Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
  • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
  • F24F3/16—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by purification, e.g. by filtering; by sterilisation; by ozonisation
  • F24F3/163—Clean air work stations, i.e. selected areas within a space which filtered air is passed
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F9/00—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F9/00—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains
  • F24F2009/007—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains using more than one jet or band in the air curtain

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and a device for confining an atmosphere in a space communicating with the outside through at least one opening; a gas curtain being generated at said opening.
• the quantity of objects treated depends on the volume of the airlocks; - the successive filling and emptying of the airlocks entails a loss of material and energy, proportional to the volume of said airlocks ...
• an improvement is more precisely proposed in the conventional technology of confining a space by a double jet gas curtain.
• Said technology is illustrated in particular in patent applications FR-A-2530 163 (confinement of a polluted space) and FR-A-2652520 (confinement of a "clean" space).
• FR-A-2530 163 confinement of a polluted space
• FR-A-2652520 confinement of a "clean" space
• Such gas curtains comprise a slow jet whose sting ensures dynamic separation of the atmospheres and a rapid jet which stabilizes and stiffens said slow jet. It is incidentally recalled here that, in general, the flow of a gas jet, in any section of the latter, is the sum of the initial flow of blown gas and of the flow rate drawn by suction in the gaseous atmosphere external to the jet. This second flow constitutes the induction flow of said jet.
• suction mouth In contrast to the jet emission nozzles, there is generally a suction mouth which collects the blown gas as well as a fraction of the separate atmospheres which mix with said blown gas in the induction zone.
• the gases collected by such a suction mouth are generally treated before recycling or discharge into the environment.
• the materials and energy lost by the suction flow are considered necessary and or negligible with regard to the desired result.
• the recovery of the double jet by a suction mouth is however not systematic ...
• the emission nozzles of the fast jet and the slow jet are supplied with unpolluted gas.
• the fast jet is always located on the unpolluted side.
• the double jet gas curtain is an air curtain.
• the air injected in the form of slow and fast jets is recirculated or rejected, after filtration of the suspended particles entrained in the suction mouth.
• the invention therefore relates to a method for maintaining a particular atmosphere in a space communicating with the outside through at least one opening protected by a double jet gas curtain.
• Said atmosphere is particular in that it differs from the ambient atmosphere by at least one differentiating element which, for example, can consist of a particle concentration, a gas concentration, a temperature ...
• Said atmosphere particular or differentiated atmosphere is therefore confined in said space.
• said particular atmosphere is a clean atmosphere or a polluted atmosphere, compared to the atmosphere room.
• the slow jet of the gas curtain is arranged on the side of said confined atmosphere to avoid turbulent transfers due to the passage of the through.
• the axial plane of the slow jet emission nozzle and that of the rapid jet emission nozzle are parallel. Said nozzles can be arranged on any side of the opening.
• the method of the invention is a method of confining an atmosphere in a space communicating with the outside through at least one opening; process in which: a) a gas curtain is generated at said opening; said gas curtain comprising:
• a first jet called slow jet located on the side of said confined atmosphere; said slow jet having a dart of range (L) and of sufficient scale to cover said opening;
• a second jet called rapid jet located on the outside, in the same direction as said slow jet, whose axial plane is parallel to that of said slow jet; said fast jet having a flow induced by its internal face in contact with the slow jet less than or equal to the flow of said slow jet at a distance (L), equal to the range of said slow jet, from its injection; b) at least part of the gas blown in the form of said slow and fast jets as well as a fraction of the confined atmosphere are taken up, at the level of said opening, opposite the injection zone of said jets; c) an adequate supply of atmosphere to said space is advantageously provided, to at least compensate for said fraction of the confined atmosphere taken up; d) a fraction of the slow jet flow is injected into said confined atmosphere and contributes to the induction flow of said slow jet; the size of said fraction varying with the pressure within said space.
• a double jet gas curtain there is therefore a double jet gas curtain, the slow jet of said curtain being located on the side of the particular confined atmosphere (point a) above) and, opposite from the jets injection area, a device, including a suction mouth for the recovery of the blown gas in the form of said jets and of a fraction of said confined atmosphere (point b) above). It also generally takes up, at said suction mouth, a fraction of the ambient atmosphere. Said jets and said suction mouth are arranged so as to maintain in the confined atmosphere characteristics that are constant or between precise values. Their particular arrangement allows, as will be explained below, to minimize the loss of material and / or energy by the recovery rate and therefore to minimize the continuous input necessary to maintain said particular characteristics of the confined atmosphere.
• the confined atmosphere will lose its differentiating characteristics. This can be highly detrimental in the context of çjjnlinu treatment. of products passing through by a reagent present in said confined atmosphere ... This is much less so, for example, in a context where one simply wishes to maintain said confined atmosphere at a given temperature and where the slow jet brings gas to said temperature ... It is therefore provided, as indicated above, according to an advantageous variant of the method of the invention, an adequate atmosphere supply of the confined space. Finally, and this is the main characteristic of the process of the invention, a fraction of the flow of the slow jet is sent to said confined atmosphere (point d) above).
• Said fraction is taken from the slow jet induction zone, on the confined space side of course. It is not directly taken up by the suction mouth. It enters said confined atmosphere, generates turbulence therein and is at least partly taken up by the slow jet for its induction.
• the slow jet induction flow rate is typically according to the invention taken in part from itself (confined space side). On the confined space side, said slow jet self-stabilizes. In fact, part of it is "recycled" in the confined space for this purpose. On the ambient atmosphere side, it is recalled here that said slow jet is stabilized by the rapid jet. This gas injected into the confined atmosphere, taken from the slow jet, is used
• the confinement process with a double jet gas curtain is in fact implemented according to the invention under conditions such that there is an effect of regulating the flow rate of the confined atmosphere extracted, with homogeneous conditions being maintained in said confined atmosphere. .
• This regularization effect is particularly advantageous when the gas curtain delimits a treatment chamber in which a specific reagent must be kept in sufficient concentration in the atmosphere, for the duration of the treatment.
• the curvature of the curtain caused by the overpressure (mainly due to the injection into the confined space of a fraction of the flow of the slow jet) only allows a fraction weakly concentrated in said specific reagent of the mixture between the gas blown by the slow jet and the treatment atmosphere (said treatment atmosphere having been diluted by the supply of "pure" gas from the slow jet) and therefore only causes negligible consumption of said reagent.
• the turbulence generated inside the treatment chamber (by injecting a fraction of the flow of the slow jet within it) homogenizes the distribution of said reagent in the atmosphere of the chamber, reagent advantageously added continuously in said chamber to compensate for losses.
• the gas curtain is not frozen, stabilized in a fixed position.
• pressure variation which can be due to a variation of the supply flow in adequate atmosphere and or to the arrival of a large volume object in confined space
• the jets move and a more or less significant fraction of the slow jet flow is sent to the confined atmosphere.
• the technology of the double jet gas curtain has been adapted so as to minimize the losses of materials and / or energy coming from the confined atmosphere, through the suction mouth, while homogenizing the characteristics. of said confined atmosphere.
• Those skilled in the art will already have understood that the principle of the containment method according to the invention, as set out above - with the injection of a fraction of the flow of the slow jet in the confined atmosphere, which allows regulation of the flow of said confined atmosphere sucked (whereas, according to the prior art, no regulation of said flow of extracted confined atmosphere is observed) - can be implemented in different configurations and in different contexts, in particular at the entry and / or exit of paint tunnels, sterilization tunnels, treatment ovens, drying ovens ...
• the gas curtain will in this context be generated from the same atmosphere with at least one slow thermostatically controlled jet which will maintain the temperature in the confined space.
• the method of the invention makes it possible, in this context, to circulate the objects continuously, limiting the energy losses and the temperature gradients at the inputs and outputs of said tunnels.
• Such a treatment space includes a gas curtain at the entrance and a gas curtain at the exit; generally flat gas curtains which successively pass through the objects or products to be treated, transported by the conveyor system. If the spaces upstream and downstream of the treatment space are at the same pressure, the two gas curtains operate symmetrically and the same effect of regulating the suction flow of confined atmosphere is obtained on said gas two curtains.
• the expected result is obtained with a plane of the gas curtain, inclined, relative to the plane of the opening, towards the interior of the confined space.
• Said plane of the gas curtain makes an angle with said plane of the opening, so that the end of the dart of the slow jet is oriented towards the interior of the confined space.
• Said angle of inclination of the median planes of the gas jets by ratio to the plane of the opening generally remains less than or equal to 30 *. It advantageously makes it possible, for certain applications, to increase the pressure in the confined space relative to the external pressure. This increase in pressure (which generally remains of the order of Pascal) is due to the transformation of the dynamic pressure of the recycled fraction of gas into static pressure. It is a function of the value of said angle of inclination and of the shape of the suction mouth.
• the gas curtain (s) involved in the process of the invention may (may) have various geometries. They can be gas curtains generated by linear, polygonal or semicircular nozzles.
• the plane of the gas curtain will therefore describe, with possibly the inclination mentioned above, either a plane, or a portion of polyhedron, or a portion of frustoconical surface.
• the geometry of the gas curtain is obviously adapted to that of the opening to be covered or that of the confined space.
• the gas curtain formed by the two jets is generated from nozzles which can be located on a horizontal or vertical side of the access opening to the confined space.
• At least one of the jets of said gas curtain is supplied with thermostated gas.
• the gases supplying said slow and fast jets can have the same characteristics (for example: nature of said gases, temperature thereof ...) or different characteristics.
• the gas curtain (or gas curtains), such that it (s) intervene (s) in the process of the invention - gas curtain (s) with flow control return - consisting of) generally a curtain with double air jet.
• the air is replaced by any other suitable gas, in particular an inert gas in one or both jets.
• the injected gases of the same nature or of a different nature, may have different characteristics, in particular of temperature, humidity, concentration of liquid or solid particles in suspension .
• the invention relates to a device useful for implementing the method described above.
• Said device comprises the conventional means necessary for the generation and operation of a double jet gas curtain at an opening.
• said means are arranged to ensure the expected effect described above, that is to say the injection of a fraction of the flow of the slow jet, for its self-induction, into the confined space.
• said device comprises: - two nozzles arranged side by side on one side of said opening and provided with means for supplying them with gas; the length of said nozzles being at least equal to the length of said opening, the width of said nozzles being determined as a function of the speed of the jets and the range of the curtain to be obtained; the nozzle situated on the side of the confined atmosphere suitable for the emission of the slow jet and the other for the emission of the rapid jet;
• suction mouth of at least part of the gas blown in the form of jets and a fraction of the confined atmosphere, said suction mouth being connected to a suction system and being located at said level opening, facing said two nozzles;
• said gas suction mouth is positioned relative to said two nozzles so that and has a geometry such that a fraction of the flow of the slow jet is injected into said confined atmosphere and contributes to the induction flow of said jet slow ; the importance of said fraction varying with the pressure within said confined space.
• the two injection nozzles are oriented so that the plane of the gas curtain is inclined, relative to the plane of the opening, towards the interior of the confined space.
• the inclination angle as indicated above is between 0 and 30 *.
• the position and geometry of the suction mouth must allow normal operation of the gas curtain from the start up and the creation of a slight overpressure in the confined area.
• the gas suction mouth is disposed, facing each other, generally directly above the gas supply to the curtain. It actually includes a gas receiving cavity which communicates with a discharge pipe of these. Said cavity is advantageously secured to at least one of the material walls which delimit the opening.
• the gas receiving cavity is advantageously secured at the base, to the floor of the confined area.
• the nozzles are arranged in the upper part of the opening and said cavity is located below the level of the base of the confined zone (floor of said zone). It is advantageously delimited, on the side of the slow jet, by an edge with a concave curvilinear profile, connected to said base of the confined area. Said edge does not have an edge capable of causing turbulence. Its profile is concave, so that it "accompanies" the deformation of the end of the stinger under the effect of overpressure.
• the position and geometry of said cavity must allow normal operation of the gas curtain, in the absence of substantial overpressure in the confined area.
• the thinned end of the dart of the slow jet arrives at the limit of the curvilinear edge of the cavity. Under the effect of a substantial overpressure, said end will deform and release along said curvilinear edge a passage for the confined atmosphere (atmosphere, in fact diluted in gas taken from the slow jet).
• the confined space is delimited by a ceiling, a floor and at least two side walls.
• the injection nozzles of the gas curtain (s) are generally located at the level of the ceiling of the opening (openings), the gas curtain (s) is (are) substantially vertical (vertical) and the suction mouth is integrated into the floor.
• the gas reception cavity associated with said suction mouth is located below the level of said floor and is delimited in width by the walls of the confined space.
• the confined space is delimited by a circular ceiling, a circular floor and a curtain of cylindrical or frustoconical gas.
• the cavity of the suction mouth, facing the circular gas injection nozzles constitutes a ditch around said base.
• the confined space is delimited by a polygonal ceiling, a polygonal floor and a polyhedral gas curtain.
• the cavity of the suction mouth, facing the polygonal gas injection nozzles constitutes a ditch around said base.
• FIG. 1 The method and device of the invention are illustrated in Figure 1 attached. Is shown, in section, in said FIG. 1, the confinement according to the invention, of the atmosphere B of a chamber 4 for continuous treatment of a product P, with a reagent R injected through the tubing 8.
• the product P is transported by the conveyor system 11.
• the chamber 4 is delimited by a horizontal ceiling, a horizontal floor, two vertical walls not shown and two flat vertical air curtains.
• the products P to be treated arrive from atmosphere A (ambient atmosphere, for example), successively pass through the inlet air curtain and the outlet air curtain and are found in said atmosphere A.
• atmosphere A ambient atmosphere, for example
• Each of said air curtains air comprises a slow jet 2, located on the side of the chamber 4, the sting 3 of which is inclined towards the interior of said chamber 4 as well as a rapid jet 1, situated on the side of the exterior (atmosphere A).
• the system for sucking in the blown gas and a fraction of the confined atmosphere B is arranged directly above the injection nozzles 9 and 10.
• Said suction system comprises the gas receiving cavity 6 and the conduit evacuation 7 of said aspirated gases.
• Said cavity 6 is delimited on the side of the slow jet 2 by an edge 5 with a concave curvilinear profile which joins the floor of the chamber 4.
• the gas reception cavity 6 has a geometry and a positioning relative to the nozzles 9 and 10 such that in steady state and in the absence of disturbance, the sting 3 of the slow jet 2 is in the equilibrium position, between atmospheres A and B, shown in solid lines in FIG. 1.
• the gas flow entrained by the slow jet 9 in its straight section located at distance L from its origin is shared on the curvilinear edge 5 of the cavity 6 constituting the 1 + 2 double jet return mouth.
• a chamber 4 for continuous sterilization of pharmaceutical products P is confined by means of two air curtains. Sterilization is obtained by contact of said products P with a sterilizing gas or nebulized liquid (H2O2) at an optimal temperature. To reach and maintain said optimum temperature, two slow thermostatically controlled jets are used. The two air curtains prevent any leakage of H2O2 to the adjacent areas (atmosphere A).
• H2O2 sterilizing gas or nebulized liquid
• the inclination of the darts 3 of the slow jets 2 towards the interior of the chamber 4 makes it possible to entrain towards the sterilizing treatment zone (atmosphere B), at the entry as at the exit, the contaminating particles which accompany the products P
• the injection of part of the air from the slow jet 2 into the chamber 4 generates vortex movements which contribute to the homogenization (concentration, temperature) of the sterilizing medium in the center of said chamber 4.
• the depleting effect of sterilizing reagent in the vicinity of the exhaust passage limits the losses in said reagent and maintains its concentration at the required level during the duration of the treatment by optimizing its consumption.
• Room 4 is a 0.5 x 0.5 m section tunnel. An atmosphere of H2O2 at 15 g / m 3 is maintained there.
• the slow jets 2 have the following characteristics:

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
• Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
• Container, Conveyance, Adherence, Positioning, Of Wafer (AREA)
• Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
• Vacuum Packaging (AREA)
• Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
• Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
• Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)

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• 1995
  • 1995-02-02 FR FR9501211A patent/FR2730297B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1996
  • 1996-02-01 AU AU46678/96A patent/AU4667896A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-02-01 US US08/875,684 patent/US5934992A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-02-01 DK DK96902323T patent/DK0807228T3/da active
  • 1996-02-01 DE DE69600921T patent/DE69600921T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-02-01 WO PCT/FR1996/000170 patent/WO1996024011A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1996-02-01 AT AT96902323T patent/ATE173078T1/de active
  • 1996-02-01 EP EP96902323A patent/EP0807228B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

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