EP0824767B1 - Connecting clamp for electrical conductors - Google Patents

Connecting clamp for electrical conductors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0824767B1
EP0824767B1 EP96910937A EP96910937A EP0824767B1 EP 0824767 B1 EP0824767 B1 EP 0824767B1 EP 96910937 A EP96910937 A EP 96910937A EP 96910937 A EP96910937 A EP 96910937A EP 0824767 B1 EP0824767 B1 EP 0824767B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
connecting terminal
disk
housing
terminal according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96910937A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0824767A1 (en
Inventor
Vera Feistkorn
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Feistkorn Vera
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to SI9630073T priority Critical patent/SI0824767T1/en
Publication of EP0824767A1 publication Critical patent/EP0824767A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0824767B1 publication Critical patent/EP0824767B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/50—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a cam, wedge, cone or ball also combined with a screw
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/50—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a cam, wedge, cone or ball also combined with a screw
    • H01R4/5008—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a cam, wedge, cone or ball also combined with a screw using rotatable cam
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
    • H01R9/22—Bases, e.g. strip, block, panel
    • H01R9/24—Terminal blocks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical connection terminal, the detachable with an electrical conductor in wire or strand form an electrically conductive contact rail connects, one rotatably mounted clamping disc during its swiveling movement Presses the conductor against the contact rail.
  • Such a connecting terminal is known from DE-PS 904304.
  • the conductor is replaced by a Rocker arm with the interposition of a spring against the contact rail pressed.
  • a disadvantage of the known device is that the conductor must be stripped beforehand.
  • the Contact via the spring is not optimal (contact surface).
  • a clamp has become known from US 30 64 227 which the conductor does not have to be stripped beforehand. There with this connection the contact element lance-like between the This connection is conductor and the insulation must be pressed only suitable with soft and flexible insulation. A firm contact is only achieved if an increased spreading spring pulls the conductor Contact force is generated.
  • a clamp is described in the publication DE 29 22 447 A1, with a previously stripped conductor by spring force is pressed against a contact surface.
  • the existing lever is used to push the clamping spring away, with which the conductor again is released.
  • a clamp is known from DE 29 02 536 B1, into which a Conductor can be inserted without prior stripping.
  • the Contact is made by cutting the insulation by means of the cutting edge of a fork-shaped receptacle.
  • the leader is squeezed against this with a push-through device Cutting edge pressed.
  • the invention has for its object a versatile connection technology (usable in terminal blocks, PCB connection terminals, or terminal blocks) to develop the previous one Stripping the conductor, or using tools during the clamping process, as a cost saving for the consumer, make redundant.
  • connection should be secure and provide a large contact point, the conductor from injuries protect at the cutting points as well as one if possible offer simple manufacture with few individual parts and also allow quick and easy handling what also at lower costs for both the manufacturer and leads to the consumer.
  • the invention relates to a connecting terminal with the Features of claim 1.
  • Advantageous embodiments result resulting from subclaims 2 to 10.
  • the clamping disc in front of the cutting edge has a serrated area on the insulation portion also attacks. It is also convenient to go through the clamping position secure locking projections, either on the Clamping disc or on a slide actuating the clamping disc attack and are detachable.
  • guides are provided in the housing, on which the outer contour of the clamping disc is supported.
  • the Clamping area of the clamping disc and the cutting edges for cutting off the insulation is suitably connected to the cross section of the Head adapted. It is also advantageous to connect several adjacent sliders simultaneously with several conductors to contact a clamping movement.
  • the contact rail is in the clamping area like a leaf spring bridging a depression in the housing and so exerts a spring force.
  • the clamp connection can be used if necessary a suitable tool, e.g. Screwdriver, loosened again when pressed against the locking lug in the direction of the housing becomes.
  • the embodiment shows schematically a terminal block, in the two conductors 14 are connected to a contact rail 8.
  • a clamping disc 3 rotatably mounted in an insulated housing 1 is through housing-fixed guides 2 a clamping disc 3 rotatably mounted.
  • the clamping disc 3 has a toothed area 9, a cutting edge 7 and a clamping surface 6 on. It is in its clamping position by a slide 5 moves, the slider 5 with a plunger 12 on the top 10 of the clamping disc 3 attacks (drawing 1).
  • the conductor 14 is up to a stop 4b inserted into the housing 1.
  • the conductor 14 is then with its end on a contact rail 8 on its front End has a shear bar 13.
  • the Slider 5 When pressing the Slider 5 is through the cutting edge 7 and the shear bar 13th the insulation of the conductor 14 cut open (drawing 2) and during the subsequent rotary movement of the clamping disc 3 their toothed area 9 the insulation from the end of the conductor 14 removed.
  • the latching connections can optionally be released by pressed with a suitable tool against the latch 11 and the connection is released.
  • the release of the locking connections can also with the help of a push button integrated in the housing 1 take place at the opening 16 between the conductor 14 and the elastic housing projection pressed against the locking lug 11 becomes.

Landscapes

  • Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)
  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)
  • Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Lead Frames For Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Connections Effected By Soldering, Adhesion, Or Permanent Deformation (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

This invention relates to a detachable connecting terminal which connects an electric conductor in the form of a wire or strand with an electroconductive contact bar, wherein a pivotedly positioned terminal disk in the housing forces the conductor against the contact bar when swivelled. According to the invention, the terminal disk has a knife which, together with a counter knife at the contact bar, separates the insulation from the conductor upon rotation of the terminal disk and forces the stripped portion of the conductor against the clamping region upon further rotation of the terminal disk. This joint can be separated with a suitable tool by pressing against a locking nose.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Verbindungsklemme, die lösbar einen elektrischen Leiter in Draht- oder Litzenform mit einer elektrisch leitenden Kontaktschiene verbindet, wobei eine verdrehbar gelagerte Klemmscheibe bei ihrer Schwenkbewegung den Leiter gegen die Kontaktschiene preßt.The invention relates to an electrical connection terminal, the detachable with an electrical conductor in wire or strand form an electrically conductive contact rail connects, one rotatably mounted clamping disc during its swiveling movement Presses the conductor against the contact rail.

Eine solche Verbindungsklemme ist aus der DE-PS 904304 bekannt. Bei dieser bekannten Kipphebelklemme wird der Leiter durch einen Kipphebel unter Zwischenschaltung einer Feder gegen die Kontaktschiene gepreßt. Ein Nachteil der bekannten Vorrichtung ist, daß der Leiter vorher abisoliert werden muß. Zusätzlich ist die Kontaktierung über die Feder nicht optimal (Kontakfläche).Such a connecting terminal is known from DE-PS 904304. In this known rocker arm clamp, the conductor is replaced by a Rocker arm with the interposition of a spring against the contact rail pressed. A disadvantage of the known device is that the conductor must be stripped beforehand. In addition, the Contact via the spring is not optimal (contact surface).

Durch die US 30 64 227 ist eine Klemme bekannt geworden, bei welcher der Leiter vorher nicht abisoliert werden muß. Da bei dieser Verbindung das Kontaktelement lanzenartig zwischen den Leiter und die Isolierung gedrückt werden muß, ist diese Verbindung nur bei einer weichen und nachgiebigen Isolierung geeignet. Eine feste Kontaktierung wird dabei auch erst erreicht, wenn unter Zugkraft am Leiter durch eine Spreizfeder eine erhöhte Kontaktkraft erzeugt wird.A clamp has become known from US 30 64 227 which the conductor does not have to be stripped beforehand. There with this connection the contact element lance-like between the This connection is conductor and the insulation must be pressed only suitable with soft and flexible insulation. A firm contact is only achieved if an increased spreading spring pulls the conductor Contact force is generated.

In der Druckschrift DE 29 22 447 A1 wird eine Klemme beschrieben, bei der ein vorher abisolierter Leiter durch Federkraft gegen eine Kontaktfläche gedrückt wird. Der vorhandene Hebel dient zum Wegdrücken der Klemmfeder, womit der Leiter wieder freigegeben wird.A clamp is described in the publication DE 29 22 447 A1, with a previously stripped conductor by spring force is pressed against a contact surface. The existing lever is used to push the clamping spring away, with which the conductor again is released.

Aus der DE 29 02 536 B1 ist eine Klemme bekannt, in die ein Leiter ohne vorheriges Abisolieren eingeführt werden kann. Die Kontaktierung erfolgt durch das Durchtrennen der Isolierung mittels der Schneidkante einer gabelförmigen Aufnahme. Der Leiter wird mit einer Durchsteckvorrichtung quetschend gegen diese Schneidkante gedrückt. A clamp is known from DE 29 02 536 B1, into which a Conductor can be inserted without prior stripping. The Contact is made by cutting the insulation by means of the cutting edge of a fork-shaped receptacle. The leader is squeezed against this with a push-through device Cutting edge pressed.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde eine vielseitige Verbindungstechnik (verwendbar in Reihenklemmen, Leiterplattenanschlußklemmen, oder Klemmblöcken) zu entwickeln, die das vorherige Abisolieren der Leiter, oder die Verwendung von Werkzeugen beim Klemmvorgang, als Kosteneinsparung für den Verbraucher, überflüssig machen. Gleichzeitig soll die Verbindung eine sichere und großflächige Kontaktstelle bieten, den Leiter vor Verletzungen an den schneidenden Stellen schützen sowie eine möglichst einfache Herstellung mit wenigen Einzelteilen bieten und außerdem eine rasche und einfache Handhabung ermöglichen, was ebenfalls zu geringeren Kosten sowohl beim Hersteller als auch beim Verbraucher führt.The invention has for its object a versatile connection technology (usable in terminal blocks, PCB connection terminals, or terminal blocks) to develop the previous one Stripping the conductor, or using tools during the clamping process, as a cost saving for the consumer, make redundant. At the same time, the connection should be secure and provide a large contact point, the conductor from injuries protect at the cutting points as well as one if possible offer simple manufacture with few individual parts and also allow quick and easy handling what also at lower costs for both the manufacturer and leads to the consumer.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Verbindungsklemme mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 10.The invention relates to a connecting terminal with the Features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments result resulting from subclaims 2 to 10.

So ist es, um das Entfernen der Isolationabschnitte zu unterstützen, vorteilhaft, wenn die Klemmscheibe vor der Schneide einen gezahnten Bereich aufweist, der an dem Isolationsabschnitt zusätzlich angreift. Es ist auch günstig, die Klemmlage durch gehäusefeste Rastvorsprünge zu sichern, die entweder an der Klemmscheibe oder an einem die Klemmscheibe betätigenden Schieber angreifen und lösbar sind. Zur Lagerung der Klemmscheibe ist es vorteilhaft, wenn in dem Gehäuse Führungen vorgesehen sind, an denen sich die Außenkontur der Klemmscheibe abstützt. Der Klemmbereich der Klemmscheibe und die Schneiden zum Abtrennen der Isolierung sind in geeigneter Weise an den Querschnitt des Leiters angepaßt. Es ist weiterhin vorteilhaft, durch Verbinden mehrerer benachbarter Schieber gleichzeitig mehrere Leiter mit einer Klemmbewegung zu kontaktieren. Zur Verbesserung der Klemmwirkung ist es günstig, wenn die Kontaktschiene im Klemmbereich blattfederartig eine Vertiefung im Gehäuse überbrückt und so eine Federkraft ausübt. Die Klemmverbindung kann bei Bedarf mit einem geeigneten Werkzeug, z.B. Schraubenzieher, wieder gelöst werden, wenn gegen die Rastnase in Gehäuserichtung gedrückt wird. So, to help remove the isolation sections, advantageous if the clamping disc in front of the cutting edge has a serrated area on the insulation portion also attacks. It is also convenient to go through the clamping position secure locking projections, either on the Clamping disc or on a slide actuating the clamping disc attack and are detachable. For storing the clamping disc it is advantageous if guides are provided in the housing, on which the outer contour of the clamping disc is supported. Of the Clamping area of the clamping disc and the cutting edges for cutting off the insulation is suitably connected to the cross section of the Head adapted. It is also advantageous to connect several adjacent sliders simultaneously with several conductors to contact a clamping movement. To improve the clamping effect it is favorable if the contact rail is in the clamping area like a leaf spring bridging a depression in the housing and so exerts a spring force. The clamp connection can be used if necessary a suitable tool, e.g. Screwdriver, loosened again when pressed against the locking lug in the direction of the housing becomes.

Im nachfolgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Zeichnung 1
Die Verbindungsklemme nach dem Einführen des Leiterendes im ungeklemmten Zustand.
Zeichnung 2
Die Verbindungsklemme beim Eingriff der Schneiden in die Isolierung während des Klemmvorganges.
Zeichnung 3
Die Verbindungsklemme im Klemmzustand.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Drawing 1
The connecting terminal after inserting the conductor end in the unclamped state.
Drawing 2
The connecting clamp when the cutting edges engage the insulation during the clamping process.
Drawing 3
The connecting clamp in the clamped state.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt schematisch eine Reihenklemme, in der zwei Leiter 14 mit einer Kontaktschiene 8 verbunden werden. In einem isolierten Gehäuse 1 ist durch gehäusefeste Führungen 2 eine Klemmscheibe 3 verdrehbar gelagert. Die Klemmscheibe 3 weist einen gezahnten Bereich 9, eine Schneide 7 und eine Klemmfläche 6 auf. Sie wird durch einen Schieber 5 in ihre Klemmlage bewegt, wobei der Schieber 5 mit einem Stößel 12 an der Oberseite 10 der Klemmscheibe 3 angreift (Zeichnung 1).The embodiment shows schematically a terminal block, in the two conductors 14 are connected to a contact rail 8. In an insulated housing 1 is through housing-fixed guides 2 a clamping disc 3 rotatably mounted. The clamping disc 3 has a toothed area 9, a cutting edge 7 and a clamping surface 6 on. It is in its clamping position by a slide 5 moves, the slider 5 with a plunger 12 on the top 10 of the clamping disc 3 attacks (drawing 1).

Durch eine öffnung 16 wird der Leiter 14 bis zu einem Anschlag 4b in das Gehäuse 1 eingeschoben. Der Leiter 14 liegt dann mit seinem Ende an einer Kontaktschiene 8 an, die an ihrem vorderen Ende eine Gegenschneide 13 aufweist. Bei der Betätigung des Schiebers 5 wird durch die Schneide 7 und die Gegenschneide 13 die Isolation des Leiters 14 aufgeschnitten (Zeichnung 2) und bei der nachfolgenden Drehbewegung der Klemmscheibe 3 durch ihren gezahnten Bereich 9 die Isolation von dem Ende des Leiters 14 entfernt.Through an opening 16, the conductor 14 is up to a stop 4b inserted into the housing 1. The conductor 14 is then with its end on a contact rail 8 on its front End has a shear bar 13. When pressing the Slider 5 is through the cutting edge 7 and the shear bar 13th the insulation of the conductor 14 cut open (drawing 2) and during the subsequent rotary movement of the clamping disc 3 their toothed area 9 the insulation from the end of the conductor 14 removed.

Bei der weiteren Drehung der Klemmscheibe 3 durch den Schieber 5 gelangt der Klemmbereich in Anlage an das abisolierte Ende des Leiters 14 und klemmt diesen gegen die Kontaktschiene 8 (Zeichnung 3). Im Klemmbereich überbrückt die Kontaktschiene 8 eine Vertiefung 15 im Gehäuse 1 nach Art einer Blattfeder. In der Klemmstellung (Zeichnung 3) wird die Klemmscheibe 3 durch einen elastischen Gehäusevorsprung 4 gehalten, hinter dem eine Rastnase 11 der Klemmscheibe 3 einrastet. Zusätzlich kann eine Haltekraft auch durch einen Rastvorsprung 4a am Gehäuse 1 erzeugt werden, der an dem Schieber 5 angreift.With the further rotation of the clamping disc 3 by the slide 5 the clamping area comes into contact with the stripped end of the Conductor 14 and clamps it against the contact rail 8 (drawing 3). In the clamping area, the contact rail 8 bridges one Recess 15 in the housing 1 in the manner of a leaf spring. In the Clamping position (drawing 3) is the clamping disc 3 by a elastic housing projection 4 held behind which a locking lug 11 of the clamping disc 3 engages. In addition, a holding force also generated by a locking projection 4a on the housing 1 be attacking the slide 5.

Die Rastverbindungen können gegebenenfalls gelöst werden, indem mit einem geeigneten Werkzeug gegen die Rastnase 11 gedrückt und die Verbindung gelöst wird. Das Lösen der Rastverbindungen kann auch mit Hilfe eines im Gehäuse 1 integrierten Druckknopfes erfolgen, der an der öffnung 16 zwischen dem Leiter 14 und dem elastischen Gehäusevorsprung gegen die Rastnase 11 gedrückt wird.The latching connections can optionally be released by pressed with a suitable tool against the latch 11 and the connection is released. The release of the locking connections can also with the help of a push button integrated in the housing 1 take place at the opening 16 between the conductor 14 and the elastic housing projection pressed against the locking lug 11 becomes.

Claims (10)

  1. Connecting terminal detachable connecting an electric conductor in form of a wire or strand with an electroconductive contact bar, a pivoted terminal disk (3) in the housing (1) forcing the conductor (14) against the contact bar (8) when swiveled, characterized in that the terminal disk (3) has a knife (7) which together with a counter knife (13) at the contact bar (8) upon pivoting the terminal disk (3) separates the insulation from the conductor (14) and upon further rotation of the terminal disk (3) forces the stripped portion of the conductor (14) with a clamping region (6) adjacent to the knife (7) against the contact bar (8) and in that this joint, if necessary, can be separated with a suitable tool by pushing against a locking nose (11).
  2. Connecting terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the terminal disk (3) additionally has a serrated region (9) before the knife (7) supporting the transport of the separated insulation portion.
  3. Connecting terminal according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a resilient housing projection (4) detachable fixes the terminal disk (3) in the clamping position.
  4. Connecting terminal according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the terminal disk (3) is operated by a slide (5) being guided in the housing (1) of the connecting terminal.
  5. Connecting terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that the slide (5) is fixed in the clamping position by a loking projection (4a) at the housing (1).
  6. Connecting terminal according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that by connecting several slides (5) several conductors (14) are simultaneously clamped by one clamping operation.
  7. Connecting terminal according to any of the preceeding claims, characterized in that the bedding of the terminal disk (3) is achieved by guiding means (2) fixed in the housing, which act on the periphery of the terminal disk.
  8. Connecting terminal according to any of the preceeding claims, characterized in that the clamping region (6) of the terminal disk (3) and the contact bar (8) have a longitudinal groove adapted to the cross section of the stripped conductor (14).
  9. Connecting terminal according to any of the preceeding claims, characterized in that the shape of the knife (7) and the counter knife (13) is adapted to the cross section of the insulation to be separated.
  10. Connecting terminal according to any of the preceeding claims, characterized in that in the clamping region the contact bar (8) bridges like a coach spring a cavity (15) in the housing (1) thereby supporting the contact with the conductor (14).
EP96910937A 1995-05-04 1996-03-27 Connecting clamp for electrical conductors Expired - Lifetime EP0824767B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9630073T SI0824767T1 (en) 1995-05-04 1996-03-27 Connecting clamp for electrical conductors

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19516338 1995-05-04
DE19516338A DE19516338C1 (en) 1995-05-04 1995-05-04 Connection clamp for interconnecting a pair of electrical wires
PCT/EP1996/001347 WO1996035242A1 (en) 1995-05-04 1996-03-27 Connecting clamp for electrical conductors

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0824767A1 EP0824767A1 (en) 1998-02-25
EP0824767B1 true EP0824767B1 (en) 1999-06-16

Family

ID=7761042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96910937A Expired - Lifetime EP0824767B1 (en) 1995-05-04 1996-03-27 Connecting clamp for electrical conductors

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US6036532A (en)
EP (1) EP0824767B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3238708B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100292230B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1068139C (en)
AT (1) ATE181461T1 (en)
AU (1) AU698363B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9608129A (en)
CA (1) CA2219668C (en)
CZ (1) CZ286587B6 (en)
DE (1) DE19516338C1 (en)
DK (1) DK0824767T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2136399T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3031019T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1017950A1 (en)
HU (1) HU221773B1 (en)
PL (1) PL179940B1 (en)
TR (1) TR199701296T1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996035242A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996035242A1 (en) 1996-11-07
CZ344897A3 (en) 1998-02-18
BR9608129A (en) 1999-12-07
PL179940B1 (en) 2000-11-30
PL323105A1 (en) 1998-03-16
CZ286587B6 (en) 2000-05-17
CA2219668A1 (en) 1996-11-07
EP0824767A1 (en) 1998-02-25
HU221773B1 (en) 2003-01-28
ES2136399T3 (en) 1999-11-16
DK0824767T3 (en) 1999-12-27
KR19990008196A (en) 1999-01-25
KR100292230B1 (en) 2001-06-01
AU698363B2 (en) 1998-10-29
DE19516338C1 (en) 1996-08-22
TR199701296T1 (en) 1998-02-21
HUP9801557A3 (en) 2001-06-28
JP3238708B2 (en) 2001-12-17
CN1183856A (en) 1998-06-03
AU5398196A (en) 1996-11-21
HUP9801557A2 (en) 1998-10-28
JP2000513863A (en) 2000-10-17
ATE181461T1 (en) 1999-07-15
CA2219668C (en) 2006-01-31
CN1068139C (en) 2001-07-04
GR3031019T3 (en) 1999-12-31
HK1017950A1 (en) 1999-12-03
US6036532A (en) 2000-03-14

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