EP0812945A1 - Hair implanting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine to insert hair into a hairpiece, uses a thin polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film stretched over a positive mould (12a) held (12) at a mounting plate at the upper part (11) of the equipment. The hair insertion needle (15), with a hair feed, is over the positive mould (12a). The positive mould (12a) or the insertion needle (15) are moved in three dimensions in relation to each other so that, on each needle insertion, the needle penetration point is at right angles to the tangent at the surface of the positive mould. Preferably the needle head (15) moves on an arc guide path (9) which is secured at its ends through longitudinal slots (10a,10b) in the mounting plate (11) bonded to a sliding base plate (5). The mounting plate (11) projects sufficiently to contain the fitted positive mould (12a) with a defined gap from the edges. An insertion needle moves towards the positive mould (12a) as well as along the arc guide path (9). Drives (6) move the arc guide path (9) along the longitudinal slots (10a,10b) and the insertion needle along the arc guide path (9) and in the direction of the positive mould (12a). Guides (8) are along the inner side of the side frame sections (4) of the housing (2) for the rollers or cog wheels (7) powered by a step motor (6). The needle holder is mounted to an insertion head arm, to move along a guide for the head on rollers. A rotating head is between the insertion head arm and the needle holder.

Description

State of the art

The invention relates to a hair piercing machine for bribing a hair part, in particular toupees, according to the preamble of claim 1.

In addition to the numerous different doll head wigs, hairpieces for human use are known, which are made from several layers of different materials such as gauze, rubber, celluloid, glass fiber fabric, various plastics, etc. So there is z. B. a known hair piece of four layers. With him, the hair is individually pulled through two upper layers of fabric and attached to the underside of the second layer with an adhesive layer, while another layer of fabric is glued from below against this adhesive mass as a cover. The top layer consists of the scalp of appropriately colored silk gauze. The underlying layer is said to be impermeable to adhesive and water, while the opposite layer is made of silk gauze.

A method for producing such hairpieces is known: (DE AS 1 917 993), in which, on a hard positive mold, two auxiliary molds made of thin, transparent plastic film made of PVC, which are deep-drawn onto them, are arranged one above the other, including a grid film, the upper auxiliary mold before laying on and piercing first coat the underside of the hair with a primary synthetic resin film and then pull it up by several millimeters after pulling the hair over it. Then the hair ends stuck in the second (lower) auxiliary form are separated and the first auxiliary form, which now carries the hair alone, is lifted off. Then the hair pile protruding from the underside of the first (upper) auxiliary form is shaved to a uniform length of about 1 to 2 mm and embedded in synthetic resin by applying a synthetic resin layer on the inside of this first (upper). Then, after the synthetic resin application has hardened, the first (upper) auxiliary mold is pressed with a separating layer covering the positive mold, which consists of previously applied synthetic resin. Varying the pressing pressure produces a film which forms the hair bottom and is of a uniform thickness, depending on the pressing pressure, correspondingly thicker. After the film has hardened, the auxiliary form is pulled off over the hair.

In all previously known methods for producing hair pieces, the individual or small hair bundles are stuck into the foils by hand. There are several problems with this. So the stinging person must be technically suitable to handle the piercing tool, a needle with a notch, and individual hair. In addition, a large sense of proportion is required to distribute the intended amount of hair evenly over the entire hair piece. Only long experience helps to avoid that at the end of the lancing process there is enough hair left to bribe even the last parts of the hair piece with the required density. Hair pieces with uneven density of the hair require re-piercing and usually also a reordering of additional hair with the desired one Color mixing, which results in a long delay in delivery.

The state of the art include program-controlled placement machines such. B. for boards in which electronic components are used in certain positions of the board.

task

Accordingly, the object of the invention specified in claim 1 is to provide a hair piercing machine which avoids the inadequacies of monotonous and therefore error-causing manual labor during piercing.

Advantages of the invention

With the machine according to claim 1, apart from the advantages resulting from the solution of the task results in that the hair is regularly and evenly pierced with respect to distance, density and depth.

Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the remaining subclaims.

With the development of the invention according to claim 5 it is achieved that the same piercing direction is always observed over the entire hair part.

The development according to claim 8 causes the even hair transport to the piercing needle.

The development according to claim 10 ensures that, depending on the need, one or more hairs can be gripped by the piercing needle.

The development according to claim 11 ensures that the determined number of hair is ready for insertion.

The development according to claim 12 prevents hair from falling out when the hair supply is in a steep position.

The development according to claim 13 makes counting the hair easier.

Explanation of the invention

Fig. 1

eine erste Ausführungsform der Haarschneidemaschine in der Gesamtansicht.

Fig. 2

die geschnittene Ansicht des Gehäuses.

Fig. 3

die Stechkopfführung

Fig. 4

den Stechkopf.

Fig. 5

eine zweite Ausführungsform der Haarstechmaschine in Gesamtansicht und

Fig. 6

den Verstellmechanismus für die Positivform.

Two embodiments of the invention are explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. Show it

Fig. 1

a first embodiment of the hair clipper in the overall view.

Fig. 2

the sectional view of the housing.

Fig. 3

the stitch head guide

Fig. 4

the piercing head.

Fig. 5

a second embodiment of the hair piercing machine in overall view and

Fig. 6

the adjustment mechanism for the positive form.

In Fig. 1, the housing 1 is provided with a door 3 and closed on the top with the mounting plate 11. It is surmounted by a guide bend 9 for the piercing head 15 and the hair feed 31 firmly connected to it.

2 shows in more detail how the guide curve 9 runs through longitudinal bores 10a and 10b of the mounting plate 11. The ends of the guide arch 9 are firmly connected to the base plate 5 and sit in the recesses 9a and 9b of the base plate 5. The base plate 5 is supported by rollers 7 in roller guides 8 which are attached to the inside of the side frame parts 4. The drive 6, a stepping motor, moves the base plate 5 and thus also the guide bend 9 parallel to the base plate via the rack 6a arranged below the base plate 5. The control device (not shown) for all stepping motors, which converts the values coming from the computer system via cables and passes them on to all drives, is also accommodated in the housing 1. The rollers 7 can also be designed as gear wheels. In the center of the mounting plate 11, a holding device 12 is used to fix the positive mold 12a, for which quick-release fasteners with a corresponding counterpart on the positive mold 12a are suitable. The guide bend 9 projects so far over the positive form 12 a that the lancing head 15 (see FIG. 1) - in FIG. 2 only the lancing head rollers 16 are shown with sufficient clearance over the positive form 12 a along the guide bend 9.

The lancing head guide 13 is shown in more detail in FIG. 3. It consists of a sled-like part which is connected to the guide bend 9 via lancing head rollers 16 and is driven by the drive 14 for the lancing head guide 13.
A further drive 18 is arranged on the slide-like part, which ensures the movement of the piercing head arm 17 in the 2-axis direction. The profiled piercing arm 17 runs next to the guide bow 9 and always moves perpendicular to the tangent of the guide bow during the piercing process. It is therefore always directed directly onto the surface of an assembled positive mold 12 a.
The piercing arm 17 has toothed shafts 19 on both sides, in which the drive 18 for the piercing arm 17 engages.

List of reference numbers

1

- machine, hair pricking machine

2nd

- Casing

3rd

- Door on the front of the case

4th

- side frame parts of the housing

5

- base plate

6

- Drive for the base plate

6 a

- Rack for driving the base plate

7

- Roll

8th

- Guides

9

- Guide bow

9 a, b

- Storage of the ends of the guide arch

10 a, b

- elongated holes

11

- mounting plate

12th

- Holding device for positive form

12 a

- positive form

13

- Stab head guide

14

- Drive for the stitch head guide

15

- (Needle) piercing head

16

- lancing roller

17th

- piercing arm

18th

- Drive for the piercing arm

19th

- Waves for moving the cutter arm

20th

- Rotating head for swiveling the piercing head around the

A "- and the

B "axis

21

- Drive shaft for moving around

A "axis

22 a, b

- Gearbox to move around

A "axis

23

- Drive shaft for moving around

B "axis

24 a, b

- Gearbox to move around

B "axis

25th

- Retaining plate for piercing head, with ring gear

26

- proximity tester

27

- needle holder

28

- Eccentric drive

28 a

- Eccentric rod

28 b

- eccentric axis

28 c

- worm wheel

29

- needle

30th

- notch

31

- hair feeding

32

- distribution shaft

33

- endless double belt

34

- grooves

35

- Hair counting sensor

36

- Bundle sheet

37

- Support arm for the cutting head

38

- Cuff for positive shape

39

- Support arm for positive form

40

- Rack on the holding arm

41

- Gear for adjusting the height of the positive shape Z-axis

42

- Gearbox for tilting the support arm around the X axis

43

- Gearbox for tilting the support arm around the Y axis

44

- Drive for tilting the positive shape around the X axis

45

- Drive for tilting the positive form around the Y axis

46

- rubber sleeve

47

- Mounting holes (screws, rivets) for the axis of the gear 43

The basic idea of the invention comprises two solutions.

In the first solution, according to claim 2, the positive form is firmly mounted on the mounting plate and all movements are carried out by drives connected to the piercing needle.

In the second solution, according to claim 10, the kinematic reversal is realized in that only the lancing movement of the needle is triggered within the lancing needle head, but all other adjustments are made to the positive shape. The particular advantage of this solution lies in the fact that all the elements for producing the insertion position can be arranged in the housing of the hair-piercing machine and can be selected primarily according to the requirements of the precise positioning without regard to mass restrictions.

With the further blidings of the invention according to claims 11 and 19 it is achieved in each case that the same direction of insertion is always maintained over the entire hair part.

The development according to claim 19 causes the even hair transport to the piercing needle.

The development according to claim 20 prevents hair falling out, especially when the hair feeder is in a steep position.

The development according to claim 21 makes counting the hair easier.

The development according to claim 22 ensures that the determined number of hair is ready for insertion.

Explanation of the invention

Fig. 1

eine erste Ausführungsform der Haarstechmaschine in der Gesamtansicht

Fig. 2

die geschnittene Ansicht des Gehäuses

Fig. 3

die Stechkopfführung

Fig. 4

den Stechkopf

Fig. 5

eine zweite Ausführungsform der Haarstechmaschine in Gesamtansicht und

Fig. 6

den Verstellmechanismus für die Positivform.

Two embodiments of the invention are explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. Show it

Fig. 1

a first embodiment of the hair piercing machine in the overall view

Fig. 2

the sectional view of the housing

Fig. 3

the stitch head guide

Fig. 4

the piercing head

Fig. 5

a second embodiment of the hair piercing machine in overall view and

Fig. 6

the adjustment mechanism for the positive form.

In Fig. 1, the housing 1 is provided with a door 3 and closed on the top with the mounting plate 11. It is surmounted by a guide bow 9 for the piercing head 15 and the hair feeder 31 firmly connected to it.

Fig. 2 shows more precisely how the guide curve 9 runs through longitudinal bores 10 a and 10 b of the mounting plate 9. The ends of the guide arc 9 are firmly connected to the base plate 5 and sit in the recesses 9 a and 9 b of the base plate 5. The base plate 5 is supported by rollers 7 in roller guides 8 which are attached to the inside of the side frame parts 4. The drive 6, a stepper motor, moves over the rack 6 a arranged below the base plate 5, the base plate 5 and thus also the guide bend 9 parallel to the base plate. The housing 1 also houses the control device (not shown) for all stepping motors, which converts the values coming from the computer system via cables and forwards them to all drives. The rollers 7 can also be designed as gear wheels. In the center of the mounting plate 11, a holding device 12 is used to fix the positive mold 12 a, for which purpose quick-release fasteners with a corresponding counterpart on the Positive form 12 a are suitable. The guide arch 9 protrudes so far over the positive form 12 a that the piercing head 16 (see FIG. 1) - only the piercing head rollers 16 are shown in FIG. 2 - can be moved along the guide arch 9 with sufficient play above the positive mold 12 a.

The lancing head guide 13 is shown in more detail in FIG. 3. It consists of a sled-like part which is connected to the guide bend 9 via lancing head rollers 16 and is driven by the drive 14 for the lancing head guide 13. A further drive 18 is arranged on the slide-like part, which ensures the movement of the piercing head arm 17 in the Z-axis direction. The profiled piercing arm 17 runs next to the guide bow 9 and always moves perpendicular to the tangent of the guide bow 9 during the piercing process. It is therefore always directed directly onto the surface of an assembled positive mold 12 a. The piercing arm 17 has toothed shafts 19 on both sides, in which the drive 18 for the piercing arm 17 engages.

B". Danach wird die Position der Stechkopfführung 13 korrigiert. Der Drehkopf 20 ist am unteren Ende des Stechkopfarmes 17 gelagert. Zum Verschwenken der Halteplatte 25 um die ebenfalls sich ständig ändernde X-Achse, entsprechend der Drehrichtung A, dient der Antrieb mit Antriebswelle 21 und Getriebe 22 a und 22 b und 24 b. Die Antriebswelle 21 arbeitet über ein Schneckenrad 28 d mit der Halteplatte 25 zusammen. An der Halteplatte 25 sind mehrere Näherungsschalter 26 angeordnet. Mit ihnen wird die Neigung (Winkel der Tangente im Stechpunkt) und die Entfernung der Oberfläche der Positivform 12 a gemessen. Das Meßergebnis dient zum Verstellen und Ausrichten des Drehkopfes 20 und der Halteplatte 25 um die X- bzw. Y-Achse sowie des Stechkopfarmes 17 über der Positivform 12 a.4 shows the further configuration of the piercing head 15, which is directed toward the piercing needle 29. In order to take into account the non-rotationally symmetrical surface of the positive mold 12 a - the hairs are to be pierced exactly perpendicular to the surface (plane) at the puncture point - it is necessary that Align the piercing needle 29 with each piercing process. The swiveling of the rotary head 20 about the constantly changing Y-axis takes place through the drive shaft 23 provided in the rotary head 20 with the gear 24 a in accordance with the direction of rotation

The position of the lancing head guide 13 is then corrected. The rotary head 20 is mounted at the lower end of the lancing head arm 17. The drive with the drive shaft 21 serves to pivot the holding plate 25 about the likewise constantly changing X axis, corresponding to the direction of rotation A. and gears 22 a and 22 b and 24 b, the drive shaft 21 works via a worm wheel 28 d with the holding plate 25. Several proximity switches 26 are arranged on the holding plate 25. The inclination (angle of the tangent at the piercing point) and the Distance of the surface of the positive mold 12 a measured The measurement result is used to adjust and align the rotary head 20 and the holding plate 25 about the X or Y axis and the piercing head arm 17 above the positive mold 12 a.

A further drive with an eccentric gear 28 including eccentric rod 28 a and eccentric axis 28 b is arranged on the holding plate 25 for the lancing head 15, which acts directly on the needle holder 27 and triggers the actual lancing process. The needle holder 27 penetrates with its upper narrow neck piece the holding plate in the bore 28 c and thereby receives its guidance during the downward movement. The needle 29, the free end of which is designed as a groove 30, is inserted into the needle holder 27 with a quick-release fastener in order to grasp one or more hairs.

The hair feeder 31 consists of a distributor shaft 32 into which the hair is inserted in bundles and in which the hair is connected by a distribution arrangement, not shown, e.g. B. by counter-rotating rubber rollers, the endless belt device 33 are fed individually. The endless belt device 33 consists of at least two endless belts, each provided with grooves 34 for one hair each. Two endless belts are arranged directly next to one another in such a way that the piercing needle 29 fits between them during the piercing process. The hair lies on the endless device 33 such that the root end of the hair facing the piercing needle 29 projects above the endless device 33 by about 2 cm.

A sensor 35 is provided in the immediate vicinity of the needle 29 and counts the hair. If, for example, not just one hair, but two or more hairs are to be pierced at the same time, the bundle plate 36 arranged at the end of the endless device 33 holds the hair open until the desired number is reached. The hair jammed in the bundle is then gripped together by the notch 30 of the needle 29. The bundle plate 36 bent over at the front end of the endless device 33 is guided towards the distributor shaft as a cover in order to ensure that the hair is held in the grooves even when the hair feeder 31 is not in a horizontal position.

In the case of the second embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 6, the housing 2 of the hair-piercing machine 1 looks largely like the housing of the first embodiment (FIG. 1). Instead of the guide bow 9 (Fig. 1, 2), however, the encapsulated lancing head 15 is fixed with the angled holding arm 37, and arranged laterally from him, such that the piercing needle fits between the end of the endless double belt 33 of the hair feeder 31 when piercing. Both the hair feeder 31 with the bundle plate 36 and the distribution chess 32 are also arranged fixedly on the holding arm 37.

The elements described in connection with the first exemplary embodiment are used for the machine-operated lancing process (needle holder 27, eccentric drive 28, eccentric rod 28 a, eccentric axis 28 b and needle 29, FIG. 4). Further elements, in particular the various drives, are integrated in the piercing head housing, so that it has smaller dimensions than the movable design according to the first exemplary embodiment.

The positive mold 12 a is releasably connected to the drives 44 and 45 (FIG. 6), which are hidden by the sleeve 46, by means of a quick-release fastener (not shown). Although it can only be used once, it must consist of hard but light material, which is not cheap. It is therefore advantageous to design the positive mold 12 a as a stump firmly connected to the drives 44 and 45, on which a positive shell, onto which the hair piece to be bridged is fitted, can be held immovably with known closure means, using the division of the Positive form 12 a in positive stump and positive shell is achieved so that the positive shell can consist of cheap material (e.g. plaster), while for the positive stump, which forms a permanent part of the adjustment device, the most suitable material can be chosen without considering the cheapness. To ensure that the positive shell can always be used in the same position on the positive stump, interlocking profiles are provided at the points of contact between the positive shell and the positive stump.

The adjustment means for the position of the positive mold 12 a (or for the positive stump, which also applies to the other versions) are shown in FIG. 6. With the drives 44 and 45, each consisting of stepper motor and gearbox, the positive mold 12 a can be tilted around the X-axis and the Y-axis. These movements are necessary when the puncture plane at the puncture point, e.g. B. in the case of bumps in the head shape of the hairpiece wearer is not perpendicular to the piercing needle and must therefore be corrected.

A support arm 39 is provided for swiveling the positive mold 12 a including the drives 44 and 45 with a larger radius. It connects the drives 44 and 45 at the required distance to the gear 42 including the adjusting motor for adjusting the height of the positive mold 12 a. The support arm 39 has a rack and is guided in the housing for the gear 41.

With the gear 41 including stepping motor, the distance between the positive form 12 a and the piercing needle can be changed by the support arm 39 can be moved in the Z-axis, corresponding to the respective direction of the piercing needle.

D" gekippt werden kann. Auf das Getriebe 42 wirkt schließlich das Getriebe 43 einschließlich Schrittschaltmotor ein, um die gesamte Anordnung (Getriebe 42 bis Positivform 12 a) um die Y-Achse, also in Drehrichtung

E" zu kippen. Die Verstellachse des Getriebes 44 ist am Gehäuse 2 befestigt, vergl. 47 in Fig. 5, so daß der Motor des Getriebes 43 jeweils mitgekippt wird.The housing for the gear 41 is firmly connected to a further gear 42 including a stepping motor, as a result of which the support arm 39 with the other elements connected to it (positive form 12 a, drives 44 and 45) about the X axis, that is to say in the direction of rotation

D "can be tilted. Finally, the gear 43, including the stepping motor, acts on the gear 42, around the entire arrangement (gear 42 to positive shape 12 a) about the Y axis, that is to say in the direction of rotation

The adjustment axis of the gear 44 is fastened to the housing 2, see FIG. 47 in FIG. 5, so that the motor of the gear 43 is also tilted.

In operation of the hair piercing machine 1, the surface of the positive mold 12 a is first optically scanned and the data, including the size and position of the hair part and the density of the hair, are stored in an EDP system. The data, in combination with a special program, provide a three-dimensional image of the hair part on the head and are fed to the hair-piercing machine 1, specifically to the computing device arranged there in the housing 1, which calculates the data for controlling all stepping motors.

Claims (25)

2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized a) by means of a guide arch (9) on which the piercing head (15) holding the piercing needle can be moved, b) whose (guide arc) ends (9 a, 9 b) penetrate the mounting plate (11) vertically in longitudinal bores (10 a, 10 b) and are fixed with a base plate (5) which is displaceable in the housing (2) of the machine (1) are connected, and c) which also extends beyond the mounting plate (11) to such an extent that it encloses a positive mold (12 a) attached to it with a defined distance, d) by a piercing needle (29), which is movable in addition to the guide arch (9) in the direction of the positive form (12 a) u. e) by drives (6, 14, 18, 28) for moving the guide arch (9) along the longitudinal bores (10 a, 10 b) and the piercing needle (29) along the guide arch (9) and in the direction of the positive mold (12 a) (Fig. 1 to 4). 3. Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that on the inside of the side frame parts (4) of the housing (2) for the by a stepper motor (6) driven rollers or gears (7) of the base plate (5) guides (8) are provided are. 4. Machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the piercing needle holder (27) is connected to a piercing head arm (17) which is mounted so as to be longitudinally movable in a piercing head guide (13). 5. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the lancing head guide (13) is mounted on lancing head rollers (16). 6. Machine according to claim 5, characterized in that between the piercing head arm (17) and piercing needle holder (27) a rotary head (20) is provided, over the two axes of rotation (21, 23) of the piercing needle holder (27) around which in addition to the piercing head axis (Z ) another two spatial axes (X, Y) is pivotable. 7. Machine according to claim 6, characterized in that an eccentric drive (28, 28 a, 28 b) is provided between the rotary head (20) and the piercing needle holder (27). 8. Machine claim 7, characterized in that the eccentric drive (28, 28 a, 28 b) is mounted on a holding plate (25) and the piercing needle holder (27) is guided in the holding plate (25). 9. Machine claim 7 or 8, characterized in that through the rotary head (20) extending gear axis (21) for adjusting the needle direction about the Y axis (pivoting of the needle holder 27 in the direction of rotation

A ") engages within the rotary head (20) on a worm wheel 28 d of the holding plate (20). 10. Machine one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the holding plate (25) has a proximity switch (26) which measures the distance and the angular position of the puncture point. 11. Machine according to claim 1, characterized by a fixed above the mounting plate (13) piercing head (15) and by a high-deep and tiltable positive mold (12a) (Fig. 5 and 6). 12. Machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the positive form (12 a) with one end of a height-adjustable, a sprocket (40) having support arms (39) is connected, the other (lower) end in a gear (41) for the height adjustment of the support arm (39) is stored. 13. Machine according to claim 12, characterized in that the gear (41) for the height adjustment of the support arm (39) with a further gear (42) for tilting the support arm (39) about the X axis (direction of rotation

D ") is connected. 14. Machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the further gear (42) for tilting the height-adjustable support arm (39) about the X axis (direction of rotation

D ") is connected to a third gear (43) through which the support arm (39) about the Y axis (direction of rotation

E ") can be tilted and is held on the side walls of the housing (2). 15. Machine according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized by a gear arrangement (44, 45) between the positive form (12 a) and the support arm (39). 16. Machine according to claim 15, characterized in that the gear arrangement (44, 45) consists of two drives (44, 45) which are firmly connected to one another and which tilt the positive mold (12 a) both about the X axis (direction of rotation

F ") as well as around the Y axis (direction of rotation

G "). 17. Machine according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that a rubber collar (46) is provided between the positive mold (12 a) and the mounting plate (11). 18. Machine according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the piercing head (15) is attached laterally from the angled holding arm (37) over the positive mold (12 a) and has a proximity switch which measures the distance and angular position of the puncture site. 19. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the hair feeder (31), consisting of a distributor shaft (32) for the hair and a conveyor belt device (33), is arranged so that its free end below the Piercing needle (29) ends. 20. Machine according to claim 19, characterized in that the conveyor belt device (33) contains at least two individual belts, each having grooves (34) for one hair each. 21. Machine according to claim 19 and 20, characterized in that the conveyor belt device (33) has a sensor (35) for counting the hair. 22. Machine according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the conveyor belt device (33) is covered by a sheet (36) which is bent downwards at its free end to bundle the hair. 23. Machine according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the distributor shaft (32) has a device, for. B. against each other running rubber rollers for dividing the bundles of hair and inserting the individual hair in the grooves (34) of the conveyor belt device (33). 24. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the positive mold consists of a firmly mounted stump (positive stump) and a form-fitting and acceptable shell (positive shell). 25. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the positive shell consists of cheap non-hard material (eg Gibs) and the positive stump consists of solid plastic. 26. Machine according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that interlocking profiles are provided on the contact surfaces of the positive shell and positive stump.

Images