EP0799701A1 - Verfahren zur Wartung eines Druckkopfes für flüssige Tinte - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Wartung eines Druckkopfes für flüssige Tinte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0799701A1
EP0799701A1 EP97200949A EP97200949A EP0799701A1 EP 0799701 A1 EP0799701 A1 EP 0799701A1 EP 97200949 A EP97200949 A EP 97200949A EP 97200949 A EP97200949 A EP 97200949A EP 0799701 A1 EP0799701 A1 EP 0799701A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ink
printhead
drops
image data
purge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97200949A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Frederick A. Donahue
David G. Anderson
Richard A. Hull
Walter F. Wafler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xerox Corp
Original Assignee
Xerox Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xerox Corp filed Critical Xerox Corp
Publication of EP0799701A1 publication Critical patent/EP0799701A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/165—Prevention or detection of nozzle clogging, e.g. cleaning, capping or moistening for nozzles
    • B41J2/16517—Cleaning of print head nozzles
    • B41J2/1652—Cleaning of print head nozzles by driving a fluid through the nozzles to the outside thereof, e.g. by applying pressure to the inside or vacuum at the outside of the print head

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to maintaining the operation of a liquid ink printhead in a liquid ink printer
  • Liquid ink printers of the type frequently referred to as continuous stream or as drop-on-demand have at least one printhead from which droplets of ink are directed to a recording medium.
  • the ink may be contained in a plurality of channels where power pulses are used to cause the droplets of ink to be expelled, as required, from orifices or nozzles at the ends of the channels.
  • the power pulses that result in a rapidly expanding gas bubble to eject the ink from the nozzle are usually produced by resistors, also known as heaters, each located in a respective one of the channels, which are individually addressable by voltage pulses to heat and vaporize ink in the channels.
  • resistors also known as heaters
  • a vapor bubble grows in that particular channel and ink bulges from the channel orifice.
  • the bubble begins to collapse.
  • the ink within the channel retracts and separates from the bulging ink which forms a droplet moving in a direction away from the channel orifice and towards the recording medium.
  • the channel is then re-filled by capillary action, which in turn draws ink from a supply container. Operation of a thermal ink jet printer is described in, for example, US-A-4,849,774
  • thermal ink jet printer is described in US-A-4,638,337. That printer is of the carriage type and has a plurality of printheads, each with its own ink supply cartridge, mounted on a reciprocating carriage. The nozzles in each printhead are aligned perpendicularly to the line of movement of the carriage and a swath of information is printed on the stationary recording medium as the carriage is moved in one direction. The recording medium is then stepped, perpendicularly to the line of carriage movement, by a distance equal to the width of the printed swath The carriage is then moved in the reverse direction to print another swath of information.
  • a pagewidth ink jet printer is described in US-A-5,192,959.
  • the pagewidth printer includes a full width printhead or printbar which is stationary during printing operations. A sheet of paper is stepped past the printhead and ink is ejected along the entire width of the recording medium for recording images.
  • US-A-5,248,999 to Mochizuki describes an ink jet type recording device having an ink purging feature.
  • a memory circuit is provided for storing data representing the quantity of waste ink sucked out by a suction pump.
  • a control circuit is provided for nullifying an ink purging instruction when the sum of the quantities of waste ink exceeds a predetermined value.
  • a liquid ink printer of the type in which liquid ink is deposited on a recording medium in response to image data received thereby.
  • the printer includes a liquid ink printhead, including an ink carrying conduit terminated by an ink ejecting orifice ejecting ink drops in response to the image data and a maintenance device, in communication with the liquid ink printhead, directing the liquid ink printhead to eject purge ink drops from the ink ejecting orifice as a function of the image data.
  • a method of maintaining the proper operation of a liquid ink printhead printing an image on a recording medium by depositing ink drops from an ink ejecting orifice in response to image data includes the steps of determining the necessity of ejecting a purge ink drop as a function of the image data and ejecting the purge ink drop from the ink ejecting orifice to maintain the proper operation of the ink ejecting orifice based on the determining step.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a partial, schematic, perspective view of an ink jet printer 10 having an ink jet printhead cartridge 12 mounted on a carriage 14 supported by carriage rails 16.
  • the printhead cartridge 12 includes a housing 18 containing ink for supply to a thermal ink jet printhead 20 which expels drops of ink under control of electrical signals received from a controller or central processing unit of the printer 10 through an electrical cable 22.
  • the printhead 20 contains a plurality of ink channels (not shown) which carry ink from the housing 18 to respective ink ejecting orifices or nozzles (also not shown).
  • the carriage 14 reciprocates or scans back and forth along the carriage rails 16 in the direction of an arrow 24.
  • a recording medium 26 such as a sheet of paper or a transparency
  • drops of ink are expelled from selected ones of the printhead nozzles towards the sheet of paper 26 to form an image.
  • the ink ejecting orifices or nozzles are typically arranged in a linear array perpendicular to the scanning direction 24.
  • the recording medium 26 is held in a stationary position. At the end of each pass, however, the recording medium is stepped in the direction of an arrow 28.
  • a maintenance station 30 At one side of the printer 10, outside a printing zone, which encompasses the width of the recording medium 26, is a maintenance station 30, a portion thereof which is illustrated At the end of a printing operation, or at other times when necessary, the printhead carriage 14 is moved to a maintenance position confronting the maintenance station 30 which includes a chamber 32 to which a section device is connected and through which a vacuum is applied through a vacuum line 34.
  • the chamber 32 includes an opening having attached thereto a maintenance/priming element 36 which contacts the printhead 20 when the carriage is located at the maintenance station position.
  • a vacuum pump (not shown) applies a vacuum to the vacuum line 34 through a waste tank (not shown) for removing ink or debris to insure proper operation of the ink jet nozzles of the printhead 20.
  • the maintenance/priming element 36 when in contact with the printhead 20. maintains an airtight seal around the printhead nozzles.
  • U.S.-A-5,210,550 describes a maintenance station for ink jet printers in more detail.
  • the carriage 14 is moved back and forth in the scanning direction 24 by a belt 38 attached thereto.
  • the belt 38 is driven by a first rotatable pulley 40 and a second rotatable pulley 42.
  • the first rotatable pulley 40 is, in turn, driven by a reversible motor 44 under control of the controller of the ink jet printer.
  • it is also possible to control the motion of the carriage by using a cable/capstan, lead screw, or other mechanism as known by those skilled in the art.
  • the pattern 46 is sensed by a sensor 48, such as a photodiode, attached to the printhead carriage 14.
  • the linear strip 44 extends into an area outside the width of the recording medium 26 such that carriage control to a position in front of the maintenance station 30 can be accomplished when necessary.
  • Other positioning devices such as rotary encoders or other known techniques are also possible.
  • the printhead cartridge 12 is moved to a position outside the printing zone to engage the maintenance station 30
  • the maintenance station 30 is moved towards the printhead 20 until the priming element 36 contacts the printhead.
  • the printhead 20 typically ejects ink from all of the nozzles of the printhead to thereby purge the printhead nozzles and to force any ink from the nozzles which may have dried sufficiently to impede the proper ejection of ink therefrom.
  • ink is ejected from every nozzle after a fixed printing interval into the maintenance station. These purging drops remove the viscous plug that forms at the ink jet nozzle to air interface due to the evaporation of the volatile components of the ink.
  • purging drops for each nozzle are fired in the interdocument region between printed pages based on the assumption that some nozzles on the array were not fired, particularly those in the margins. Due to the large number of nozzles contained within a full width array printbar and the purge frequency required for some ink formulations, the amount of wasted ink can be considerable. Such ink purging without taking into account whether or not a nozzle has ejected ink results in inefficient maintenance of the printhead nozzles.
  • the present invention includes an apparatus and a method for determining which of the nozzles within a printhead require maintenance and then selectively purging ink from only those nozzles instead of purging ink from the entire array of nozzles.
  • Such intelligent maintenance not only increases the throughput in scanning type ink jet printers, but also reduces the amount of wasted ink in full width array printers.
  • the increase in throughput can be significant since typically all of the nozzles in a partial width array printhead eject ink sufficiently often to make many maintenance operations unnecessary.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an electronic circuit for an ink jet printer incorporating an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ink jet printer 10 includes a controller or central processing unit (CPU) 50 which controls the operation of the printer including various circuitry not illustrated such as, paper feed driver circuits, carriage motor control circuits, and user interface circuitry.
  • the CPU 50 typically communicates over a bus with the various printer circuits and a memory 52 which includes read only memory (ROM) and/or random access memory (RAM)
  • the read only memory can include an operating program for the CPU 50 for controlling the printer and the random access memory can include accessible memory including print buffers for the manipulation of data and for the storage of printing information in the form of bitmaps received from an input device such as a video engine 54.
  • the video engine 54 can be found in any number of devices generating print data including a personal computer or a scanner such as that found in a facsimile machine.
  • the CPU 50 under control of a clock 56 which is used to control various timing operations throughout the printer as is known by those skilled in the art.
  • the CPU 50 also controls the ejection of ink from the nozzles each of which is associated with a respective heater 58 through operation of a drop ejector controller 60.
  • a thermal ink jet printhead includes an integrated circuit having 192 of the thermal ink jet heaters 58 which are powered by a burn voltage 62 which is typically around 40 volts.
  • Each of the heaters 58 is additionally coupled to a power MOS FET driver 64 coupled to a ground 66.
  • the drivers 64 energize the heaters 58 for expelling ink drops from the nozzles. While, the present invention is applicable to any number of ink jet heaters 58, however, six heaters 58 are shown in FIG. 2 for illustrative purposes.
  • each of the drivers 64 is accomplished by an AND gate 68 having the output thereof coupled to the gate of the driver 64.
  • the AND gates allow for the sequential firing of banks or segments of the nozzle array wherein each bank includes two or more nozzles.
  • the drop ejector controller 60 receives control information from the CPU to simultaneously energize each heater within a bank and to sequentially fire each bank of heaters 58 as described in U.S.-A-5,300,968.
  • a bi-directional shift register controls a 192 nozzle ink jet printhead where eight heaters are energized simultaneously and the banks of eight heaters are controlled sequentially.
  • one embodiment of the present invention includes a timer/register system which incorporates a memory device, such as a register or a memory, storing register bit or memory bit indicating an ejection state for each of the nozzles in the printhead.
  • the memory 52 includes one or more memory locations 70 for nozzles 1 through N.
  • a software timer maintained by the CPU 50, using clock pulses from the clock 56, is set to a nominal latency time period which is the maximum amount of time during which an individual nozzle must eject ink so that a viscous plug does not form.
  • a step 72 all of the nozzle bits 1 through N are set to zero in the memory location 70, wherein zero indicates that the nozzle has not ejected ink.
  • the software timer is set to the nominal latency time at step 74, which when started at step 76, is decremented second by second until the timer has timed out as determined at step 78.
  • the memory bit of the corresponding nozzle is set to an ejection state indicator, for instance a 1.
  • the memory locations 70 are interrogated by the CPU 50 at step 50 to determine whether any of the bits are zero If any zeroes are found, the printhead is moved into engagement with the maintenance station at step 82 and a purge drop is ejected from the nozzles having the bits set to zero to thereby prevent the formation of a viscous plug. Once the selected nozzle or nozzles have ejected purge drops, all of the nozzle bits are set to zero at step 72 and the process continues as previously described.
  • the drop count/purge circuit 90 generates a signal indicating the state of the nozzles which is then interrogated by the CPU 50 after specified period of time.
  • the CPU 50 examines the signal transmitted over a nozzle state line 89 and determines whether or not a purge operation should be conducted. If so, a purge signal is generated by the CPU 50 which is transmitted to the drop count/purge circuit 90 which generates signals to cause purge drops to be ejected from the nozzles of the ink jet printhead.
  • the drop count/purge circuit receives print data from the video engine 54.
  • a drop counter 92 one associated with each of the ink jet nozzles, receives print data from the video engine 54 to determine how many drops are ejected from a particular nozzle. Since the present invention is described with respect to a printhead firing banks of nozzles sequentially.
  • each of the drop counters 92 receives the print data corresponding to the respective nozzles under control of a nozzle decoder 94 having an output coupled to a first AND gate 96 and a second AND gate 98. both respectively associated with one of the drop counters 92.
  • the nozzle decoder 94 is controlled by a bank counter 100 and a nozzle counter 102 each operating in response to signals received from the CPU 50 (not shown).
  • the bank counter 100 and the nozzle counter 102 sequence the nozzle decoder 94 through each nozzle within a bank and each bank within the printhead such that the appropriate print data from the video engine is directed to the appropriate drop counter 92.
  • a multiplexer 104 selects either the print data from the video engine or a signal known as an inhibit count signal to be described later.
  • the state of the purge signal generated by the CPU 50 causes the multiplexer 104 to select the print data from the video engine which then passes through the multiplexer 104 to the input of the drop counter 92.
  • the drop counter 92 is preloaded with a drop count D O -D N , selected to prevent viscous plugs from forming in the nozzles. For instance, the drop counter might be set at 10 drops for a carbon black ink. Likewise, inks of different colors being ejected may each require different purging schedules where the number of purge drops varies from color to color over different periods of time.
  • humidity and temperature may affect the formation of viscous plugs such that a humidity and/or temperature sensor, monitored by the CPU 50, may generate signals which are used to adjust the purge schedule.
  • a comparator 106 coupled to the output of the drop counter 92 determines if the drop counter count has been reduced to 0, indicating that the necessary number of drops to prevent the formation of viscous plugs has been ejected. If so, the comparator 106 generates a 1 which is transmitted over a line as an input to an AND gate 108 which also receives the outputs from the remaining comparators 106B to 106N each being associated with a respective drop counter. The output of the AND gate 108 transmits a signal indicating whether or not any nozzle has ejected the required number of drops over the specified time. At the end of the time period, the output of the AND gate 108 is interrogated by the CPU.
  • the output of the comparator 106 is also negated by a NAND gate 110 whose output is returned to one of the inputs of the AND gate 96 and is also transmitted as an input to a multiplexer 112.
  • the multiplexer 112 receives the outputs from the remaining NAND gates 110B through 110N and transmits purge signals to eject purge drops.
  • the output signal of the multiplexer 112 is transmitted to a multiplexer 114 which also receives as an input the print data from the video engine.
  • the output of the multiplexer 114 is either the print data or purge signals sent to the printhead depending on the state of the signal transmitted by the PURGE line.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a method of operation for the circuit of FIG. 4 in conjunction with the CPU 50.
  • the initial drop count is loaded , at step 120, into each of the drop counters 92 of FIG. 4.
  • the CPU then starts a countdown timer written in software code.
  • the print data from the video engine which is input to each of the multiplexers 104 under control of the nozzle decoder 94, is used to determine the drop count of the drops ejected by the nozzles.
  • Each of the drop counters use the print data to determine drops ejected and are sequenced in the same manner as the individual heaters of the printhead are sequenced so that the drop counter counts the corresponding number of drops ejected by the heater to which it is associated.
  • the drop counters are decremented one by one with each drop ejection until zero is reached some other value is generated at time the countdown timer times out at step 124 of FIG. 5.
  • the drop count is analyzed by the CPU by interrogating the nozzle state line. If the nozzles state line is a 1. all drop counters are at zero and no maintenance operation is necessary. The CPU then returns to step 120 to load the initial drop count in each of the individual drop counters 92 and the counting procedure begins again.
  • the printhead is engaged to a maintenance station at step 130 to eject purge drops.
  • the printhead may be moved to the side of the page where the maintenance station is located and the maintenance station is then moved into contact with the printhead.
  • the printhead may move into contact with a maintenance station which is located away from the paper path or may eject purge drops into the interdocument region In either event the purge drops are ejected from the respective nozzles to reduce each of the drop counts maintained by the drop counters to zero as shown at step 132.
  • the CPU generates the purge signal which is input to each of the multiplexers 104 causing the multiplexers to not select print data from the video engine but instead to input the inhibit count signal so that the drop counters which have not been decremented to zero are now decremented by one each time a purge drop is ejected from a nozzle into the maintenance station. For instance, if a counter is set at 5, then 5 drops must be ejected to complete the maintenance purge operation.
  • the nozzle decoder 94 sequences through each of the drop counters such that the multiplexer 112 selects the appropriate drop counter for causing a single drop to be ejected from the appropriate nozzle over a print data to printhead line 133.
  • each of the drop counters are sequentially addressed such that the remaining number of drops to be ejected from the respective nozzles are then ejected sequentially through each of the nozzles. This sequential firing of heaters prevents the heaters from being overstressed which could occur if a single nozzle ejects all of the required purge drops in a row.
  • the output of the AND gate 108 is continually monitored by the CPU at step 134 such that when the output of the AND gate is a 1 thereby indicating that all of the necessary purge drops have been ejected.
  • the CPU 50 determines whether or not printing has been completed at step 136. If printing has not been completed, the CPU returns to step 120 to load the initial drop count into each of the drop counters so that the procedure can begin again. If, however, printing is complete and no more print jobs are in the queue, then the printhead is capped at step 138.
  • the present invention is therefore not limited to the embodiments described herein but is equally applicable to other apparatus and methods which determine the time periods between the ejection of drops from a nozzle or the amount of time over which a number of drops are ejected from a nozzle. For instance, it is also possible that when a nozzle has ejected a drop, a value from a free running software timer is loaded into a memory location associated with the particular nozzle. Periodically. the CPU would interrogate all of the registers or memory locations and look for values that are too long, that is, values lower than a preselected value.
  • the CPU causes the printhead to engage the maintenance station and any nozzles that have not ejected ink often enough then eject purge drops to prevent the formation of viscous plugs. This sequence would continue throughout the printing process. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the appended claims.

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EP97200949A 1996-04-01 1997-04-01 Verfahren zur Wartung eines Druckkopfes für flüssige Tinte Withdrawn EP0799701A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US626300 1984-06-29
US62630096A 1996-04-01 1996-04-01

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1702754A1 (de) * 2005-01-24 2006-09-20 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Beseitigung der Verstopfung der Druckerdüsen
US7690755B2 (en) 2005-12-08 2010-04-06 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Image-forming apparatus having purge/wiping mechanism
US7726770B2 (en) 2005-10-31 2010-06-01 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Inkjet printer
FR2940178A1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-25 Neopost Technologies Module d'impression de machine a affranchir a duree de vie optimisee

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02141248A (ja) * 1988-11-24 1990-05-30 Canon Inc インクジェット記録装置
EP0443808A1 (de) * 1990-02-23 1991-08-28 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Bildkommunikationsgerät
EP0589581A2 (de) * 1992-09-25 1994-03-30 Hewlett-Packard Company Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Farbstrahldruckers mittels Tropfenzählung
EP0704307A2 (de) * 1994-09-30 1996-04-03 Hewlett-Packard Company System mit Säuberungsausstoss auf Blatt für Tintenstrahldruckkopf
EP0714776A2 (de) * 1994-12-01 1996-06-05 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Tintenstrahldruckgerät

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02141248A (ja) * 1988-11-24 1990-05-30 Canon Inc インクジェット記録装置
EP0443808A1 (de) * 1990-02-23 1991-08-28 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Bildkommunikationsgerät
EP0589581A2 (de) * 1992-09-25 1994-03-30 Hewlett-Packard Company Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Farbstrahldruckers mittels Tropfenzählung
EP0704307A2 (de) * 1994-09-30 1996-04-03 Hewlett-Packard Company System mit Säuberungsausstoss auf Blatt für Tintenstrahldruckkopf
EP0714776A2 (de) * 1994-12-01 1996-06-05 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Tintenstrahldruckgerät

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 379 (M - 1012) 16 August 1990 (1990-08-16) *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1702754A1 (de) * 2005-01-24 2006-09-20 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Beseitigung der Verstopfung der Druckerdüsen
US7360859B2 (en) 2005-01-24 2008-04-22 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Unclogging printer nozzles
US7726770B2 (en) 2005-10-31 2010-06-01 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Inkjet printer
US7690755B2 (en) 2005-12-08 2010-04-06 Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Image-forming apparatus having purge/wiping mechanism
FR2940178A1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-25 Neopost Technologies Module d'impression de machine a affranchir a duree de vie optimisee

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