EP0790787B1 - Casque de protection, plastron de protection, et procede de modification du casque de protection et du plastron de protection - Google Patents

Casque de protection, plastron de protection, et procede de modification du casque de protection et du plastron de protection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0790787B1
EP0790787B1 EP95937933A EP95937933A EP0790787B1 EP 0790787 B1 EP0790787 B1 EP 0790787B1 EP 95937933 A EP95937933 A EP 95937933A EP 95937933 A EP95937933 A EP 95937933A EP 0790787 B1 EP0790787 B1 EP 0790787B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
protective
headgear
armour
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95937933A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0790787A1 (fr
Inventor
Kenneth David Dr. Phillips
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Phillips Helmets Ltd
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Phillips Helmets Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0790787A1 publication Critical patent/EP0790787A1/fr
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
    • A42B3/062—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means
    • A42B3/063—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means using layered structures
    • A42B3/064—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means using layered structures with relative movement between layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/10—Linings
    • A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/08—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions
    • A63B71/081—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions fluid-filled, e.g. air-filled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0478—Fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers in combination with plastics layers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to protective headgear, such as safety helmets for use by motor cyclists, pedal cyclists or climbers, as well as in other hazardous sports. It is also relevant in the industrial context, for example factories, on construction sites, defence and military applications or underground and may also have application in other areas where a protective form of headgear is necessary or required, which is effective in reducing or preventing head injury, while being lightweight and unencumbering to the wearer.
  • a particular feature of the present invention is its ability to mimic the characteristics of the human head, in order to provide the desired protection against injury.
  • the present invention also relates to protective armour, for instance the body armour used by riot police and the armed forces.
  • Protective armour is also known in the art and in the past one particular use of such armour has been to protect the body when playing sports.
  • US-A-3500472 there is disclosed a protecting garment having cushioning means which are inserted into pockets on the protective garment and inflated. In use, the garment is designed to restrict any relative movement between the cushioning means and the pocket means when the garment is subjected to impacts.
  • the present invention takes note of and incorporates most of the protective features of the human head, which of itself provides large energy dissipation and protection against direct and tangential forces.
  • the major features of the human head are:
  • the human skull is composed of two layers of dense, compact bone "sandwiching" a layer of spongy cancellous bone (Fig. 1). This provides a hard surface for energy dissipation and absorption whilst allowing a degree of compression or crushing of the cancellous bone with more energy absorption.
  • the cancellous bone may also allow a degree of distortion before any fracture occurs.
  • the fluid surrounding the brain acts as a further energy absorbing element, cushioning the brain in movements within the cranium. Lateral blows or impacts project the brain towards the cranium and the displacement of the incompressible cerebro-spinal fluids acts as a decelerating force.
  • the present invention provides protective headgear comprising:
  • the membrane is composed of an energy absorbing and compressive material and preferably the material is elastic.
  • the membrane is connected to the remainder of the protective headgear along a lower edge of the protective headgear and the membrane can extend to allow relative motion between the membrane and the shell.
  • the membrane comprises a high density foam material.
  • the shell comprises a carbon fibre composite material.
  • the headgear can comprise an inner layer which can incorporate a deformable cellular material such as an inner lining member of low density foam.
  • the inner lining member alternatively could comprise a further energy absorbing element in the nature of a flexible sac.
  • the flexible sac can be filled with a liquid of predetermined viscosity which can flow around the sac when the headgear suffers impact in order to damp motion of a head in the headgear relative to the hard shell.
  • the inner liner can comprise cellular material in combination with a fluid filled sac.
  • the fluid filled sac can be subdivided into a plurality of compartments or cells to control fluid displacement within the sac and preferably the compartments or cells are interconnected with flow regulating passages.
  • an intermediate layer is interposed between the hard shell and the outer layer, the intermediate layer facilitating relative movement between the shell and outer layer.
  • the intermediate layer may be incorporated integrally in the outer membrane.
  • the intermediate layer may comprise a friction reducing material or lubricant agent which facilitates the movement between the outer layer and the helmet shell.
  • the membrane preferably overlies the entire outwardly facing surfaces of the shell and is preferably impervious to moisture.
  • the headgear can additionally comprise acoustic or visual protection means and the headgear can also include ventilation means to improve comfort.
  • protective armour comprising:
  • the membrane is compressible and elastic and can absorb energy when compressed.
  • the membrane is connected to the remainder of the protective armour by elastic connection means which can extend to allow relative motion between the membrane and the first layer.
  • the membrane comprises high density foam.
  • the protective armour comprises a layer intermediate between the first layer and the membrane, the intermediate layer facilitating relative movement between the membrane and the first layer.
  • the intermediate layer comprises a lubricant material.
  • the intermediate layer has a first surface which can abut the membrane and a second surface which can abut the first surface of the first layer of material, the first and second surfaces of the intermediate layer each having a low coefficient of friction.
  • the first layer of material comprises a carbon fibre composite material.
  • the protective armour can be used as body armour.
  • the present invention provides protective headgear comprising first and second securing straps for securing the remainder of the head gear on a head of a user, where the first strap can pass under the chin of the user to act as a chin restraint and the second strap can pass around the lower part of the back of the head of the user to act as an occipital restraint.
  • the present invention further provides a method of modifying existing protective headgear wherein a membrane is attached to the remainder of the headgear to overlie at least a portion of the original outer surface of the protective headgear so as to provide a new outer surface for the protective headgear, the membrane being attached to the remainder of the headgear in such a way that when a force is applied to the outer surface of the membrane which acts to rotate the protective headgear the force can cause the membrane to move relative to the remainder of the headgear.
  • the present invention additionally provides a method of modifying existing protective armour wherein a membrane is attached to the remainder of the armour to overlie at least a portion of the original outer surface of the protective armour so as to provide a new outer surface for the protective armour, the membrane being attached to the remainder of the armour in such a way that when a force is applied to the outer surface of the membrane which acts tangential to the membrane, the force can cause the membrane to move relative to the remainder of the protective armour.
  • protective headgear in the form of a helmet which has a hard shell 10 and an outer energy absorbing compressible layer 11, resembling the scalp and reproducing its protective function.
  • This layer 11 consists of a fibrous and/or elastic material, resembling carpet tiling or plastic foam. Thick leather would also have some of the envisaged qualities but cost and weight may be determining factors in which case a synthetic material with similar properties would be used. Since the outer soft covering layer 11 could be a porous material it must be rigorously waterproofed as absorbed water would reduce its energy absorbing qualities. This could be achieved by treatment of the material or by the superimposition of a thin but durable layer or by both methods.
  • the attachment of the outer energy absorbing compressible layer 11 to the hard shell 10 is critical. It will be bonded to the hard shell 10 of the helmet around the edge of the hard shell 10, in a way chosen in dependence on the physical characteristics of the materials chosen for the headgear.
  • the layer 11 will be bonded only at the edge of the hard shell 10 in order to allow relative motion between the outer energy absorbing layer 11 and the hard shell 10 in order to mimic the protective movement of the scalp.
  • the outer layer 11 can stretch to allow relative motion.
  • a lubricant 12 between the energy absorbing layer and the shell may be beneficially used.
  • the hard shell 10 itself is a sandwiched material with hard outer layers sandwiching a deformable inner layer. Otherwise a single layer material of plastic, fibreglass or other appropriate material will be used but with hardness and deformability characteristics matched to the new construction and yielding optimum protection on standard or newly developed testing.
  • a flexible sac 13 filled with an appropriately viscous liquid will be bonded to the inner surface of the hard shell 10. Since fluid in a unicellular sac would gravitate to the brim, compartmentalisation will be necessary and to allow displacement under impact.
  • Flow control mechanisms between compartments will be included to control flow between the compartments. The flow control mechanism will not allow flow of fluid between compartments in normal use, but will allow flow of fluid between compartments when the helmet is subject to an impact (the interconnection of the compartments allows development of a uniform pressure in all of the compartments, thereby spreading an impact over a large area).
  • the fluid in the layer 13 may be a viscous or aqueous fluid and will act to damp motion of the helmet relative to the head of a user when the helmet is subject to an impact.
  • the flow control could comprise lines of weakness in walls dividing the compartments, the walls remaining intact to seal off the compartments in normal use, but the lines of weakness breaking to form apertures in the walls (and thus to allow flow of fluid) in impact conditions.
  • An alternative embodiment will be a "bubble pack" type lining, with liquid, liquid and gas combined or solely gas filling.
  • a thin polystyrene liner bonded to the inner surface of the sac could alternatively be used to maintain the shape of and thus the fluid distribution within the sac in which case compartmentalisation will not be necessarilly used.
  • FIG. 6 shows how an outer membrane 30 of closed cell plasticised Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) can be attached to a carbon fibre composite shell 31 in order to permit relative motion between the membrane 30 and the shell 31.
  • PVC polyvinyl Chloride
  • inner layers within the shell 31 e.g. a head liner are not shown.
  • the outer membrane 30 is attached to an inner surface of the shell 31 around the edge of the shell 31 via an intermediary band 60 of a compliant material.
  • An epoxy adhesive is used to bond the intermediary band 60 to the inner surface of the shell 31 around the lower edge.
  • the intermediary band 60 is adhered to the inner surface and then extends down around the lower edge and then upwardly around the exterior of the lower part of the shell 31.
  • the outer membrane 30 is adhered by an adhesive to the part of the intermediary band that overlies the outwardly facing lower edge of the shell 31.
  • the intermediary band 60 will be made of a material of greater compliance than the outer membrane 30.
  • the membrane 30 is attached to the shell 31 only via the intermediary band 60 and thus the remainder of the membrane 30 is free to move relative to the underlying shell 31. Both the membrane 30 and the intermediary band 60 can stretch on application of a force to allow relative motion between the membrane 30 and the shell 31.
  • a layer 32 of a lubricant gel is enclosed between the membrane 30 and the shell 31 and this facilitates relative movement between the membrane 30 and the shell.
  • FIG. 7 A further embodiment of helmet is illustrated in Figure 7.
  • an outer membrane 40 of polyethylene is attached to the interior of a glass fibre shell 41 via an intermediary band 61 adhered to the bottom edge of the interior of the glass fibre shell 41.
  • the membrane 40 is attached to the shell 41 only via the band 61 thus the membrane 40 is otherwise free to stretch and move relative to the shell 41.
  • the band 61 is composed of a material which is more compliant that the outer membrane 40 and also stretches to allow relative motion. The relative movement is assisted by the interposition of a PTFE layer 42 between the membrane 40 and the shell 41; the surfaces of the PTFE layer having a low coefficient of friction.
  • FIG 8. An additional embodiment of helmet is illustrated in Figure 8.
  • a membrane 50 of ethylene vinyl acetate co-polymers is attached to the interior of a glass reinforced plastic (GRP) shell 51, the membrane 50 being adhered directly to the interior bottom edge of the shell 51.
  • the inwardly facing surface of the membrane 50 is treated to reduce the coefficient of friction of the surface and the outwardly facing surface of the GRP shell is also treated to reduce the coefficient of friction of the surface. Since the membrane 50 is only attached to the shell 51 at the lower edge, the membrane 50 is free to stretch and move relative to the shell 51, assisted by the low coefficient of friction of the abutting surfaces of the membrane 50 and the shell 51.
  • the inwardly facing surface of the membrane 50 and the outwardly facing surface of the shell 51 in this embodiment can incorporate a lubricant to dispense with the need for an intermediary layer such as a lubricant gel.
  • outer membrane examples include cross-linked high density polyurethane foam and silicon foamed rubber.
  • the combination of materials for the headgear will be chosen bearing in mind that the sound insulation qualities of the combination may represent a hazard in motorcycle or cycle applications. It is always possible to provide perforations in the ear area of the headgear.
  • FIG. 3 has a fitting band 14.
  • Inlet and outlet ports will be provided with variable control of the air inlet and consideration will given to the provision of ventilation ports on the vertex in applications where there is no generated air flow.
  • the helmet In many accidents, particularly in industrial mishaps involving a fall, the helmet is flung off.
  • the retention system is therefore, a critical element of head protection.
  • On each side of the helmet there would be preferably a two point attachment, one in front of and the other behind the central transverse vertical plane.
  • Modifications of the headgear of Figure 3 are shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • One modification omits the flexible sac 13 and comprises two layers of plastic foam, in combination with a polystyrene liner, either both outside the polystyrene liner (see Figure 5 where two layers of plastic foam 19 and 20 are both outside a polystyrene liner 21) or one outside and the other inside the polystyrene liner (see Figure 4 where one layer of plastic foam 22 is inside a polystyrene liner 23 and one layer of plastic foam 24 is outside the polystyrene liner 23).
  • These foam layers can be either low density or combinations of low and higher density foams.
  • protective armour such as body armour.
  • body armour a protective armour in the form of a breast plate 100 which can be worn in front of a user secured by straps 101.
  • the breast plate 100 comprises a first layer 102 made of fibre glass (or carbon fibre, a metal or a plastic) which has a first surface 102A in use presented to receive impact blows.
  • the armour has also a compliant elastic membrane 103, for instance of closed cell plasticised Polyvinyl Chloride (or of polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate co-polymers, cross linked high density polyurethane foam or silicon foamed rubber).
  • This membrane 103 in use overlies the first surface 102A of the first layer 102.
  • the membrane 103 is more flexible than the first layer 102 and is compressible and elastic and can absorb energy when compressed.
  • the membrane 103 is connected to the first layer 102 by an intermediary band 104 of an elastic material.
  • the intermediary band 104 is adhered around the edge of a face 102B of the first member 102 (the face 102B facing in the opposite direction to the face 102A).
  • the intermediary band 104 extends around the edge of the first member 102 and overlies an edge portion of the surface 102A.
  • the intermediary band 104 is only adhered to the first member 102 on the surface 102B thereof.
  • the membrane 103 is adhered around its periphery to the intermediary band 104.
  • An intermediary layer 105 of lubricant gel is included between the membrane 103 and the first layer 102 and facilitates relative motion between them.
  • This layer is not essential and could be replaced by a solid layer of a material of a low co-efficient of friction (e.g. a layer of PTFE).
  • a lubricant could be incorporated into the inner surface of the membrane 103.
  • the protective armour is constructed in such a way that when a force is applied to the outwardly facing surface of the membrane 103 which has a component tangential to the outer surface, the force can cause the membrane 103 to move relative to the first layer 102.
  • the present invention also provides a method of modifying protective armour comprising providing "soft" outer skin to cover an existing plate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)

Claims (35)

  1. Casque de protection, comprenant :
       une coque dure (10 ; 31 ; 41 ; 51) comportant une surface donnant vers l'intérieur qui, à l'utilisation, donne sur la tête d'un utilisateur du casque et une surface donnant vers l'extérieur qui, à l'utilisation, donne loin de la tête de l'utilisateur,
       une membrane externe (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) d'une épaisseur qui n'est pas supérieure au reste du casque qui recouvre au moins une portion de la surface donnant vers l'extérieur de la coque (10 ; 31 ; 41 ; 51), dans lequel :
       la membrane externe (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) est reliée fixement au reste du casque uniquement le long d'un bord inférieur de la coque dure (10 ; 31 ; 41 ; 51) de manière que la membrane externe (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) puisse se déplacer relativement à la coque dure (10 ; 31 ; 41 ; 51) lorsqu'une force est appliquée sur une surface externe du casque qui a pour effet de faire tourner le casque et la tête de l'utilisateur, caractérisé en ce que :
       la membrane externe (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) est compressible et élastique et plus flexible que la coque dure (10 ; 31 ; 41 ; 51) et la membrane externe (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) peut se comprimer en réponse à la force appliquée sur le casque et la membrane externe (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) s'étire lorsque ladite force de rotation est appliquée sur le casque pour permettre un mouvement relatif entre la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) et la coque dure (10 ; 31 ; 41 ; 51) et peut donc imiter le cuir chevelu d'un être humain dans son mouvement protecteur.
  2. Casque de protection selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la membrane externe (30 ; 40) est reliée au reste du casque uniquement via un organe intermédiaire élastique (60 ; 61).
  3. Casque de protection selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l'organe intermédiaire élastique (60 ; 61) se déforme davantage que la membrane externe (30 ; 40).
  4. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) comprend un chlorure de polyvinyle plastifié à alvéoles fermés.
  5. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) comprend un polyéthylène.
  6. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) comprend des copolymères éthylène/acétate de vinyle.
  7. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la coque dure (10 ; 31 ; 41 ; 51) comprend un matériau composite de fibre de carbone.
  8. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant également une couche (13) de fluide incompressible située, à l'utilisation, entre la coque (10) et la tête de l'utilisateur et encapsulée dans un sac flexible (13).
  9. Casque de protection selon la revendication 8, dans lequel le sac flexible (13) contenant le fluide incompressible est compartimenté en une pluralité de compartiments et le sac flexible (13) comprend un moyen de connexion reliant chaque compartiment à au moins un autre compartiment, le moyen de connexion servant à empêcher un écoulement de fluide d'un compartiment à un autre jusqu'à ce qu'un impact sur le casque de protection excède une valeur seuil, auquel moment le moyen de connexion permet un écoulement de fluide entre les compartiments.
  10. Casque de protection selon la revendication 9, dans lequel le fluide incompressible est un fluide qui résiste à un écoulement entre les compartiments afin d'amortir le mouvement de la coque (10).
  11. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant également une couche de mousse à faible densité (19 ; 20 ; 21 ; 22 ; 23 ; 24) située, à l'utilisation, entre la coque (10) et la tête de l'utilisateur.
  12. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant une couche intermédiaire (12 ; 32 ; 42) disposée entre la coque (10 ; 31 ; 41) et la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40), la couche intermédiaire (12 ; 32 ; 42) facilitant un mouvement relatif entre la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40) et la coque (10 ; 31 ; 41).
  13. Casque de protection selon la revendication 12, dans lequel la couche intermédiaire (12 ; 32) est une couche de matériau lubrifiant.
  14. Casque de protection selon la revendication 12, dans lequel la couche intermédiaire (42) comporte une première surface qui peut buter contre la membrane (40) et une deuxième surface qui peut buter contre la coque (41) et les première et deuxième surfaces ont chacune un faible coefficient de friction.
  15. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) recouvre la totalité de la surface donnant vers l'extérieur de la coque (10 ; 31 ; 41 ; 51).
  16. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) est imperméable à l'humidité.
  17. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, comprenant également un revêtement externe résistant à l'humidité recouvrant la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50).
  18. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant également un moyen de protection acoustique.
  19. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant également un moyen d'amélioration et de protection de la vue.
  20. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant également un moyen de ventilation.
  21. Casque de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant des première et deuxième brides de fixation (17, 18) pour fixer le casque sur la tête de l'utilisateur, la première bride (17) permettant une retenue au menton et la deuxième bride (18) permettant une retenue à l'occiput.
  22. Plastron de protection comprenant :
    une première couche de matériau (102) d'une première flexibilité comportant une première surface (102A) qui, à l'utilisation, est destinée à recevoir des impacts, et
    une membrane élastique compressible (103) d'une épaisseur qui n'est pas supérieure au reste du plastron de protection qui recouvre au moins une portion de la première surface (102A) de la première couche (102) et qui est plus flexible que la première couche de matériau (102) et qui peut se déplacer relativement à la première couche de matériau (102), caractérisé en ce que :
    la membrane (103) est reliée fixement à la première couche de matériau (102) uniquement le long d'un bord de la première couche de matériau (102) de manière que lorsqu'une force est appliquée sur une surface donnant vers l'extérieur du plastron de protection qui a une composante tangentielle à la surface donnant vers l'extérieur, la membrane élastique compressible (103) s'étire pour permettre un mouvement relatif entre la membrane (103) et la première couche de matériau (102), et
    le plastron de protection comprend un moyen (105) pour faciliter le mouvement relatif entre la membrane (103) et la première surface (102A) de la première couche de matériau (102) en diminuant la résistance de friction au mouvement relatif.
  23. Plastron de protection selon la revendication 22, dans lequel la membrane (103) est reliée au reste du plastron de protection par un moyen de connexion élastique (104) qui peut s'étendre pour permettre un mouvement relatif entre la membrane (103) et la première couche (102).
  24. Plastron de protection selon la revendication 22 ou la revendication 23, dans lequel la membrane (103) comprend un chlorure de polyvinyle plastifié à alvéoles fermés.
  25. Plastron de protection selon la revendication 22 ou la revendication 23, dans lequel la membrane (103) comprend un polyéthylène.
  26. Plastron de protection selon la revendication 22 ou la revendication 23, dans lequel la membrane (103) comprend des copolymères éthylène/acétate de vinyle.
  27. Plastron de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 22 à 26, dans lequel le moyen (105) facilitant le mouvement relatif entre la membrane (103) et la première surface (102A) de la première couche de matériau (102) comprend une couche (105) intermédiaire entre la première couche (102) et la membrane (103).
  28. Plastron de protection selon la revendication 27, dans lequel la couche intermédiaire (105) comprend un matériau lubrifiant.
  29. Plastron de protection selon la revendication 27, dans lequel la couche intermédiaire (105) comporte une première surface qui peut buter contre la membrane (103) et une deuxième surface qui peut buter contre la première surface (102A) de la première couche de matériau (102), les première et deuxième surfaces de la couche intermédiaire (105) ayant chacune un faible coefficient de friction.
  30. Plastron de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 22 à 29, dans lequel la première couche de matériau (102) comprend un matériau composite de fibre de carbone.
  31. Plastron de protection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 22 à 30 pour utilisation comme plastron pour le corps humain.
  32. Procédé de modification de casque de protection existant, dans lequel une membrane élastique compressible (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) d'une épaisseur qui n'est pas supérieure au casque de protection existant est fixée au reste du casque pour recouvrir au moins une portion de la surface externe originale du casque de protection afin d'obtenir une nouvelle surface externe pour le casque de protection, la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) étant reliée fixement au reste du casque uniquement le long d'un bord inférieur du casque de manière que lorsqu'une force est appliquée sur la surface externe de la membrane qui a pour effet de faire tourner le casque de protection et la tête, la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) s'étire pour permettre un mouvement relatif entre la membrane (11 ; 30 ; 40 ; 50) et le reste du casque et donc imite le cuir chevelu d'un être humain dans son mouvement protecteur.
  33. Procédé selon la revendication 32, dans lequel la membrane (30 ; 40) est fixée au reste du casque uniquement via un organe intermédiaire élastique (60 ; 61) qui se déforme davantage que la membrane (30 ; 40).
  34. Procédé de modification de plastron de protection existant, dans lequel une membrane élastique compressible (103) d'une épaisseur qui n'est pas supérieure au plastron de protection existant est fixée au reste du plastron pour recouvrir au moins une portion de la surface externe originale du plastron de protection afin d'obtenir une nouvelle surface externe pour le plastron de protection, la membrane (103) étant reliée fixement au reste du plastron uniquement le long d'un bord du plastron de manière que lorsqu'une force est appliquée sur la surface externe de la membrane (103), qui a une composante tangentielle à la membrane (103), la membrane (103) peut s'étirer pour permettre un mouvement relatif entre la membrane (103) et le reste du plastron de protection, le procédé comprenant la phase consistant à doter le plastron d'un moyen (105) pour faciliter le mouvement relatif en diminuant la résistance de friction au mouvement relatif.
  35. Procédé selon la revendication 34, dans lequel la membrane (103) est fixée au plastron de protection original uniquement via un organe intermédiaire élastique (104) qui se déforme davantage que la membrane (103).
EP95937933A 1994-11-16 1995-11-16 Casque de protection, plastron de protection, et procede de modification du casque de protection et du plastron de protection Expired - Lifetime EP0790787B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9423113 1994-11-16
GB9423113A GB9423113D0 (en) 1994-11-16 1994-11-16 Protective headgear
PCT/GB1995/002693 WO1996014768A1 (fr) 1994-11-16 1995-11-16 Casque de protection, plastron de protection, et procede de modification du casque de protection et du plastron de protection

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0790787A1 EP0790787A1 (fr) 1997-08-27
EP0790787B1 true EP0790787B1 (fr) 2000-09-13

Family

ID=10764489

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95937933A Expired - Lifetime EP0790787B1 (fr) 1994-11-16 1995-11-16 Casque de protection, plastron de protection, et procede de modification du casque de protection et du plastron de protection

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0790787B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3875695A (fr)
DE (1) DE69518853T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0790787T3 (fr)
GB (1) GB9423113D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996014768A1 (fr)

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EP2428129A2 (fr) 2010-09-09 2012-03-14 Oliver Schimpf Casque de protection; procédé de réduction ou de prévention d'une blessure à la tête
DE102012022542A1 (de) 2011-12-19 2013-06-20 Oliver Schimpf Schutzhelm; Verfahren zur Verminderung oder Verhinderung einer Kopfverletzung
US8732868B2 (en) * 2004-11-22 2014-05-27 Frampton E. Ellis Helmet and/or a helmet liner with at least one internal flexibility sipe with an attachment to control and absorb the impact of torsional or shear forces
US11039653B2 (en) 2017-01-31 2021-06-22 Impact Solution LLC Football helmet
US11297890B2 (en) 2016-03-27 2022-04-12 Impact Solutions Llc Football helmet
IT202100016103A1 (it) 2021-06-21 2022-12-21 Alpinestars Res Spa Indumento protettivo per le articolazioni del corpo umano

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ATE271325T1 (de) * 1999-12-21 2004-08-15 Neuroprevention Scandinavia Ab Schutzhelm
JP3765377B2 (ja) * 2000-04-04 2006-04-12 本田技研工業株式会社 ヘルメット
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GB0116738D0 (en) * 2001-07-09 2001-08-29 Phillips Helmets Ltd Protective headgear and protective armour and a method of modifying protective headgear and protective armour
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US7774866B2 (en) 2006-02-16 2010-08-17 Xenith, Llc Impact energy management method and system
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ES2791752T3 (es) * 2011-06-30 2020-11-05 Univ Fraser Simon Mecanismo de desviación de impacto
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WO2020115063A1 (fr) 2018-12-04 2020-06-11 Mips Ab Casque
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US8732868B2 (en) * 2004-11-22 2014-05-27 Frampton E. Ellis Helmet and/or a helmet liner with at least one internal flexibility sipe with an attachment to control and absorb the impact of torsional or shear forces
US10021938B2 (en) 2004-11-22 2018-07-17 Frampton E. Ellis Furniture with internal flexibility sipes, including chairs and beds
EP2428129A2 (fr) 2010-09-09 2012-03-14 Oliver Schimpf Casque de protection; procédé de réduction ou de prévention d'une blessure à la tête
DE102011112790A1 (de) 2010-09-09 2012-03-15 Oliver Schimpf Schutzhelm; Verfahren zur Verminderung oder Verhinderung einer Kopfverletzung
WO2012037927A1 (fr) 2010-09-09 2012-03-29 Oliver Schimpf Casque de protection; procédé pour réduire ou empêcher une blessure à la tête
DE102012022542A1 (de) 2011-12-19 2013-06-20 Oliver Schimpf Schutzhelm; Verfahren zur Verminderung oder Verhinderung einer Kopfverletzung
US11297890B2 (en) 2016-03-27 2022-04-12 Impact Solutions Llc Football helmet
US11039653B2 (en) 2017-01-31 2021-06-22 Impact Solution LLC Football helmet
IT202100016103A1 (it) 2021-06-21 2022-12-21 Alpinestars Res Spa Indumento protettivo per le articolazioni del corpo umano
WO2022269450A1 (fr) 2021-06-21 2022-12-29 Alpinestars Research S.p.A. Vêtement de protection pour articulations du corps humain

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3875695A (en) 1996-06-06
GB9423113D0 (en) 1995-01-04
DK0790787T3 (da) 2001-04-30
WO1996014768A1 (fr) 1996-05-23
EP0790787A1 (fr) 1997-08-27
DE69518853D1 (de) 2000-10-19
DE69518853T2 (de) 2001-03-22

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