EP0801368A1 - Überwachungsanordnung - Google Patents

Überwachungsanordnung Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0801368A1
EP0801368A1 EP97302471A EP97302471A EP0801368A1 EP 0801368 A1 EP0801368 A1 EP 0801368A1 EP 97302471 A EP97302471 A EP 97302471A EP 97302471 A EP97302471 A EP 97302471A EP 0801368 A1 EP0801368 A1 EP 0801368A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
monitoring device
sensor
container
user
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97302471A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0801368B1 (de
Inventor
Kevin David Harris
Simon Christopher Hogg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Draeger Ltd
Original Assignee
Draeger Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9607719.3A external-priority patent/GB9607719D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9618288.6A external-priority patent/GB9618288D0/en
Application filed by Draeger Ltd filed Critical Draeger Ltd
Publication of EP0801368A1 publication Critical patent/EP0801368A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0801368B1 publication Critical patent/EP0801368B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/016—Personal emergency signalling and security systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/04—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons
    • G08B21/0438—Sensor means for detecting
    • G08B21/0453—Sensor means for detecting worn on the body to detect health condition by physiological monitoring, e.g. electrocardiogram, temperature, breathing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a monitoring device and is concerned with a monitoring device for use with breathing apparatus as worn by firefighters and the like.
  • Firefighters and other rescue personnel often work in hazardous environments where they may become incapacitated or immobilised. For this reason, they usually carry personal distress alarms which may be manually operated or which may activate automatically after the wearer has not moved for a predetermined time. Also, it is often necessary for such personnel to wear breathing apparatus comprising a container of breathing gas under pressure. In such circumstances, the apparatus includes a pneumatic and/or mechanical device which detects the pressure of gas in the container and emits a warning when the pressure has fallen below a certain level.
  • the present invention provides a monitoring device for operably connecting to breathing apparatus comprising a container of breathing gas under pressure, both the monitoring device and the breathing apparatus being worn by a user, which device comprises:-
  • the signals of a first and second type are audible signals of different frequency to enable them to be distinguished from one another.
  • One or both of the signals may rise or fall in pitch.
  • the alarm means connected to the pressure sensor and the movement sensor is adapted to produce a series of signals of the first type as the pressure in the container drops in use, each signal in the series being produced after there has been a predetermined drop in pressure since the previous signal in the series.
  • the pressure sensor causes the alarm to produce a signal to indicate to the wearer that he should evacuate to a safe area.
  • the device prefferably includes a means of indicating the predicted time remaining before the container is devoid of gas.
  • the signals are advantageously audible signals.
  • the pressure sensor is operably connected to a display which provides a visible indication in analog and/or digital form of the gas pressure in the container.
  • the device may include a means of manually activating the alarm means so as to cause it to produce the second signal irrespective of whether or not no movement has been detected for said period of time.
  • the monitoring device may include an ambient temperature sensor in which case the temperature may also be indicated on a suitable display.
  • the pressure sensor may optionally include a means of detecting whether or not there is any leak of high pressure gas from the container by, for example, comparing the pressures at intervals of time.
  • the device may also include a means of actuating the alarm means to produce a signal to prompt the firefighter or the like to read the display in the event that the pressure detected by the pressure sensor falls below a predetermined value (which constitutes a first warning level) and/or, as appropriate, if the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a predetermined value.
  • a predetermined value which constitutes a first warning level
  • the monitoring device includes a receiver whereby it may be pre-programmed so as to enable said predetermined values/or said predetermined period of time to be selected as desired. Also, the monitoring device may include a transmitter whereby values detected by the device may be transmitted to an external location. The data transmission may be effected by means of an infra-red connection.
  • the monitoring device is in two parts, namely a first unit incorporating the pressure sensor and operably linked to a main second unit comprising the alarm means, the movement sensor, interface functions as appropriate, and associated circuitry.
  • the main unit comprises a housing 1 including an automatic distress unit (ADSU) comprising an alarm means in the form of a piezo sounder and a movement sensor (not shown).
  • the housing also includes an LCD display 2 positioned behind a protective window.
  • the housing 1 is linked to another unit of the device comprising a pressure sensor (not shown) by means of a hose 3.
  • the pressure sensor output is digital and holds its own calibration data in an electrical erasable programmable read only memory.
  • the pressure sensor operates over a pressure range of from 0 to 300 bars and is connected to a container (not shown) for gas to be breathed by the user.
  • a suitable manifold or pressure reducer (not shown) is provided to connect the pressure sensor to the container and preferably this is of modular construction so that it can be connected to gas containers of diverse designs.
  • the hose 3 is capable of withstanding a high pull force (e.g. of about 500 Newtons) and carries electric cables to supply electric power to the electronic circuitry of the pressure sensor and also to enable the transmission of data between the pressure sensor and the main unit.
  • Located within the housing 1 is electronic circuitry operably linking the pressure sensor to the alarm means such that once the pressure in the container has fallen to a predetermined value (50 bar for example) the alarm means emits an audible whistle at a frequency of 3kHz for 30 seconds. Thereafter, the whistle is repeated at intervals until such time as the pressure falls to 10 bar.
  • the circuitry is operably connected to the display 2 so that the pressure in the container is displayed graphically in an analog form and also digitally giving the actual pressure in the container in bars or pounds per sq. inch as desired. Further, the circuitry includes calculating circuitry to compute the time remaining before the pressure will drop to said predetermined value i.e.
  • This calculating circuitry computes the average air consumption (by taking 3 readings over fixed short periods), links this to the remaining gas content in the container and presents the information in the form of a time related visual display indicating the time left before the whistle sounds. This provides the user with a realistic and everchanging indication of the time remaining before he should remove himself from the hazardous environment.
  • the circuitry within the main unit additionally includes an ambient temperature sensor and the detected temperature is also displayed on the display 2, as an alternative to the calculated time to the whistle, by pressing button 4.
  • This circuitry may include a two stage pre-set (software adjustable) warning of increasing heat intensity and may also monitor the time for which the user has been subjected to a wide range of heat levels and trigger accumulated heat warnings.
  • the circuitry within the main unit also links the movement sensor to the alarm means such that, in the absence of movement for, for example, 25 seconds, the alarm emits a pre-warning signal at a frequency of 2kHz for, for example, 5 seconds. During this period, the firefighter can re-set the movement sensor by making some movement so that the distress signal is not actuated. In the absence of such re-setting during the 5 seconds for which the pre-warning signal is being emitted, the unit emits a distress signal at a frequency of from 3kHz down to 2kHz at 4 pulses per second.
  • the circuitry includes a second button (not shown but in a position corresponding to button 4 on the opposite side of the housing) which, on actuation by the user, causes the distress signal to be emitted.
  • a second button not shown but in a position corresponding to button 4 on the opposite side of the housing
  • the circuitry within the main unit may also include a means of actuating the alarm means to produce signals intended to warn the user to read the display when, for example, the temperature exceeds a predetermined value or the pressure in the container for the breathing gas falls below each of a series of predetermined values.
  • the device may include a backlight activated by a third button (not shown).
  • the device includes an infra-red communication port 5 whereby the device may be pre-programmed so as to select suitable predetermined gas pressures and periods of time as appropriate and whereby information detected by the device may be transmitted externally.
  • the electronic circuitry within the main unit 1 may include a data logging means, a timer to monitor the hours of usage, and a battery state checking means.
  • data logging may occur every 5 seconds and the data logging means may store, for example, the time elapsed since powering up when the battery is connected, the gas pressure in the container, the temperature, and the occurrence of any alarms and errors.
  • This data can then be transmitted externally every 5 seconds via infra-red link.
  • the data can be sent to the Incident Manager monitoring the activity of the user.
  • the main unit 1 may also include circuitry to provide an indication on the display 2 in the event that the connection between the pressure sensor and the breathable gas container lacks integrity.
  • buttons 10 and 11 activates the start of the leak test
  • free programmable button 11 (not shown but located on the opposite side of the housing in a position corresponding to button 10) enables the type of cylinder to be selected and also data to be entered or cancelled
  • button 12 is a panic button whereby the user can manually activate the alarm means when in distress
  • button 13 (not shown but located at the rear end of the housing) activates the display backlight. Actuation of buttons 10 and 11 together cancels the alarm and returns the system to idle mode (switch off).
  • the device includes a main module 55 comprising a housing 71 including an automatic distress unit (ADSU) comprising an alarm means 63 and a movement sensor 57.
  • the housing is shock proof and air tight and includes an LCD display 59 positioned behind a protective window.
  • the housing 71 is linked to another unit of the device comprising a pressure transducer 52 by means of an electrical cable 53 protected by a sturdy outer sheath 54.
  • the pressure transducer 52 is connected by means of connector 51 to a high pressure container or adaptor (not shown) for gas to be breathed by the user.
  • a seal 60 is provided to prevent escape of gas.
  • the circuitry includes circuit board 58 powered by battery 56 and is such that an audible signal is produced each time the pressure in the container falls, during use, by a specific, predetermined amount e.g. by 10 bars. Also a signal is produced when the pressure drops to a predetermined value to warn the wearer that he should move to an area where breathing assistance is not needed. Also the circuitry is operably connected to the display 59 so that the pressure in the container is displayed. Further, the circuitry includes calculating circuitry to compute the time remaining before the pressure will drop to said predetermined value and this time too is displayed on the display upon actuation of a first button 61 by the user. This provides the user with a realistic and everchanging indication of the time remaining before he should remove himself from the hazardous environment.
  • the circuitry within the module 55 also links the movement sensor 57 to the alarm means 63 such that, in the absence of movement for, for example a predetermined time, for example 25 seconds, the alarm means emits a pre-warning signal. At this time, the user can re-set the movement sensor so that the distress signal is not actuated. In the absence of such re-setting after a specified time, the unit emits the distress signal to draw attention to the possibility that the wearer is unconscious or otherwise incapacitated.
  • the circuitry includes a second button 64 which, when actuated simultaneously with button 61 for a given length of time, causes the distress signal to cease in the event of inadvertent actuation. Buttons 61 and 64 are preloaded to prevent accidental mis-use. If the wearer is in distress but still conscious, he can instantly activate the alarm means to attract attention by simultaneously pressing buttons 61 and 64 without having to remain stationary for the predetermined length of time.
  • the device includes an infra-red communication port 55 whereby the device may be pre-programmed so as to select suitable predetermined gas pressures and periods of time as appropriate and to enable the device to be used with gas containers of different designs and sizes.
  • the device is ordinarily in a mode where the power is continuously on but where it is dormant until pressure is applied by the breathing gas on transducer 52 which causes the device to adopt its activated mode. This is indicated on the display 59.
  • a self check mode then commences to check the alarm means 63 and motion sensor 57. Thereafter the device switches to ready mode awaiting a change in gas pressure or other event. The device is switched off by depressing button 62 for a predetermined time.
  • an electronic key 66 stores data from a chip in the module 55. This key 66 is removed by, say, the control officer, and placed in a record box which downloads, for instance, name of wearer, breathing gas container pressure, breathing gas container volume, predicted time of use based on standard breathing rate, predicted time to audible warning activation, time of entry etc.
  • a housing 1 is made of rigid gas-inpermeable plastic.
  • a piece of soft, flexible plastic 81 is clipped onto the outside of the lower half of the case.
  • a piezoelectric sounder 83 is glued into the housing 1 by an epoxy ring 85.
  • the epoxy ring provides a gas-tight seal of the sounder to the housing.
  • a printed circuit board 87 is mounted within the housing.
  • a motion sensor 89 is mounted at one end of the printed circuit board 87.
  • Various other components forming the control circuitry 91 are also provided on the printed circuit board 87.
  • the printed circuit board is also connected to a battery compartment 93, adapted to hold a PP3 battery.
  • LEDs 97 are mounted on the printed circuit board for displaying the status of the unit. Further LEDs 98 are mounted within a transparent housing 99 to give a visual indication of an alarm condition.
  • a panic button 95 is mounted on the front face of the unit.
  • Two buttons 4, 94 are provided on the side of the casing to activate and deactivate the unit.
  • a temperature sensor is also provided, electrically attached to the printed circuit board.
  • a connecting hose (not shown) electrically connects the printed circuit board 87 to a pressure sensor, which in use is connected to a twin port manifold mounted on the medium pressure outlet of a reducer attached to a gas cylinder in the usual way.
  • a holder (not shown) is provided to hold the unit when not in use.
  • the unit In use, the unit has three modes; an off mode, an active mode and an alarm mode.
  • the unit automatically enters active mode when the pressure sensor detects a high ambient pressure, i.e. when the valve on a high pressure gas cylinder connected to the unit is opened.
  • the unit can be switched on by simultaneously activating the buttons 4, 94.
  • the alarm sounds either when the panic button 95 is depressed when the unit is in active mode, or when the motion sensor detects that the unit has not moved for a predetermined period of time, typically 30 seconds.
  • a further warning tone sounds 5 seconds before the alarm activates, to allow the user to move and thus prevent the alarm from sounding.
  • the unit can be switched off by simultaneously pressing the buttons 4, 94 but only when the pressure sensor detects atmospheric pressure, or at least less than 60 psi (4 bar, 4 x 10 5 Pa). Further, the unit must be in the retaining holder to allow it to be switched off. Thus the unit also acts as a so-called 'Tally PASS' system, in which the unit can only be switched off once a user, particularly a fire-fighter, has left an incident. This helps ensure that no fire-fighter is forgotten; if the unit is not returned to the retaining holder then a search for the missing fire-fighter can be carried out.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
EP97302471A 1996-04-13 1997-04-11 Überwachungsanordnung Expired - Lifetime EP0801368B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9607719 1996-04-13
GBGB9607719.3A GB9607719D0 (en) 1996-04-13 1996-04-13 Improvements in or relating to monitoring devices
GBGB9618288.6A GB9618288D0 (en) 1996-09-02 1996-09-02 Improvements in or relating to monitoring devices
GB9618288 1996-09-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0801368A1 true EP0801368A1 (de) 1997-10-15
EP0801368B1 EP0801368B1 (de) 2003-02-12

Family

ID=26309128

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97302471A Expired - Lifetime EP0801368B1 (de) 1996-04-13 1997-04-11 Überwachungsanordnung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0801368B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE232630T1 (de)
AU (1) AU1788197A (de)
CA (1) CA2202569A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69718958T2 (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999059676A1 (de) * 1998-05-19 1999-11-25 Deutsche Telekom Ag System zur überwachung von atemschutzgeräteträgern
EP0961029A1 (de) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-01 Renault Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung des Betriebs einer Brennkraftmachine nach dem Verschmutzungsgrad der Zündkerzen
WO2001008752A1 (de) * 1999-07-29 2001-02-08 Msa Auer Gmbh Warngerät für einen pressluftatmer
WO2001043102A1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2001-06-14 Sigurd Andersen Temperature alarm device for a breathing apparatus
US6377610B1 (en) * 1997-04-25 2002-04-23 Deutsche Telekom Ag Decoding method and decoding device for a CDMA transmission system for demodulating a received signal available in serial code concatenation
GB2368705A (en) * 2000-05-26 2002-05-08 Cohen Ellis B Monitoring a person using breathing apparatus
WO2002058026A1 (en) * 2001-01-19 2002-07-25 Crowcon Detection Instruments Ltd. System for warning device having information interface
DE10157114A1 (de) * 2001-11-21 2003-05-28 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Umgebungserfassungs- und Arbeitsmanagementsystem fürArbeiten in aerosolkontaminierter Umgebung
WO2004091725A1 (de) * 2003-04-15 2004-10-28 Peter Aust Verfahren zur überwachung von zumindest zwei personen mit externer atemluftversorgung
GB2427732A (en) * 2005-06-28 2007-01-03 Cohen Ellis B Personal monitor
GB2496402A (en) * 2011-11-09 2013-05-15 Draeger Safety Uk Ltd Monitoring apparatus
GB2511138A (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-27 Draeger Safety Uk Ltd A personal safety device
GB2523146A (en) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-19 Draeger Safety Uk Ltd Monitoring apparatus
US10657801B2 (en) 2016-06-08 2020-05-19 Sts Defence Limited Predicting temperature rise event

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108416994A (zh) * 2018-05-25 2018-08-17 深圳市青桔信息技术有限公司 一种智能液化气瓶安全装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1980000516A1 (en) * 1977-03-22 1980-03-20 T Cataldo Switch means for radio alarm device
EP0428131A2 (de) * 1989-11-13 1991-05-22 CAIRNS & BROTHER INCORPORATED Druckanzeigevorrichtung für unabhängiges Atemgerät
US5157378A (en) * 1991-08-06 1992-10-20 North-South Corporation Integrated firefighter safety monitoring and alarm system
US5317305A (en) * 1992-01-30 1994-05-31 Campman James P Personal alarm device with vibrating accelerometer motion detector and planar piezoelectric hi-level sound generator
US5492110A (en) * 1994-12-23 1996-02-20 Golden West Communications Switched alert circuit for fireman's breathing system
US5541579A (en) * 1995-03-23 1996-07-30 Kiernan; Christopher Personal alarm safety system
WO1997019726A2 (en) * 1995-11-30 1997-06-05 Mine Safety Appliances Company Self-contained breathing apparatus having a personal alert safety system integrated therewith

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1980000516A1 (en) * 1977-03-22 1980-03-20 T Cataldo Switch means for radio alarm device
EP0428131A2 (de) * 1989-11-13 1991-05-22 CAIRNS & BROTHER INCORPORATED Druckanzeigevorrichtung für unabhängiges Atemgerät
US5157378A (en) * 1991-08-06 1992-10-20 North-South Corporation Integrated firefighter safety monitoring and alarm system
US5317305A (en) * 1992-01-30 1994-05-31 Campman James P Personal alarm device with vibrating accelerometer motion detector and planar piezoelectric hi-level sound generator
US5492110A (en) * 1994-12-23 1996-02-20 Golden West Communications Switched alert circuit for fireman's breathing system
US5541579A (en) * 1995-03-23 1996-07-30 Kiernan; Christopher Personal alarm safety system
WO1997019726A2 (en) * 1995-11-30 1997-06-05 Mine Safety Appliances Company Self-contained breathing apparatus having a personal alert safety system integrated therewith

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6377610B1 (en) * 1997-04-25 2002-04-23 Deutsche Telekom Ag Decoding method and decoding device for a CDMA transmission system for demodulating a received signal available in serial code concatenation
WO1999059676A1 (de) * 1998-05-19 1999-11-25 Deutsche Telekom Ag System zur überwachung von atemschutzgeräteträgern
DE19822412B4 (de) * 1998-05-19 2008-06-05 Deutsche Telekom Ag System zur Überwachung von Atemschutzgeräteträgern
EP0961029A1 (de) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-01 Renault Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung des Betriebs einer Brennkraftmachine nach dem Verschmutzungsgrad der Zündkerzen
FR2779183A1 (fr) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-03 Renault Procede de controle moteur selon l'encrassement des bougies d'allumage et dispositif de mise en oeuvre
WO2001008752A1 (de) * 1999-07-29 2001-02-08 Msa Auer Gmbh Warngerät für einen pressluftatmer
WO2001043102A1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2001-06-14 Sigurd Andersen Temperature alarm device for a breathing apparatus
GB2368705A (en) * 2000-05-26 2002-05-08 Cohen Ellis B Monitoring a person using breathing apparatus
WO2002058026A1 (en) * 2001-01-19 2002-07-25 Crowcon Detection Instruments Ltd. System for warning device having information interface
DE10157114B4 (de) * 2001-11-21 2005-09-01 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Umgebungserfassungs- und Arbeitsmanagementsystem fürArbeiten in aerosolkontaminierter Umgebung
DE10157114A1 (de) * 2001-11-21 2003-05-28 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Umgebungserfassungs- und Arbeitsmanagementsystem fürArbeiten in aerosolkontaminierter Umgebung
WO2004091725A1 (de) * 2003-04-15 2004-10-28 Peter Aust Verfahren zur überwachung von zumindest zwei personen mit externer atemluftversorgung
GB2427732A (en) * 2005-06-28 2007-01-03 Cohen Ellis B Personal monitor
GB2496402A (en) * 2011-11-09 2013-05-15 Draeger Safety Uk Ltd Monitoring apparatus
GB2496402B (en) * 2011-11-09 2016-02-24 Draeger Safety Uk Ltd Monitoring apparatus
GB2511138A (en) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-27 Draeger Safety Uk Ltd A personal safety device
US9679466B2 (en) 2013-02-26 2017-06-13 Draeger Safety Uk Limited Personal safety device and a harness for breathing apparatus
GB2511138B (en) * 2013-02-26 2017-09-27 Draeger Safety Uk Ltd A personal safety device
GB2523146A (en) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-19 Draeger Safety Uk Ltd Monitoring apparatus
US10252089B2 (en) 2014-02-14 2019-04-09 Draeger Safety Uk Limited Monitoring apparatus
US10657801B2 (en) 2016-06-08 2020-05-19 Sts Defence Limited Predicting temperature rise event

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69718958T2 (de) 2003-06-18
EP0801368B1 (de) 2003-02-12
CA2202569A1 (en) 1997-10-13
DE69718958D1 (de) 2003-03-20
AU1788197A (en) 1997-10-23
ATE232630T1 (de) 2003-02-15

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