EP0809733B1 - A spunlace material with high bulk and high absorption capacity and a method for producing such a material - Google Patents

A spunlace material with high bulk and high absorption capacity and a method for producing such a material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0809733B1
EP0809733B1 EP96903324A EP96903324A EP0809733B1 EP 0809733 B1 EP0809733 B1 EP 0809733B1 EP 96903324 A EP96903324 A EP 96903324A EP 96903324 A EP96903324 A EP 96903324A EP 0809733 B1 EP0809733 B1 EP 0809733B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
weight
chemical
wet
pulp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96903324A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0809733A1 (en
Inventor
Lennart Reiner
Ulf Holm
Gerhard Lammers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Essity Hygiene and Health AB
Original Assignee
SCA Hygiene Products AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SCA Hygiene Products AB filed Critical SCA Hygiene Products AB
Publication of EP0809733A1 publication Critical patent/EP0809733A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0809733B1 publication Critical patent/EP0809733B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D21H11/10—Mixtures of chemical and mechanical pulp
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D21H11/16—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only modified by a particular after-treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/005—Mechanical treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/689—Hydroentangled nonwoven fabric

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a nonwoven material produced by hydro-entanglement of a wet- or foam-formed fibre web.
  • Hydro-entanglement or spunlacing is a method which was introduced in the 1970s, see for example Canadian patent no.841,938.
  • the method involves forming either a dry-laid or wet-laid fibre web, whereafter the fibres are entangled by means of very fine water jets under high pressure. A plurality of rows of water jets are directed towards the fibre web which is carried on a moving wire. The entangled web is thereafter dried.
  • Those fibres which are used in the material can be synthetic or regenerated staple fibres, e.g. polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, rayon and the like, pulp fibres or a mixture of pulp fibres and staple fibres.
  • Spunlace material can be produced to a high quality at reasonable cost and display high absorption capability. They are used inter alia as wiping materials for household or industrial applications, as disposable materials within health care, etc.
  • the pulp fibres used in spunlace materials are mainly chemically exposed softwood pulp from different kinds of wood.
  • the use of chemically exposed hardwood pulp and pulp produced from recycled fibres is also described in the literature, see EP-A-0,492,554.
  • Chemical pulp is produced by impregnating wood chips with chemicals and by subsequent boiling of the chips so that lignin, resins and hemicellulose are transferred to the boiling liquid. When the boiling is completed, the pulp is filtered and washed before it is bleached.
  • the lignin content of such pulp is very close to zero and the fibres, which essentially consist of pure cellulose, are relatively long and slender.
  • the fibres show a certain degree of flexibility, which is an advantage when the fibres are entangled by the hydro-entanglement process.
  • the cellulose in the fibres form hydrogen bonds, which increases the strength of the finished material. A high degree of hydrogen bonding of the material does, however, impair the softness and decrease the bulk of the material.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce a spunlace material which presents improved absorption properties, softness and bulk.
  • this is accomplished with a material containing at least 5%, by weight of the total fibre weight, of wood pulp of chemical-thermomechanical type which has been mixed with chemical pulp fibres, vegetable fibres, synthetic fibres or regenerated cellulosic fibres in a wet- or foam-formed fibre web which has been hydro-entangled with sufficient energy to produce a dense, absorbent material.
  • the proportion of pulp fibres of chemical-thermomechanical type should be at least 5 and preferably at least 10 % by weight of the total fibre weight.
  • the material may additionally contain a wet strength agent or a binding agent.
  • the invention is also directed to a method for producing the nonwoven material in question.
  • Fig. 1 shows in the form of a diagram the effect of the CTMP on the bulk and the total water absorption for some foam-formed spunlace materials.
  • the spunlace material according to the invention contains at least 5%, by weight of the total fibre weight, of pulp fibres of chemical-thermomechanical type.
  • TMP thermomechanical pulp
  • thermomechanical pulp can be modified by addition of small amounts of chemicals, usually sulphite, which are added before the refining. Such pulp is referred to as chemical-mechanical pulp (CMP) or chemical-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP).
  • CMP chemical-mechanical pulp
  • CTMP chemical-thermomechanical pulp
  • An effect of the chemical treatment is that the fibres are more readily exposed.
  • a chemical-mechanical or chemical-thermomechanical pulp contains more unbroken fibres and less shives (fibre aggregates) than a mechanical or thermomechanical pulp.
  • the properties of the chemical-mechanical or chemical-thermomechanical pulps are close to those of the chemical pulps, but some essential differences exist, i.a.
  • the fibres in chemical-mechanical and chemical-thermomechanical pulp are coarser and contain a high proportion of lignin, resins and hemi-cellulose.
  • the lignin gives the fibres more hydrophobic properties and a decreased ability to form hydrogen bonds.
  • the spunlace material may only contain fibres of the above mentioned kind, it preferably further contains other kinds of fibres, such as chemical pulp fibres, vegetable fibres, synthetic fibres and/or regenerated cellulosic fibres, i.e. viscose or rayon. In this manner, the tensile strength of the material is increased.
  • suitable synthetic fibres are polyester, polypropylene, and polyamide.
  • Examples of vegetable fibres which can be used are leaf fibres such as abaca, pineapple and phormium tenax, bast fibres such as flax, hemp and ramie and seed hair fibres such as cotton, kapok and milkweed.
  • a dispersion agent for example a mixture of 75% bis(hydro-generated tallow-alkyl)dimethyl ammonium chloride and 25% propylene glycol. This is described in greater detail in Swedish patent application no.9403618-3.
  • the invention comprises wet- or foam-forming of a fibre web containing the desired fibre blend and dewatering of the web on a wire.
  • foam-forming the fibres are dispersed in a foamed liquid containing a foam-forming surfactant and water, whereafter the fibre dispersion is dewatered on a wire in a manner corresponding to that used in connection with wet-forming.
  • An example of a suitable such foam-forming process is found in Swedish patent application no. 9402470-0.
  • the fibre web formed in this manner is exposed to hydro-entanglement with an energy input which may suitably lie in the range of 200-800 kWh/ton.
  • the hydro-entanglement is carried out by conventional techniques and using equipment supplied by machine manufacturers.
  • the material is pressed and dried and is rolled up.
  • the finished material is then converted by known methods into a suitable size, and is then packed.
  • Materials produced according to the invention have sufficiently good strength properties to enable them to be used as wiping materials, even in applications where comparatively high wet strengths are required.
  • a suitable binding agent, or a wet strength agent by impregnating, spraying, film application or other suitable method of application, the properties of the material can be further improved.
  • the binding agent or wet strength agent can either be added to the hydro-entangled material, or to the fibre stock before wet- or foam-forming of the fibre web.
  • the material may be used as wiping material for household purposes or for large quantity consumers such as workshops, industries, hospitals and other public establishments. Due to its softness it is also suitable as disposable material within the health care sector, for example operation gowns, drapes, and the like. Due to its high absorption capacity, it is further highly suitable as a component in absorption products such as sanitary napkins, panty liners, diapers, incontinence-products, bed protectors, wound dressings, compresses and the like.
  • CTMP-fibres consisted of commercially available chemical-thermomechanical pulp produced from softwood.
  • the chemical pulp fibres consisted of bleached chemical softwood pulp.
  • the synthetic fibres that were used consisted of polyester of 1.7 dtex x 12.7 mm and polypropylene 1.4 dtex x 18 mm, respectively.
  • Fibre webs were either produced by wet-forming or by foam-forming and were subsequently hydro-entangled with an energy input of about 600 kWh/ton, were slightly pressed and dried by through-blowing at 130°. The properties of the materials are presented below in Table 1, with the accompanying Fig. 1.
  • the results show that the bulk and the absorption capacity of the materials were notably increased with increasing admixture of CTMP-fibres.
  • the materials were further perceived as being softer.
  • the strength of the materials did, however, fall with increasing admixture of CTMP-fibres.
  • these strength values are, however, totally sufficient and as mentioned above, the tensile strength can be increased by addition of a wet strength agent or a binding agent, preferably in an amount corresponding to between 0.1 and 10 % by weight, and most preferably between 0.2 and 5 % by weight calculated on the total weight of the material.
EP96903324A 1995-02-17 1996-02-15 A spunlace material with high bulk and high absorption capacity and a method for producing such a material Expired - Lifetime EP0809733B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9500585A SE504030C2 (sv) 1995-02-17 1995-02-17 Spunlacematerial med hög bulk och absorptionsförmåga samt förfarande för dess framställning
SE9500585 1995-02-17
PCT/SE1996/000200 WO1996025556A1 (en) 1995-02-17 1996-02-15 A spunlace material with high bulk and high absorption capacity and a method for producing such a material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0809733A1 EP0809733A1 (en) 1997-12-03
EP0809733B1 true EP0809733B1 (en) 1999-05-26

Family

ID=20397260

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96903324A Expired - Lifetime EP0809733B1 (en) 1995-02-17 1996-02-15 A spunlace material with high bulk and high absorption capacity and a method for producing such a material

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US6017833A (no)
EP (1) EP0809733B1 (no)
JP (1) JPH11500190A (no)
CN (1) CN1070944C (no)
AT (1) ATE180524T1 (no)
AU (1) AU700394B2 (no)
CA (1) CA2213228A1 (no)
DE (1) DE69602584T2 (no)
DK (1) DK0809733T3 (no)
ES (1) ES2134589T3 (no)
GR (1) GR3031036T3 (no)
NO (1) NO973749L (no)
SE (1) SE504030C2 (no)
TW (1) TW315393B (no)
WO (1) WO1996025556A1 (no)
ZA (1) ZA961252B (no)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6177370B1 (en) 1998-09-29 2001-01-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fabric
US6612258B2 (en) * 2000-10-26 2003-09-02 Cargill, Limited Animal bedding and method for making same
US20050279473A1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2005-12-22 Westland John A Fibers for spunlaced products
US20050278912A1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2005-12-22 Westland John A Hydroentangling process
US7811613B2 (en) * 2005-06-23 2010-10-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Individualized trichomes and products employing same
US7669292B2 (en) * 2007-05-23 2010-03-02 Wade Chute Decortication process
CA2695990C (en) 2007-08-10 2018-01-02 Little Busy Bodies, Inc. Saline nose wipe and methods of manufacture and use
US9394637B2 (en) 2012-12-13 2016-07-19 Jacob Holm & Sons Ag Method for production of a hydroentangled airlaid web and products obtained therefrom
FI126474B (en) 2014-11-24 2016-12-30 Paptic Oy Fiber sheets and structures comprising fiber sheets
AU2016350780B2 (en) 2015-11-03 2020-09-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Paper tissue with high bulk and low lint
RU2705616C1 (ru) 2016-09-01 2019-11-11 Эссити Хайджин Энд Хелт Актиеболаг Способ получения нетканого материала
US11015292B2 (en) 2016-09-01 2021-05-25 Essity Hygiene And Health Aktiebolag Process and apparatus for wetlaying nonwovens
MX2020004101A (es) 2017-11-29 2020-07-24 Kimberly Clark Co Lamina fibrosa con propiedades mejoradas.
CN109023708A (zh) * 2018-07-03 2018-12-18 安徽宜民服饰股份有限公司 一种强吸油型复合纤维水刺无纺布的加工工艺
WO2020023027A1 (en) 2018-07-25 2020-01-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for making three-dimensional foam-laid nonwovens
EP4076317A4 (en) * 2019-12-20 2023-07-19 Essity Hygiene and Health Aktiebolag ABSORBENT HYGIENIC ARTICLE FOR THE ABSORPTION OF BODY FLUIDS
BR112022009656A2 (pt) * 2019-12-20 2022-08-16 Essity Hygiene & Health Ab Artigo higiênico absorvente

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA841938A (en) * 1970-05-19 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for producing a nonwoven web
CA1318115C (en) * 1988-10-05 1993-05-25 Hugo P. Watts Hydraulically entangled wet laid base sheets for wipes
US5607546A (en) * 1990-02-13 1997-03-04 Molnlycke Ab CTMP-process
SE500524C2 (sv) * 1990-09-12 1994-07-11 Eka Nobel Ab Mjukt papper med hög styrka samt förfarande för dess framställning
CA2048905C (en) * 1990-12-21 1998-08-11 Cherie H. Everhart High pulp content nonwoven composite fabric
SE9402101L (sv) * 1994-06-15 1995-12-16 Moelnlycke Ab Lättavvattnad, bulkig, kemimekanisk massa med låg spet- och finmaterialhalt
TW288061B (no) * 1994-07-13 1996-10-11 Molnyche Ab
DE4426947C1 (de) * 1994-07-29 1995-11-02 Dyckerhoff Christoph Vorrichtung zur Entgiftung von Abgasen
SE503606C2 (sv) * 1994-10-24 1996-07-15 Moelnlycke Ab Nonwovenmaterial innehållande en blandning av massafibrer och långa hydrofila växtfibrer samt förfarande för framställning av nonwovenmaterialet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0809733T3 (da) 1999-11-08
CN1137585A (zh) 1996-12-11
SE9500585L (sv) 1996-08-18
AU4736996A (en) 1996-09-04
ATE180524T1 (de) 1999-06-15
TW315393B (no) 1997-09-11
US6017833A (en) 2000-01-25
DE69602584D1 (de) 1999-07-01
AU700394B2 (en) 1999-01-07
WO1996025556A1 (en) 1996-08-22
JPH11500190A (ja) 1999-01-06
GR3031036T3 (en) 1999-12-31
SE504030C2 (sv) 1996-10-21
CN1070944C (zh) 2001-09-12
EP0809733A1 (en) 1997-12-03
ES2134589T3 (es) 1999-10-01
SE9500585D0 (sv) 1995-02-17
NO973749D0 (no) 1997-08-14
NO973749L (no) 1997-10-06
CA2213228A1 (en) 1996-08-22
ZA961252B (en) 1996-08-27
DE69602584T2 (de) 1999-11-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0809733B1 (en) A spunlace material with high bulk and high absorption capacity and a method for producing such a material
EP0788569B1 (en) Nonwoven material containing a mixture of pulp fibres and long hydrophilic plant fibres and a method of producing the nonwoven material
EP0602881B1 (en) Wet wipe
KR100789793B1 (ko) 수해성 시트 및 그 제조 방법
CA1251978A (en) Fibrous webs of enhanced bulk and method of manufacturing same
CA2915297C (en) Methods for forming fluff pulp sheets
US4247362A (en) High yield fiber sheets
US6080466A (en) Composite sheets for wiping cloths
US6059924A (en) Fluffed pulp and method of production
EP3464723B1 (en) Method of producing a fibrous web
US20030111195A1 (en) Method and system for manufacturing tissue products, and products produced thereby
AU625299B2 (en) Pulp treatment methods
JPH0360960B2 (no)
CA2213809A1 (en) Method for producing a spunlace material with increased wet strength and spunlace material according to the method
WO2019035022A1 (en) SILK PAPER ARTICLES AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME
RU2735609C1 (ru) Вспененные волокнистые листы с извитыми штапельными волокнами
US20230250586A1 (en) Absorbent Product with Improved Capillary Pressure and Saturation Capacity
JP2004143653A (ja) 多糖で処理されたセルロース繊維

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19970819

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LI NL PT

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19971212

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: SCA HYGIENE PRODUCTS AB

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LI NL PT

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 180524

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19990615

Kind code of ref document: T

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: BOVARD AG PATENTANWAELTE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69602584

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19990701

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

ET Fr: translation filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2134589

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 19990805

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20010118

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20010213

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20010221

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20010223

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20010226

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20010228

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20010313

Year of fee payment: 6

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020215

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020215

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020228

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020228

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020228

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020228

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: SCA HYGIENE PRODUCTS A.B.

Effective date: 20020228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020831

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020909

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Free format text: LAPSE DUE TO NON-PAYMENT OF FEES

Effective date: 20020831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20040123

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20040130

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20040216

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20040223

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20040225

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050215

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050215

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050216

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050901

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050901

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20050215

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051031

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20050901

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20051031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20050216