EP0789116B1 - Shuttering element - Google Patents

Abstract

The sacrificial shuttering element (1) is used in concrete construction, and has covering bars (2) which are roughly parallel to one another. Retaining equipment (3) is used to hold the bars at a distance (a) from one another which retains the concrete, and which is matched to the quality of the latter. The distance between the bars may be up to 30 mm, and preferably may be from 6 to 8 mm. The diameter (d) of the bars may be up to 12 mm, and preferably may be from 3 to 5 mm. The bars may be made from metal, and the retaining equipment may be in the form of at least one bar which is roughly perpendicular to the covering bars.

Description

The invention relates to a formwork element for lost formwork in concrete construction explained in the preamble of claim 1 Art.

Such a formwork is from the DE-U-90 05 482 known. The known formwork element consists of a holding device and a wall education for retaining the liquid concrete. The wall formation consists of a dimensionally stable material, such as an impermeable wafer or scale plate or a concrete permeable expanded metal sheet. The holding device consists of a plurality at a greater distance parallel juxtaposed, bendable support rods to which the sheet or the expanded metal sheet is attached. The known formwork element thus consists of a holding device and a completely prefabricated wall, which would be able to retain the cast-in, liquid concrete even without the holding device. However, the production of this circuit element is relatively expensive, since the handling and storage of relatively large metal sheets or rolls is cumbersome.

The FR-A-567 031 describes a kind plaster carrier, which is to be used for the manufacture of walls in timber frame construction. The plaster base consists of a plurality of wooden slats, which are held by means of wires at a predetermined distance from each other. These plaster beams are fixed on the wooden stands and thrown with plaster, which anchors between the slats.

The FR-A-2 388 944 describes a reinforcing and formwork element composed of two lattices, a close-meshed lattice and a coarse mesh lattice. The close-meshed grid is prefabricated wire mesh, while the coarse mesh grid consists of individual longitudinal and transverse bars, which are applied on both sides of the close-meshed grid. The meshes of the close-meshed grid have a concrete holding size. However, wire mesh is mechanically very unstable, so that the entire mechanical forces must be absorbed by the cast concrete from the large grid, which is expressed in the relatively small mesh size of 10 cm (claim 4). In addition, here again, the problem of handling the wire mesh rollers in the production of the formwork element.

The CH-A-191 780 describes a component with formwork function, which consists of an insulating building board to which by means of brackets at a distance and parallel a wire or expanded metal mesh is attached. Again, the concrete-containing wall training is formed by a prefabricated element that needs to be stiffened by the bracket.

The FR-A-2 625 525 describes a method for manufacturing a swimming pool in which the pelvic walls are to be potted together with the pelvic floor. For this purpose, first a wall boundary is established by a fine-mesh grid and then covered this wall boundary with a coarse-mesh grid, which also forms the bottom boundary. This document thus shows no formwork element, ie no prefabricated in the desired shape and with the desired components formwork part. In addition, only materials in roll or plate form are used again.

Another formwork element is from the DE-C 41 11 062 known. The known formwork element consists of an expanded metal sheet, which is welded between the transverse and longitudinal bars of a metal grid. The known formwork element can be used in this form as a lost formwork panel. However, the formwork element can also be fixed to a self-supporting scaffold to a spatially shaped, prefabricated formwork element, such as a gutter formwork of the type DE-U 90 05 482 or an upstand after the DE-U 92 06 140 , get connected. Although the known formwork element is very well usable for the intended purpose, but requires a higher workload and is therefore relatively expensive.

The invention has for its object to provide an inexpensive and easy to produce, fully functional formwork element and to show a method for its preparation.

The object is achieved by the formwork element according to claim 1.

The inventive design of the concrete-containing wall formation of the formwork element by a plurality of substantially parallel Abdeckstäben an easily producible and cost-effective formwork element is created. It has been found that the Abdeckstäbe are quite capable of a matched to the concrete quality distance from each other provided to keep the concrete safely within the formwork, on the other hand, however, to allow a certain outsourcing, so even with these parallel Abdeckstäben a rough pad can be created, at which the subsequently produced, second concrete section can dig well. As a result, however, the cover rods are embedded in the concrete, which contributes to an additional reinforcement and thus to increase the strength.

For most concrete qualities, the preferred distance between the cover bars according to claim 2 is between 6 and 8 mm. For special purposes or for particularly thin-bodied or particularly tough concrete qualities, however, the distance can also be reduced to zero or increased to 30 mm.

According to claim 3, the preferred diameter of the Abdeckstäbe is 3 to 5 mm. However, if an additional, particularly effective reinforcement is to be achieved, its diameter can rise to 12 mm.

Due to the embodiment according to claim 4, the production of the formwork element according to the invention is further facilitated.

Conveniently, a plurality of parallel support rods for holding the cover rods are provided according to claim 5. According to claim 7, the distance of the support rods on constructive conditions, in particular the diameter of the cover rods and the expected concrete pressure to which the cover rods are exposed, be sized. A distance between 10 and 25 cm, preferably 20 cm, will be sufficient for most applications.

Also, the support rods can be used for additional reinforcement and for this purpose according to claim 7 a diameter up to 12 mm, i. the diameter of the usual reinforcing bars, have.

The formwork element according to the invention may also be formed according to claim 8 as a formwork element with self-supporting framework, wherein the cover bars are supported directly by one of the scaffold bars, which further simplifies the production.

In the embodiment according to claim 9, the cover rods form part of the supporting framework, so that the production is further simplified.

Finally, other parts of the formwork element, such as the holder described in claim 10 for a joint tape or a water barrier made of sheet metal can be integrated into the framework.

Claim 11 describes a particularly preferred method for producing the formwork element according to the invention, for which the expediently already in the DE-PS 41 11 062 described device can be used. By the described feed direction of the individual bars, the holding bars of the spot welding stations, which are at a constant distance from each other, can be fed and the covering bars placed on the holding bars just before the spot welding station at the predetermined distance and immediately welded to the holding bars.

Particularly simple and inexpensive, the production of the formwork elements according to the invention, when the support rods according to Claim 12 from a continuous supply, such as a roll supplied and cut only after the connection with the Abdeckstäben in the desired size of the formwork element.

Claim 13 describes a particularly preferred, because simple and inexpensive method to produce formwork elements with a self-supporting framework and Schalungswandungen, since a flat material can be made much easier.

Fig. 1

eine Draufsicht auf ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalungselementes,

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalungselementes, und

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung der zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens verwendete Vorrichtung.

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a top view of a first embodiment of a formwork element according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of a second embodiment of a formwork element according to the invention, and

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of the apparatus used for carrying out the method according to the invention.

1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a formwork element 1 according to the invention in the form of a flat formwork strip or a formwork panel, which is shown only partially. The formwork element 1 has a plurality of closely adjacent and parallel aligned Abdeckstäbe 2 with a round cross section, which are connected by a holding device in the form of perpendicular to the Abdeckstäben 2 extending holding rods 3 and held at a predetermined distance a to each other. The support rods 3 have a round cross section.

The distance a between the Abdeckstäben 2 is tuned to the abgeschalen to the formwork element 1 concrete quality and can be at particularly thin liquid concrete qualities at 0 mm and particularly tough, thick concrete qualities at 12 mm. For most of the usual concrete qualities, however, the distance a is between 6 and 8 mm. The cover bars 2 have a diameter d, which was selected according to the desired strength and flexural rigidity for the cover bars 2 and the concrete part and can be up to 12 mm. Usually, the diameter d is between 3 and 5 mm.

The support rods 3 have a diameter D, which can be up to 12 mm. The support rods 3 are arranged at a distance A on the same side of the cover rods 2, which expediently corresponds to the distance between the reinforcing bars of a grid mat and between 10 and 25 cm, preferably 20 cm. The support rods 3, as shown in Fig. 1, slightly projecting beyond the outer cover rods, but can also be aligned with them.

Both the cover bars 2 and the support rods 3 are made of the usual structural steel and are spot welded together at their crossing points. You can have a profiled outer surface, as is common with rebars.

The sheet-like shuttering element 1 can be used like any other sheet formwork, i. It can be set up in the usual way or attached to a support frame.

Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a formwork element 10 according to the invention, which is designed as a form of formwork element for producing a raised edge. The formwork element 10 has the cover rods 2 already described with reference to FIG. 1, whose diameter and distance from each other with those of FIG. 1 are identical.

When holding the formwork element 10 serve U-shaped bracket 13, whose legs are designed as holding rods and are held by the cover rods 2 in an upright position and at their predetermined distance from each other. Cover rods 2 and U-shaped brackets 13 are thus part of a framework 14, which determines the shape of the formwork element 10. The shape of the framework can be stabilized by anchor rods and spacers (not shown) that extend across the cross section. Furthermore, the frame of the formwork element 10 includes a holder 15, in which one of the usual, not shown joint tapes made of elastic material can be inserted. The holder 15 consists of V-shaped brackets 16, wherein in each case a V-shaped bracket 16 is arranged with its vertex in the middle of the U-shaped bracket 13 between the Abdeckstäben 2. The bracket 15 additionally has connecting rods 17, which in particular connect the free ends of the V-shaped bracket 16 with each other and hold at a distance to each other, but can also be arranged between the vertices of the V-shaped bracket and its free ends. All bars of the framework 14 for the formwork element 10 have a round cross-section and. Consist of structural steel.

In Fig. 3, a device 20 for producing the shuttering element 1, 10 can be seen schematically. The device 20 includes a feed table 21 on which in the illustrated embodiment are already cut to the desired length rods 3, 13, which form the holding device. However, the support rods can also be withdrawn from a rack and fed continuously. Perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in Fig. 3, the support rods 3, 13 their predetermined distance D to each other and are arranged in parallel. The guide table 21 has for each of the support rods 3, 13 a feed finger 22 which engages the trailing end of each support rod 3, 13 such that the support rods 3, 13 together feed controlled in the direction of its longitudinal extension and in the direction of arrow A to a spot welding station 23 are moved.

The spot welding station 23 has as essential features two electrodes 24 and one above the incoming support rods 3, 13 arranged, preferably magnetic stop 25 for the Abdeckstäbe 2, which are supplied from a above the spot welding station 23 arranged feeder 26. The feed device 26 has a rotatable in the direction of arrow B drum 27, in the periphery of receiving grooves 28 are provided, each of which can accommodate only a single cover rod 2. The cover rods 2 lie on a ramp 29 and are guided by this to the drum 27. A cover rail 30 ensures that the cover rods 2 remain in their grooves 28 until they are directly above the spot welding station 23. At this point, the cover rail 30 is interrupted by a feed gap 31 through which the cover rods 2 can each fall individually into their predetermined position on the support rods 3, 13. After the fixed welding, the feed fingers 22 continue to move, so that the following Abdeckstab 2 fall on the support rods 3, 13 and can be welded there.

The feed rate A of the feed finger 22 and the rotational speed B of the drum 27 are controlled and matched so that for the production of the formwork element 1, the cover bars 2 intermittently and with such a time interval on the support rods 3 that the predetermined spatial distance a is achieved , The resulting sheet is removed and optionally further processed by cutting and / or bending.

In the production of the formwork element 1 cover rods 2 are welded over the entire length of the support rods 3 and the resulting sheet material optionally subsequently cut into the desired dimensions. For this purpose, a cutting device can connect to the spot welding station, which cuts the flat material at predetermined locations in dependence on the control of the feed (number of cycles and time).

The production of the formwork element 10 is preferably carried out in two steps, wherein in one step, the U-shaped bracket forming support rods 13 are welded to the Abdeckstäben 2, which is ensured by a convenient control that the cover rods 2 only on the legs of the U- shaped bracket 13 are provided where they later form a shuttering wall, and the bridge of the U-shaped bracket remains free. In a further step, the holder 15 is produced in the same device 20, wherein the V-shaped bracket 17 forming rods analogous to the support rods 3, and the cross-connecting rods 17 are analogously supplied to the cover rods 2. Subsequently, the two parts of the framework as shown in Fig. 2, U- or V-shaped bent and welded together.

In a modification of the described and illustrated embodiment, the formwork element according to the invention can also be produced in other forms, e.g. as gutter formwork without joint tape holder. The joint tape holder can be further prepared by means of U-shaped brackets instead of the V-shaped bracket shown in Fig. 2. Also, instead of rods with round cross-section strip or strip-shaped rods can be used. If the electrodes of the spot welding device can be moved perpendicularly to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 3, then it is also possible with a sophisticated control to first produce the formwork element according to FIG. 2 in a single operation as flat material and then to bend it up accordingly.

Claims (13)

1. Shuttering element (1, 10) for permanent shutterings in concrete construction, having a metal holding device (3, 13), to which a concrete-holding metal wall structure is fastened, characterised in that the wall structure is formed by a multiplicity of substantially parallel metal covering bars (2), which are fastened to the metal holding device (3, 13) and are kept by the holding device (3, 13) at a concrete-holding spacing (a) from one another matched to the concrete quality.
2. Shuttering element according to Claim 1, characterised in that the spacing (a) between the covering bars (2) is up to 30 mm, preferably 6 to 8 mm.
3. Shuttering element according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the covering bars (2) have a diameter (d) of up to 12 mm, preferably 3 to 5 mm.
4. Shuttering element according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the holding device has at least one holding bar (3, 13) extending substantially transversely with respect to the covering bars (2).
5. Shuttering element according to Claim 4, characterised in that a multiplicity of holding bars (3, 13) arranged parallel to and at a spacing (A) from one another are provided.
6. Shuttering element according to Claim 5, characterised in that the spacing (A) between the holding bars (3, 13) is approximately 10 to 25 cm, preferably 20 cm.
7. Shuttering element according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the holding bar (3, 13) has a diameter (D) of up to 12 mm.
8. Shuttering element according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the holding device is formed by at least one framework bar, designed as a holding bar (13), of a shuttering element (10) having a self-supporting framework (14), and the covering bars (2) form a shuttering wall provided only regionally on the shuttering element (10).
9. Shuttering element according to Claim 8, characterised in that the framework (14) has a plurality of holding bars (13) which are bent in a U-shape and are kept at a spacing from one another by the covering bars (2) fastened to their legs.
10. Shuttering element according to Claim 8 or 9, characterised in that the framework (14) has substantially V-shaped brackets (16) which, for the purpose of forming a holder (15) for a joint sealing strip, are fastened to the holding bars (13) bent in a U-shape.
11. Method for producing a shuttering element according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that metal holding bars (3, 13) of the holding device are supplied, parallel to and at a spacing from one another in the direction (A) of their longitudinal extent, to a spot-welding station (23), and in that the metal covering bars are supplied, transversely with respect to their longitudinal extent, to the spot-welding station (23) and are welded at a spacing (a) to the holding bars (3, 13).
12. Method according to Claim 11, characterised in that the holding bars (3, 13) supplied in the direction of their longitudinal extent are only cut to size after the welding.
13. Method according to Claim 11 or 12, characterised in that, for the purpose of producing a shuttering element (10) having a self-supporting framework (14), at least some bars (2, 13) forming the shuttering element (10) are firstly welded to form a flat material, optionally cut and subsequently bent into the shape of the framework (14).

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