Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
  • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
  • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
  • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
  • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
  • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
  • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
  • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
  • F23G2209/26—Biowaste
  • F23G2209/261—Woodwaste
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
  • F23G2900/00001—Exhaust gas recirculation
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
  • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

• a method of utilisation of wastes containing metallic compounds and the installation employing this method, used for utilising plating wastes, used paints, varnishes with mineral pigments, and other wastes containing metallic compounds are subject of the inventions.
• Patent application P-293647 of Siemens Company has, as the subject of inventions, an installation for thermal processing of wastes and the method of this processing in which the wastes to be utilised, in a form of metallic compounds, are subject to a far-reaching process of low-temperature carbonisation and without the access of oxygen. In this process low- temperature oven gas and low-temperature residue are formed.
• Fine-grained component and/or dry dust wastes and/or liquid wastes with low- temperature oven gas are burnt, producing combustion gases and molten slag, whereas coarse grained component is separated.
• the solution according to P-263647 enables only to separate coarse grained assortment in a form of metallic alloy pieces. Non-utilised metallic compounds, however, remain is slag. This method does not allow the recovery of pure metals from toxic metallic compounds subject to utilisation.
• Patent application P-293027/PCT/NL 91/00058 puts forward a method of combined processing of wastes where a waste of relatively high energetic value is subject to the process of pyrolysis in order to obtain gas and/or oil with coal residue.
• pyrolysis residuum is mixed with waste of a relatively low energetic value so as to form a mixture with water
• the mixture that has been obtained is shaped into pieces until it gets the form of ceramic products.
• the method proposes to add sawdust to it. This method does not make it possible to recover metals whose compounds are contained in utilised wastes.
• the method of thermal utilisation of wastes containing metallic compounds can be characterised by the fact that the waste with metallic compounds in a form of pulp with diluent content of 15 to 70% by weight is mixed with sawdust-waste coming from wood- processing, or with mixture of sawdust with wastes of highly flammable material, prepared in advance.
• the charge of this kind is put into a tightly- closed combustion chamber in oxidising-reducing conditions.
• the charge is then beaten down and some free space is left (cylindrical would be most proper) situated coaxially in relation to the axis of symmetry of the combustion chamber.
• the combustion chamber is then closed at the top. At the bottom, under the grid, the process of combustion of ignition layer is initiated.
• Oxygen is obtained from gas products of the process of the charge combustion owing to a cathode located in the area of free space inside the charge in the combustion chamber, and anodes inside each of the filter chambers with closed cycle of gases, and feeding the electrodes, from constant voltage source of safe value, during this process, and maintaining current density on a constant level, most desirably ranging from 2 to 10 A/m 2 .
• combustion is enriched with hydrogen, educed on the cathode, bonding a part of oxygen in the chamber and catalysing a reduction reaction of metallic oxides into metals.
• the installation for thermal utilisation of wastes that contain metallic compounds is characterised by a hermetic combustion chamber in oxidising-reducing conditions with cooling coil installed around the chamber, on its full height, and within the lid.
• the bottom is provided with a grid under which the air inflow is situated.
• the installation is equipped with the outlet of gases and steams tightly connected with the lower part of the first filter chamber where the cooling coil of gases and steams is embedded.
• the dry filter is over the cooling coil.
• the first filter chamber is closed on its top with a lid having a cooling coil installed. In the lid there is also the outlet of refined gases connected, through a scrubber, with a fan that is, from its other side, joined with the inlet of the second filter chamber.
• the outlet of the second filter chamber is also connected with the pressure regulation valve and with the air inlet of the combustion chamber.
• the combustion chamber is provided with a joint cathode.
• Each of the two filter chambers has an anode connected with the source of safe voltage of regulated initial current magnitude.
• the solutions enable thermal utilisation of one of the most toxic wastes, like galvanic sludge or waste, paints and varnishes containing mineral pigments, in conditions propitious for recovery of metals contained in chemical compounds of these wastes. More important, these metals are recovered in a form of metallic powder.
• the method uses sawdust as the source of energy for the whole process. Sawdust, residual wastes from wood- processing, has also the function of an absorbent of pulp and is a means enabling to obtain, in the process of roasting, waste particles of temperature ranging from 1000°C to 1400°C.
• the method can be carried out in a closed cycle, in conditions of full ecological cleanliness of the process. Considerable amount of thermal energy is produced.
• the ash being the remains of the process, after separation of pure metals in a form of powder, can be used as a high-quality binding agent, ecologically clean, useful for producing building elements of high mechanical and insulating parameters.
• the instances of the use of the installation presented on a draught - a scheme of the device - provide us with a more detailed description of the installation in the process of utilisation.
• the waste in a form of pulp contained: Si0 2 - 2,3%; Fe 2 0 3 - 2,0%; A1 2 0 3 - 0,3%; CaO- 10,5% MgO- 1,4%; Cr 2 0 3 - 27,8%; ZnO- 0,37%; NiO- 0,04%; PbO- 3,23%; CuO- 0,2%; CdO- 0,34%; and H 2 0- 51,52% by weight.
• the waste was mixed with small wood wastes, sawdust, with granulation from 0,3 to 10 mm at a weight ratio of one to one.
• a charge III weighing 200kg is put into the combustion chamber 111 on the ignition layer 13/ situated on the chamber's 111 grid 141.
• a section of a pipe of 100mm inside diameter is placed before filling the chamber 111 with the ignition layer 13/ of sawdust and with the charge.
• the charge III is beaten down, layer by layer, and then the pipe is taken out in order to leave some free space 151. Further on, under the grid 141, the process of combustion of the ignition layer 131 of sawdust is initiated.
• the combustion chamber 111 is tightly closed with the lid I ⁇ l.
• the fans /7,8/ are switched on.
• the circulation of gases and steams, coming from the process of combustion, is closed.
• the feeding steel cathode 19/ of constant safe voltage is turned on.
• This cathode 191 is embedded in the lid 16/ of the combustion chamber 111.
• the cathode 191 is placed in free space 151 within the charge III.
• Safe constant voltage feeds also the anodes /10,11/ embedded in the filter chambers /12,13/.
• Gases and steams, formed in the chamber 111 and passing through free space 15/ and the cathode 191, are subject to both the process of refining in the filter chambers 111,131 and enrichment with oxygen enduced on the anodes /10, 11/ in the filter chambers 111,131.
• hydrogen is educed bonding part of oxygen in the chamber 111 and catalysing a reduction reaction of metallic oxides into metals.
• Electrodes 19, 10,11/ are fed with direct current of safe voltage, regulated in such a way as to maintain constant current density of 6,4 A/ml.
• the installation for thermal utilisation of wastes containing metallic compounds is equipped with the combustion chamber 111, surrounded on its full height with a cooling coil /14/ that is also installed in the lid 161.
• a cooling coil /14/ that is also installed in the lid 161.
• the combustion chamber 111 is tightly closed with the lid 161 in which a steel cathode 191 is embedded.
• the cathode 191 is inside it, placed in the free space 151 of the charge III.
• the chamber 111 is connected, through a cable /15/, with the lower part of the first filter chamber 712/ where the cooling coil /16/ is embedded.
• the first filter chamber /12/ is, on its top, tightly closed with a lid /18/ provided with a cooling coil /19/ and an outlet /20/ of refined gases and steams, connected through a scrubber /21/ embedded on the Ud /18/, with a fan 111 the outlet of which is joined, through a cable /22/ from the bottom, with the second filter chamber /13/ in which there is the dry filter /23/.
• the second filter chamber /13/ on its top, is tightly closed with a lid /24/ that has the outlet to the other fan IS/ connected, through a cable /25/, both to the pressure regulation valve /26/ and to the air inlet of the combustion chamber 111, placed under the grid.
• a lid /24/ that has the outlet to the other fan IS/ connected, through a cable /25/, both to the pressure regulation valve /26/ and to the air inlet of the combustion chamber 111, placed under the grid.
• the lids /18,24/ of each of the filter chambers 111,13/ there are graphite anodes /10,11/ fed from the source of constant voltage 727/.
• the outlet of the cooling coil /14/ is connected, through the cooling coil /28/, with the heat receiver /29/ from which water, through a pump /30/ and the cooling coil /19/ goes to the inlet of the cooling coil /16/ placed in the lower part of this chamber /12/.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20063414

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (1)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 1994
  • 1994-10-06 PL PL94305371A patent/PL174063B1/pl unknown
• 1995
  • 1995-10-05 EP EP95932979A patent/EP0803041A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1995-10-05 WO PCT/PL1995/000022 patent/WO1996011360A2/en not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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