EP0811736A1 - Armature de maçonnerie - Google Patents

Armature de maçonnerie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0811736A1
EP0811736A1 EP97303835A EP97303835A EP0811736A1 EP 0811736 A1 EP0811736 A1 EP 0811736A1 EP 97303835 A EP97303835 A EP 97303835A EP 97303835 A EP97303835 A EP 97303835A EP 0811736 A1 EP0811736 A1 EP 0811736A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reinforcement
groove
central core
masonry
slot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97303835A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0811736B1 (fr
Inventor
William George Edscer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0811736A1 publication Critical patent/EP0811736A1/fr
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Publication of EP0811736B1 publication Critical patent/EP0811736B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of reinforcing a masonry structure such as a solid wall, cavity wall, arch, bridge, chimney or viaduct, and to a reinforcement for use in such a method.
  • Masonry and like materials are generally strong in compression but weak in tension and are therefore used in structures where there is substantially no tensile loading.
  • masonry is appropriate for the construction of buildings where the forces are essentially vertical and compressive. It is necessary however to provide beams in the form of lintels over doors, windows and other openings.
  • Buildings and other masonry structures may suffer damage from a variety of structural failures, both above and below ground level, for example lintel failure, subsidence, thermal movement, differential movement, physical damage and design faults. This can cause a loss of support in some areas and result in tensile forces within the masonry. As the masonry is unable to withstand the tensile forces, cracks will form above the unsupported areas.
  • the reinforcement usually consists of a bar or reinforcement of steel or similar material strong in tension.
  • the rod or bar may be circular or rectangular in cross section and may include ridges or have a roughened surface to help retain it in a bonding material.
  • the reinforcement is glued or bonded into position with resin cementitious mortars, wedges, plastic bonding agents or similar substances. This allows the tensile qualities of the reinforcement to be transferred to the masonry. This provides tensile restraint of the masonry, and may be used to provide a composite masonry/reinforcement beam which acts to support or transfer loads imposed upon it.
  • a hole or groove is cut to accommodate the reinforcement.
  • the width of the groove may deviate from the desired dimensions, or may not be uniform.
  • a reinforcement for insertion into a slot, groove or hole in a masonry structure, the reinforcement including a central elongate core and a plurality of spacers on the central core for holding the central core away from the edges of the slot, groove or hole.
  • each spacer includes one or more projections extending radially outwards away from the central core.
  • the projections may be relatively sharp such that they tend to snag against the edges of the slot, groove or hole, thus keeping the reinforcement firmly in place.
  • the spacers may consist of pieces of wire, which may be stainless steel, twisted around the central core such that the ends of the wire form projecting tails.
  • the spacers may include projections located such that when the reinforcement is positioned in a horizontal slot, groove or hole its maximum vertical height varies as it is twisted about its axis.
  • the reinforcement may be twisted until it is tightly positioned in any of a number of grooves of varying thicknesses.
  • each spacer may include two projections approximately diametrically opposed to one another.
  • the reinforcement When the reinforcement is to be inserted into a relatively narrow horizontal groove, it is positioned such that the projections extend horizontally away from the central core.
  • the reinforcement When the reinforcement is to be inserted in a relatively wide horizontal groove, it is positioned such that the projections extend vertically.
  • the reinforcement can be twisted by a varying amount depending on the thickness of the groove, such that the reinforcement is always held firmly within the groove.
  • the reinforcement may include spacers having three, four or more projections located around the perimeter of the central core, to ensure that the core always lies away from the edge of a slot, groove or hole.
  • the central core may be solid or hollow, of straight or twisted shape, and may have a roughened or ridged surface to increase adhesion between the central core and a bonding material.
  • the reinforcement may also be damaged as it is forced into the groove.
  • the invention overcomes this problem as it is only the spacers which contact the edges of the groove.
  • a further advantage of the spacers is that they increase the bonding force in a direction along the length of the reinforcement. They engage the bonding material and make it much more difficult to pull the reinforcement longitudinally out of the bonding material.
  • a method of reinforcing a masonry structure by positioning a reinforcement in a slot, groove or hole in the masonry structure, wherein the reinforcement is as previously defined.
  • the spacers may be attached to the central core before or after the central core is inserted into the masonry structure.
  • More than one reinforcement may be inserted in a single groove.
  • the spacers then prevent the central cores touching and allow the bonding material to surround the reinforcement.
  • the reinforcement may be surrounded by a flexible sheathing material.
  • the reinforcements may be lapped, and in this case the reinforcing bars must be kept apart in order to allow the bonding material to surround the reinforcement.
  • the reinforcements may be tensioned after insertion into the slot, groove or hole.
  • a reinforcement 1 according to the invention includes a central core 2, the diameter of which varies according to the intended use. Diameters of between 2mm and 6mm are typical.
  • a piece of stainless steel wire 3 Around the central core 2 is twisted a piece of stainless steel wire 3. The ends of the wire protrude radially from the reinforcement to form tails 4.
  • Figure 2 shows the reinforcement 1 inserted into a relatively narrow groove 5.
  • the reinforcement 1 is inserted with the tails 4 in a horizontal direction.
  • the groove is filled with bonding material 6 which is preferably thixotropic and hardens irreversibly thus bonding the reinforcement 1 within the structure.
  • the width of the stainless steel wire 3 is sufficient to support the central core in the groove such that it does not rest on the bottom or touch the top of the groove 5 even if there are irregularities in the shape or height of the groove. Because the central core is held away from the edges of the groove by the wire 3, the bonding material flows all around the central core and forms a strong bond.
  • Figure 3 shows a bar 1 according to the invention in a somewhat wider groove 7.
  • the bar 1 is twisted so that the tails 4 are no longer horizontal, but protrude almost vertically to jam against the upper and lower faces of the groove as the reinforcement is pushed into the groove.
  • the reinforcement 1 is thus secured in the correct position and is suspended away from the upper and lower faces of the groove allowing the bonding material to flow around and to surround the reinforcement.
  • the tails 4 hold the reinforcement firmly in place and prevent it from springing out of the groove as other parts of the reinforcement are being inserted.
  • a tail 4 of the wire 3 may be extended to form a tie between two reinforcements for use in the two leaves of a cavity wall. It is often necessary to tie together the two leaves in this way to increase stability.
  • Figure 5 shows the extension of the wire 3 to wrap around a further central core, forming a join between a horizontal and vertical reinforcement.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show a reinforcement having a spacer with an extended tail used as a bracket 8.
  • the fixing of brackets to masonry structures can be difficult and this method is advantageous because it fixes the bracket securely to the reinforcement, which is held firmly within the masonry structure.
  • Figure 8 shows a reinforcement including a spacer having four tails 4. Such spacers are particularly advantageous when the reinforcement is to be inserted in a hole 9 rather than a groove or slot.
  • the reinforcements 1 are preferably inserted into a groove by fitting an insertion tool to a protruding tail 4, moving the reinforcement into position at the edge of a groove and tapping lightly with a hammer or similar instrument, moving along the length of the reinforcement.
  • the reinforcement may be inserted into the inner leaf of a cavity wall by cutting through the outer leaf and making a groove in the inner leaf.
  • An insertion tool is used to move the reinforcement through the cut in the outer leaf and to insert it into the groove in the inner leaf.
  • the number of reinforcing bars inserted into one groove may vary according to the requirements of the design and the thickness of the wall.
  • the wire loops and tails prevent the central cores 2 of the bars 1 from touching one another and ensure that the bond material flows around the full perimeter of the central core.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
EP97303835A 1996-06-04 1997-06-04 Armature de maçonnerie Expired - Lifetime EP0811736B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9611641.3A GB9611641D0 (en) 1996-06-04 1996-06-04 Method of positioning retrospective reinforcement in masonry structures
GB9611641 1996-06-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0811736A1 true EP0811736A1 (fr) 1997-12-10
EP0811736B1 EP0811736B1 (fr) 2003-09-03

Family

ID=10794731

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97303835A Expired - Lifetime EP0811736B1 (fr) 1996-06-04 1997-06-04 Armature de maçonnerie

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0811736B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE248971T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69724514T2 (fr)
GB (2) GB9611641D0 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1260648A1 (fr) * 2001-03-16 2002-11-27 Maurizio Piazza Procédé pour la production d'une poutre renforcée en bois et une telle poutre renforcée

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2569186B (en) * 2017-12-11 2020-02-05 George Edscer William Method for the reinforcement of masonry structures

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1135748A (fr) * 1954-11-24 1957-05-03 Chevalet-fixe pour le béton armé
FR1358698A (fr) * 1963-04-06 1964-04-17 Avi Alpenlaendische Vered élément d'armature et procédé pour le fabriquer
DE1940423A1 (de) * 1969-06-12 1970-12-17 Aldo Spirito Draht bzw. Drahtseil zur Herstellung von vorgespanntem,armiertem Beton
GB2137273A (en) * 1983-03-30 1984-10-03 Alan Geoffrey Barnett Improvements in or relating to wall ties
EP0241708A2 (fr) * 1986-03-15 1987-10-21 International Intec Patent Holding Establishment Douille d'ancrage à injection à insérer dans des trous préforés
EP0351668A1 (fr) * 1988-07-15 1990-01-24 Mächtle GmbH Goujon pour façades
EP0494099A2 (fr) * 1984-07-31 1992-07-08 OLLIS, William John Bernard Renforcement de murs

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2249120B (en) * 1991-01-26 1993-04-07 Executive Insulation Structural repair process
EP0845063B1 (fr) * 1995-08-18 2002-06-19 Protec Industrial Ltd. Reinforcement de structures de ma onnerie

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1135748A (fr) * 1954-11-24 1957-05-03 Chevalet-fixe pour le béton armé
FR1358698A (fr) * 1963-04-06 1964-04-17 Avi Alpenlaendische Vered élément d'armature et procédé pour le fabriquer
DE1940423A1 (de) * 1969-06-12 1970-12-17 Aldo Spirito Draht bzw. Drahtseil zur Herstellung von vorgespanntem,armiertem Beton
GB2137273A (en) * 1983-03-30 1984-10-03 Alan Geoffrey Barnett Improvements in or relating to wall ties
EP0494099A2 (fr) * 1984-07-31 1992-07-08 OLLIS, William John Bernard Renforcement de murs
EP0241708A2 (fr) * 1986-03-15 1987-10-21 International Intec Patent Holding Establishment Douille d'ancrage à injection à insérer dans des trous préforés
EP0351668A1 (fr) * 1988-07-15 1990-01-24 Mächtle GmbH Goujon pour façades

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1260648A1 (fr) * 2001-03-16 2002-11-27 Maurizio Piazza Procédé pour la production d'une poutre renforcée en bois et une telle poutre renforcée

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9711488D0 (en) 1997-07-30
EP0811736B1 (fr) 2003-09-03
GB2313872B (en) 2000-09-27
DE69724514D1 (de) 2003-10-09
GB2313872A (en) 1997-12-10
DE69724514T2 (de) 2004-07-01
ATE248971T1 (de) 2003-09-15
GB9611641D0 (en) 1996-08-07

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