EP0791130B1 - Procede d'introduction et de dosage d'au moins un additif dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur et applications - Google Patents
Procede d'introduction et de dosage d'au moins un additif dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur et applications Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0791130B1 EP0791130B1 EP96927080A EP96927080A EP0791130B1 EP 0791130 B1 EP0791130 B1 EP 0791130B1 EP 96927080 A EP96927080 A EP 96927080A EP 96927080 A EP96927080 A EP 96927080A EP 0791130 B1 EP0791130 B1 EP 0791130B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- lubricant
- additive
- combustion
- ignition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003879 lubricant additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
- F01M9/02—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00 having means for introducing additives to lubricant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
- F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
- F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
- F01D17/162—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for axial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially perpendicular to the rotor centre line
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
- F01D25/162—Bearing supports
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B51/00—Other methods of operating engines involving pretreating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B61/00—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing
- F02B61/04—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving propellers
- F02B61/045—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving propellers for marine engines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of internal combustion engines, especially those operating in auto-ignition.
- the present invention applies to motors which, for their operation, consume a known and controlled amount of oil, used for its lubricating properties.
- Oil consumption can also be linked to fuel consumption according to a certain ratio.
- Motors operating in this way are for example: motors two-stroke petrol and pump housing, lubricated with lost oil, the oil being able to then be introduced to the intake or mixed with the fuel in a proportion recommended by the manufacturer.
- wet sump four-stroke type crankcase
- This consumption can be obtained by controlled leakage of the lubricating oil into the combustion chamber via for example a relative seal at the level of segmentation.
- the dosage of oil consumed by the engine and introduced in a controlled manner in the combustion chamber of an engine is not limited to two-stroke engines, since we know of work on the four-stroke dry sump engine serving air boost pump and also lubricated by lost oil.
- lubricants For these different engines, a very large number of lubricants are available on the commercial market. Each lubricant responds to a type of specific engine according to specifications established by the manufacturers of engines and lubricants manufacturers. For example, for two-stroke engines, low-end and very inexpensive commercial oils are available for two-wheeled applications with very little pushing (moped). Other lubricants are available for high-performance applications (motorcycles), others still for marine applications (outboard).
- the lubricant when the lubricant is thus consumed in a controlled manner and therefore participates in the combustion of the engine, it can according to the invention be loaded with additives which will improve the quality of combustion according to one or more criteria of quality such as, for example, the minimum emission of polluting substances, the best performance, best cyclical regularity, cleanliness, ....
- additives are mixed with the fuel and are then intended for specific functions such as the reduction of pollutants, reduction of soot formation, regeneration of filters placed at exhaust, detergency.
- the document FR 2 702 009, the patent US 4 621 593 or the document EP 269 228 disclose different methods for adding fuel to an engine.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose a new solution and extremely simple additive feed to the combustion chamber of engines, for specific applications, the additive not being mixed initially fuel but lubricant.
- the invention relates to a method of introduction and metering additives in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine consuming a known and controlled quantity of lubricant in the chamber, process according to which the lubricant consumed comprises at least one additive intended to promote the combustion of an engine operating in controlled self-ignition and to obtain a operation over a wider engine speed and / or load range.
- the additive lubricant is mixed to fuel by the user.
- the lubricant additive is introduced at the engine intake by a specific dosing means.
- a particular application of the invention relates to two-stroke engines with pump housing lubricated by lost oil.
- the engine to which the invention applies can be a two-stroke engine having an external compressor, the lubricant consumption of which is obtained by leaks controlled via engine segmentation.
- the engine can be a four-stroke engine with pump housing lubricated by lost oil.
- the dosage of the lubricant can be controlled electronically based on parameters such as the speed, load, presence or not of rattling, operation or not in auto-ignition ...
- This characteristic therefore allows indirect electronic control of the quantity of additive introduced into the combustion chamber, via electronic dosing lubricant.
- the process according to the invention therefore consists in using an additive lubricant, the formulation of the additive (s) being determined to obtain the required effect on the quality of combustion, and apply it to an engine in which consumption said lubricant is controlled by an appropriate metering means (dosing pump, leak calibrated, ).
- the lubricant according to the invention can precisely comprise the quantity additives that may have been required to participate in the smooth running of the combustion.
- the invention consists in adding the lubricant of a two-stroke engine so as to promote its auto-ignition operation by extending the operating area of the engine according to this self-ignition process.
- Figures 1 and 2 show curves of the engine power W as a function of their speed RM. In each of these figures we can see the curve P max corresponding to the maximum power developed by the motor.
- FIG. 1 shows the operating range of a known two-stroke engine, subject for example of patent application FR 2 649 157 filed in the name of this applicant.
- This known motor has been designed to have a zone (1) of operation in Self-ignition as wide as possible towards low revs and low loads.
- Figure 2 shows the same engine operating range when the lubricant consumed by the engine (in a ratio of approximately 2% of the fuel consumed) contains about 10% of additives promoting the self-ignition process control.
- This additivation of the lubricant according to the invention allows, in this example, extend the self-ignition operating zone to speeds 100 to 200 lower revolutions / minutes. Indeed while in known engines (Figure 1) self-ignition existed for engine speeds greater than around 1700 rpm, according to the invention ( Figure 2) self-ignition appears from 1500 revolutions / minute, equal engine power.
- Parameters related to engine operation such as the rate of compression, internal aerodynamics and stratification of fresh gas / burnt gas, temperature and pressure in the cylinder at the start of compression, ... are known as having a strong influence on the auto-ignition operation and on the extent of the speed range and load where it is obtained.
- Fuel parameters, composition, physico-chemical characteristics, (octane, cetane number, formulation of additives, ...) can also have an influence on this combustion.
- certain additives introduced into the fuel make it possible to extend this zone of auto-ignition operation at low revs with the objective of going up obtain auto-ignition at engine idle speed.
- the introduction of these same additives in a form mixed with the lubricant according to the invention makes it possible to obtain so very simply the same effects.
- the extension of the self-ignition operating zone is particularly interesting and sought after because it avoids combustion irregularities, typical in particular of the two-stroke engine at low load and low speed.
- the additive lubricant is mixed to fuel by the user. This can be the case for two-stroke powered engines at the fuel tank with a petrol oil mixture according to a percentage determined.
- the additive lubricant is introduced at the engine intake.
- This can be the case for two-stroke engines so-called "separate lubrication" pump housing where the user fills two tanks, one of fuel each other with lubricant.
- An oil dosing system can then mix this oil to the fuel just before the carburetor is supplied, or the said system can introduce this oil to the engine intake.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
- La figure 1 montre des courbes définies par la puissance d'un moteur à auto-allumage en fonction de son régime, selon l'art antérieur, et
- La figure 2 montre des courbes déterminées par la puissance d'un moteur à auto-allumage en fonction de son régime, selon l'invention.
Claims (8)
- Procédé d'introduction et de dosage d'additifs dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne consommant dans ladite chambre une quantité de lubrifiant connue et contrôlée, caractérisé en ce que le lubrifiant consommé comprend au moins un additif destiné à favoriser la combustion d'un moteur fonctionnant en auto-allumage contrôlé et à obtenir ainsi un fonctionnement sur une plage plus large de régimes et/ou de charge du moteur.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le lubrifiant additivé est mélangé au carburant par l'utilisateur.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le lubrifiant additivé est introduit à l'admission du moteur, par un moyen spécifique de dosage.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dosage du lubrifiant est contrôlé par des moyens électroniques en fonction de paramètres de fonctionnement du moteur tels que le régime, la charge, la présence ou non de cliquetis, le fonctionnement en auto-allumage.
- Application du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes à un moteur deux temps dont le carter-pompe est lubrifié par huile perdue.
- Application du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 à un moteur deux temps à compresseur externe.
- Application selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la consommation de lubrifiant est réalisée par des fuites contrôlées du lubrifiant dans la chambre de combustion, via les segments du cylindre.
- Application du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 à un moteur quatre temps dont le carter-pompe est lubrifié par huile perdue.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9510798A FR2738594B1 (fr) | 1995-09-08 | 1995-09-08 | Procede d'introduction et de dosage d'au moins un additif dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur et applications associees |
FR9510798 | 1995-09-08 | ||
PCT/FR1996/001173 WO1997009518A1 (fr) | 1995-09-08 | 1996-07-25 | Procede d'introduction et de dosage d'au moins un additif dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur et applications |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0791130A1 EP0791130A1 (fr) | 1997-08-27 |
EP0791130B1 true EP0791130B1 (fr) | 2001-10-17 |
Family
ID=9482556
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96927080A Expired - Lifetime EP0791130B1 (fr) | 1995-09-08 | 1996-07-25 | Procede d'introduction et de dosage d'au moins un additif dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur et applications |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6035815A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0791130B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH10508925A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1077202C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE207187T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69616016T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2738594B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997009518A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2800126B1 (fr) | 1999-10-26 | 2001-11-30 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de combustion par auto-allumage controle et moteur a quatre temps associe avec conduits de transfert entre conduit d'echappement et conduit d'admission |
EP1880751A1 (fr) * | 2006-06-21 | 2008-01-23 | Castrol Limited | Procédé et dipositif pour ajouter des additivies a l'huile d'un moteur |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4198931A (en) * | 1979-02-01 | 1980-04-22 | Ethyl Corporation | Diesel fuel |
FR2515260A1 (fr) * | 1981-10-23 | 1983-04-29 | Nippon Clean Engine Res | Moteur a combustion interne a 2-temps et procede d'allumage-combustion applicable audit moteur |
JPS5872614A (ja) * | 1981-10-23 | 1983-04-30 | Nippon Clean Engine Res | 内燃機関の点火・燃焼方式 |
US4621593A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1986-11-11 | Ford Motor Company | Automotive dispensing apparatus for fuel additive |
JP2538908B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-15 | 1996-10-02 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 2種燃料エンジンの噴射システム |
JPH0816230B2 (ja) * | 1988-10-20 | 1996-02-21 | 日本石油株式会社 | 2サイクルエンジン油組成物 |
US5330667A (en) * | 1992-04-15 | 1994-07-19 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Two-cycle oil additive |
-
1995
- 1995-09-08 FR FR9510798A patent/FR2738594B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-07-25 JP JP9510895A patent/JPH10508925A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1996-07-25 US US08/836,130 patent/US6035815A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-07-25 CN CN96191023A patent/CN1077202C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-07-25 AT AT96927080T patent/ATE207187T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-25 WO PCT/FR1996/001173 patent/WO1997009518A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1996-07-25 DE DE69616016T patent/DE69616016T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-07-25 EP EP96927080A patent/EP0791130B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH10508925A (ja) | 1998-09-02 |
DE69616016T2 (de) | 2002-03-14 |
WO1997009518A1 (fr) | 1997-03-13 |
FR2738594B1 (fr) | 1997-10-17 |
US6035815A (en) | 2000-03-14 |
CN1164883A (zh) | 1997-11-12 |
ATE207187T1 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
EP0791130A1 (fr) | 1997-08-27 |
FR2738594A1 (fr) | 1997-03-14 |
DE69616016D1 (de) | 2001-11-22 |
CN1077202C (zh) | 2002-01-02 |
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