EP0803332A1 - Device for the pressing out of the pivot pin of a suspension joint and/or of a track rod - Google Patents

Device for the pressing out of the pivot pin of a suspension joint and/or of a track rod Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0803332A1
EP0803332A1 EP97105821A EP97105821A EP0803332A1 EP 0803332 A1 EP0803332 A1 EP 0803332A1 EP 97105821 A EP97105821 A EP 97105821A EP 97105821 A EP97105821 A EP 97105821A EP 0803332 A1 EP0803332 A1 EP 0803332A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
press
support
section
support lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97105821A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0803332B1 (en
Inventor
Angelika Weisshaar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Klann Tools Ltd
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Klann Tools Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0803332A1 publication Critical patent/EP0803332A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0803332B1 publication Critical patent/EP0803332B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/06—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting or withdrawing sleeves or bearing races
    • B25B27/062—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting or withdrawing sleeves or bearing races using screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/023—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same using screws
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53796—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator
    • Y10T29/53848—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator having screw operator
    • Y10T29/53852—C-frame

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressing device for pressing a hinge pin out of the bearing eye of an associated axle component of a motor vehicle axle, consisting of a press lever and a support lever, which are connected to one another at an adjustable distance from one another and can be pivoted relative to one another, the press lever having a press section which in use, a receiving element of the support lever for the bearing eye or the axle component is arranged opposite and wherein the press lever has an actuating section diametrically opposite its press section with respect to the actuator, which in use for carrying out the relative pivoting movement for pressing out the pivot pin via a press member on a support section of the Support lever supports.
  • a motor vehicle axle in particular the steerable axle of a motor vehicle, generally consists of a lower one Wishbone, a trailing arm and a knuckle or suspension strut that is rotatably and pivotably attached to the lower wishbone.
  • These axle components are generally connected to one another in an articulated manner by means of ball joints, these ball joints having ball joint pins which are pressed into a conical bearing eye of the corresponding axle element and are secured by means of a fastening nut.
  • articulated connections are also provided, for example, between the steering lever of the steering of a motor vehicle and the tie rod.
  • This articulated connection also has a hinge pin which is pressed, for example, into the bearing eye of the steering lever and is also secured there by means of a nut.
  • Various extrusion devices are known for pressing out the pivot pins from the associated bearing eye of the supporting joints or tie rod joints on the motor vehicle axle, by means of which the corresponding pivot pin can be pressed out of the conically tapering bearing eye.
  • the ball joints have different dimensions and the tie rod joints also differ in their dimensions from the ball joints of the motor vehicle axle, squeezing devices have become known, which are adapted in accordance with these dimensions to the particular use for specific ball joints or tie rod joints.
  • the known squeezing devices for dismantling a ball joint pin or a tie rod pivot pin essentially consist of a support element with a receiving fork, a press lever, an actuator and a press member for actuating the press lever.
  • the actuator is designed as an adjusting spindle and connects the support element to the press lever.
  • the adjusting spindle is inserted through a central through hole of the press lever and provided with an adjusting nut.
  • the adjusting spindle has a bearing ring, through which a bearing pin can be inserted, on which the support lever is pivotally supported to a limited extent, the bearing pin being fixed in the support lever.
  • the support lever is divided into two fork legs and has at one end a width-adjustable receiving fork which serves to receive the bearing eye of a support joint or a tie rod joint. At its end opposite the receiving fork, the two fork legs are elastically connected to one another, this elastic connecting area simultaneously forming a pressure surface for a compression screw. Between this pressure surface and the receiving fork the bearing pin is provided, around which the support lever can be pivoted. In use, the press lever and the support lever lie in a common plane.
  • the press lever of the press surface of the support lever opposite the press screw is screwed into a corresponding through-thread and can be pressed against the press surface of the support lever in use, so that a corresponding relative pivoting movement of the support lever to the press lever is effected for pressing out the pivot pin from its bearing eye.
  • the press lever is provided with a press section which is spaced apart from the support fork of the support lever.
  • the bearing pin of the receiving fork is designed as an adjusting screw and is fixedly seated in a fork leg and secured there captively by a locking ring.
  • the two fork legs are arranged at a distance from one another in the region of the bearing journal, so that the adjusting spindle with its bearing ring is rotatably received on the bearing journal between the fork legs.
  • the journal extends through the second fork leg a threaded section on which a wing nut is screwed on the outside, by means of which the distance between the two fork legs can be variably adjusted.
  • the mouth width of the receiving fork can be adapted to different dimensions of a bearing eye of ball joints or tie rod joints. Due to the flexible construction of the two fork legs, however, only a slight stability of the known squeezing device can be achieved, so that extremely tight articulated pins cannot be squeezed out without damaging the squeezing device with the known squeezing device. Furthermore, it is provided in the known squeezing device that the press screw is not screwed into the end of the press lever, but instead is turned through 180 ° into the support lever, and is then supported in a corresponding manner at the end of the press lever during the squeezing process to carry out the required pivoting movement.
  • a support plate is provided as a support element, which is provided with a plurality of receiving forks of different dimensions.
  • the press lever is pivotally mounted on the adjusting spindle with a bearing pin projecting through the press lever and the adjusting spindle, the bearing pin being arranged firmly in the press lever.
  • the distance between the support plate and the press lever is adjusted by means of an adjusting nut which is screwed onto the outside of the adjusting spindle and the actuation of which allows the supporting plate to be displaced along the adjusting spindle.
  • a coil spring is provided between these two, by means of which the respectively set distance between the press lever and the support plate is also held outside the insert by the biasing force of the helical compression spring.
  • This known pressing device is suitable for certain dimensions of ball joints or tie rod joints for pressing out the pivot pin, but has the disadvantage due to the dimensions of the support plate that this known pressing device cannot be used in confined spaces on a motor vehicle axle. Furthermore, this squeezing device can also only be used for ball joints or tie rod joints, on the bearing eye of which one of the three available mounting forks can be fitted appropriately.
  • the invention has for its object to design a squeezing device of the generic type in such a way that it can be used variably for squeezing out differently designed spherical bearings under different conditions of use with inexpensive manufacture.
  • the actuator consists of an adjusting spindle which has at one end a pivot pin running transversely to the adjusting spindle, and that several support levers are provided with differently designed receiving elements, which are selectively and interchangeably coupled to the pivot pin.
  • the configuration according to the invention provides a variably usable squeezing device in which the support lever is arranged in an exchangeable manner on the pivot pin so that different support levers can be fastened to the actuator simply and quickly for different purposes.
  • Different support levers with different mounting elements can thus be used for different purposes can be used for the ball joint or also for the tie rod joint without, as is known in the known pressing devices, the complete pressing device having to be manufactured in different configurations.
  • the support lever and the press lever are designed as simple, cuboid levers that can be pivoted relative to one another, the press-out device according to the invention can be used at any time on a motor vehicle axle, even under unfavorable spatial conditions.
  • the releasable connection of the support lever on the pivot pin of the adjusting spindle according to claim 2 allows an extremely simple replacement of the support lever on the pivot pin by depressing the support lever along the adjusting spindle in the direction of the press lever, so that the pivot pin of the adjusting spindle slides out of the receiving groove of the support lever.
  • the pivot pin thus protruding from the receiving groove of the support lever can be rotated in this position in a simple manner by approximately 90 °, so that when the support lever is subsequently lifted it can slide through the elongated hole in the support lever and the support lever is released in this way.
  • the support lever is pressed with its elongated hole over the pivot pin until the pivot pin protrudes through the elongated hole over the outside of the support lever and there again can be rotated by 90 °. In this position, the support lever can be brought into engagement with the receiving groove in a simple manner.
  • the squeezing device can be used in different positions, the drive hexagon always being able to be arranged such that it is freely accessible, for example from below, below a motor vehicle and can thus be actuated.
  • a corresponding pressing surface is provided in the threaded bore provided there, which can be formed, for example, by an interchangeably screwed-in pressure screw.
  • the support lever Due to the provided coaxially to the adjusting screw coil spring, the support lever is always held in its engaged position with the bearing pin, so that the bearing pin cannot accidentally slip out of the receiving groove of the support lever.
  • the provided centering ring ensures that the coil spring is not accidentally in the slot of the support lever during disassembly and also can jam during assembly, so that the replacement process of the support lever can be carried out safely.
  • the configuration according to claim 8 ensures an extremely simple adjustment of the distance between the support lever and the press lever, so that the squeezing device according to the invention can always be easily adapted to the size relationships of a spherical plain bearing.
  • Fig. 1 shows the individual components of an embodiment of an extrusion device 1 according to the invention in a perspective exploded view.
  • the squeezing device 1 consists essentially of a support lever 2, a press lever 3, a press screw 4 and an adjusting spindle 5 with adjusting nut 6.
  • the adjusting spindle is provided at its one end 7 with a pivot pin 9 which extends transversely to the longitudinal central axis 8 of the adjusting spindle 5 and which is arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal central axis 8 of the adjusting spindle 5 and projects radially beyond it. Furthermore, the adjusting spindle 5 has a threaded section 10 with which it can be brought into engagement with the adjusting nut 6.
  • the adjusting nut 6 is designed as a collar nut and has a cylinder section 11 and a drive hexagon 12, which are separated by a circumferential, radially outwardly extending annular collar 13.
  • the annular collar 13 forms a circumferential stop surface 14 towards the cylinder section 11, a corresponding nut thread 15 being adapted to the threaded section 10 being provided at least in the region of the cylinder section 11.
  • the upper side of the support lever is provided with a two-part receiving groove 16, which extends transversely to the longitudinal central axis 17 of the support lever 2 to approximately on its longitudinal outer sides 10, 19.
  • the receiving groove is approximately semi-cylindrical and sunk in the top 20 of the support lever 2.
  • the support lever is divided into a receiving section 21 and a supporting section 22, the supporting section 22 being at least twice as long as the receiving section 21.
  • a through thread 23 is provided, which is approximately perpendicular to the horizontal Longitudinal median plane (not shown in the drawing) of the support lever.
  • the receiving section 21 has a receiving element in the form of a support fork 24, which forms two fork legs 25 and 26, which end in a common vertical plane running transverse to the longitudinal central axis 17 of the support lever.
  • the support fork is designed to be offset several times and has an approximately semi-cylindrical recess 27 in its lower region. Above this recess 27 there is a further recess 28, which is larger in diameter than the recess 27. Furthermore, an approximately rectangular depression 29 is provided above the second recess 28, which is open towards the end face 30 of the support lever 2.
  • This remote design of the support fork, as shown in FIG. 1, is used to adapt to certain predetermined shapes a support joint or a tie rod joint, so that the support fork can be attached to this joint in the region of the joint head of these joints, as is shown by way of example in FIG. 3.
  • the support fork 24 is provided with an approximately semicircular, web-shaped press ring segment 31, which projects downward beyond the support lever 2 in the position shown.
  • the receiving groove 16 of the support lever 2 there is a central opening 32 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the support lever 2 and which is matched to the geometric dimensions of the pivot pin 9 of the adjusting spindle 5 such that the adjusting spindle 5 with its pivot pin 9 through the opening 32 can be pushed through.
  • the receiving groove 16 is divided into two laterally arranged approximately semi-cylindrical components, as can be seen in FIG. 1.
  • the opening 32 extends due to the extremely dense arrangement of the stepped support cables essentially in the region of the support section 22 and is arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal central axis 17 of the support lever 2 in this.
  • the press lever 3 has a press section 33 which, in use, as shown in FIG. 1, is directly opposite the support fork 24 of the support lever 2 is arranged.
  • the length of the press section 33 is somewhat longer than that of the support fork 24.
  • the press lever 3 has a central through-bore 34 which serves to receive the adjusting nut 6 with its cylinder section 11.
  • the length of the cylinder section 11 of the adjusting nut 6 is matched to the length of the through hole in such a way that when the adjusting nut 6 is fully inserted into the through hole 34, that is to say when the abutment surface 14 bears on the underside 35 of the press lever, with its upper end face 36 approximately flush with the outer plane surface 37 of the press lever 3.
  • the press lever 3 is divided into the front press section 33 and also into a rear actuation section 38.
  • a vertical threaded bore 39 is provided, which is designed as a through thread.
  • the press lever 3 forms with its press section 33 a press surface 40 which is arranged opposite the support fork 24 of the support lever 2 (see also FIG. 2).
  • the threaded bore 39 has the same diameter as the threaded bore 23 of the support lever 2.
  • the threaded bore 39 serves to receive a pressure screw 41 which can be screwed into the threaded bore 39 as far as it can with its radially projecting, circumferential collar 42 rests on the top 43 of the actuating section 38.
  • the compression screw 4 which can be screwed into the through thread 23 with its threaded portion 44, has a drive hexagon 45 for its actuation.
  • a helical spring 46 is provided, which in the assembled state of the squeezing device 1, as shown for example in FIGS. 2 and 3, is arranged coaxially to the adjusting spindle 5 between the support lever 2 and the press lever 3.
  • This coil spring 46 has the task of keeping the support lever 2 and the press lever 3 in a non-loaded state at a predetermined distance set by the adjusting spindle 5 and the adjusting nut 6.
  • a centering ring 47 is provided on the support lever side, which has a circular surface 48 on the support lever side, with which the centering ring 47 rests on the underside 49 of the support lever 2 in the assembled state .
  • the centering ring 47 has a circumferential centering web 50 which, in the assembled state, completely surrounds the helical spring 46 in the circumferential direction.
  • FIG. 2 shows the extrusion device 1 from FIG. 1 in a perspective representation and in the assembled state.
  • the adjusting spindle 5 is arranged with its pivot pin 9 countersunk in the receiving groove 16 of the support lever 2, the support lever 2 being pivoted at least to a limited extent about the pivot axis 51 of the pivot pin 9. Starting from its pivot pin 9, the adjusting spindle 5 projects through the opening 32 of the support lever 2 downwards.
  • the adjusting nut 6 is inserted with its cylinder section 11 into the central through bore 34 of the press lever 3 and screwed onto the downwardly projecting threaded section 10 of the adjusting spindle, so that the support lever and the press lever one through the stop surface 14 of the collar 13 of the adjusting spindle 6 and the bearing of the support lever on the pivot pin 9 have a predetermined distance from each other.
  • This predetermined distance is variably adjustable by further screwing on or loosening the adjusting nut on the adjusting spindle.
  • the helical spring 46 is preloaded coaxially between the press lever 3 and the support lever 2 Adjusting spindle 5 arranged continuously.
  • the centering ring is on the support lever side 47 is provided, via which the coil spring 46 is supported on the underside 49 of the support lever 2, so that the coil spring 46 cannot accidentally get caught between the adjusting spindle 5 and the opening 42 of the support lever.
  • the centering ring 47 serves for the centered coaxial reception of the upper end of the helical spring 46.
  • the support lever 2 and the press lever 3 run approximately parallel to one another, wherein they are arranged in a common vertical plane. From Fig. 2 it can also be seen that the support fork 24 of the support lever 2 is arranged vertically above or opposite the press section 33 of the press lever 3.
  • the support section 22 of the support lever 2 opposite the actuating section 38 is provided in its through thread 23 with the compression screw 4, which is screwed through the through thread 23 from top to bottom and with a pressure tip 52 in the position shown in FIG. 2 on the screw head of the pressure screw 41 just lies on.
  • the pressure screw 41 is screwed tightly into the threaded bore 39 (not visible in FIG. 2).
  • the support lever 2 is in a simple manner from Removable pivot pin 9. To do this, the support lever must only be depressed along the adjusting spindle 5 in the direction of the arrow 53 when the pressure screw 4 is at least partially unscrewed, so that the pivot pin 9, after it has been completely released by the receiving groove 16, together by 90 ° about the longitudinal central axis 8 of the adjusting spindle is rotatable with the adjusting spindle 5.
  • the pivot pin By simply moving the support lever 2 forward in the direction of arrow 54, the pivot pin can be brought into overlap with the opening 32, so that when the support lever is raised in the direction of arrow 55, the support lever with its opening can be pushed over the pivot pin 9, and thus the support lever 2 can be dismantled in the simplest way.
  • This interchangeable mounting of the support lever 2 on the pivot pin 9 enables easy replacement of the support lever 2, so that support levers can be used which have different receiving elements.
  • these receiving elements can have different receiving forks with different jaw widths and different thicknesses, so that the different support levers can be used for different supporting joints, axle joints or tie rod joints for pressing out the respective associated pivot pin.
  • the other components of the squeezing device according to the invention advantageously do not have to be replaced and also not screwed apart for the change of use will.
  • the only change that may be necessary is the change of the compression screw 4, which is to be unscrewed from the support lever 2 just used and screwed back into the support lever newly mounted on the pivot pin 9.
  • the through thread 23 of the support lever and the continuous threaded bore 39 of the press lever have the same diameter, so that on the one hand the pressure screw and on the other hand the press screw can be used alternately either in the support lever 2 or in the press lever 3 as required. It is thereby advantageously achieved that, depending on the spatial conditions on a motor vehicle axle, the accessibility of the driving hexagon 46 of the compression screw is always accessible, for example, from below.
  • FIG. 3 shows the press-out device 1 according to the invention according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in use when pressing out a ball joint pin 56 of a ball joint 57 of a motor vehicle axle. Due to the axle construction shown in FIG. 3, the pressing device 1 is shown rotated by 180 ° on the supporting joint pin 56 or attached to the motor vehicle axle, so that the pressing lever 3 is arranged above the supporting lever 2.
  • the adjusting nut 6 is guided in the through hole 34 with almost no play in the press lever 3, with its circumferential collar 13 in the axial direction down on the outer bottom 35 of the press lever 3 supports.
  • the adjusting spindle 5 is screwed into the adjusting nut 6.
  • the ball joint pin 56 is part of the ball joint 57 and has at its lower end a bearing ball (not visible in the drawing) with which it is freely rotatable and pivoted to a limited extent in a ball joint receptacle 58 of a control arm 59.
  • the support joint pin 56 is provided with a bearing seat 60 which tapers conically from bottom to top and by means of which it is pressed into a bearing bush 61, which also tapers conically.
  • the bearing bush 61 has a lateral surface 62 tapering from bottom to top and is pressed into a correspondingly conical bearing bore 63 of a bearing eye 64.
  • the bearing eye 64 forms the lower end of a steering knuckle 65 of a motor vehicle axle, which is freely rotatably supported by the support joint 57 about the support joint journal axis 66.
  • the bearing bush 61 is press-fitted into the bearing bore 63, with its lower end face being arranged sunk in the bearing eye 64.
  • the ball joint pin 56 pressed into the bearing bush 61 protrudes both the bearing bush 61 and the bearing eye 64 with its threaded portion 67 upwards.
  • the pressing device 1 is inserted with its pressing ring segment 31 of the support lever 2 in the bearing bore 63 of the bearing eye 64 in such a way that it lies flat with the end face 68 of its pressing ring segment 31 on the lower end face 69 of the bearing bush 61.
  • the two fork legs 25, 26 of the support fork 24 run around the support pin 56 and end approximately in the area of the support pin axis 66.
  • the adjusting spindle 5 is adjusted with its adjusting nut 6 in height such that the press lever 3 runs approximately parallel to the support lever 2 and with its pressing section 33 or its pressing surface 40 lies flat on the end face 70 of the ball joint 56.
  • the press screw 4 which is provided at its upper press lever end with a press ball 71, is screwed so far through the support lever 2 that it presses with the press ball 71 on the press screw 41 of the actuating section 38 of the press lever 3.
  • the press lever 3 pivots about the pivot axis 51 of the pivot pin 9 mounted in the receiving groove 16 of the support lever 2, so that the support joint pin 56 is pressed down by the press section 33. Since the bearing bush 61 is supported on the press ring segment 31 of the support lever 2, the support joint pin 56 becomes during the pivoting movement of the support lever 2 inevitably pressed out of the bearing bush 61.
  • the press-out device according to the invention can be used for pressing out bearing journals, for example a ball joint journal or a tie rod joint journal of different sizes and designs, by simply exchanging the support lever.
  • a pipe clamp-like receptacle can also be provided as the receiving element, so that the support lever can be fastened, for example, to the steering lever of a tie rod.
  • Such a receiving element may be necessary if the bearing eye of a bearing journal cannot be gripped behind with a support fork.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Auspreßvorrichtung (1) zum Auspressen eines Gelenkzapfens aus einem Lagerauge bestehend aus einem Preßhebel (3) und einem Stützhebel(2), welche miteinander schwenkbar verbunden sind. Der Abstand des Preßhebels (3) und des Stützhebels (2) ist über ein Stellglied (5) voreinstellbar. Zum Auspressen des Gelenkzapfens stützt sich der Stützhebel (2) am Lagerauge ab und der Preßhebel (3) führt gegenüber dem Stützhebel (2) eine durch ein Preßglied (4) bewirkte relative Schwenkbewegung aus und drückt den Gelenkzapfen aus dem Lagerauge. Zum Auspressen von unterschiedlich ausgebildeten Gelenkzapfen und Lageraugen unter unterschiedlichen Einsatzbedingungen ist das Stellglied aus einer Stellspindel (5) mit einem quer verlaufenden Schwenkzapfen (9) gebildet, mit welchem unterschiedliche Stützhebel (2) mit unterschiedlich ausgestalteten Aufnahmeelementen für das Lagerauge wahlweise und austauschbar koppelbar sind. <IMAGE>The invention relates to a squeezing device (1) for squeezing a pivot pin out of a bearing eye consisting of a press lever (3) and a support lever (2) which are pivotally connected to one another. The distance between the press lever (3) and the support lever (2) can be preset using an actuator (5). To press out the hinge pin, the support lever (2) is supported on the bearing eye and the press lever (3) executes a relative pivoting movement caused by a pressing member (4) relative to the support lever (2) and presses the hinge pin out of the bearing eye. The actuator is formed from an adjusting spindle (5) with a transverse pivot pin (9) with which different support levers (2) with differently designed receiving elements for the bearing eye can be selectively and interchangeably coupled in order to press out differently shaped pivot pins and bearing eyes under different operating conditions. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Auspreßvorrichtung zum Auspressen eines Gelenkzapfens aus dem Lagerauge eines Zugehörigen Achsbauteiles einer Kraftfahrzeugachse, bestehend aus einem Preßhebel und einem Stützhebel, welche mittels eines Stellgliedes in einem voreinstellbaren Abstand zueinander miteinander verbunden und gegeneinander verschwenkbar sind, wobei der Preßhebel einen Preßabschnitt aufweist, welcher im Einsatz einem Aufnahmeelement des Stützhebels für das Lagerauge oder das Achsbauteil gegenüberliegend angeordnet ist und wobei der Preßhebel einen seinem Preßabschnitt bezüglich des Stellgliedes diametral gegenüberliegenden Betätigungsabschnitt aufweist, welcher sich im Einsatz zum Ausfuhren der relativen Schwenkbewegung zum Auspressen des Gelenkzapfens über ein Preßglied an einem Stützabschnitt des Stützhebels abstützt.The invention relates to a pressing device for pressing a hinge pin out of the bearing eye of an associated axle component of a motor vehicle axle, consisting of a press lever and a support lever, which are connected to one another at an adjustable distance from one another and can be pivoted relative to one another, the press lever having a press section which in use, a receiving element of the support lever for the bearing eye or the axle component is arranged opposite and wherein the press lever has an actuating section diametrically opposite its press section with respect to the actuator, which in use for carrying out the relative pivoting movement for pressing out the pivot pin via a press member on a support section of the Support lever supports.

Eine Kraftfahrzeugachse, insbesondere die lenkbare Achse eines Kraftfahrzeuges besteht in der Regel aus einem unteren Querlenker, einem Längslenker und aus einem am unteren Querlenker drehbar und schwenkbar befestigten Achsschenkel oder Federbein. Diese Achsbauteile sind in der Regel mittels Traggelenken gelenkig miteinander verbunden, wobei diese Traggelenke Traggelenkzapfen aufweisen, welche in einem konischen Lagerauge des entsprechend zugehörigen Achsbauteiles eingepreßt und mittels einer Befestigungsmutter gesichert sind. Desweiteren sind solche gelenkigen Verbindungen beispielsweise auch zwischen dem Lenkhebel der Lenkung eines Kraftfahrzeuges und der Spurstange vorgesehen. Auch diese gelenkige Verbindung weist einen Gelenkzapfen auf, welcher beispielsweise im Lagerauge des Lenkhebels eingepreßt und ebenfalls mittels einer Mutter dort gesichert ist. Zum Auspressen der Gelenkzapfen aus dem jeweils zugehörigen Lagerauge der Traggelenke oder Spurstangengelenke an der Kraftfahrzeugachse sind verschiedene Auspreßvorrichtungen bekannt, mittels welcher der entsprechende Gelenkzapfen aus dem konisch zulaufenden Lagerauge auspreßbar ist.A motor vehicle axle, in particular the steerable axle of a motor vehicle, generally consists of a lower one Wishbone, a trailing arm and a knuckle or suspension strut that is rotatably and pivotably attached to the lower wishbone. These axle components are generally connected to one another in an articulated manner by means of ball joints, these ball joints having ball joint pins which are pressed into a conical bearing eye of the corresponding axle element and are secured by means of a fastening nut. Furthermore, such articulated connections are also provided, for example, between the steering lever of the steering of a motor vehicle and the tie rod. This articulated connection also has a hinge pin which is pressed, for example, into the bearing eye of the steering lever and is also secured there by means of a nut. Various extrusion devices are known for pressing out the pivot pins from the associated bearing eye of the supporting joints or tie rod joints on the motor vehicle axle, by means of which the corresponding pivot pin can be pressed out of the conically tapering bearing eye.

Da die Traggelenke unterschiedliche Abmessungen aufweisen und auch die Spurstangengelenke sich in ihrer Dimension ebenfalls von den Traggelenken der Kraftfahrzeugachse unterscheiden, sind Auspreßvorrichtungen bekannt geworden, welche entsprechend diesen Dimensionen angepaßt für den jeweils speziellen Einsatz für ganz bestimmte Traggelenke bzw. Spurstangengelenke ausgebildet sind.Since the ball joints have different dimensions and the tie rod joints also differ in their dimensions from the ball joints of the motor vehicle axle, squeezing devices have become known, which are adapted in accordance with these dimensions to the particular use for specific ball joints or tie rod joints.

Die bekannten Auspreßvorrichtungen zur Demontage eines Traggelenkzapfens bzw. eines Spurstangengelenkzapfens bestehen im wesentlichen aus einem Stützelement mit einer Aufnahmegabel, einem Preßhebel, einem Stellglied und aus einem Preßglied zur Betätigung des Preßhebels.The known squeezing devices for dismantling a ball joint pin or a tie rod pivot pin essentially consist of a support element with a receiving fork, a press lever, an actuator and a press member for actuating the press lever.

Bei einer bekannten Ausführungsform einer Auspreßvorrichtung (FR 2 134 741) ist das Stellglied als Stellspindel ausgebildet und verbindet das Stützelement mit dem Preßhebel. Zur Einstellung des Abstandes zwischen dem als Stützhebel ausgebildeten Stützelement und dem Preßhebel ist die Stellspindel durch eine zentrale Durchgangsbohrung des Preßhebels hindurchgesteckt und mit einer Stellmutter versehen. An ihrem der Stellmutter gegenübeliegenden freien Ende weist die Stellspindel einen Lagerring auf, durch welchen ein Lagerzapfen hindurchsteckbar ist, auf welchem der Stützhebel begrenzt schwenkbar gelagert ist, wobei der Lagerzapfen festsitzend im Stützhebel angeordnet ist. Der Stützhebel ist in zwei Gabelschenkel aufgeteilt und weist an seinem einen Ende eine in ihrer Breite einstellbare Aufnahmegabel auf, welche zur Aufnahme des Lagerauges eines Traggelenkes oder eines Spurstangengelenkes dient. An seinem der Aufnahmegabel gegenüberliegenden Ende sind die beiden Gabelholme elastisch miteinander verbunden, wobei dieser elastische Verbindungsbereich gleichzeitig eine Druckfläche für eine Preßschraube bildet. Zwischen dieser Druckfläche und der Aufnahmegabel ist der Lagerzapfen vorgesehen, um welchen der Stützhebel schwenkbar ist. Im Einsatz liegen der Preßhebel und der Stützhebel in einer gemeinsamen Ebene. Im Preßhebel der Preßfläche des Stützhebels gegenüberliegend ist die Preßschraube in ein entsprechendes Durchgangsgewinde eingeschraubt und im Einsatz gegen die Preßfläche des Stützhebels preßbar, so daß zum Ausdrücken des Gelenkzapfens aus seinem Lagerauge eine entsprechende relative Schwenkbewegung des Stützhebels zum Preßhebel bewirkt wird. Der Preßhebel ist mit einem Preßabschnitt versehen, welcher der Aufnahmegabel des Stützhebels im Abstand gegenüberliegt. Durch Verstellen der Stellmutter auf der Stellspindel, ist der Abstand zwischem dem Preßhebel und dem Stützhebel variabel einstellbar, wobei in bevorzugter Auspreßlage die beiden Hebel, der Preßhebel und der Stützhebel etwa parallel zueinander verlaufend am Lagerauge des Traggelenkes oder auch Spurstangengelenkes ansetzbar sind. Zur Anpassung der Aufnahmegabel an die Größe des Lagerauges ist der Lagerzapfen der Aufnahmegabel als Stellsschraube ausgebildet und in einem Gabelholm festsitzend gelagert und dort durch einen Sicherungsring unverlierbar gesichert. Die beiden Gabelholme sind im Bereich des Lagerzapfens im Abstand voneinander angeordnet, so daß die Stellspindel mit ihrem Lagerring auf dem Lagerzapfen zwischen den Gabelholmen drehbar aufgenommen ist. Der Lagerzapfen durchragt den zweiten Gabelholm mit einem Gewindeabschnitt, auf welchen außenseitig eine Flügelmutter aufgeschraubt ist, mittels welcher der Abstand der beiden Gabelholme variabel einstellbar ist. Durch diese variable Einstellbarkeit des Abstandes der Gabelholme voneinander ist die Maulweite der Aufnahmegabel unterschiedlichen Abmessungen eines Lagerauges von Traggelenken oder Spurstangengelenken anpassbar. Durch die nachgiebige Konstruktion der beiden Gabelholme ist allerdings nur eine geringe Stabilität der bekannten Auspreßvorrichtung erreichbar, so daß mit der bekannten Auspreßvorrichtung äußerst festsitzende Gelenkzapfen nicht ohne Beschädigung der Auspreßvorrichtung auspreßbar sind. Desweiteren ist bei der bekannten Auspreßvorrichtung vorgesehen, die Preßschraube nicht im Ende des Preßhebels einzuschrauben, sondern diese um 180° gewendet in den Stützhebel einzuschrauben, wobei sie sich dann beim Auspreßvorgang in entsprechender Weise am Ende des Preßhebels zur Ausführung der erforderlichen Schwenkbewegung abstützt. Dadurch tritt eine zusätzliche Schwächung des Stützhebels im Verbindungsbereich der beiden Gabelholme auf, da das Durchgangsgewinde für die Preßschraube direkt in elastischen Verbindungsbereich der Gabelholme angeordnet ist. Dies führt wiederum dazu, daß nur geringe Auspreßkräfte mit der bekannten Auspreßvorrichtung aufbringbar sind.In a known embodiment of a squeezing device (FR 2 134 741), the actuator is designed as an adjusting spindle and connects the support element to the press lever. To adjust the distance between the support element designed as a support lever and the press lever, the adjusting spindle is inserted through a central through hole of the press lever and provided with an adjusting nut. At its free end opposite the adjusting nut, the adjusting spindle has a bearing ring, through which a bearing pin can be inserted, on which the support lever is pivotally supported to a limited extent, the bearing pin being fixed in the support lever. The support lever is divided into two fork legs and has at one end a width-adjustable receiving fork which serves to receive the bearing eye of a support joint or a tie rod joint. At its end opposite the receiving fork, the two fork legs are elastically connected to one another, this elastic connecting area simultaneously forming a pressure surface for a compression screw. Between this pressure surface and the receiving fork the bearing pin is provided, around which the support lever can be pivoted. In use, the press lever and the support lever lie in a common plane. In the press lever of the press surface of the support lever opposite the press screw is screwed into a corresponding through-thread and can be pressed against the press surface of the support lever in use, so that a corresponding relative pivoting movement of the support lever to the press lever is effected for pressing out the pivot pin from its bearing eye. The press lever is provided with a press section which is spaced apart from the support fork of the support lever. By adjusting the adjusting nut on the adjusting spindle, the distance between the press lever and the support lever can be variably adjusted, with the two levers, the press lever and the support lever being able to be placed approximately parallel to one another on the bearing eye of the support joint or tie rod joint in a preferred squeezing position. In order to adapt the receiving fork to the size of the bearing eye, the bearing pin of the receiving fork is designed as an adjusting screw and is fixedly seated in a fork leg and secured there captively by a locking ring. The two fork legs are arranged at a distance from one another in the region of the bearing journal, so that the adjusting spindle with its bearing ring is rotatably received on the bearing journal between the fork legs. The journal extends through the second fork leg a threaded section on which a wing nut is screwed on the outside, by means of which the distance between the two fork legs can be variably adjusted. Due to this variable adjustability of the distance between the fork legs from one another, the mouth width of the receiving fork can be adapted to different dimensions of a bearing eye of ball joints or tie rod joints. Due to the flexible construction of the two fork legs, however, only a slight stability of the known squeezing device can be achieved, so that extremely tight articulated pins cannot be squeezed out without damaging the squeezing device with the known squeezing device. Furthermore, it is provided in the known squeezing device that the press screw is not screwed into the end of the press lever, but instead is turned through 180 ° into the support lever, and is then supported in a corresponding manner at the end of the press lever during the squeezing process to carry out the required pivoting movement. This results in an additional weakening of the support lever in the connection area of the two fork legs, since the through thread for the compression screw is arranged directly in the elastic connection area of the fork legs. This in turn means that only low squeezing forces can be applied with the known squeezing device.

Bei einer weiteren bekannten Auspreßvorrichtung (FR 2 188 481) ist als Stützelement eine Stützplatte vorgesehen, welche mit mehreren Aufnahmegabeln unterschiedlicher Abmessungen versehen ist. Bei dieser bekannten Auspreßvorrichtung ist der Preßhebel an der Stellspindel mit einem den Preßhebel und die Stellspindel durchragenden Lagerzapfen schwenkbar gelagert, wobei der Lagerzapfen festsitzend im Preßhebel angeordnet ist. Die Einstellung des Abstandes zwischen der Stützplatte und dem Preßhebel erfolgt durch eine Stellmutter, welche außenseitig auf die Stellspindel aufgeschraubt ist und durch deren Betätigung die Stützplatte entlang der Stellspindel verschiebbar ist. Um den Abstand auch außerhalb des Einsatzes zwischen der Stützplatte und dem Preßhebel sicherzustellen, ist zwischen diesen beiden eine Schraubenfeder vorgesehen, durch welche der jeweils eingestellte Abstand zwischen dem Preßhebel und der Stützplatte auch außerhalb des Einsatzes durch die Vorspannkraft der Schraubendruckfeder gehalten wird.In another known squeezing device (FR 2 188 481), a support plate is provided as a support element, which is provided with a plurality of receiving forks of different dimensions. In this known squeezing device, the press lever is pivotally mounted on the adjusting spindle with a bearing pin projecting through the press lever and the adjusting spindle, the bearing pin being arranged firmly in the press lever. The distance between the support plate and the press lever is adjusted by means of an adjusting nut which is screwed onto the outside of the adjusting spindle and the actuation of which allows the supporting plate to be displaced along the adjusting spindle. In order to ensure the distance even outside of the insert between the support plate and the press lever, a coil spring is provided between these two, by means of which the respectively set distance between the press lever and the support plate is also held outside the insert by the biasing force of the helical compression spring.

Diese bekannte Auspreßvorrichtung ist zwar für bestimmte Abmessungen von Traggelenken oder auch Spurstangengelenken zum Auspressen des Gelenkzapfens geeignet, weist aber aufgrund der Abmessungen der Stützplatte den Nachteil auf, daß bei beengten räumlichen Verhältnissen an einer Kraftfahrzeugachse diese bekannte Auspreßvorrichtung nicht einsetzbar ist. Desweiteren ist diese Auspreßvorrichtung auch nur für Traggelenke bzw. Spurstangengelenke einsetzbar, an deren Lagerauge eine der drei vorhandenen Aufnahmegabeln passend ansetzbar ist.This known pressing device is suitable for certain dimensions of ball joints or tie rod joints for pressing out the pivot pin, but has the disadvantage due to the dimensions of the support plate that this known pressing device cannot be used in confined spaces on a motor vehicle axle. Furthermore, this squeezing device can also only be used for ball joints or tie rod joints, on the bearing eye of which one of the three available mounting forks can be fitted appropriately.

Demgemäß liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Auspreßvorrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art derart auszugestalten, daß sie bei kostengünstiger Herstellung variabel zum Auspressen von unterschiedlich ausgebildeten Gelenklagern unter unterschiedlichen Einsatzbedingungen einsetzbar ist.Accordingly, the invention has for its object to design a squeezing device of the generic type in such a way that it can be used variably for squeezing out differently designed spherical bearings under different conditions of use with inexpensive manufacture.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß das Stellglied aus einer Stellspindel besteht, welche an ihrem einen Ende einen quer zur Stellspindel verlaufenden Schwenkzapfen aufweist, und
daß mehrere Stützhebel mit unterschiedlich ausgestalteten Aufnahmeelementen vorgesehen sind, welche wahlweise und austauschbar mit dem Schwenkzapfen schwenkbar koppelbar sind.The object is achieved according to the invention in that the actuator consists of an adjusting spindle which has at one end a pivot pin running transversely to the adjusting spindle, and
that several support levers are provided with differently designed receiving elements, which are selectively and interchangeably coupled to the pivot pin.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung wird eine variabel einsetzbare Auspreßvorrichtung zur Verfügung gestellt, bei welcher der Stützhebel in einfacher Weise am Schwenkzapfen auswechselbar angeordnet ist, so daß unterschiedliche Stützhebel einfach und schnell für verschiedene Einsatzzwecke am Stellglied schwenkbar befestigbar sind. Somit können für verschiedene Einsatzzwecke verschiedene Stützhebel mit unterschiedlichen Aufnahmeelementen für das Traggelenk oder auch für das Spurstangengelenk verwendet werden, ohne daß, wie dies bei den vorbekannten Auspreßvorrichtungen bekannt ist, die komplette Auspreßvorrichtung in unterschiedlichen Ausgestaltungen gefertigt werden müßte. Dadurch, daß der Stützhebel und auch der Preßhebel als einfache, quaderartige, gegeneinander verschwenkbare Hebel ausgebildet sind, ist die erfindungsgemäße Auspreßvorrichtung auch bei ungünstigen räumlichen Bedingungen an einer Kraftfahrzeugachse jederzeit einsetzbar. Die lösbare Verbindung des Stützhebels am Schwenkzapfen der Stellspindel gemäß Anspruch 2 erlaubt eine äußerst einfache Auswechslung des Stützhebels am Schwenkzapfen, indem der Stützhebel entlang der Stellspindel in Richtung des Preßhebels niedergedrückt wird, so daß der Schwenkzapfen der Stellspindel aus der Aufnahmenut des Stützhebels herausgleitet. Der so aus der Aufnahmenut des Stützhebels herausragende Schwenkzapfen kann in dieser Position in einfacher Weise um etwa 90° gedreht werden, so daß er beim anschließenden Anheben des Stützhebels durch das im Stützhebel befindliche Langloch hindurchgleiten kann und der Stützhebel auf diese Weise freigegeben wird. Beim Montieren des Stützhebels wird in umgekehrter Reihenfolge verfahren. Der Stützhebel wird dabei mit seinem Langloch über den Schwenkzapfen gedrückt, bis der Schwenkzapfen durch das Langloch hindurch über die Außenseite des Stützhebels übersteht und dort wiederum um 90° gedreht werden kann. In dieser Stellung ist der Stützhebel in einfacher Weise mit der Aufnahmenut in Eingriff bringbar.The configuration according to the invention provides a variably usable squeezing device in which the support lever is arranged in an exchangeable manner on the pivot pin so that different support levers can be fastened to the actuator simply and quickly for different purposes. Different support levers with different mounting elements can thus be used for different purposes can be used for the ball joint or also for the tie rod joint without, as is known in the known pressing devices, the complete pressing device having to be manufactured in different configurations. Because the support lever and the press lever are designed as simple, cuboid levers that can be pivoted relative to one another, the press-out device according to the invention can be used at any time on a motor vehicle axle, even under unfavorable spatial conditions. The releasable connection of the support lever on the pivot pin of the adjusting spindle according to claim 2 allows an extremely simple replacement of the support lever on the pivot pin by depressing the support lever along the adjusting spindle in the direction of the press lever, so that the pivot pin of the adjusting spindle slides out of the receiving groove of the support lever. The pivot pin thus protruding from the receiving groove of the support lever can be rotated in this position in a simple manner by approximately 90 °, so that when the support lever is subsequently lifted it can slide through the elongated hole in the support lever and the support lever is released in this way. When assembling the support lever, the procedure is reversed. The support lever is pressed with its elongated hole over the pivot pin until the pivot pin protrudes through the elongated hole over the outside of the support lever and there again can be rotated by 90 °. In this position, the support lever can be brought into engagement with the receiving groove in a simple manner.

Durch die unterschiedliche Anordenbarkeit der Preßschraube einmal im Stützabschnitt des Stützhebels oder wahlweise im Betätigungsabschnitt des Preßhebels ist die Auspreßvorrichtung in verschiedenen Lagen einsetzbar, wobei der Antriebssechskant stets so anordenbar ist, daß er frei beispielsweise von unten unterhalb eines Kraftfahrzeuges zugänglich und damit betätigbar ist. Zum Abstützen beim Auspressvorgang an dem jeweils gegenüberliegenden Betätigungsabschnitt oder auch dem Stützabschnitt ist in der dort vorgesehenen Gewindebohrung eine entsprechende Preßfläche vorgesehen, welche beispielsweise gemäß Anspruch 5 durch eine auswechselbar eingeschraubte Druckschraube gebildet sein kann.Due to the different arrangement of the press screw once in the support section of the support lever or optionally in the actuation section of the press lever, the squeezing device can be used in different positions, the drive hexagon always being able to be arranged such that it is freely accessible, for example from below, below a motor vehicle and can thus be actuated. For support during the pressing-out process on the opposite actuating section or also on the supporting section, a corresponding pressing surface is provided in the threaded bore provided there, which can be formed, for example, by an interchangeably screwed-in pressure screw.

Durch die gemäß Anspruch 6 vorgesehene koaxial zur Stellspindel verlaufende Schraubenfeder wird der Stützhebel stets in seiner mit dem Lagerzapfen in Eingriff befindlichen Position gehalten, so daß der Lagerzapfen nicht versehentlich aus der Aufnahmenut des Stützhebels herausrutschen kann. Durch den vorgesehenen Zentrierring wird sichergestellt, daß die Schraubenfeder nicht versehentlich im Langloch des Stützhebels bei der Demontage und auch bei der Montage einklemmen kann, so daß der Auswechselvorgang des Stützhebels sicher durchführbar ist.Due to the provided coaxially to the adjusting screw coil spring, the support lever is always held in its engaged position with the bearing pin, so that the bearing pin cannot accidentally slip out of the receiving groove of the support lever. The provided centering ring ensures that the coil spring is not accidentally in the slot of the support lever during disassembly and also can jam during assembly, so that the replacement process of the support lever can be carried out safely.

Durch die Ausgestaltung gemäß Anspruch 7 sind äußerst große Preßkräfte zum Auspressen des Gelenkzapfens aus seinem jeweils zugehörigen Lagerauge des Achsbauteiles aufbringbar.Due to the configuration according to claim 7, extremely large pressing forces can be applied to press out the pivot pin from its associated bearing eye of the axle component.

Durch die Ausgestaltung gemäß Anspruch 8 wird eine äußerst einfache Einstellung des Abstandes zwischen dem Stützhebel und dem Preßhebel sichergestellt, so daß die erfindungsgemäße Auspreßvorrichtung den Größenverhältnissen eines Gelenklagers stets in einfacher Weise anpaßbar ist.The configuration according to claim 8 ensures an extremely simple adjustment of the distance between the support lever and the press lever, so that the squeezing device according to the invention can always be easily adapted to the size relationships of a spherical plain bearing.

Anhand der Zeichnung wird im folgenden die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 die einzelnen Bauteile der erfindungsgemäßen Auspreßvorrichtung in perspektivischer Darstellung;
  • Fig. 2 die Auspreßvorrichtung im zusammengebauten Zustand in perspektivischer Darstellung;
  • Fig. 3 eine Schnittdarstellung der Auspreßvorrichtung aus Fig. 2 im Einsatz an einem Achstraggelenk.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the drawing. It shows:
  • Figure 1 shows the individual components of the squeezing device according to the invention in a perspective view.
  • Figure 2 shows the extrusion device in the assembled state in a perspective view.
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the squeezing device from Fig. 2 in use on an axle support.

Fig. 1 zeigt die einzelnen Bauteile eines Ausführungsbeispieles einer erfindungsgemäßen Auspreßvorrichtung 1 in perspektivischer Explosionsdarstellung. Die Auspreßvorrichtung 1 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Stützhebel 2, einem Preßhebel 3, einer Preßschraube 4 sowie einer Stellspindel 5 mit Stellmutter 6.Fig. 1 shows the individual components of an embodiment of an extrusion device 1 according to the invention in a perspective exploded view. The squeezing device 1 consists essentially of a support lever 2, a press lever 3, a press screw 4 and an adjusting spindle 5 with adjusting nut 6.

Die Stellspindel ist an ihrem einen Ende 7 mit einem quer zur Längsmittelachse 8 der Stellspindel 5 verlaufenden Schwenkzapfen 9 versehen, welcher symmetrisch zur Längsmittelachse 8 der Stellspindel 5 angeordnet ist und diese radial überragt. Desweiteren weist die Stellspindel 5 einen Gewindeabschnitt 10 auf, mit welchem sie mit der Stellmutter 6 in Eingriff bringbar ist.The adjusting spindle is provided at its one end 7 with a pivot pin 9 which extends transversely to the longitudinal central axis 8 of the adjusting spindle 5 and which is arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal central axis 8 of the adjusting spindle 5 and projects radially beyond it. Furthermore, the adjusting spindle 5 has a threaded section 10 with which it can be brought into engagement with the adjusting nut 6.

Die Stellmutter 6 ist als Bundschaftmutter ausgebildet und weist einen Zylinderabschnitt 11 sowie einen Antriebssechskant 12 auf, welche durch einen umlaufenden, sich radial nach außen erstreckenden Ringbund 13 getrennt sind. Der Ringbund 13 bildet zum Zylinderabschnitt 11 hin eine umlaufende Anschlagfläche 14, wobei zumindest im Bereich des Zylinderabschnittes 11 ein entsprechendes, an den Gewindeabschnitt 10 angepasstes Mutterngewinde 15 vorgesehen ist.The adjusting nut 6 is designed as a collar nut and has a cylinder section 11 and a drive hexagon 12, which are separated by a circumferential, radially outwardly extending annular collar 13. The annular collar 13 forms a circumferential stop surface 14 towards the cylinder section 11, a corresponding nut thread 15 being adapted to the threaded section 10 being provided at least in the region of the cylinder section 11.

Der Stützhebel ist oberseitig mit einer zweigeteilten Aufnahmenut 16 versehen, welche sich quer zur Längsmittelachse 17 des Stützhebels 2 bis annähernd an dessen längsverlaufenden Außenseiten 10, 19 erstreckt. Die Aufnahmenut ist dabei etwa halbzylindrisch ausgebildet und in der Oberseite 20 des Stützhebels 2 versenkt angeordnet.The upper side of the support lever is provided with a two-part receiving groove 16, which extends transversely to the longitudinal central axis 17 of the support lever 2 to approximately on its longitudinal outer sides 10, 19. The receiving groove is approximately semi-cylindrical and sunk in the top 20 of the support lever 2.

Durch die Aufnahmenut 16 ist der Stützhebel in einen Aufnahmeabschnitt 21 und einen Stützabschnitt 22 unterteilt, wobei der Stützabschnitt 22 wenigstens doppelt so lang ausgebildet ist, wie der Aufnahmeabschnitt 21. Im hinteren Endbereich des Stützabschnittes 22 ist ein Durchgangsgewinde 23 vorgesehen, welches etwa rechtwinklig zur horizontalen Längsmittelebene (in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt) des Stützhebels verläuft.Through the receiving groove 16, the support lever is divided into a receiving section 21 and a supporting section 22, the supporting section 22 being at least twice as long as the receiving section 21. In the rear end region of the supporting section 22, a through thread 23 is provided, which is approximately perpendicular to the horizontal Longitudinal median plane (not shown in the drawing) of the support lever.

Der Aufnahmeabschnitt 21 weist ein Aufnahmeelement in Form einer Stützgabel 24 auf, welche zwei Gabelholme 25 und 26 bildet, welche in einer gemeinsamen quer zur Längsmittelachse 17 des Stützhebels verlaufenden Vertikalebene enden. Die Stützgabel ist dabei mehrfach abgesetzt ausgebildet und weist in ihrem unteren Bereich eine etwa halbzylindrisch ausgebildete Ausnehmung 27 auf. Oberhalb dieser Ausnehmung 27 ist eine weitere Ausnehmung 28 vorgesehen, welche in ihrem Durchmesser größer ausgebildet ist, als die Ausnehmung 27. Weiter ist oberhalb der zweiten Ausnehmung 28 eine etwa rechteckige Einsenkung 29 vorgesehen, welche zur Stirnseite 30 des Stützhebels 2 hin offen ausgebildet ist. Diese abegesetzte Ausbildung der Stützgabel, wie sie in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, dient zur Anpassung an bestimmte vorgegebene Formgebungen eines Traggelenkes oder auch eines Spurstangengelenkes, so daß die Stützgabel im Bereich des Gelenkkopfes dieser Gelenke an diesem Gelenk ansetzbar ist, wie dies beispielhaft in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist.The receiving section 21 has a receiving element in the form of a support fork 24, which forms two fork legs 25 and 26, which end in a common vertical plane running transverse to the longitudinal central axis 17 of the support lever. The support fork is designed to be offset several times and has an approximately semi-cylindrical recess 27 in its lower region. Above this recess 27 there is a further recess 28, which is larger in diameter than the recess 27. Furthermore, an approximately rectangular depression 29 is provided above the second recess 28, which is open towards the end face 30 of the support lever 2. This remote design of the support fork, as shown in FIG. 1, is used to adapt to certain predetermined shapes a support joint or a tie rod joint, so that the support fork can be attached to this joint in the region of the joint head of these joints, as is shown by way of example in FIG. 3.

Desweiteren ist die Stützgabel 24 mit einem etwa halbkreisförmig, stegartig ausgebildeten Preßringsegment 31 versehen, welcher den Stützhebel 2 in der dargestellten Lage nach unten überragt.Furthermore, the support fork 24 is provided with an approximately semicircular, web-shaped press ring segment 31, which projects downward beyond the support lever 2 in the position shown.

Im Bereich der Aufnahmenut 16 des Stützhebels 2 ist ein zentraler, sich in Längsrichtung des Stützhebels 2 erstreckender Durchbruch 32 vorgesehen, welcher auf die geometrischen Abmessungen des Schwenkzapfens 9 der Stellspindel 5 derart abgestimmt ist, daß die Stellspindel 5 mit ihrem Schwenkzapfen 9 durch den Durchbruch 32 hindurchsteckbar ist. Durch den Durchbruch 32 ist die Aufnahmenut 16 in zwei seitlich angeordnete etwa halbzylindrische Bestandteile, wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, unterteilt. Der Durchbruch 32 erstreckt sich aufgrund der äußerst dichten Anordnung der abgesetzt ausgebildeten Stützkabel im wesentlichen im Bereich des Stützabschnittes 22 und ist symmetrisch zur Längsmittelachse 17 des Stützhebels 2 in diesem angeordnet.In the area of the receiving groove 16 of the support lever 2 there is a central opening 32 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the support lever 2 and which is matched to the geometric dimensions of the pivot pin 9 of the adjusting spindle 5 such that the adjusting spindle 5 with its pivot pin 9 through the opening 32 can be pushed through. Through the opening 32, the receiving groove 16 is divided into two laterally arranged approximately semi-cylindrical components, as can be seen in FIG. 1. The opening 32 extends due to the extremely dense arrangement of the stepped support cables essentially in the region of the support section 22 and is arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal central axis 17 of the support lever 2 in this.

Der Preßhebel 3 weist einen Preßabschnitt 33 auf, welcher im Einsatz direkt, wie dies auch in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, der Stützgabel 24 des Stützhebels 2 gegenüberliegend angeordnet ist. Der Preßabschnitt 33 ist dabei in seiner Länge etwas länger ausgebildet, als die Stützgabel 24. Desweiteren weist der Preßhebel 3 eine zentrale Durchgangsbohrung 34 auf, welche zur Aufnahme der Stellmutter 6 mit ihrem Zylinderabschnitt 11 dient. Dabei ist die Länge des Zylinderabschnittes 11 der Stellmutter 6 auf die Länge der Durchgangsbohrung derart abgestimmt, daß sie bei vollständig in die Durchgangsbohrung 34 eingesetzter Stellmutter 6, d.h. wenn diese mit ihrer Anschlagfläche 14 auf der Unterseite 35 des Preßhebels anliegt, mit ihrer oberen Stirnfläche 36 etwa bündig mit der äußeren Planfläche 37 des Preßhebels 3 abschließt. Durch die zentrale Durchgangsbohrung 34 ist der Preßhebel 3 einerseits in den vorderen Preßabschnitt 33 wie auch in einen hinteren Betätigungsabschnitt 38 unterteilt. Im hinteren Endbereich des Betätigungsabschnittes ist eine vertikale Gewindebohrung 39 vorgesehen, welche als Durchgangsgewinde ausgebildet ist. Der Preßhebel 3 bildet mit seinem Preßabschnitt 33 eine Preßfläche 40, welche der Stützgabel 24 des Stützhebels 2 gegenüberliegend angeordnet ist (siehe auch Fig. 2). Die Gewindebohrung 39 weist denselben Durchmesser auf, wie die Gewindebohrung 23 des Stützhebels 2. Bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel dient die Gewindebohrung 39 zur Aufnahme einer Druckschraube 41, welche in die Gewindebohrung 39 so weit einschraubbar ist, wie sie mit ihrem radial vorstehenden, umlaufenden Bundschaft 42 auf der Oberseite 43 des Betätigungsabschnittes 38 aufliegt.The press lever 3 has a press section 33 which, in use, as shown in FIG. 1, is directly opposite the support fork 24 of the support lever 2 is arranged. The length of the press section 33 is somewhat longer than that of the support fork 24. Furthermore, the press lever 3 has a central through-bore 34 which serves to receive the adjusting nut 6 with its cylinder section 11. The length of the cylinder section 11 of the adjusting nut 6 is matched to the length of the through hole in such a way that when the adjusting nut 6 is fully inserted into the through hole 34, that is to say when the abutment surface 14 bears on the underside 35 of the press lever, with its upper end face 36 approximately flush with the outer plane surface 37 of the press lever 3. Through the central through bore 34, the press lever 3 is divided into the front press section 33 and also into a rear actuation section 38. In the rear end area of the actuating section, a vertical threaded bore 39 is provided, which is designed as a through thread. The press lever 3 forms with its press section 33 a press surface 40 which is arranged opposite the support fork 24 of the support lever 2 (see also FIG. 2). The threaded bore 39 has the same diameter as the threaded bore 23 of the support lever 2. In the present exemplary embodiment, the threaded bore 39 serves to receive a pressure screw 41 which can be screwed into the threaded bore 39 as far as it can with its radially projecting, circumferential collar 42 rests on the top 43 of the actuating section 38.

Die Preßschraube 4, welche mit ihrem Gewindeabschnitt 44 in das Durchgangsgewinde 23 einschraubbar ist, weist zu dessen Betätigung einen Antriebssechskant 45 auf.The compression screw 4, which can be screwed into the through thread 23 with its threaded portion 44, has a drive hexagon 45 for its actuation.

Als weiteres Bauteil ist eine Schraubenfeder 46 vorgesehen, welche im zusammengebauten Zustand der Auspreßvorrichtung 1, wie dies beispielsweise in den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellt ist, koaxial zur Stellspindel 5 verlaufend zwischen dem Stützhebel 2 und dem Preßhebel 3 angeordnet ist. Diese Schraubenfeder 46 hat die Aufgabe, den Stützhebel 2 und den Preßhebel 3 in einem durch die Stellspindel 5 und die Stellmutter 6 eingestellten vorgegebenen Abstand in unbelastetem Zustand zu halten. Um zu verhindern, daß sich die Schraubenfeder 46 im zusammengebauten Zustand im Durchbruch 32 des Stützhebels verklemmen kann, ist stützhebelseitig ein Zentrierring 47 vorgesehen, welcher eine stützhebelseitige Kreisringfläche 48 aufweist, mit welcher der Zentrierring 47 im zusammengebauten Zustand an der Unterseite 49 des Stützhebels 2 aufliegt. Zur zentrierten Aufnahme der Schraubenfeder 46 weist der Zentrierring 47 einen umlaufenden Zentriersteg 50 auf, welcher die Schraubenfeder 46 im zusammengebauten Zustand vollständig in Umfangsrichtung umschließt.As a further component, a helical spring 46 is provided, which in the assembled state of the squeezing device 1, as shown for example in FIGS. 2 and 3, is arranged coaxially to the adjusting spindle 5 between the support lever 2 and the press lever 3. This coil spring 46 has the task of keeping the support lever 2 and the press lever 3 in a non-loaded state at a predetermined distance set by the adjusting spindle 5 and the adjusting nut 6. In order to prevent the coil spring 46 from jamming in the opening 32 of the support lever in the assembled state, a centering ring 47 is provided on the support lever side, which has a circular surface 48 on the support lever side, with which the centering ring 47 rests on the underside 49 of the support lever 2 in the assembled state . For centering the helical spring 46, the centering ring 47 has a circumferential centering web 50 which, in the assembled state, completely surrounds the helical spring 46 in the circumferential direction.

Fig. 2 zeigt die Auspreßvorrichtung 1 aus Fig. 1 in perspektivischer Darstellung und in zusammengebauten Zustand. Die Stellspindel 5 ist dabei mit ihrem Schwenkzapfen 9 in der Aufnahmenut 16 des Stützhebels 2 versenkt angeordnet, wobei der Stützhebel 2 zumindest begrenzt um die Schwenkachse 51 des Schwenkzapfens 9 schwenkbar gelagert ist. Ausgehend von ihrem Schwenkzapfen 9 durchragt die Stellspindel 5 den Durchbruch 32 des Stützhebels 2 nach unten. Die Stellmutter 6 ist mit ihrem Zylinderabschnitt 11 in die zentrale Durchgangsbohrung 34 des Preßhebels 3 eingesetzt und auf den nach unten ragenden Gewindeabschnitt 10 der Stellspindel aufgeschraubt, so daß der Stützhebel und der Preßhebel einen durch die Anschlagfläche 14 des Ringbundes 13 der Stellspindel 6 und die Lagerung des Stützhebels am Schwenkzapfen 9 einen vorbestimmten Abstand voneinander aufweisen. Dieser vorbestimmte Abstand ist, wie einfach aus Fig. 2 vorstellbar ist, durch weiteres Aufschrauben oder Lösen der Stellmutter auf der Stellspindel variabel einstellbar. Um diesen voreingestellten Abstand zwischen dem Stützhebel und dem Preßhebel 3 auch in unbelastetem Zustand einzuhalten, ohne daß der Schwenkzapfen 9 der Stellspindel 5 aus der Aufnahmenut 16 des Stützhebels 2 herausrutscht, ist die Schraubenfeder 46 mit Vorspannung zwischen dem Preßhebel 3 und dem Stützhebel 2 koaxial zur Stellspindel 5 verlaufend angeordnet. Stützhebelseitig ist dabei der Zentrierring 47 vorgesehen, über welchen sich die Schraubenfeder 46 an der Unterseite 49 des Stützhebels 2 abstützt, so daß sich die Schraubenfeder 46 nicht versehentlich zwischen der Stellspindel 5 und dem Durchbruch 42 des Stützhebels einklemmen kann. Desweiteren dient, wie bereits erwähnt, der Zentrierring 47 zur zentrierten koaxialen Aufnahme des oberen Endes der Schraubenfeder 46.FIG. 2 shows the extrusion device 1 from FIG. 1 in a perspective representation and in the assembled state. The adjusting spindle 5 is arranged with its pivot pin 9 countersunk in the receiving groove 16 of the support lever 2, the support lever 2 being pivoted at least to a limited extent about the pivot axis 51 of the pivot pin 9. Starting from its pivot pin 9, the adjusting spindle 5 projects through the opening 32 of the support lever 2 downwards. The adjusting nut 6 is inserted with its cylinder section 11 into the central through bore 34 of the press lever 3 and screwed onto the downwardly projecting threaded section 10 of the adjusting spindle, so that the support lever and the press lever one through the stop surface 14 of the collar 13 of the adjusting spindle 6 and the bearing of the support lever on the pivot pin 9 have a predetermined distance from each other. This predetermined distance, as can be easily imagined from FIG. 2, is variably adjustable by further screwing on or loosening the adjusting nut on the adjusting spindle. In order to maintain this preset distance between the support lever and the press lever 3 even in the unloaded state without the pivot pin 9 of the adjusting spindle 5 slipping out of the receiving groove 16 of the support lever 2, the helical spring 46 is preloaded coaxially between the press lever 3 and the support lever 2 Adjusting spindle 5 arranged continuously. The centering ring is on the support lever side 47 is provided, via which the coil spring 46 is supported on the underside 49 of the support lever 2, so that the coil spring 46 cannot accidentally get caught between the adjusting spindle 5 and the opening 42 of the support lever. Furthermore, as already mentioned, the centering ring 47 serves for the centered coaxial reception of the upper end of the helical spring 46.

In der gezeigten Lage verlaufen der Stützhebel 2 und der Preßhebel 3 in etwa parallel zueinander, wobei sie in einer gemeinsamen Vertikalebene angeordnet sind. Aus Fig. 2 ist ebenfalls ersichtlich, daß die Stützgabel 24 des Stützhebels 2 vertikal oberhalb bzw. gegenüberliegend dem Preßabschnitt 33 des Preßhebels 3 angeordnet ist. Der dem Betätigungsabschnitt 38 gegenüberliegende Stützabschnitt 22 des Stützhebels 2 ist in seinem Durchgangsgewinde 23 mit der Preßschraube 4 versehen, welche durch das Durchgangsgewinde 23 von oben nach unten hindurchgeschraubt ist und mit einer Druckspitze 52 in der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Lage auf dem Schraubenkopf der Druckschraube 41 gerade aufliegt. Die Druckschraube 41 ist dabei in die Gewindebohrung 39 (in Fig. 2 nicht sichtbar) festsitzend eingeschraubt.In the position shown, the support lever 2 and the press lever 3 run approximately parallel to one another, wherein they are arranged in a common vertical plane. From Fig. 2 it can also be seen that the support fork 24 of the support lever 2 is arranged vertically above or opposite the press section 33 of the press lever 3. The support section 22 of the support lever 2 opposite the actuating section 38 is provided in its through thread 23 with the compression screw 4, which is screwed through the through thread 23 from top to bottom and with a pressure tip 52 in the position shown in FIG. 2 on the screw head of the pressure screw 41 just lies on. The pressure screw 41 is screwed tightly into the threaded bore 39 (not visible in FIG. 2).

Durch den im Stützhebel 2 vorgesehenen Durchbruch 32, welcher in seiner Länge der Länge des Schwenkzapfens 9 angepaßt ist, ist der Stützhebel 2 in einfacher Weise vom Schwenkzapfen 9 abnehmbar. Dazu muß lediglich bei zumindest teilweise herausgedrehter Preßschraube 4 der Stützhebel entlang der Stellspindel 5 in Richtung des Pfeiles 53 niedergedrückt werden, so daß der Schwenkzapfen 9, nachdem er von der Aufnahmenut 16 vollständig freigegeben worden ist, um 90° um die Längsmittelachse 8 der Stellspindel zusammen mit der Stellspindel 5 verdrehbar ist. Durch einfaches Verschieben des Stützhebels 2 nach vorne in Richtung des Pfeiles 54 kann der Schwenkzapfen mit dem Durchbruch 32 in Überdeckung gebracht werden, so daß beim Anheben des Stützhebels in Richtung des Pfeiles 55 der Stützhebel mit seinem Durchbruch über den Schwenkzapfen 9 schiebbar ist, und somit der Stützhebel 2 in einfachster Weise demontiert werden kann. Diese auswechselbare Lagerung des Stützhebels 2 am Schwenkzapfen 9 ermöglicht einen einfachen Austausch des Stützhebels 2, so daß Stützhebel einsetzbar sind, welche unterschiedliche Aufnahmeelemente aufweisen. So können diese Aufnahmeelemente unterschiedliche Aufnahmegabeln mit unterschiedlicher Maulweite und unterschiedlicher Dicke aufweisen, so daß die verschiedenen Stützhebel für verschiedene Traggelenke, Achsgelenke oder Spurstangengelenke zum Auspressen des jeweils zugehörigen Gelenkzapfens einsetzbar sind. Die sonstigen Bauteile der erfindungsgemäßen Auspreßvorrichtung müssen für den Einsatzwechsel vorteilhafterweise nicht ausgewechselt und auch nicht auseinandergeschraubt werden. Der einzige Wechsel, der notwendig sein kann, ist der Wechsel der Preßschraube 4, welche aus dem gerade verwendeten Stützhebel 2 herauszuschrauben ist und in den neu am Schwenkzapfen 9 montierten Stützhebel wieder einzuschrauben ist. Weiter vorteilhaft ist, daß das Durchgangsgewinde 23 des Stützhebels und die durchgehende Gewindebohrung 39 des Preßhebels den gleichen Durchmesser aufweisen, so daß einerseits die Druckschraube und andererseits die Preßschraube je nach Bedarf wechselweise entweder in den Stützhebel 2 oder in den Preßhebel 3 einsetzbar sind. Dadurch wird vorteilhaft erreicht, daß je nach räumlichen Bedingungen an einer Kraftfahrzeugachse die Zugänglichkeit des Antriebssechskantes 46 der Preßschraube stets beispielsweise von unten zugänglich ist.Through the opening 32 provided in the support lever 2, which is adapted in length to the length of the pivot pin 9, the support lever 2 is in a simple manner from Removable pivot pin 9. To do this, the support lever must only be depressed along the adjusting spindle 5 in the direction of the arrow 53 when the pressure screw 4 is at least partially unscrewed, so that the pivot pin 9, after it has been completely released by the receiving groove 16, together by 90 ° about the longitudinal central axis 8 of the adjusting spindle is rotatable with the adjusting spindle 5. By simply moving the support lever 2 forward in the direction of arrow 54, the pivot pin can be brought into overlap with the opening 32, so that when the support lever is raised in the direction of arrow 55, the support lever with its opening can be pushed over the pivot pin 9, and thus the support lever 2 can be dismantled in the simplest way. This interchangeable mounting of the support lever 2 on the pivot pin 9 enables easy replacement of the support lever 2, so that support levers can be used which have different receiving elements. Thus, these receiving elements can have different receiving forks with different jaw widths and different thicknesses, so that the different support levers can be used for different supporting joints, axle joints or tie rod joints for pressing out the respective associated pivot pin. The other components of the squeezing device according to the invention advantageously do not have to be replaced and also not screwed apart for the change of use will. The only change that may be necessary is the change of the compression screw 4, which is to be unscrewed from the support lever 2 just used and screwed back into the support lever newly mounted on the pivot pin 9. It is further advantageous that the through thread 23 of the support lever and the continuous threaded bore 39 of the press lever have the same diameter, so that on the one hand the pressure screw and on the other hand the press screw can be used alternately either in the support lever 2 or in the press lever 3 as required. It is thereby advantageously achieved that, depending on the spatial conditions on a motor vehicle axle, the accessibility of the driving hexagon 46 of the compression screw is always accessible, for example, from below.

Fig. 3 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Auspreßvorrichtung 1 gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 im Einsatz beim Auspressen eines Traggelenkzapfens 56 eines Tragggelenkes 57 einer Kraftfahrzeugachse. Bedingt durch die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Achskonstruktion ist die Auspreßvorrichtung 1 um 180° gedreht am Tragggelenkzapfen 56 bzw. an der Kraftfahrzeugachse angesetzt dargestellt, so daß der Preßhebel 3 oberhalb des Stützhebels 2 angeordnet ist.3 shows the press-out device 1 according to the invention according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in use when pressing out a ball joint pin 56 of a ball joint 57 of a motor vehicle axle. Due to the axle construction shown in FIG. 3, the pressing device 1 is shown rotated by 180 ° on the supporting joint pin 56 or attached to the motor vehicle axle, so that the pressing lever 3 is arranged above the supporting lever 2.

Die Stellmutter 6 ist in der Durchgangsbohrung 34 annähernd spielfrei im Preßhebel 3 geführt, wobei sie sich mit ihrem umlaufenden Ringbund 13 in axialer Richtung nach unten an der äußeren Unterseite 35 des Preßhebels 3 abstützt. In die Stellmutter 6 ist die Stellspindel 5 eingeschraubt. Durch die Stellmutter 6 ist der Abstand zwischen dem Preßhebel 3 und Stützhebel 2 ohne Verdrehen der Stellspindel 5 durch Betätigen der Stellmutter 6 in einfacher Weise einstellbar und den jeweils vorliegenden Größenverhältnissen des Traggelenkes 57 anpaßbar.The adjusting nut 6 is guided in the through hole 34 with almost no play in the press lever 3, with its circumferential collar 13 in the axial direction down on the outer bottom 35 of the press lever 3 supports. The adjusting spindle 5 is screwed into the adjusting nut 6. By means of the adjusting nut 6, the distance between the press lever 3 and the supporting lever 2 can be adjusted in a simple manner without actuating the adjusting spindle 5 by actuating the adjusting nut 6 and can be adapted to the respective size relationships of the supporting joint 57.

Der Traggelenkzapfen 56 ist Bestandteil des Traggelenkes 57 und weist an seinem unteren Ende eine Lagerkugel (in der Zeichnung nicht sichtbar) auf, mit welcher er in einer Traggelenkaufnahme 58 eines Querlenkers 59 frei drehbar und begrenzt schwenkbar gelagert ist. In seinem Mittelabschnitt ist der Traggelenkzapfen 56 mit einem sich von unten nach oben konisch verjüngenden Lagersitz 60 versehen, mit welchem er in eine ebenfalls konisch zulaufende Lagerbuchse 61 eingepreßt ist. Die Lagerbuchse 61 weist eine von unten nach oben konisch zulaufende Mantelfläche 62 auf und ist in eine entsprechend konisch ausgebildete Lagerbohrung 63 eines Lagerauges 64 eingepreßt. Das Lagerauge 64 bildet das untere Ende eines Achsschenkels 65 einer Kraftfahrzeugachse, welcher durch das Traggelenk 57 um die Traggelenkzapfenachse 66 frei drehbar gelagert ist. Die Lagerbuchse 61 ist festsitzend in die Lagerbohrung 63 eingepreßt, wobei sie mit ihrer unteren Stirnfläche versenkt im Lagerauge 64 angeordnet ist. Der in die Lagerbuchse 61 eingepreßte Traggelenkzapfen 56 überragt sowohl die Lagerbuchse 61 als auch das Lagerauge 64 mit seinem Gewindeabschnitt 67 nach oben.The ball joint pin 56 is part of the ball joint 57 and has at its lower end a bearing ball (not visible in the drawing) with which it is freely rotatable and pivoted to a limited extent in a ball joint receptacle 58 of a control arm 59. In its central section, the support joint pin 56 is provided with a bearing seat 60 which tapers conically from bottom to top and by means of which it is pressed into a bearing bush 61, which also tapers conically. The bearing bush 61 has a lateral surface 62 tapering from bottom to top and is pressed into a correspondingly conical bearing bore 63 of a bearing eye 64. The bearing eye 64 forms the lower end of a steering knuckle 65 of a motor vehicle axle, which is freely rotatably supported by the support joint 57 about the support joint journal axis 66. The bearing bush 61 is press-fitted into the bearing bore 63, with its lower end face being arranged sunk in the bearing eye 64. The ball joint pin 56 pressed into the bearing bush 61 protrudes both the bearing bush 61 and the bearing eye 64 with its threaded portion 67 upwards.

Die Auspreßvorrichtung 1 ist mit ihrem Preßringsegment 31 des Stützhebels 2 so in der Lagerbohrung 63 des Lagerauges 64 eingesetzt, daß sie planeben mit der Stirnfläche 68 ihres Preßringsegmentes 31 an der unteren Stirnfläche 69 der Lagerbuchse 61 anliegt. Die beiden Gabelholme 25, 26 der Stützgabel 24 verlaufen dabei um den Traggelenkzapfen 56 herum und enden etwa im Bereich der Traggelenkzapfenachse 66. Die Stellspindel 5 ist mit ihrer Stellmutter 6 in ihrer Höhe derart eingestellt, daß der Preßhebel 3 etwa parallel zum Stützhebel 2 verläuft und mit seinem Preßabschnitt 33 bzw. seiner Preßfläche 40 plan auf der Stirnfläche 70 des Traggelenkzapfens 56 aufliegt. In der gezeigten Darstellung ist die Preßschraube 4, welche an ihrem oberen preßhebelseitigen Ende mit einer Preßkugel 71 versehen ist, so weit durch den Stützhebel 2 hindurchgeschraubt, daß sie mit ihrer Preßkugel 71 auf der Preßschraube 41 des Betätigungsabschnittes 38 des Preßhebels 3 anliegt. Durch weiteres Anziehen der Preßschraube 4 schwenkt der Preßhebel 3 um die Schwenkachse 51 des in der Aufnahmenut 16 des Stützhebels 2 gelagerten Schwenkzapfens 9, so daß der Traggelenkzapfen 56 durch den Preßabschnitt 33 nach unten gedrückt wird. Da sich die Lagerbuchse 61 am Preßringsegment 31 des Stützhebels 2 abstützt, wird der Traggelenkzapfen 56 bei der Schwenkbewegung des Stützhebels 2 zwangsläufig aus der Lagerbuchse 61 herausgepreßt. Da sich der Stützhebel 2 mit seinem Preßringsegment 31 direkt an der Lagerbuchse 61 abstützt, wird sicher verhindert, daß die Lagerbuchse 61 beim Auspreßvorgang des Traggelenkzapfens 56 aus der Lagerbuchse 61 versehentlich aus der Lagerbohrung 63 des Lagerauges 64 gedrückt wird.The pressing device 1 is inserted with its pressing ring segment 31 of the support lever 2 in the bearing bore 63 of the bearing eye 64 in such a way that it lies flat with the end face 68 of its pressing ring segment 31 on the lower end face 69 of the bearing bush 61. The two fork legs 25, 26 of the support fork 24 run around the support pin 56 and end approximately in the area of the support pin axis 66. The adjusting spindle 5 is adjusted with its adjusting nut 6 in height such that the press lever 3 runs approximately parallel to the support lever 2 and with its pressing section 33 or its pressing surface 40 lies flat on the end face 70 of the ball joint 56. In the illustration shown, the press screw 4, which is provided at its upper press lever end with a press ball 71, is screwed so far through the support lever 2 that it presses with the press ball 71 on the press screw 41 of the actuating section 38 of the press lever 3. By further tightening the press screw 4, the press lever 3 pivots about the pivot axis 51 of the pivot pin 9 mounted in the receiving groove 16 of the support lever 2, so that the support joint pin 56 is pressed down by the press section 33. Since the bearing bush 61 is supported on the press ring segment 31 of the support lever 2, the support joint pin 56 becomes during the pivoting movement of the support lever 2 inevitably pressed out of the bearing bush 61. Since the support lever 2 is supported with its press ring segment 31 directly on the bearing bush 61, it is reliably prevented that the bearing bush 61 is inadvertently pressed out of the bearing bore 63 of the bearing eye 64 when the ball joint pin 56 is pressed out of the bearing bush 61.

Für den variablen Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Auspreßvorrichtung 1 sind mehrere Stützhebel vorgesehen, welche gegeneinander austauschbar auf dem Lagerzapfen 9 der Stellspindel 5 anordenbar sind. Dabei weisen die unterschiedlichen Sützhebel verschiedene Aufnahmeabschnitte auf, welche beispielsweise ohne ein Ringsegment 31 ausgestattet sind und auch in ihrer Größe unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein können. Damit ist die erfindungsgemäße Auspreßvorrichtung zum Auspressen von Lagerzapfen beispielsweise eines Traggelenkzapfens oder auch eines Spurstangengelenkzapfens unterschiedlicher Größe und Ausbildung durch einfaches Austauschen des Stützhebels einsetzbar. Als Aufnahmeelement kann dabei auch eine rohrschellenartige Aufnahme vorgesehen sein, so daß der Stützhebel beispielsweise am Lenkhebel einer Spurstange befestigbar ist. Ein solches Aufnahmeelement kann notwendig sein, wenn das Lagerauge eines Lagerzapfen nicht mit einer Stützgabel hintergreifbar ist.For the variable use of the squeezing device 1 according to the invention, several support levers are provided which can be interchangeably arranged on the bearing journal 9 of the adjusting spindle 5. The different support levers have different receiving sections, which are equipped, for example, without a ring segment 31 and can also have different sizes. Thus, the press-out device according to the invention can be used for pressing out bearing journals, for example a ball joint journal or a tie rod joint journal of different sizes and designs, by simply exchanging the support lever. A pipe clamp-like receptacle can also be provided as the receiving element, so that the support lever can be fastened, for example, to the steering lever of a tie rod. Such a receiving element may be necessary if the bearing eye of a bearing journal cannot be gripped behind with a support fork.

Claims (8)

Auspreßvorrichtung zum Auspressen eines Gelenkzapfens aus dem Lagerauge eines zugehörigen Achsbauteiles einer Kraftfahrzeugachse, bestehend aus einem Preßhebel und einem Stützhebel, welche mittels eines Stellgliedes in einem voreinstellbaren Abstand zueinander miteinander verbunden und gegeneinander verschwenkbar sind, wobei der Preßhebel einen Preßabschnitt aufweist, welcher im Einsatz einem Aufnahmeelement des Stützhebels für das Lagerauge oder das Achsbauteil gegenüberliegend angeordnet ist und wobei der Preßhebel einen seinem Preßabschnitt bezüglich des Stellgliedes diametral gegenüberliegenden Betätigungsabschnitt aufweist, welcher sich im Einsatz zum Ausführen der relativen Schwenkbewegung zum Auspressen des Gelenkzapfens über ein Preßglied an einem Stützabschnitt des Stützhebels abstützt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Stellglied aus einer Stellspindel (5) besteht, welche an ihrem einen Ende (7) einen quer zur Stellspindel (5) verlaufenden Schwenkzapfen (9) aufweist, und
daß mehrere Stützhebel (2) mit unterschiedlich ausgestalteten Aufnahmeelementen (24) vorgesehen sind, welche wahlweise und austauschbar mit dem Schwenkzapfen (9) schwenkbar koppelbar sind.Squeezing device for squeezing out a pivot pin from the bearing eye of an associated axle component of a motor vehicle axle, consisting of a press lever and a support lever, which are connected to one another at a presettable distance from one another and can be pivoted relative to one another, the press lever having a press section which, in use, has a receiving element of the support lever for the bearing eye or the axle component is arranged opposite and wherein the press lever has an actuation section diametrically opposite its press section with respect to the actuator, which is used in use for executing the relative pivoting movement for pressing out the pivot pin via a press member on a support section of the support lever,
characterized,
that the actuator consists of an adjusting spindle (5) which has at one end (7) a transverse to the adjusting spindle (5) pivot pin (9), and
that a plurality of support levers (2) with differently designed receiving elements (24) are provided, which can be pivotally coupled selectively and interchangeably to the pivot pin (9). Auspreßvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stützhebel (2) zur Lagerung am Schwenkzapfen (9) außenseitig eine quer zu seiner Längsrichtung verlaufende Aufnahmenut (16) aufweist, und daß die Stellspindel (5) mit ihrem Schwenkzapfen (9) durch einen im Bereich der Aufnahmenut (16) angeordneten im wesentlichen koaxial zum Stützhebel verlaufenden Durchbruch (32) von der der Aufnahmenut (16) gegenüberliegenden Seite hindurchsteckbar und nach einer Drehung um etwa 90° mit der Aufnahmenut (16) in Eingriff bringbar ist.Squeezing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support lever (2) on the outside for mounting on the pivot pin (9) has a receiving groove (16) extending transversely to its longitudinal direction, and in that the adjusting spindle (5) with its pivot pin (9) by a Area of the receiving groove (16) arranged essentially coaxially to the support lever opening (32) can be inserted from the opposite side of the receiving groove (16) and after a rotation of about 90 ° can be brought into engagement with the receiving groove (16). Auspreßvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Preßglied aus einer Preßschraube (4) mit einem Antriebssechskant (45) besteht, welche im Stützabschnitt (22) des Stützhebels (2) und/oder im Betätigungsabschnitt (38) des Preßhebels (3) anordenbar ist, und
daß sich die Preßschraube (4) beim Auspreßvorgang an einer Preßfläche des Betätigungsabschnittes (38) bzw. des Stützabschnittes (22) abstützt, wobei durch Betätigen der Preßschraube (4) der Stützabschnitt (22) des Stützhebels (2) und der Betätigungsabschnitt (38) des Preßhebels (3) beim Auspreßvorgang auseinanderdrückbar sind.Squeezing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressing member consists of a pressing screw (4) with a driving hexagon (45) which is in the supporting section (22) of the supporting lever (2) and / or in the actuating section (38) of the pressing lever (3 ) can be arranged, and
that the press screw (4) is supported during the pressing process on a press surface of the actuating section (38) or the support section (22), the actuating section (22) of the support lever (2) and the actuating section (38) being actuated by the press screw (4) of the press lever (3) can be pressed apart during the squeezing process. Auspreßvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Preßschraube (4) wahlweise durch ein im Endbereich des Stützabschnittes (22) oder im Endbereich des Betätigungsabschnittes (38) angeordnetes Durchgangsgewinde (23, 39) hindurchgeschraubt ist und mit ihrem freien Ende beim Auspreßvorgang gegen eine Preßfläche des gegenüberliegenden Betätigungsabschnittes (38) bzw. Stützabschnittes (22) drückt.Squeezing device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the compression screw (4) is screwed through a through thread (23, 39) arranged in the end region of the support section (22) or in the end region of the actuating section (38) and with its free end presses against a pressing surface of the opposite actuating section (38) or support section (22) during the pressing process. Auspreßvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Preßfläche des Betätigungsabschnittes (38) bzw. des Stützabschnittes (22) durch den Schraubenkopf oder den Gewindeschaft einer in das Durchgangsgewinde (23, 39) des Betätigungsabschnittes (38) bzw. des Stützabschnittes (22) auswechselbar eingeschraubten Druckschraube (41) gebildet ist.Squeezing device according to claim 4, characterized in that the pressing surface of the actuating section (38) or of the supporting section (22) through the screw head or the threaded shaft of one into the through thread (23, 39) of the actuating section (38) or of the supporting section (22) replaceable screw-in pressure screw (41) is formed. Auspreßvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß koaxial zur Stellspindel (5) eine Schraubenfeder (46) angeordnet ist, welche den Preßhebel (3) in dem durch die Stellspindel (5) vorgewählten Abstand vom Stützhebel (2) hält, und daß wenigstens zwischen dem Stützhebel (2) und der Schraubenfeder (46) ein Zentrierring (47) vorgesehen ist, an welchem die Schraubenfeder (46) mit ihrer stützhebelseitigen Endwindung plan anliegt.Squeezing device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that coaxial to the adjusting spindle (5) a coil spring (46) is arranged which holds the press lever (3) at the preselected distance from the support lever (2) by the adjusting spindle (5), and that at least between the support lever (2) and the coil spring (46) Centering ring (47) is provided, on which the helical spring (46) lies flat with its end turn on the support lever side. Auspreßvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Preßabschnitt (33) etwa 1/3 der Gesamtlänge des Preßhebels (3) und der Betätigungsabschnitt (38) des Preßhebels (3) etwa 2/3 seiner Gesammtlänge einnimmt.Squeezing device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pressing section (33) takes up about 1/3 of the total length of the pressing lever (3) and the actuating section (38) of the pressing lever (3) takes up about 2/3 of its total length. Auspreßvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stellspindel (5) in ein Durchgangsgewinde des Preßhebels (3) oder in eine am Preßhebel (3) drehbar gelagerte Stellmutter (6) zur Einstellung des Abstandes zwischen dem Preßhebel (3) und dem Stützhebel (2) längenverstellbar einschraubbar ist.Squeezing device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the adjusting spindle (5) in a through thread of the press lever (3) or in an adjusting nut (6) rotatably mounted on the press lever (3) for adjusting the distance between the press lever (3) and the support lever (2) can be screwed in adjustable in length.
EP97105821A 1996-04-24 1997-04-09 Device for the pressing out of the pivot pin of a suspension joint and/or of a track rod Expired - Lifetime EP0803332B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29607447U DE29607447U1 (en) 1996-04-24 1996-04-24 Squeezing device for an axle support and / or a tie rod end
DE29607447U 1996-04-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0803332A1 true EP0803332A1 (en) 1997-10-29
EP0803332B1 EP0803332B1 (en) 2001-11-14

Family

ID=8023070

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EP97105821A Expired - Lifetime EP0803332B1 (en) 1996-04-24 1997-04-09 Device for the pressing out of the pivot pin of a suspension joint and/or of a track rod

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US (1) US5906034A (en)
EP (1) EP0803332B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3056437B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1067317C (en)
DE (2) DE29607447U1 (en)
DK (1) DK0803332T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2166486T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1067317C (en) 2001-06-20
CN1175493A (en) 1998-03-11
DE29607447U1 (en) 1996-07-04
US5906034A (en) 1999-05-25
EP0803332B1 (en) 2001-11-14
DK0803332T3 (en) 2002-01-21
JPH1080874A (en) 1998-03-31
JP3056437B2 (en) 2000-06-26
DE59705329D1 (en) 2001-12-20
ES2166486T3 (en) 2002-04-16

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