EP0794545B1 - Interrupteur ou disjoncteur électrique sous vide - Google Patents
Interrupteur ou disjoncteur électrique sous vide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0794545B1 EP0794545B1 EP97410021A EP97410021A EP0794545B1 EP 0794545 B1 EP0794545 B1 EP 0794545B1 EP 97410021 A EP97410021 A EP 97410021A EP 97410021 A EP97410021 A EP 97410021A EP 0794545 B1 EP0794545 B1 EP 0794545B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- turn
- portions
- switch according
- electrically connected
- cartridge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
- H01H33/6641—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings making use of a separate coil
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric vacuum switch intended to ensure the break in an electrical circuit especially in low or medium voltage.
- circuit breaker as described in patent application FR-2,682,808 of the applicant comprising a vacuum interrupter in which are housed two arcing contacts, one of which is fixed, is secured to one of the bottoms while the other, mobile, is mounted to slide axially inside the cartridge between a closed position and a contact separation position causing the formation of an arc current.
- This circuit breaker further comprises a coil arranged coaxially outside the cartridge in line with the separation interval of the arcing contacts, this coil being intended to produce an axial magnetic field in the arcing region.
- One of the drawbacks of this type of circuit breaker is that the coil being in series with the arcing contacts, all of the main current flows through the coil.
- the present invention solves these problems and proposes a vacuum interrupter or circuit breaker, of particularly simple design, making it possible to further reduce these losses.
- the subject of the present invention is an electrical switch intended to ensure breaking in an electrical circuit, of the type comprising an elongated cartridge under vacuum with a cylindrical envelope closed by two bottoms, in which two arcing contacts are intended intended for be electrically connected respectively to two power supply areas, one of which, fixed, is secured to one of the bottoms while the other, mobile, is mounted to slide axially inside the cartridge, and at least one means intended to produce an axial magnetic field in the zone of formation of the arc,
- this switch being characterized in that the aforesaid means comprises at least two portions of turn mounted in parallel around the contacts, each portion of turn forming a fraction of a coil of length less than a full turn and each comprising a first end electrically connected to one of the arcing contacts and a second extrem ity electrically connected to the current supply range of said contact, said portions being arranged outside the cartridge, in line with the separation interval of the arcing contacts.
- the invention also relates to an electrical switch intended to ensure breaking in an electrical circuit, of the type comprising an elongated cartridge under vacuum with a cylindrical envelope closed by two bottoms, in which are housed two arcing contacts intended to be electrically connected respectively to two current supply ranges, one of which is fixed, is integral with one of the abovementioned bottoms while the other, mobile, is mounted to slide axially inside the cartridge, and at least one means intended to produce an axial magnetic field in the arc formation zone,
- this switch being characterized in that the aforementioned means comprises at least two portions of turn mounted in parallel around the contacts, each portion of turn forming a fraction of turn of length less than a full turn and each comprising a first end electrically connected to one of the arcing contacts and a second end electrically connected to the current supply range of said contact and in that the first and second ends of each portion of turn are electrically connected by means of bypass intended to divert part of the main current through the portions of turn, during the cut.
- all of the combined turn portions form
- the turns portions as well as the bypass means are mounted coaxially inside the cartridge.
- the turns and the bypass means are mounted between the fixed arcing contact and the corresponding current supply range.
- the turns portions as well as the bypass means are integral part of one or both of the arcing contacts.
- the turns portions being two in number, the second end of one of the turns is superimposed on the first end of the other of the portions of turn.
- the switch comprises a first bell comprising several portions of whorl electrically connected by one of their ends to the aforementioned range (or in arcing contact) and by their end opposite to a second bell conductor arranged coaxially to the cartridge and electrically connected to the arcing contact (or respectively to the aforementioned range).
- the second bell also includes portions of a coil, the same number of turn portions than the first, electrically connected by one of their ends, respectively to the turns of the first bell and by their ends opposite to said arcing contact, the turns of the coil associated with the first and the second bell being arranged in relation to each other so as to cancel the components axial currents passing through the portions of turns.
- the aforementioned bypass means comprises a resistive element and / or an inductive element mounted in parallel with the turns portions.
- a vacuum switch I comprising a bulb (or cartridge) to vacuum C mainly constituted by a cylindrical envelope 1 closed by two bottoms opposite in which are housed two arcing contacts respectively fixed 4 and movable 5 (not visible in this figure, but visible in Figure 5).
- Fixed arcing contact 4 is secured to the bottom located at the top of the casing 1 while the arcing contact mobile 5 is slidably mounted through the other of the two bottoms.
- This switch I also comprises a means intended to create an axial magnetic field between the contacts 4, 5 in order to obtain a diffusion of the arc.
- this means comprises two half-turns 2, 20 symmetrical such as that 2 illustrated in FIG. 2. These two half-turns 2, 20 are mounted outside of bulb C in line with the contact separation interval arc 4, 5, so as to form a complete loop.
- Each portion of coil 2, 20 is constituted by a half-turn having two ends 2a, 20a and 2b, 20b extending parallel to the bottoms of cartridge C.
- first ends 2a, 20a intended to be connected electrically at fixed contact 4
- second end 2b, 20b intended to be electrically connected to the area 19 (not shown in this figure) for supplying the current at the fixed arcing contact 4.
- the first two ends 2a, 20a associated respectively with the two portions of turns are of complementary shape and are arranged end to end, just like the two second ends 2b, 20b.
- a layer of insulating material 22 with a thickness of about 1mm is interposed between the first 2a, 20a and the second 2b, 20b, ends, said layer 22 extending to the bottom of the portions of coil 2, 20.
- the first ends 2a, 20a of portion of coil are connected electrically at the second ends 2b, 20b by a bypass means M mounted in parallel with said portions and constituted in this particular embodiment, by a stud 23 made of stainless steel. This means is intended to derive a part sufficient current through the coil portions 2, 20.
- bypass means M makes it possible to adjust the current to precise values, which makes it possible to precisely create the necessary magnetic field thereby minimizing losses.
- the bulb is equipped with three thirds of a turn, which are once again symmetrical.
- a single piece is thus used (fig. 8) to make, after mounting several sectors, a complete turn.
- the two aforementioned two half-turns 2, 20 are formed inside one of the 4 arc contact elements.
- the two contacts arc 4, 5 may advantageously be equipped with such portions of turns.
- the bulb C is surrounded by several portions of turns. he as a result, currents can be created whose axial component is capable of produce unwanted magnetic fields in the radial direction, these fields having to repel the arc outside the space between the arcing contacts.
- the two ends 2a, 2b or 20a, 20b of each portion of coil 2, 20 are axially offset, and the two second ends 2b, 20b are superimposed respectively at the first two ends 20a and 2a.
- the switch I comprises a first bell 14 comprising a number of portions of turns 18, for example seven.
- These coil portions include an end electrically connected to a pad supplying current 19 to fixed contact 4 and one end electrically connected to a second conductive bell 15 mounted inside the first 14 and connected electrically in contact with a fixed arc 4, this second bell 15 realizing the compensation of the above-mentioned axial current components.
- this second bell 15 can advantageously be an integral part of the envelope 1 of the bulb as shown in Figure 5, and be fixed to the first by brazing. Note also that this second bell 15 could also have been placed outside the first.
- the bypass means M is constituted by a resistive element 6 in the form of disc interposed between the two aforementioned bells 14, 15.
- the switch I comprises, as in the previous embodiment, two coaxial bells 14, 16, electrically connected to their lower part, one of the outer 14 of which has connected turns 18 electrically at the current supply range 19 of the fixed arcing contact 4.
- the compensation of the axial current components is obtained by the fact that the inner bell 16 also includes portions of coil 17, said portions 17 being located in the extension of the turns 18 of the bell external 14 and electrically connected to the fixed arcing contact 4.
- the portions of turns belonging to the two bells are arranged in relation to each other of so as to bring the current up so that the currents oriented in the direction axial cancel each other out.
- the ratio between the radial field and the axial field is reduced, whence it follows that the effects of the above-mentioned axial current components are reduced.
- bypass means can be achieved by a simple stud that supports the two turns of the coil and the bulb, only 20% of the current passing through this stud, which further facilitates mounting.
- the derivative current first passes to through the turns 18 of the first bell 14 and then through the second bell 15, 16 before crossing the arcing contacts 4, 5.
- an inductive shunt could just as easily have been used instead of a resistive shunt or a combination of an inductive shunt and a resistive shunt.
Landscapes
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Description
L'une des solutions à ce problème consiste, comme décrit dans la demande de brevet n° 9413408 de la demanderesse, à interposer un moyen de dérivation entre les deux extrémités de la bobine, ledit moyen étant destiné à dériver une partie du courant principal à travers la bobine pendant la coupure, afin de créer un champ magnétique axial réduit et ainsi une perte réduite. Cependant, dans cette réalisation, les pertes thermiques restent importantes.
On connaít également le document DE 39 14967 qui décrit un dispositif selon le préambule des revendications 1 et 2, et dans lequel le moyen pour produire le champ magnétique axial comprend au moins deux spires entourant chacune complètement l'enveloppe de l'interrupteur, d'où un encombrement important et des pertes engendrées importantes.
L'invention a également pour objet un interrupteur électrique destiné à assurer la coupure dans un circuit électrique, du genre comprenant une cartouche allongée sous vide à enveloppe cylindrique obturée par deux fonds, dans laquelle sont logés deux contacts d'arc destinés à être reliés électriquement respectivement à deux plages d'amenée du courant dont l'un fixe, est solidaire de l'un des fonds précités tandis que l'autre, mobile, est monté à coulissement axial à l'intérieur de la cartouche, et au moins un moyen destiné à produire un champs magnétique axial dans la zone de formation de l'arc, cet interrupteur étant caractérisé en ce que le moyen précité comporte au moins deux portions de spire montées en parallèle autour des contacts, chaque portion de spire formant une fraction de spire de longueur inférieure à un tour complet et comprenant chacune une première extrémité reliée électriquement à l'un des contacts d'arc et une seconde extrémité reliée électriquement à la plage d'amenée de courant dudit contact et en ce que les première et seconde extrémités de chaque portion de spire sont reliées électriquement par un moyen de dérivation destiné à dériver une partie du courant principal à travers les portions de spire, pendant la coupure.
Selon une autre caractéristique, l'ensemble des portions de spire réunies forme une boucle complète.
Selon une caractéristique particulière, les portions de spire sont au nombre de deux.
Selon une réalisation particulière, les portions de spire ainsi que le moyen de dérivation M sont montés coaxialement à l'extérieur de la cartouche.
- La figure 1 est une vue en perspective, illustrant une ampoule à vide conforme à une réalisation particulière de l'invention,
- La figure 2 est une vue en perspective, illustrant l'une des portions de spire utilisée dans la réalisation de l'ampoule de la figure précédente,
- La figure 3 est une vue en perspective illustrant les deux portions de spires utilisées dans cette même réalisation et constituant le moyen de création du champ axial.
- La figure 4 est une vue en perspective illustrant l'un des contacts d'une ampoule conforme à une autre réalisation de l'invention,
- Les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues partielles illustrant en coupe axiale, deux autres réalisations d'un interrupteur à vide conforme à l'invention, et
- Les figures 7 et 8 illustrent respectivement une ampoule équipée de trois portions de spire montées en parallèle, et un tiers de spire.
On notera également l'effet d'autoverrouillage des secteurs après montage du goujon 23, obtenu grâce à la forme particulière des extrémités des portions de spire.
Claims (12)
- Interrupteur électrique destiné à assurer la coupure dans un circuit électrique, du genre comprenant une cartouche allongée sous vide C à enveloppe cylindrique obturée par deux fonds, dans laquelle sont logés deux contacts d'arc (4,5) destinés à être reliés électriquement respectivement à deux plages d'amenée du courant, dont l'un fixe (4), est solidaire de l'un des fonds précités tandis que l'autre, mobile (5), est monté à coulissement axial à l'intérieur de la cartouche (C), et au moins un moyen (2,20) destiné à produire un champs magnétique axial dans la zone de formation de l'arc, ledit moyen comportant au moins deux portions de spire (2, 20) montées en parallèle autour des contacts (4, 5), caractérisé en ce que chaqune portion de spire forme une fraction de spire de longueur inférieure à un tour complet et comprend une première extrémité (2a, 20a) reliée électriquement à l'un (4) des contacts d'arc (4, 5) et une seconde extrémité (2b, 20b) reliée électriquement à la plage d'amenée (19) de courant dudit contact (4), lesdites portions (2, 20) étant disposées à l'extérieur de la cartouche C, au droit de l'intervalle de séparation des contacts d'arc (4, 5).
- Interrupteur électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les première (2a, 20a) et seconde (2b, 20b) extrémités de chaque portion de spire (2, 20) sont reliées électriquement par un moyen de dérivation M destiné à dériver une partie du courant principal à travers les portions de spire (2, 20), pendant la coupure.
- Interrupteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble des portions de spire réunies forment une boucle complète.
- Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les portions de spire (2, 20) sont au nombre de deux.
- Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les portions de spire (2, 20) ainsi que le moyen de dérivation M sont montés coaxialement à l'extérieur de la cartouche C.
- Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les portions de spire (2, 20) ainsi que le moyen de dérivation M sont montés coaxialement à l'intérieur de la cartouche C.
- Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les portions de spire (2, 20) ainsi que le moyen de dérivation M sont montés entre le contact d'arc fixe (4) et la plage d'amenée de courant correspondante (19).
- Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les portions de spire (2, 20) ainsi que le moyen de dérivation M font partie intégrante de l'un ou bien des deux contacts d'arc (4, 5).
- Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les portions de spire étant au nombre de deux, la seconde extrémité (2b, 20b) de chaque portion de spire est superposée à la première extrémité (2a, 20a), de l'autre des portions de spire.
- Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une première cloche (14) comportant plusieurs portions de spire reliées électriquement par l'une de leurs extrémités à la plage précitée (19) (ou au contact d'arc 4) et par leur extrémité opposée à une seconde cloche conductrice (15, 16) disposée coaxialement à la cartouche et reliée électriquement au contact d'arc (4) (ou respectivement à la plage précitée (19)).
- Interrupteur selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la seconde cloche (16) comporte un même nombre de portions de spire (17) reliées électriquement par l'une de leurs extrémités, rèspectivement aux portions de spire (18) de la première cloche (14) et par leur extrémité opposée audit contact d'arc (4), les portions de spire associées à la première (14) et à la seconde (16) cloche étant agencées les unes par rapport aux autres de manière à annuler les composantes axiales des courants traversant les portions de spires.
- Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de dérivation précité comporte un élément résistif et/ou un élément inductif monté en parallèle avec les portions de spires (2, 20).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9603182A FR2745946B1 (fr) | 1996-03-08 | 1996-03-08 | Interrupteur ou disjoncteur electrique sous vide |
| FR9603182 | 1996-03-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0794545A1 EP0794545A1 (fr) | 1997-09-10 |
| EP0794545B1 true EP0794545B1 (fr) | 2004-04-21 |
Family
ID=9490161
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97410021A Expired - Lifetime EP0794545B1 (fr) | 1996-03-08 | 1997-02-24 | Interrupteur ou disjoncteur électrique sous vide |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5877466A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0794545B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH1031943A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1153236C (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69728709T2 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2217379T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2745946B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1017985C2 (nl) * | 2001-05-03 | 2002-11-05 | Holec Holland Nv | Vacuümonderbreker voorzien van een coaxiale spoel voor het opwekken van een axiaal magneetveld nabij de contactorganen van de onderbreker. |
| DE102012222328B4 (de) * | 2012-12-05 | 2021-06-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schaltgerät |
| ES2702906T3 (es) | 2013-11-19 | 2019-03-06 | Cleveland Clinic Found | Sistema para tratar la apnea obstructiva del sueño utilizando un estimulador neuromuscula |
| EP4241690A3 (fr) | 2019-05-02 | 2023-10-25 | XII Medical, Inc. | Systèmes pour améliorer un trouble respiratoire du sommeil |
| WO2021076188A1 (fr) | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-22 | Enhale Medical, Inc. | Sonde de neuromodulation polarisée et son procédé d'utilisation |
| US11691010B2 (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2023-07-04 | Xii Medical, Inc. | Systems and methods for improving sleep disordered breathing |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2411892A (en) * | 1943-07-08 | 1946-12-03 | Gerhard W Peters | Circuit breaker with magnetic arc extinguishing means |
| US2439952A (en) * | 1944-08-31 | 1948-04-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Circuit interrupter |
| US3321599A (en) * | 1966-04-20 | 1967-05-23 | Gen Electric | Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with means for reducing arc voltage during high instantaneous currents |
| ZA74382B (en) * | 1973-01-30 | 1974-11-27 | Hazemeijer Bv | A vacuum circuit interrupter |
| NL162238C (nl) * | 1976-02-19 | 1980-04-15 | Hazemeijer Bv | Vacuumschakelaar met coaxiale magneetspoel. |
| JPS6012626A (ja) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-01-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | しや断器の消弧装置 |
| US4717797A (en) * | 1984-12-18 | 1988-01-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Contact arrangement for a vacuum switching tube |
| JPH0731966B2 (ja) * | 1985-07-12 | 1995-04-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 真空しや断器 |
| US4661665A (en) * | 1986-07-10 | 1987-04-28 | General Electric Company | Vacuum interrupter and method of modifying a vacuum interrupter |
| SU1345271A1 (ru) * | 1986-08-18 | 1987-10-15 | Всесоюзный Электротехнический Институт Им.В.И.Ленина | Контактна система вакуумной дугогасительной камеры |
| DE3823297A1 (de) * | 1988-07-07 | 1989-05-11 | Slamecka Ernst | Vakuumschalter mit aeusserer axialmagnetfelderregungsvorrichtung |
| DE8904071U1 (de) * | 1989-04-03 | 1990-08-02 | AEG Sachsenwerk AG, 93055 Regensburg | Vakuumschalter |
| DE3914967A1 (de) * | 1989-05-03 | 1989-10-05 | Slamecka Ernst | Vakuumschalter mit aeusserer axialmagnetfeld-erzeugungseinrichtung |
| DE4013903A1 (de) * | 1990-04-25 | 1990-11-22 | Slamecka Ernst | Magnetfeld-kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter |
| DE4014768A1 (de) * | 1990-05-03 | 1990-11-29 | Slamecka Ernst | Axialmagnetfeld-schaltstueckanordnung in einer vakuumschaltkammer |
| FR2682808B1 (fr) * | 1991-10-17 | 1997-01-24 | Merlin Gerin | Disjoncteur hybride a bobine de soufflage axial. |
| FR2726396B1 (fr) * | 1994-10-31 | 1996-12-13 | Schneider Electric Sa | Interrupteur electrique sous vide |
-
1996
- 1996-03-08 FR FR9603182A patent/FR2745946B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-02-24 DE DE69728709T patent/DE69728709T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-24 ES ES97410021T patent/ES2217379T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-24 EP EP97410021A patent/EP0794545B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-27 US US08/807,364 patent/US5877466A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-06 JP JP9051441A patent/JPH1031943A/ja active Pending
- 1997-03-06 CN CNB971028699A patent/CN1153236C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2745946B1 (fr) | 1998-04-17 |
| JPH1031943A (ja) | 1998-02-03 |
| FR2745946A1 (fr) | 1997-09-12 |
| EP0794545A1 (fr) | 1997-09-10 |
| ES2217379T3 (es) | 2004-11-01 |
| DE69728709T2 (de) | 2005-04-07 |
| CN1165389A (zh) | 1997-11-19 |
| DE69728709D1 (de) | 2004-05-27 |
| CN1153236C (zh) | 2004-06-09 |
| US5877466A (en) | 1999-03-02 |
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