EP0809258B1 - Elektrische Leitungsader, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie flexibles elektrisches Kabel - Google Patents
Elektrische Leitungsader, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie flexibles elektrisches Kabel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0809258B1 EP0809258B1 EP97107614A EP97107614A EP0809258B1 EP 0809258 B1 EP0809258 B1 EP 0809258B1 EP 97107614 A EP97107614 A EP 97107614A EP 97107614 A EP97107614 A EP 97107614A EP 0809258 B1 EP0809258 B1 EP 0809258B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conductor
- insulation
- cable
- core according
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002955 Art silk Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
- H01B7/0275—Disposition of insulation comprising one or more extruded layers of insulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cable core comprising a electrical conductor with a rough outer surface and a hose-like insulation, the inner surface of the insulation being substantially continuous with locally outer surface sections of the conductor in the friction or Slip engagement stands and outer surface sections of the inner lying Conductor with the formation of cavities external to the conductor spanned, with the cable core by a continuous extrusion process for extruding the insulation around the conductor using the hose method can be generated around.
- a cable core can, for example, in multi-core, flexible electrical cables are used.
- the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a wire and a flexible electrical cable, which comprises at least one such wire.
- Typical flexible cables have the following structure:
- One or more electrical wires each consisting of one Strand and a wire insulation enveloping them are, if necessary, common with a parallel support element (core run) from an inner jacket surround. Reinforcement is applied to this inner jacket, for example in the form of a textile braid, and the end to the outside of the cable forms a flexible connection to this reinforcement Outer jacket.
- VESTODUR X7292 can be used for electrical wire insulation.
- From US 4,471,161 A is a cable core with a hose-like Insulation known to be around a substantially circular conductor is arranged.
- the invention was based on the object of an electrical line wire of the type mentioned above, which can be produced in a simple manner is.
- the cable core (and also the corresponding electrical cable) should have a high degree of flexibility and durability (service life).
- Wire or cable should preferably be halogen free and have as small a bending radius as possible.
- the electrical and insulation properties the wire or cable should be for one given use with the properties of conventional electrical Cable cores or cables must be competitive.
- this object is achieved by an electrical line wire solved the type mentioned, in which the insulation from a thermoplastic Plastic with an effective melting range ⁇ T ⁇ 15 ° C exists, with the line core through a continuous extrusion process for extruding the insulation around the conductor using the hose method around can be generated without subsequent heat treatment.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that it is possible an electrical conductor with a rough outer surface, typically a stranded wire, with the formation of a cable core in the extrusion process so with one to encapsulate thermoplastic that the plastic encapsulation on the one hand frictionally on the outermost conductor surfaces is present, but on the other hand not in the outer free spaces of the conductor intervenes.
- External gusset of the stranded wire of a typical inventive Line wires are thus, for example, from the insulating sheath (hereinafter simply called insulation) spanned and not filled out.
- the strand is therefore within the insulation in the longitudinal direction displaceable (for example in the case of bending stress), but is not so loosely arranged within the insulation so that it can be used without any special effort could be pulled out of it.
- This particular arrangement of the strand therefore causes in particular that a controlled relative movement within the insulation in the event of bending stress can perform.
- the wire is therefore not under the when bending Insulation compressed, which is why the service life of the wire is otherwise regular is limited by the so-called strand break, is enormously high.
- the braid's ability to slide within the insulation also enables easy stripping of the wire, for example when attaching electrical Trimmings is advantageous.
- the wires according to the invention can be based on the described produce mechanical and electrical advantages according to the invention, Depending on the area of application, the cable diameter is reduced by up to 50% and a correspondingly reduced weight compared to conventional ones Have cables with insulating materials based on rubber and PVC. It it is clear that the reduction of the cable diameter also smaller minimum Bending radii allows, which of course in many practical situations is cheap.
- the wires and cables according to the invention therefore have a number of unexpected mechanical and electrical properties that occur in the Result in considerable material savings and significantly increased Other useful lives compared to conventional wires and cables run at the same level.
- the insulation consists of a thermoplastic polyester, preferably a modified polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- the wire then has a special structural strength and / or elasticity.
- a circular PBT insulation extruded with an outer diameter of 0.8 mm and a wall thickness of only 0.15 mm around a corresponding strand can only be compressed under considerable pressure, which rarely occurs in practice, so that practically none in use external pressure is passed on to the strand and thus no destructive mechanical load on the strand occurs within the insulation. Even when a wire is flexed, no disadvantageous compression effect is generated.
- the following table shows the core diameters and the associated wall thicknesses for some typical cores.
- a flame retardant is expediently used for the wire according to the invention and / or self-extinguishing insulating plastic selected.
- Such veins are particularly suitable for areas at risk of fire.
- thermoplastic In terms of process engineering, it is particularly favorable to use a thermoplastic according to the invention Use plastic that has an effective melting range ⁇ T ⁇ 15 ° C, preferably ⁇ 20 ° C.
- Such plastics offer the advantage that you Melting range includes a larger temperature interval than the temperature fluctuations on the spray nozzle of a conventional extruder with quite imprecise Temperature control.
- extruders can therefore also Extrusion can be used without the risk that the thermoplastic Plastic due to uncontrollable temperature fluctuations liquefied (too far) and then, for example, in the gusset one parallel leads out leads.
- a practical example of a special one suitable PBT plastic with an effective melting range ⁇ T ⁇ 20 ° C is the plastic Vestodur X 4159 from Hüls AG, a highly viscous semi-crystalline Molding compound.
- the term "effective melting range” is used in Incidentally, within the scope of this description always understood the temperature interval, that upwards through the condensing temperature and downwards through the transition from the hard elastic to the plastic state of the respective Plastic is limited.
- thermoplastic materials e.g. the modified polybutylene terephthalates
- plastics with "memory” or “elastic shape memory” acts.
- the veins according to the invention are therefore by means of a continuous extrusion process without subsequent heat treatment can be generated and also have a substantial length constant mechanical and electrical properties.
- FIG. 1 is an embodiment of an inventive Line wire shown, designated 1 in Fig. 1 in total is.
- the wire 1 comprises a strand 3 as an electrical conductor, and this is made from a large number of thin metallic lead wires 5, which are extend transversely to the cross-sectional plane shown in the longitudinal direction of the wire.
- the ensemble of lead wires (the strand) is tightly packed and in its Entirely round shape. Since the strand is made of individual Wires is formed, their surface (outer surface) is not smooth, but rough (contoured); in particular, it has between two neighboring ones external lead wires gusset 7.
- the strand is of a tubular insulation made of a thermoplastic Polyester molding compound based on modified polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) coated.
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- the product has proven particularly useful as a molding compound Vestodur X4159 from Hüls AG.
- the inner surface of the insulation is related on the longitudinal direction of the vein - essentially continuously with the locally outer surface sections of the outermost layer of the strand forming lead wires in friction or slip engagement. How best can be seen from Fig. 2, the more inner contour-forming Surface sections of the associated gusset 7 tight from the insulation spanned, forming cavities that essentially the gusset correspond.
- the gussets 7 are not covered by the insulation molding compound filled out.
- the line core 1 can therefore be particularly easy stripping, but this is not the only benefit.
- the structural property the wire also allows strand 3 and insulation 9 move in the longitudinal direction with respect to a bending stress relative to each other. This is particularly important if you have the wire with a small radius of curvature wants to wind up or drum up. It then comes advantageously not to compress the strand under the insulation originally preferably soft annealed lead wires do not harden, and there is therefore no breakage of the outer individual wires subsequent strand break. In practice, therefore, there is an undesirable one Failure of the wire according to the invention occurs only extremely rarely.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 Insulation of the illustrated wire 1 according to the invention shown thin-walled. This enables material savings of up to 50 X without the wire quality would be reduced compared to conventional wires, conventional PVC or rubber insulation around an identical strand wear.
- the wires according to the invention are produced through a pore-free extrusion in the tube process.
- the core insulation receives a high structural strength, but remains elastic and resistant to impact and bending fatigue.
- the high tensile strength of the preferred polybutylene terephthalate molding compositions (in addition to Vestodur X4159 has also proven itself outstandingly Vestodur X7292) additionally guarantees that a tensile load of the wire insulation and not the stranded wire.
- the high pressure resistance of the preferred materials causes the core insulation remains round and prevented even at comparatively high pressures so that an additional friction or compression effect when flexing a wire the strand occurs.
- the conventional insulation materials like rubber, In comparison, PVC or PE have significantly poorer tensile strengths and pressure resistance.
- Cable 20 has a centrally arranged support member, the total seven line wires 21 according to the invention is surrounded.
- a four-layer jacket runs from the supporting element and veins.
- the inner layer of the jacket consists of a polyester sliding film 24, which allows the wires 21 to slide within the jacket.
- an inner jacket 26 made of polyurethane, which is particularly useful at higher nominal voltages.
- With the outside the next layer is a textile braid 28, which for a high transverse stability (resistance to twisting) of the cable 20 ensures.
- the wires 21 are in the longitudinal direction of the cable 20 with a short lay length stranded around the preferably textile support member 22. In the large volume Gussets between the wires can become polyester filler threads if necessary located (not shown).
- the braid preferably consists of Artificial silk.
- the strands within the wires 21 can be, for example, very fine-stranded with cross-sectional areas of 1.5 mm 2 - 35 mm 2 or finely stranded with cross-sectional areas of 50 mm 2 - 120 mm 2 .
- the cable diameter can be reduced by up to 50% with comparable electrical properties, which of course also results in smaller bending radii. A weight reduction of up to 50% is possible.
- the cable shown in Fig. 3 can of course be vary in many ways. However, essential for its properties is in in any case the use of one or more wires according to the invention.
- veins according to the invention in Hose processes are manufactured. This will be useful strands preheated at least approximately to the molding compound temperature (cf. 3, Fig. 1) or other conductors (ropes etc.) through a central hole in fed to the quill of the extruder. For the extruded, already quite tough Insulation molding compound, a short cone is set and it settles with this setting as described above, close to the strand.
Landscapes
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Description
Ader | Durchmesser | Wanddicke |
1 | 0,80 mm | 0,15 mm |
2 | 1,29 mm | 0,25 mm |
3 | 3,21 mm | 0,30 mm |
4 | 6,42 mm | 0,40 mm |
5 | 11,36 mm | 0,70 mm |
(Aderisolierung: VESTODUR X4159, s.u.) |
- Fig. 1
- einen schematischen Querschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Ader.
- Fig. 2
- eine vergrößerte Querschnitt-Teilansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Ader aus Fig. 1 im Kontaktbereich zwischen elektrischem Leiter und Isolierung.
- Fig. 3
- einen schematischen Querschnitt durch ein typisches Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen, trommelbaren Kabels.
Claims (8)
- Leitungsader, umfassendeinen elektrischen Leiter (3) mit rauher Außenfläche undeine schlauchartige Isolierung (9) aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff mit einem effektiven Schmelzbereich ΔT ≥ 15 °C,wobei die Innenoberfläche (11) der Isolierung (9) im wesentlichen kontinuierlich mit lokal außenliegenden Flächenabschnitten des Leiters (3) im Reib- oder Rutscheingriff steht und weiter innen liegende Außenflächenabschnitte des Leiters (3) unter Ausbildung von bezüglich des Leiters (3) außenliegenden Hohlräumen überspannt undwobei die Leitungsader durch ein kontinuierliches Extrusionsverfahren zum Extrudieren der Isolierung (9) im Schlauchverfahren um den Leiter (3) herum ohne nachträgliche Wärmebehandlung erzeugbar ist.
- Ader nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der elektrische Leiter eine Litze aus dünnen metallischen Leitungsdrähten (5) umfaßt und die Isolierung (9) nicht wesentlich in die Zwickel (7) der Litze eingreift.
- Ader nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Isolierung (9) aus einem thermoplastischen Polyester besteht.
- Ader nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Polyester ein modifiziertes Polybutylenterephtalat umfaßt.
- Ader nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kunststoff flammwidrig und/oder selbstverlöschend ist.
- Ader nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kunststoff einen effektiven Schmelzbereich ΔT ≥ 20 °C, besitzt.
- Verfahren, bei dem eine Ader nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 6 hergestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein thermoplastischer Kunststoff mit einem effektiven Schmelzbereich ΔT ≥ 15 °C im Schlauchverfahren um den Leiter (3) herum extrudiert und anschließend unterhalb seiner Fließtemperatur in Anlage an diesen gebracht wird.
- Elektrisches Kabel, umfassend zumindest eine Ader nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 6 sowie einen Kabelinnenmantel aus Polyurethan und/oder einen Kabelaußenmantel aus Polyurethan.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19621007 | 1996-05-24 | ||
DE19621007A DE19621007A1 (de) | 1996-05-24 | 1996-05-24 | Elektrische Leitungsader, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie flexibles elektrisches Kabel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0809258A1 EP0809258A1 (de) | 1997-11-26 |
EP0809258B1 true EP0809258B1 (de) | 2000-09-13 |
Family
ID=7795254
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97107614A Expired - Lifetime EP0809258B1 (de) | 1996-05-24 | 1997-05-09 | Elektrische Leitungsader, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie flexibles elektrisches Kabel |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0809258B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19621007A1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL184811B1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE20114231U1 (de) * | 2001-08-29 | 2001-11-29 | LEONI Protec Cable Systems GmbH, 98574 Schmalkalden | Industrieroboter |
DE20215523U1 (de) * | 2002-10-09 | 2004-03-11 | Coroplast Fritz Müller Gmbh & Co. Kg | Ummantelte elektrische Leitung, insbesondere für Antiblockiersysteme und Fühler von Drehzahlmeßsystemen von Kraftfahrzeugen |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4471161A (en) * | 1983-02-16 | 1984-09-11 | Essex Group, Inc. | Conductor strand formed of solid wires and method for making the conductor strand |
FR2687500B1 (fr) * | 1992-02-13 | 1994-04-01 | Alcatel Cuivre | Cable electrique a ame de cuivre multibrins. |
GB9416331D0 (en) * | 1994-08-12 | 1994-10-05 | Amp Gmbh | Stranded electrical wire for use with IDC |
-
1996
- 1996-05-24 DE DE19621007A patent/DE19621007A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-05-09 EP EP97107614A patent/EP0809258B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-09 DE DE59702335T patent/DE59702335D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-23 PL PL97320182A patent/PL184811B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
"Kabel- und Leitungsfertigung", 1. AUFLAGE 1976, VEB VERLAG TECHNIK, BERLIN * |
Produktinformation der Firma HÜLS Aktiengesellschaft betreffend VESTODUR 05/92 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0809258A1 (de) | 1997-11-26 |
DE59702335D1 (de) | 2000-10-19 |
PL184811B1 (pl) | 2002-12-31 |
PL320182A1 (en) | 1997-12-08 |
DE19621007A1 (de) | 1997-11-27 |
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