock absorber piston part 9.
  • the on the peripheral surface the shock absorber piston 1 arranged annular groove 5 is by the undercut of the shock absorber piston parts 8 and 9 is formed and must also be made to measure.
  • Fig. 3 shows a two-part shock absorber piston 1, based on which is the precise final production by calibrating the Ring groove 5 in FIGS. 4.1 to 6.2 is explained below.
  • This shock absorber piston 1 consists of two different shock absorber piston parts, namely the upper shock piston part 10 and the lower shock piston part 11. Furthermore the shock absorber piston 1 through channels 6 and an annular groove 5 on its peripheral surface, the annular groove 5 mainly in shape through the lower shock piston part 11 is formed and the upper shock piston part 10 forms the lateral boundary of the annular groove 5.
  • the shock absorber piston 1 which consists of the upper 10 and lower shock absorber piston part 11 exists, can be added. This can be done manually or for example also by means of an automatic joining device be performed.
  • the pre-assembled shock absorber piston 1 is then inserted into a calibration matrix 12, which is limited by a lower die 17.
  • the lower die 17 is an upper die 18 with assigned a sleeve-like stamp 14.
  • the shock absorber piston 1 is by means of a pre-pressure of the leading Stamp 14 added to the piston shirt 15.
  • the joining the shock absorber piston 1 can also by means of the leading sleeve-like stamp 14 and / or by means of the upper Form stamp 18 are performed.
  • the upper form stamp 18, the leading, rifle-like stamp 14 and the lower one Form stamps 17 correspond to the surface of the upper one 19 and lower shock absorber piston part 16 profiled.
  • the calibration slide 20 correspond in its outer, engaging in the annular groove 5 Dimensions the desired production dimension of the ring groove.
  • the calibration allowance provided on the sintered component from approx. 1 to 10% in height due to plastic deformation reduced, so that in particular the annular groove 5 the desired Receives final dimensions.
  • the inner stamp 18 mainly delivers all other dimensions. It is of particular importance that the Ring groove width is calibrated to dimension a and the upper one 21 and lower 22 ring groove flank after calibration in parallel are to each other and the gauge block for the ring groove diameter b is reached.
  • the sintered and joined Shock absorber piston 1 slightly the groove width larger and the ring groove diameter designed slightly smaller are.
  • the calibration slide 20 By pressing on the die Shock absorber piston 1, in its annular groove 5, the calibration slide 20 intervene, the annular groove width is due to partial deformations a and the ring groove diameter b brought to the final dimension and the parallelism of the ring groove flanks 21, 22 ensures.
  • 6.1 and 6.2 show the demolding step. For this the calibration slide 20 from the calibrated ring groove 5 removed and the shock absorber piston 1 through the lower Stamp 17 ejected from the die 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Kalibrierung eines im wesentlichen scheibenförmigen Sinterbauteils, das zwei einander gegenüberliegende Großflächen und eine die beiden Großflächen verbindende Umfangsfläche aufweist, wobei in der Umfangsfläche, die eine stetige und/oder polygonale Kontur aufweist, wenigstens eine, eine Hinterschneidung bildende Ausnehmung angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a method for calibrating a essentially disc-shaped sintered component, the two opposite large areas and one the two Has peripheral surfaces connecting large areas, wherein in the peripheral surface, which is a continuous and / or polygonal contour has at least one forming an undercut Recess is arranged.

Das Ziel dieser Fertigungstechnik ist es, Formkörper aus metallischen Werkstoffen, die in großen Stückzahlen hergestellt werden, möglichst unter Vermeidung, zumindest unter Minimierung aufwendiger spanabhebender Verfahren zu fertigen. Verfahren, die dazu angewendet werden, sind bei Raumoder erhöhter Temperatur ausgeführte Preßverfahren, Druckgußverfahren, Feingußverfahren und pulvermetallurgische Sinterverfahren.The goal of this manufacturing technique is to make molded articles metallic materials that are manufactured in large quantities be avoided, if possible, at least under Minimization of complex machining processes. Procedures used to do this are at room or Pressing processes carried out at elevated temperature, die casting processes, Investment casting and powder metallurgical Sintering process.

Bei der pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung werden Pulver in entsprechend geformten Matrizen mit Stempeln, die profiliert sein können, gegebenenfalls unter Verwendung von Dornen, falls nötig unter Temperaturanwendung, zu Formkörpern gepreßt und danach gesintert (S- 2.B. FR-A-1 490 434). Problematisch ist bei diesem Herstellungsverfahren jedoch die Ausbildung von Hinterschneidungen an und in den produzierten Formkörpern. In diesen Fällen greift man häufig auf Kombinationen des pulvermetallurgischen Verfahrens und spanabhebende Formgebung zurück.In powder metallurgical production, powders are in appropriately shaped dies with stamps that profiled can be, optionally using Thorns, if necessary with the application of temperature, to shaped bodies pressed and then sintered (S-2.B. FR-A-1 490 434). Is problematic with this manufacturing process, however, the formation of undercuts on and in the moldings produced. In In these cases, combinations of powder metallurgy are often used Process and machining shaping back.

Eine solche Kombination der Verfahren wird bei der Herstellung scheibenförmiger Sinterbauteile, insbesondere Stoßdämpferkolben, eingesetzt. Es war bisher üblich, den Stoßdämpferkolben, der aus wenigstens einem oder mehreren gleichen oder ungleichen Teilen besteht, so zu fertigen, daß eine umlaufende Ringnut durch spanabhebende Fertigungsverfahren eingebracht wurde. Im Falle einer beim Pressen des Grünlings vorgeformten Ringnut mußte diese nach dem Sintern durch spanabhebende Verfahren auf ihr Endmaß gebracht werden. Dies ist zeit- und kostenaufwendig.Such a combination of methods is used in the manufacture disc-shaped sintered components, in particular shock absorber pistons, used. It was common until now, the shock absorber piston, that of at least one or more of the same or unequal parts, so that a circumferential ring groove through machining manufacturing processes was introduced. In the case of pressing the Grünlings preformed ring groove had to do this after sintering can be brought to their final dimensions by machining processes. This is time consuming and costly.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die vorstehend dargelegten Nachteile zu vermeiden und das Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Teile zu vereinfachen.The invention has for its object the above to avoid disadvantages and the procedure for To simplify the manufacture of such parts.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß das gesinterte Bauteil in eine Kalibriermatrize eingelegt und über wenigstens einen oberen und einen unteren Formstempel und wenigstens einen in die Ausnehmung eingreifenden Kalibrierschieber festgelegt wird und daß anschließend ein Preßdruck auf die Formstempel aufgebracht und dadurch die Ausnehmung durch zumindest eine Teilverformung auf das Endmaß kalibriert wird. Ein derartiges Verfahren hat den Vorteil, daß der Verfahrensschritt der spanenden Herstellung bzw. spanenden Nachbearbeitung einer Ausnehmung vermieden und somit ein Verfahrensschritt eingespart wird. Dadurch können Bearbeitungszeit und Kosten von Sinterbauteilen, insbesondere Stoßdämpferkolben, gesenkt werden.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the sintered component is placed in a calibration matrix and at least one upper and one lower die and at least one engaging in the recess Calibration slide is set and then a Press pressure applied to the die and thereby the Recess through at least partial deformation to the final dimension is calibrated. Such a method has the advantage that the process step of machining or machining of a recess is avoided and thus one procedural step is saved. Thereby processing time and costs of sintered components, in particular shock absorber pistons.

Es hat sich überraschend herausgestellt, daß es nicht notwendig ist, eine Ausnehmung, beispielsweise eine Ringnut eines Stoßdämpferkolbens, spanend herzustellen oder nachzubearbeiten. Trotz der in dem Stoßdämpferkolben angeordneten Durchtrittskanäle, die die Gestaltfestigkeit des Stoßdämpferkolbens gegenüber einem Vollkörper mindern, ist es möglich, die Ringnut zu kalibrieren, ohne daß sich diese oder die Durchtrittskanäle so verformen, daß die Funktion des Stoßdämpferkolbens nicht mehr gewährleistet ist. It has surprisingly turned out that it is not necessary is a recess, for example an annular groove a shock absorber piston to be machined or reworked. Despite the arranged in the shock absorber piston Through channels, which the structural strength of the shock absorber piston compared to a full body, it is possible to calibrate the ring groove without this or deform the passage channels so that the function of the Shock absorber piston is no longer guaranteed.

Eine Teilverformung der Ringnut kann beispielsweise dadurch erreicht werden, daß die Ringnut des gesinterten Stoßdämpferkolbens bezogen auf das zu erreichende Endmaß in ihrem Durchmesser ein Untermaß und/oder ihrer Nutbreite ein Ubermaß aufweist. Dadurch besteht zwischen der Ringnut und dem in sie eingreifenden Kalibrierschieber ein geringes Spiel. Durch das Aufbringen des Preßdrucks auf die Formstempel wird das Spiel durch eine Teilverformung des Stoßdämpferkolbens geschlossen und dadurch die Ringnut auf das durch den Kalibrierschieber vorgegebene Maß kalibriert. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist bei der Anwendung des Verfahrens auf einen Stoßdämpferkolben insbesondere die Maßgenauigkeit der Breite der Ringnut und die Genauigkeit der Parallelität der Ringnutflanken zueinander.Partial deformation of the annular groove can, for example, thereby achieved that the annular groove of the sintered shock absorber piston based on the final dimension to be achieved in your Diameter an undersize and / or their groove width an oversize having. As a result, there is between the ring groove and the there is little play in the calibration slide engaging them. By applying the pressure to the die the game due to a partial deformation of the shock absorber piston closed and thereby the ring groove on the through the calibration slide given dimension calibrated. Of special Significance is when applying the method to one Shock absorber pistons in particular the dimensional accuracy of the width of the ring groove and the accuracy of the parallelism of the ring groove flanks to each other.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß bei einem mit einer axialen Ausnehmung versehenen gesinterten Bauteil nach dem Einlegen in die Kalibriermatrize ein Kalibrierdorn in die Bohrung eingeführt wird. Vorteilhaft ist hierbei, daß die Ausnehmung, vorzugsweise eine Bohrung zur Aufnahme der Kolbenstange bei einem Stoßdämpferkolben in demselben Verfahrensschritt auf ihr Endmaß kalibriert wird. Außerdem werden durch den Kalibrierdorn Verformungen der axialen Ausnehmung infolge des Preßdrucks der Formstempel verhindert.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provided that provided with an axial recess sintered component after insertion into the calibration matrix a calibration mandrel is inserted into the hole becomes. It is advantageous here that the recess, preferably a hole for receiving the piston rod at one Shock absorber piston in the same process step on it Gauge block is calibrated. In addition, through the calibration mandrel Deformations of the axial recess due to the pressure the stamp prevents.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist bei einem aus wenigstens zwei Teilelementen gebildeten Bauteil vorgesehen, daß die Teilelemente in einer ersten Fügeoperation vorgefügt werden, anschließend in die Kalibriermatrize eingelegt werden, und daß vor dem Aufbringen des Preßdrucks die Teilelemente durch Aufbringen eines Vordrucks endgültig gefügt werden und anschließend der Preßdruck aufgebracht wird. Vorteilhaft erweist sich dieses Verfahren dahingehend, daß das aus wenigstens zwei gleichen oder ungleichen Teilelementen zusammengesetzte Sinterbauteil durch die erste Vorfügeoperation als Einheit in die Kalibriermatrize eingelegt werden kann und dadurch Handhabungsprobleme vermieden werden. Durch das Aufbringen eines Vordrucks werden die Teilelemente endgültig gefügt, so daß die Teilelemente in ihre endgültige Zuordnung zueinander gebracht sind und das Bauteil mit seiner unteren Seite auf dem unteren Formstempel aufliegt. Nachdem das Sinterbauteil in dieser definierten Position liegt, ist die Ausnehmung so ausgerichtet, daß der Kalibrierschieber in diese eingreifen kann, ohne daß die Umfangsfläche des Sinterbauteils aufgrund ungenauer Positionierung in der Kalibriermatrize durch den Kalibrierschieber beschädigt wird.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is one formed from at least two sub-elements Component provided that the sub-elements in a first joining operation are added, then into the calibration matrix be inserted, and that before applying the Pressing the sub-elements by applying a form be finally joined and then the pressure applied becomes. This method proves to be advantageous in that the at least two of the same or different Sintered component composed of partial elements the first pre-operation as a unit in the calibration matrix can be inserted and thereby handling problems be avoided. By applying a form the sub-elements finally joined so that the sub-elements are brought into their final assignment to each other and the component with its lower side on the lower Form stamp rests. After the sintered component in this defined position, the recess is aligned so that the calibration slide can engage in them, without the peripheral surface of the sintered component being inaccurate Positioning in the calibration matrix by the Calibration slide is damaged.

In zweckmäßiger Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß vor dem Aufbringen des Preßdrucks wenigstens ein Teilelement über den Kalibrierschieber festgelegt wird.In an expedient embodiment of the invention, that at least one partial element before the application of the pressing pressure is set via the calibration slide.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Teilelemente durch Aufbringen eines Vordrucks auf wenigstens einen Formstempel und/oder auf wenigstens einen zu dem Formstempel parallelen Stempel gefügt werden. Das Aufbringen eines Vordrucks kann hierbei vor allem für die endgültige Fügung der Teilelemente genutzt werden.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, that the sub-elements by applying a form at least one form stamp and / or on at least one parallel stamps are added to the form stamp. The Applying a form here can especially for the final joining of the sub-elements can be used.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß über die Formstempel und/oder den parallelen Stempel das Sinterbauteil gespannt wird und der zum Kalibrieren notwendige Preßdruck über wenigstens einen der Formstempel und/oder wenigstens einen der zum Formstempel parallelen Stempel aufgebracht wird. Durch eine mehrteilige Ausbildung des Formstempels ist es möglich, an unterschiedlichen Stellen des Sinterbauteils gezielt einen vorgebbaren, abgestimmten Preßdruck aufzubringen und dadurch die Bauteileigenschaften des Sinterbauteils, wie beispielsweise Formund Lagetoleranzen, gezielt zu berücksichtigen. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provided that about the form stamp and / or the parallel Stamp the sintered component is stretched and the to Calibrate the necessary pressure via at least one of the Form stamp and / or at least one of the form stamp parallel stamp is applied. Through a multi-part Forming the die is possible on different Place the sintered component specifically a predefinable, to apply coordinated pressure and thereby the component properties of the sintered component, such as form and Positional tolerances, to be taken into account in a targeted manner.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß über die Formstempel und/oder den parallelen Stempel das Sinterbauteil gespannt wird und der zum Kalibrieren notwendige Preßdruck über wenigstens einen der Formstempel und/oder wenigstens einen der zum Formstempel parallelen Stempel aufgebracht wird, wobei der parallele Stempel auf den äußeren Randbereich des Sinterbauteils drückt. Insbesondere zur Kalibrierung der Ringnut eines Stoßdämpferkolbens ist es vorteilhaft, wenn wenigstens ein zu einem Formstempel paralleler büchsenartiger Stempel auf den Randbereich des Stoßdämpferkolbens, d.h., den die Ringnut begrenzenden Bereich, drückt, so daß durch eine abgestimmte Druckverteilung die Ringnut kalibriert wird, ohne daß es zu unerwünschten Verformungen im Grenzbereich zwischen Ringnut und dem übrigen Scheibenkörper kommt. Es ist je nach Form des Sinterbauteils möglich, daß der Formstempel und der parallele Stempel mit dem gleichen Preßdruck auf das Bauteil drücken. Andererseits kann der Formstempel aber auch mit einem geringeren oder größeren Druck als der parallele Stempel auf das Bauteil drücken und dadurch eine gezielte lokale Verformung erreichen.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provided that about the form stamp and / or the parallel Stamp the sintered component is stretched and the to Calibrate the necessary pressure via at least one of the Form stamp and / or at least one of the form stamp parallel stamp is applied, the parallel Stamp on the outer edge area of the sintered component presses. In particular for the calibration of the ring groove of a Shock absorber piston, it is advantageous if at least one to a form stamp parallel to bush-like stamp the edge area of the shock absorber piston, i.e. the annular groove limiting area, presses so that by a matched Pressure distribution the ring groove is calibrated without that there are undesirable deformations in the border area between Ring groove and the rest of the disc body comes. It is Depending on the shape of the sintered component, it is possible that the die and the parallel stamp with the same pressure press on the component. On the other hand, the form stamp but also with less or greater pressure than that Press parallel stamp on the component and thereby one achieve targeted local deformation.

Die Erfindung wird anhand schematischer Zeichnungen von Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Schnitt durch einen zweiteiligen Stoßdämpferkolben, der aus zwei ungleichen Teilen besteht (erste Ausführungsform),
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt durch einen dreiteiligen Stoßdämpferkolben, der aus zwei gleichen Teilen sowie einer Mittelbüchse besteht (zweite Ausführungsform),
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch einen zweiteiligen Stoßdämpferkolben, der aus zwei ungleichen Teilen besteht (dritte Ausführungsform).
Fig. 4. 1 bis Fig. 6.2
eine Kalibriervorrichtung jeweils im Verti-kal- und Horizontalschnitt in verschiedenen Arbeitsstellungen zur Kalibrierung der Ringnut eines Stoßdämpferkolbens gemäß Fig. 3
The invention is explained using schematic drawings of exemplary embodiments. Show it:
Fig. 1
a section through a two-part shock absorber piston, which consists of two different parts (first embodiment),
Fig. 2
a section through a three-part shock absorber piston, which consists of two equal parts and a center sleeve (second embodiment),
Fig. 3
a section through a two-part shock absorber piston, which consists of two different parts (third embodiment).
Fig. 4.1 to Fig. 6.2
a calibration device in each case in the vertical and horizontal section in different working positions for calibration of the annular groove of a shock absorber piston according to FIG. 3

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Stoßdämpferkolben 1, der aus einem unteren Stoßdämpferkolbenteil 2 und einem oberen Stoßdämpferkolbenteil 3 besteht. In der Mitte des Stoßdämpferkolbens 1 befindet sich eine zylindrische Bohrung 4. Weiterhin weist der Stoßdämpferkolben 1 Durchtrittskanäle 6 auf, die ihn im wesentlichen in axialer Richtung durchsetzen. Die auf der Umfangsfläche des Stoßdämpferkolbens 1 angeordnete Ringnut 5 wird durch die Hinterschneidung der Stoßdämpferkolbenteile 2 und 3 gebildet und muß maßgenau auf ihr Endmaß hergestellt werden.Fig. 1 shows a shock absorber piston 1, which consists of a lower Shock absorber piston part 2 and an upper shock absorber piston part 3 exists. In the middle of the shock absorber piston 1 there is a cylindrical bore 4. Also points the shock absorber piston 1 through channels 6, which him in enforce essentially in the axial direction. The one on the Circumferential surface of the shock absorber piston 1 arranged annular groove 5 is due to the undercut of the shock absorber piston parts 2 and 3 formed and must be made to their final dimensions become.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen dreiteiligen Stoßdämpferkolben 1, der aus einer Mittelbüchse 7, und einem gleichen oberen 8 und unteren Stoßdämpferkolbenteil 9 besteht. Die auf der Umfangsfläche des Stoßdämpferkolbens 1 angeordnete Ringnut 5 wird durch die Hinterschneidung der Stoßdämpferkolbenteile 8 und 9 gebildet und muß ebenfalls maßgenau hergestellt werden.Fig. 2 shows a three-part shock absorber piston 1, which a center sleeve 7, and a same upper 8 and lower Shock absorber piston part 9. The on the peripheral surface the shock absorber piston 1 arranged annular groove 5 is by the undercut of the shock absorber piston parts 8 and 9 is formed and must also be made to measure.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen zweiteiligen Stoßdämpferkolben 1, anhand dessen die maßgenaue Endfertigung durch eine Kalibrierung der Ringnut 5 in den Fig. 4.1 bis 6.2 nachstehend erläutert wird. Dieser Stoßdämpferkolben 1 besteht aus zwei ungleichen Stoßdämpferkolbenteilen, nämlich dem oberen Stoßdämpferkolbenteil 10 und dem unteren Stoßdämpferkolbenteil 11. Weiterhin weist der Stoßdämpferkolben 1 Durchtrittskanäle 6 und auf seiner Umfangsfläche eine Ringnut 5 auf, wobei die Ringnut 5 in ihrer Form hauptsächlich durch das untere Stoßdämpferkolbenteil 11 gebildet wird und das obere Stoßdämpferkolbenteil 10 die seitliche Begrenzung der Ringnut 5 bildet. Fig. 3 shows a two-part shock absorber piston 1, based on which is the precise final production by calibrating the Ring groove 5 in FIGS. 4.1 to 6.2 is explained below. This shock absorber piston 1 consists of two different shock absorber piston parts, namely the upper shock piston part 10 and the lower shock piston part 11. Furthermore the shock absorber piston 1 through channels 6 and an annular groove 5 on its peripheral surface, the annular groove 5 mainly in shape through the lower shock piston part 11 is formed and the upper shock piston part 10 forms the lateral boundary of the annular groove 5.

Fig. 4.1 bis 6.2 zeigen die Verfahrensschritte der Kalibrierung des Stoßdämpferkolbens 1 gemäß Fig. 3. Der Stoßdämpferkolben 1, der aus dem oberen 10 und unteren Stoßdämpferkolbenteil 11 besteht, kann vorgefügt werden. Dies kann manuell oder beispielsweise auch mittels einer automatischen Fügevorrichtung durchgeführt werden. Der vorgefügte Stoßdämpferkolben 1 wird anschließend in eine Kalibriermatrize 12 eingelegt, die durch einen unteren Formstempel 17 begrenzt ist. Dem unteren Formstempel 17 ist ein oberer Formstempel 18 mit einem büchsenartigen Stempel 14 zugeordnet. Danach fährt ein Kalibrierdorn 13 in die zylindrische Bohrung 4 ein und ein büchsenartiger, vorlaufender Stempel 14 drückt auf das Kolbenhemd 15 und drückt dadurch den vorgefügten Stoßdämpferkolben 1 in die Kalibriermatrize, bis die Unterseite 16 des Stoßdämpferkolbens 1 auf dem unteren Formstempel 17 aufliegt. Der Stoßdämpferkolben 1 wird mittels eines Vordrucks des vorlaufenden Stempels 14 auf das Kolbenhemd 15 gefügt. Das Fügen des Stoßdämpferkolbens 1 kann auch mittels des vorlaufenden, büchsenartigen Stempels 14 und/oder mittels des oberen Formstempels 18 durchgeführt werden. Der obere Formstempel 18, der vorlaufende, büchsenartige Stempel 14 und der untere Formstempel 17 sind entsprechend der Oberfläche des oberen 19 und unteren Stoßdämpferkolbenteils 16 profiliert.4.1 to 6.2 show the procedural steps of the calibration of the shock absorber piston 1 according to FIG. 3. The shock absorber piston 1, which consists of the upper 10 and lower shock absorber piston part 11 exists, can be added. This can be done manually or for example also by means of an automatic joining device be performed. The pre-assembled shock absorber piston 1 is then inserted into a calibration matrix 12, which is limited by a lower die 17. The lower die 17 is an upper die 18 with assigned a sleeve-like stamp 14. Then pulls in Calibration mandrel 13 in and out of the cylindrical bore 4 sleeve-like, leading stamp 14 presses on the piston shirt 15 and thereby presses the pre-assembled shock absorber piston 1 into the calibration matrix until the bottom 16 of the Shock absorber piston 1 rests on the lower die 17. The shock absorber piston 1 is by means of a pre-pressure of the leading Stamp 14 added to the piston shirt 15. The joining the shock absorber piston 1 can also by means of the leading sleeve-like stamp 14 and / or by means of the upper Form stamp 18 are performed. The upper form stamp 18, the leading, rifle-like stamp 14 and the lower one Form stamps 17 correspond to the surface of the upper one 19 and lower shock absorber piston part 16 profiled.

Nachdem der gefügte Stoßdämpferkolben 1 auf dem unteren Formstempel 17 aufliegt und durch diesen und den zweiteiligen oberen Formstempel 14, 18 gespannt ist, greifen die Kalibrierschieber 20 in die Ringnut 5 ein, so daß das Fügen der beiden Teile des Stoßdämpferkolbens 1 bei einem Druck von ca. 25 MPa durchgeführt wird. Die Kalibrierschieber 20 entsprechen in ihrem äußeren, in die Ringnut 5 eingreifenden Abmessungen dem gewünschten Fertigungsmaß der Ringnut.After the joined shock absorber piston 1 on the lower die 17 rests and through this and the two-part upper die 14, 18 is clamped, engage the calibration slide 20 in the annular groove 5, so that the joining of the both parts of the shock absorber piston 1 at a pressure of approx. 25 MPa is carried out. The calibration slide 20 correspond in its outer, engaging in the annular groove 5 Dimensions the desired production dimension of the ring groove.

Anschließend drückt der aus dem inneren 18 und dem äußeren Stempel 14 bestehende Oberstempel mit einem Kalibrierdruck von ungefähr 200 bis 400 MPa auf den Stoßdämpferkolben 1. Then presses out of the inner 18 and the outer Stamp 14 existing upper stamp with a calibration print from about 200 to 400 MPa on the shock absorber piston 1.

Hierbei wird das am Sinterbauteil vorgesehene Kalibrieraufmaß von ca. 1 bis 10% in der Höhe durch plastische Verformung reduziert, so daß insbesondere die Ringnut 5 die gewünschten Endabmessungen erhält. Während der Außenstempel 14 hauptsächlich für die Maßhaltigkeit der kalibrierten Nut notwendig ist, liefert der Innenstempel 18 hauptsächlich alle anderen Maße. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist es, daß die Ringnutbreite auf das Maß a kalibriert wird und die obere 21 und untere 22 Ringnutflanke nach dem Kalibrieren parallel zueinander sind und das Endmaß für den Ringnutdurchmesser b erreicht wird.Here, the calibration allowance provided on the sintered component from approx. 1 to 10% in height due to plastic deformation reduced, so that in particular the annular groove 5 the desired Receives final dimensions. During the outer stamp 14 mainly for the dimensional accuracy of the calibrated groove is necessary, the inner stamp 18 mainly delivers all other dimensions. It is of particular importance that the Ring groove width is calibrated to dimension a and the upper one 21 and lower 22 ring groove flank after calibration in parallel are to each other and the gauge block for the ring groove diameter b is reached.

Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, daß bei dem gesinterten und gefügten Stoßdämpferkolben 1 die Ringnutbreite geringfügig größer und der Ringnutdurchmesser geringfügig kleiner ausgelegt sind. Durch das Pressen mittels der Formstempel auf den Stoßdämpferkolben 1, in dessen Ringnut 5 die Kalibrierschieber 20 eingreifen, wird durch Teilverformungen die Ringnutbreite a und der Ringnutdurchmesser b auf das Endmaß gebracht und die Parallelität der Ringnutflanken 21, 22 gewährleistet. Es ist einerseits möglich, sowohl den Innen- 18 als auch den Außenstempel 14 mit ungefähr gleichem Druck zu belasten, als auch andererseits mit unterschiedlichen Druckverhältnissen zu kalibrieren. Insbesondere ist es möglich, die Ringnut durch einen höheren Druck auf den Außenstempel 14 zu kalibrieren.In particular, it is provided that the sintered and joined Shock absorber piston 1 slightly the groove width larger and the ring groove diameter designed slightly smaller are. By pressing on the die Shock absorber piston 1, in its annular groove 5, the calibration slide 20 intervene, the annular groove width is due to partial deformations a and the ring groove diameter b brought to the final dimension and the parallelism of the ring groove flanks 21, 22 ensures. On the one hand, it is possible to use both the interior 18 as well as the outer stamp 14 with approximately the same pressure to burden, as well as with different Calibrate pressure conditions. In particular, it is possible the ring groove due to higher pressure on the outer punch 14 to calibrate.

Die Fig. 6.1 und 6.2 zeigen den Entformungsschritt. Hierzu werden die Kalibrierschieber 20 aus der kalibrierten Ringnut 5 entfernt und der Stoßdämpferkolben 1 durch den unteren Stempel 17 aus der Matrize 13 ausgestoßen.6.1 and 6.2 show the demolding step. For this the calibration slide 20 from the calibrated ring groove 5 removed and the shock absorber piston 1 through the lower Stamp 17 ejected from the die 13.

Claims (7)

  1. Method for calibrating a substantially disc-shaped sintered component (1) having two large surfaces opposite one another and a circumferential surface connecting the two large surfaces, wherein at least one recess (5) forming an undercut is arranged in the circumferential surface, which exhibits a constant and/or polygonal contour, characterised in that the component is inserted in a calibration matrix (12) and secured by means of at least one top and one bottom moulding die (17, 18) and at least one calibration slide (20) engaging in the recess (5), and that a compression pressure is then applied to the moulding die, thereby calibrating the recess to its final dimensions by at least one partial deformation.
  2. Method according to claim 1 for calibrating a substantially disc-shaped sintered component, especially a shock-absorber piston, which component, in addition to the recess in the circumferential surface, exhibits at least one bore (4) permeating at least one of the two large surfaces, characterised in that a calibration mandrel (13) is introduced into the bore after the insertion of the sintered component in the calibration matrix (12).
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2 for calibrating a sintered component composed of at least two partial elements (10, 11), characterised in that the partial elements are prejoined in a first joining operation, then inserted in the calibration matrix (12), and in that the partial elements are definitively joined by applying a preliminary pressure, before the compression pressure is applied, after which the compression pressure is applied.
  4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that at least one partial element is secured by means of the calibration slide before the compression pressure is applied.
  5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the partial elements are joined by applying a preliminary pressure to at least one moulding die and/or to at least one of the dies parallel to the moulding die.
  6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the sintered component is stretched by means of the moulding die and/or the parallel die and the compression pressure necessary for calibration is applied via at least one of the moulding dies and/or at least one of the dies parallel to the moulding die.
  7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the sintered component is stretched by means of the moulding die and/or the parallel die and the compression pressure necessary for calibration is applied via at least one of the moulding dies and/or at least one of the dies parallel to the moulding die, wherein the parallel die presses on the outer boundary area of the sintered component.
EP97114049A 1996-08-30 1997-08-14 Process for forming to final size of a recess Expired - Lifetime EP0826450B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19635183A DE19635183A1 (en) 1996-08-30 1996-08-30 Procedure for calibrating a preformed recess
DE19635183 1996-08-30

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EP0826450A1 EP0826450A1 (en) 1998-03-04
EP0826450B1 true EP0826450B1 (en) 2001-02-28

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EP (1) EP0826450B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19635183A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2155643T3 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010009800B3 (en) * 2010-03-01 2011-06-16 Gkn Sinter Metals Holding Gmbh Method for high-precision calibration of a component
DE102013201962B4 (en) * 2013-02-06 2016-08-18 Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH Sintered component with Verstemmwulst
AT513616B1 (en) 2013-05-28 2014-06-15 Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh Method for closing a hole
DE102013015677A1 (en) 2013-09-23 2015-03-26 Gkn Sinter Metals Holding Gmbh Process for producing a sintered part with high precision radial precision and parts set with sintered joining parts
DE102013015676A1 (en) * 2013-09-23 2015-03-26 Gkn Sinter Metals Holding Gmbh Process for the production of a sintered part with high-precision molding height and parts set of sintered joining parts
EP3263249B1 (en) * 2016-06-30 2019-01-23 Seco Tools Ab A press-tool
DE102019134153A1 (en) * 2019-12-12 2021-06-17 Gkn Sinter Metals Engineering Gmbh Sintered part and process for its manufacture
CN118371582B (en) * 2024-06-21 2024-08-20 常州市生生线缆有限公司 New forms of energy battery is with aluminium row stamping device

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DE59703037D1 (en) 2001-04-05
EP0826450A1 (en) 1998-03-04
US6101713A (en) 2000-08-15
ES2155643T3 (en) 2001-05-16
DE19635183A1 (en) 1998-03-05

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