EP0817507B1 - Method for displaying a picture from a graphic processor of the VGA-type on a television receiver - Google Patents

Method for displaying a picture from a graphic processor of the VGA-type on a television receiver Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0817507B1
EP0817507B1 EP97201919A EP97201919A EP0817507B1 EP 0817507 B1 EP0817507 B1 EP 0817507B1 EP 97201919 A EP97201919 A EP 97201919A EP 97201919 A EP97201919 A EP 97201919A EP 0817507 B1 EP0817507 B1 EP 0817507B1
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Prior art keywords
line
display means
signal
field
vga
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EP97201919A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0817507A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Decraemer
Michel Nieuwenhuizen
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/14—Picture signal circuitry for video frequency region
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G1/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data
    • G09G1/06—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data using single beam tubes, e.g. three-dimensional or perspective representation, rotation or translation of display pattern, hidden lines, shadows
    • G09G1/14—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data using single beam tubes, e.g. three-dimensional or perspective representation, rotation or translation of display pattern, hidden lines, shadows the beam tracing a pattern independent of the information to be displayed, this latter determining the parts of the pattern rendered respectively visible and invisible
    • G09G1/16—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with cathode-ray tube indicators; General aspects or details, e.g. selection emphasis on particular characters, dashed line or dotted line generation; Preprocessing of data using single beam tubes, e.g. three-dimensional or perspective representation, rotation or translation of display pattern, hidden lines, shadows the beam tracing a pattern independent of the information to be displayed, this latter determining the parts of the pattern rendered respectively visible and invisible the pattern of rectangular co-ordinates extending over the whole area of the screen, i.e. television type raster
    • G09G1/165—Details of a display terminal using a CRT, the details relating to the control arrangement of the display terminal and to the interfaces thereto
    • G09G1/167—Details of the interface to the display terminal specific for a CRT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
    • H04N7/0117—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving conversion of the spatial resolution of the incoming video signal
    • H04N7/012—Conversion between an interlaced and a progressive signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals
    • H04N9/641—Multi-purpose receivers, e.g. for auxiliary information

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Graphics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
  • Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
  • Television Systems (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour afficher une image provenant d'un processeur graphique de type VGA en utilisant les moyens d'affichage par trames d'un téléviseur conventionnel.The present invention relates to a method for displaying an image from a VGA graphics processor in using the frame display means of a television set conventional.

Elle concerne également un appareil d'affichage d'images de télévision, muni de moyens d'affichage par trames et permettant l'affichage d'une image provenant d'un processeur graphique de type VGA.It also relates to an image display device television, provided with frame display means and allowing the display of an image coming from a processor VGA graphics.

Pour afficher une image provenant d'un processeur graphique de type VGA sur l'écran d'un téléviseur conventionnel, il a été proposé différents moyens pour modifier la fréquence de balayage. horizontal du téléviseur. Toutefois aucun n'est vraiment satisfaisant, et surtout ces moyens sont plutôt compliqués. Il a été également proposé, dans le document Patent Abstract of Japan 07306664 A et le brevet des Etats-Unis d'Amérique 5 815 208, de mémoriser les contenus de lignes pour les afficher de façon non synchrone par rapport à leur génération par le processeur graphique de type VGA.To display an image from a processor VGA graphics on a TV screen conventional, different means have been proposed for change the scanning frequency. horizontal of the TV. However none is really satisfactory, and especially these means are rather complicated. It was also proposed, in the document Patent Abstract of Japan 07306664 A and the U.S. Patent 5,815,208, to memorize the line contents to display them non-synchronously compared to their generation by the graphics processor of VGA type.

Un objet de l'invention est de permettre l'affichage d'une image provenant d'un processeur graphique de type VGA sur l'écran d'un téléviseur conventionnel, de manière très simple.An object of the invention is to allow the display an image from a VGA graphics processor on the screen of a conventional TV, very simple.

A cet effet, on transmet vers les dits moyens d'affichage les lignes paires d'une image VGA pendant une trame et les lignes impaires pendant la trame suivante.To this end, we transmit to the said means display even lines of a VGA image during a frame and odd lines during the next frame.

L'invention est donc basée sur la remarque que la durée de ligne d'un téléviseur conventionnel est, à très peu près, la moitié de celle d'un moniteur VGA, et que par conséquent l'affichage d'une ligne sur deux peut se faire en modifiant très peu la vitesse de balayage.The invention is therefore based on the remark that the duration line of a conventional TV is, pretty much, half that of a VGA monitor, and therefore the display of every other line can be done by modifying very little scanning speed.

Un appareil et un procédé selon l'invention sont exposés dans les revendications 1 et 6.An apparatus and a method according to the invention are set out in claims 1 and 6.

Avantageusement, on décale les impulsions de synchronisation de l'image VGA d'environ une demi durée de ligne VGA. Advantageously, the pulses of VGA image synchronization of approximately half a VGA line.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, les moyens pour retarder les impulsions comprennent deux circuits de temporisation en cascade, l'un pour fixer le temps de retard, l'autre pour fixer la durée de l'impulsion retardée.In a particular embodiment, the means for delay pulses include two circuits of cascade timer, one to set the time for delay, the other to set the duration of the delayed pulse.

L'appareil d'affichage d'images est muni avantageusement de moyens pour faire varier l'amplitude du balayage ligne.The image display device is advantageously provided means for varying the amplitude of the line scan.

Ainsi l'image affichée peut occuper toute la largeur de l'écran.Thus the displayed image can occupy the entire width of the screen.

Lorsque l'appareil d'affichage d'images est muni d'un tube écran à faisceau cathodique et d'un dispositif qui génère un courant en dents de scie dans un bobinage déviateur du faisceau, avec une capacité dite de S en série avec le bobinage, les moyens pour faire varier l'amplitude du balayage ligne sont avantageusement des moyens de commutation d'une autre capacité de S.When the image display device is equipped with a cathode ray screen tube and a device which generates a sawtooth current in a winding beam deflector, with a capacity called S in series with the winding, the means for varying the amplitude line scanning are advantageously means of switching of another capacity of S.

Ainsi, c'est surtout la partie centrale des lignes qui est allongée.Thus, it is especially the central part of the lines which is elongated.

Ces aspects de l'invention ainsi que d'autres aspects plus détaillés apparaítront plus clairement grâce à la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation constituant un exemple non limitatif.These aspects of the invention as well as other aspects more detailed will appear more clearly thanks to the following description of an embodiment constituting a nonlimiting example.

La figure 1 représente schématiquement un téléviseur.Figure 1 schematically shows a television.

La figure 2 est un diagramme de temps illustrant différents signaux d'une image VGA.Figure 2 is a time diagram illustrating different signals from a VGA image.

La figure 3 est un autre diagramme de temps illustrant différents signaux utilisés pour afficher une image VGA sur un téléviseur. Figure 3 is another time diagram illustrating different signals used to display a VGA image on A television.

La figure 4 est un schéma de circuit réalisant des opérations sur les signaux pour afficher une image VGA sur un téléviseur.FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram realizing signal operations to display a VGA image on A television.

Les figures 5 et 6 illustrent comment on peut améliorer l'image obtenue.Figures 5 and 6 illustrate how we can improve the image obtained.

Le téléviseur dont le schéma est représenté sur la figure 1 comprend un syntoniseur 22 recevant un signal par exemple d'une antenne 21 et transposant sa fréquence vers des fréquences intermédiaires destinées à un amplificateur à fréquence intermédiaire vidéo 23 et à un amplificateur à fréquence intermédiaire son 24. L'amplificateur à fréquence intermédiaire son 24 est suivi d'un démodulateur 29 qui délivre les signaux audio en bande de base à un amplificateur de puissance audio 27, alimentant un haut-parleur 33.The television whose diagram is represented on the figure 1 includes a tuner 22 receiving a signal for example of an antenna 21 and transposing its frequency towards intermediate frequencies intended for an amplifier with video intermediate frequency 23 and an amplifier at intermediate frequency sound 24. The frequency amplifier intermediate sound 24 is followed by a demodulator 29 which outputs baseband audio signals to a audio power amplifier 27, driving a loudspeaker 33.

L'amplificateur à fréquence intermédiaire vidéo 23 est suivi d'une unité 25 qui fournit un signal vidéo en bande de base à un amplificateur vidéo 26 délivrant des signaux vidéo à un tube écran 32 à faisceau cathodique. L'unité 25 extrait aussi du signal des signaux de synchronisation trame et ligne qui sont amenés respectivement à un circuit de balayage trame 28, qui délivre un courant dans un bobinage déviateur 30 de trame, et à un circuit de balayage ligne 36, associé à une unité de puissance lignes 35 qui délivre, via une capacité de liaison 15 dite capacité de S, un courant dans un bobinage déviateur 34 de ligne, et produit en outre une tension d'environ 25 kV, pour alimenter l'écran du tube écran, auquel elle est reliée par une connexion 31.The video intermediate frequency amplifier 23 is followed by a unit 25 which provides a video signal in band of base to a video amplifier 26 delivering video signals to a cathode ray screen tube 32. Unit 25 extracted also signal frame synchronization signals and line which are brought respectively to a circuit of weft scanning 28, which delivers a current in a winding frame deflector 30, and to a line scanning circuit 36, associated with a power unit lines 35 which delivers, via a connection capacity 15 known as capacity of S, a current in a line deflection coil 34, and further produces a voltage of around 25 kV, to power the screen of the tube screen, to which it is connected by a connection 31.

Pour mémoire, la fréquence de balayage ligne dans la norme VGA est de 31500 Hz, et la fréquence trame de 60 Hz. La demi-fréquence de balayage ligne VGA est donc de 15750 Hz, et la fréquence lignes d'un téléviseur dit "625 lignes" est de 15625 Hz, c'est-à-dire une valeur voisine. Les circuits de synchronisation du balayage lignes d'un téléviseur sont capables d'accepter le passage de 15625 à 15750 lignes sans modification particulière, et de même les circuits de synchronisation du balayage trame sont capables d'accepter le passage de 50 Hz à 60 Hz.As a reminder, the line scan frequency in the VGA standard is 31,500 Hz, and the frame frequency of 60 Hz. The VGA line half frequency is therefore 15750 Hz, and the line frequency of a TV says "625 lines" is 15625 Hz, i.e. a neighboring value. The line scan synchronization circuits of a television are able to accept the transition from 15625 to 15,750 lines without any particular modification, and similarly the frame scan synchronization circuits are capable accept the change from 50 Hz to 60 Hz.

L'information vidéo de type VGA est portée par trois signaux de couleur dits R G B.VGA type video information is carried by three so-called R G B color signals.

Sur la figure 2, la ligne A montre des contenus vidéo de lignes successives d'image VGA. La ligne B montre des impulsions de synchronisation ligne correspondantes. La ligne C montre une impulsion de synchronisation trame correspondante. La ligne D montre une ligne identique à la ligne A mais dans laquelle, pendant la trame qui se termine à gauche de la figure, seulement les lignes impaires de l'image VGA sont conservées (la figure montre les dernières, portant les numéros 519, 521, 523) et, pendant la trame qui commence à droite de la figure, seulement les lignes paires sont conservées (la figure montre les premières portant les numéros 2, 4). Si un téléviseur affiche les contenus des lignes indiquées en D, il produira par entrelacement l'image complète d'origine, en deux trames au lieu d'une.In Figure 2, line A shows video content from successive lines of VGA image. Line B shows corresponding line synchronization pulses. The line C shows a frame synchronization pulse corresponding. Line D shows a line identical to the line A but in which, during the frame which ends to the left of the figure, only the odd lines of the VGA image are preserved (the figure shows the latest, bearing the numbers 519, 521, 523) and, during the frame which starts to the right of the figure, only the even lines are kept (the figure shows the first ones bearing the numbers 2, 4). If a TV displays the contents of lines indicated in D, it will produce by interlacing the image complete original, in two frames instead of one.

Sur la figure 3, la ligne B montre à nouveau les impulsions de synchronisation ligne VGA. La ligne E montre des signaux obtenus en déclenchant une bascule bistable par les fronts descendants du signal de la ligne B. Les fronts descendants du signal de la ligne E déclenchent un circuit de temporisation, qui apporte un retard t1, et ce dernier déclenche à son tour un circuit de temporisation dont la durée est t2, ce qui procure finalement les impulsions de la ligne F. La ligne D est la même que celle de la figure 2. Les contenus vidéo y sont centrés par rapport aux impulsions de la ligne F, alors qu'ils auraient été décalés vis-à-vis des bords de l'écran du téléviseur, si l'on n'avait pas retardé les impulsion de la ligne F par rapport au début de celles de la ligne E. Ce décalage est d'environ une demi durée de ligne VGA.In Figure 3, line B again shows the VGA line synchronization pulses. Line E shows signals obtained by triggering a flip-flop by the falling edges of the line B signal. signal descendants of line E trigger a circuit of delay, which brings a delay t1, and the latter in turn triggers a timing circuit whose duration is t2, which ultimately provides the impulses of the line F. Line D is the same as that in Figure 2. Video content is centered there in relation to pulses of line F, when they would have been shifted opposite edges of the TV screen, if you didn't have delayed the impulses of line F compared to the beginning of those on line E. This offset is about half a VGA line duration.

Le circuit de la figure 4 réalise les opérations nécessaires sur les signaux VGA pour afficher l'image VGA sur un téléviseur. Les signaux VGA de synchronisation horizontale H, de synchronisation verticale V, et les signaux R G B, sont amenés sur un connecteur d'entrée 1, qui peut être par exemple le connecteur de péritélévision du téléviseur. Un circuit 7 de sélection de lignes transmet le signal R G B ou lui barre la route, une ligne sur deux, de façon à créer trois signaux de couleur, chacun comme représenté en ligne D des figures 3 ou 4. Ce signal est amené par les trois connexions 6 à l'amplificateur vidéo 26 de la figure 1. Le circuit 7 est par exemple constitué de trois portes analogiques, une pour chacun des signaux R, V, B.The circuit of figure 4 carries out the operations required on VGA signals to display VGA image on a TV. VGA synchronization signals horizontal H, vertical synchronization V, and R G B signals, are brought to an input connector 1, which for example the SCART connector of the TV. A line selection circuit 7 transmits the signal R G B or bar the route, every other line, from so as to create three color signals, each like shown in line D in Figures 3 or 4. This signal is brought by the three connections 6 to the video amplifier 26 in Figure 1. Circuit 7 is for example made up of three analog gates, one for each of the R, G signals, B.

A partir du signal H, une bascule flip-flop 9, par exemple une bascule dite J-K, divise par deux la fréquence de synchronisation ligne VGA, et fournit en 11 le signal de la ligne E de la figure 3. Ce signal est amené au circuit 7 pour commander les portes.From signal H, a flip-flop flip-flop 9, by example a rocker called J-K, divides by two the frequency line synchronization VGA, and provides in 11 the signal of line E of figure 3. This signal is brought to circuit 7 to order the doors.

Un circuit de temporisation 8, par exemple un circuit monostable, reçoit aussi le signal de la bascule 9. Au bout d'un temps t1 après le front descendant du signal en 11, il fournit lui même un front descendant en 12.A timer circuit 8, for example a circuit monostable, also receives the signal from flip-flop 9. At the end of a time t1 after the falling edge of the signal at 11, it itself provides a falling edge in 12.

Un deuxième circuit de temporisation 10, par exemple encore un circuit monostable, reçoit le signal en 12, et délivre en réponse une impulsion de durée t2, correspondant au signal de la ligne F de la figure 3. Ces impulsions sont retardées d'environ une demi durée de ligne VGA, par rapport aux fronts descendants des impulsions de la ligne E.A second timer circuit 10, for example still a monostable circuit, receives the signal at 12, and delivers in response a pulse of duration t2, corresponding to the signal on line F in Figure 3. These pulses are delayed by about half a VGA line time, compared at falling edges of the impulses of line E.

Un additionneur analogique 3 ajoute au signal issu du circuit 10 le signal V, ce qui produit en 5 un signal de synchronisation à la fois ligne et trame, qui est amené au circuit 25 de la figure 1.An analog adder 3 adds to the signal from the circuit 10 the signal V, which produces in 5 a signal of both line and frame synchronization, which is brought to circuit 25 of figure 1.

La figure 5 montre des dents de scie ST1 de balayage ligne, et en 32 l'écran du téléviseur, dont les lignes dites horizontales sont ici verticales, autrement dit l'écran est tourné de 90°par rapport à sa position normale. Si l'on se contente de mettre en oeuvre les moyens décrits ci-dessus, le signal vidéo de la ligne D correspond temporellement, pour chaque ligne, à la partie de dent de scie comprise entre les deux lignes verticales en tirets, c'est-à-dire que l'image obtenue sur l'écran est celle comprise entre les deux lignes horizontales en tirets. Figure 5 shows ST1 sweep saw teeth line, and at 32 the TV screen, whose lines say horizontal here is vertical, in other words the screen is rotated 90 ° from its normal position. If we happy to implement the means described above, the video signal of line D corresponds in time, for each line, including the sawtooth part between the two vertical dashed lines, i.e. the image obtained on the screen is that between two horizontal dashed lines.

La figure 6 montre comment l'affichage peut être amélioré en augmentant l'amplitude du balayage ligne. Elle montre des dents de scie ST2 de balayage ligne allongées par rapport à celles de la figure 5, et dont la forme en S est plus accentuée, c'est-à-dire que c'est surtout la partie centrale de la ligne qui a été allongée. Le signal vidéo de la ligne D correspond toujours temporellement, pour chaque ligne, à la partie de dent de scie comprise entre les deux lignes verticales en tirets, et l'image obtenue sur l'écran est celle comprise entre les deux lignes horizontales en tirets, elle occupe maintenant toute la largeur de l'écran, et a ses proportions normales.Figure 6 shows how the display can be improved by increasing the amplitude of the line scan. It shows ST2 line scan saw teeth elongated with respect to those of Figure 5, and whose S shape is more accentuated, that is to say that it is especially the central part of the line that has been lengthened. The video signal of the line D always corresponds temporally, for each line, to the sawtooth part between the two lines vertical dashes, and the image obtained on the screen is that between the two horizontal dashed lines, it now occupies the entire width of the screen, and has its normal proportions.

Un allongement du balayage lignes comme celui de la figure 6 par rapport à la figure 5 peut être obtenu en réduisant la valeur de la capacité 15 de S (figure 1). Ceci peut être obtenu en remplaçant la capacité 15 par une autre capacité 16 plus petite, au moyen de n'importe quel système commutateur connu 17, qui ne fait pas partie de la présente invention : par exemple, un moyen pour commuter une capacité de S est décrit dans le document EP-A-96 202 557.3. En variante, un interrupteur pourrait aussi être branché de manière à ajouter une capacité de S additionnelle en parallèle sur la capacité 15, au lieu de commuter une capacité 16 à sa place. Dans ce cas, l'interrupteur ajoutant la capacité additionnelle devrait être fermé, afin de mettre la capacité de S additionnelle en service, pendant la marche normale du téléviseur, et ouvert afin de mettre la capacité de S additionnelle hors service, lorsque des images VGA sont affichées.An extension of the line sweep like that of the Figure 6 compared to Figure 5 can be obtained by reducing the value of the capacity 15 of S (Figure 1). This can be obtained by replacing ability 15 with another 16 smaller capacity, using any system known switch 17, which is not part of this invention: for example, a means for switching a capacity of S is described in document EP-A-96 202 557.3. In variant, a switch could also be connected from so as to add an additional S capacity in parallel on capacity 15, instead of switching a capacity 16 in its place. In this case, the switch adding additional capacity should be closed in order to put the additional capacity of S in service, while walking normal of the TV, and open in order to put the capacity of additional S out of service, when VGA images are displayed.

Claims (7)

  1. An apparatus for displaying television images comprising field-display means and means for processing a VGA image signal for displaying the contents of a VGA image on said field-display means, said processing means being characterized in that they comprise:
    means (9) for generating, from the line-synchronizing signal (H) of said VGA image signal, a control signal (11) of half the frequency,
    means (8, 10) for forming said control signal so as to generate a line-synchronizing signal of said display means,
    selection means (7) controlled by said control signal (11) for selecting the even lines of a VGA image during a VGA image field and the odd lines during the next field, said even and odd lines constituting a first and a second field, respectively, applied to said display means.
  2. An apparatus for displaying television images as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said forming means comprise a first time-delay circuit (8) and a second time-delay circuit (10) arranged in cascade for delaying and fixing the duration, respectively, of each pulse constituting said line-synchronizing signal of said display means.
  3. An apparatus for displaying television images as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that it comprises means (3) for adding said line-synchronizing signal of said display means to the field-synchronizing signal (V) of said VGA image signal for generating a single line and field-synchronizing signal (5) of said display means.
  4. An apparatus for displaying television images as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that it comprises means (15, 16, 17) for varying the line-scanning amplitude of said display means.
  5. An apparatus for displaying television images as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that said means for varying the line-scanning amplitude comprise means (17) for switching from one capacitance (15) to another capacitance (16) for arranging said switched capacitance in series with the line deflection coil (34) of said display means.
  6. A method of displaying television images, the method comprising a step of processing a VGA image signal for displaying the contents of a VGA image on field-display means, said processing step being characterized in that they it comprises the substeps of:
    generating (9), from the line-synchronizing signal (H) of said VGA image signal, a control signal (11) of half the frequency,
    forming (8, 10) said control signal so as to generate a line-synchronizing signal of said display means,
    selection (7) controlled by said control signal (11) for selecting the even lines of a VGA image during a VGA image field and the odd lines during the next field, said even and odd lines constituting a first and a second field, respectively, applied to said display means.
  7. A method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that sub-step of forming comprises a first time-delay phase (8) and a second time-delay phase (10) in cascade for delaying and fixing the duration, respectively, of each pulse constituting said line-synchronizing signal of said display means.
EP97201919A 1996-07-03 1997-07-01 Method for displaying a picture from a graphic processor of the VGA-type on a television receiver Expired - Lifetime EP0817507B1 (en)

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FR9608284 1996-07-03
FR9608284A FR2750822A1 (en) 1996-07-03 1996-07-03 METHOD FOR DISPLAYING A VGA IMAGE ON A TELEVISION

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EP0817507A1 EP0817507A1 (en) 1998-01-07
EP0817507B1 true EP0817507B1 (en) 2002-10-09

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US (1) US6011591A (en)
EP (1) EP0817507B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH1074070A (en)
KR (1) KR980013259A (en)
CN (1) CN1173780A (en)
DE (1) DE69716171T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2750822A1 (en)

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JPH1074070A (en) 1998-03-17
DE69716171D1 (en) 2002-11-14
KR980013259A (en) 1998-04-30
CN1173780A (en) 1998-02-18
FR2750822A1 (en) 1998-01-09
DE69716171T2 (en) 2003-06-12
EP0817507A1 (en) 1998-01-07
US6011591A (en) 2000-01-04

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