EP0787947A2 - Brûleur à faible émission de NOx avec caractéristique de fonctionnement amélioré - Google Patents

Brûleur à faible émission de NOx avec caractéristique de fonctionnement amélioré Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0787947A2
EP0787947A2 EP97101355A EP97101355A EP0787947A2 EP 0787947 A2 EP0787947 A2 EP 0787947A2 EP 97101355 A EP97101355 A EP 97101355A EP 97101355 A EP97101355 A EP 97101355A EP 0787947 A2 EP0787947 A2 EP 0787947A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
secondary gas
gas
burner
lance
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97101355A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0787947A3 (fr
EP0787947B1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Dr. Kanne
Jürgen Dr. Heners
Rolf Dr. Becker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
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Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=7784166&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0787947(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP0787947A2 publication Critical patent/EP0787947A2/fr
Publication of EP0787947A3 publication Critical patent/EP0787947A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0787947B1 publication Critical patent/EP0787947B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
    • F23C2201/20—Burner staging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
    • F23C2201/30—Staged fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00011—Burner with means for propagating the flames along a wall surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner arrangement comprising a burner head, a primary gas supply and a secondary gas supply which opens into at least one secondary lance, and a method for operating this burner arrangement.
  • NOx as a collective term should be understood to mean the (gaseous) oxides of nitrogen, especially NO and NO 2 .
  • US-A-5 275 552 describes a gas burner device and methods for burning gas-air mixtures. In particular, the mixing of heating oil and air in a mixing zone is described.
  • US-A-5 271 729 describes a burner with low NOx formation, in which two different mixtures are introduced into a combustion chamber at different positions.
  • GB-A-2 224 823 describes a burner device in which the gas to be burned is fed to a burner head in separate ways.
  • the gas to be burned is mixed with air in a Venturi nozzle and fed to the burner head.
  • Gas to be burned is fed directly to the burner head via a second branch.
  • such heating burners are installed in a combustion chamber.
  • 150 burners can be installed in a 12 m long, 8 m high and 2 m wide chamber.
  • the wall temperature of the combustion chamber rises to 1200 to 1300 ° C depending on the process used.
  • the lances of the known burner types end in the hot chamber, where coking at the burner head and especially at the end of the additional gas lances, at which no oxygen is available for combustion, lead to a disruptive disruption of the operating behavior.
  • the high temperature which causes the gas mixture to decompose and soot to form, mainly results from the radiation from the furnace chamber fired with side wall burners. Repeated, complex cleaning of the blocked gas lances and the burner head is essential. The phenomenon occurs increasingly when burning heavier heating gas (content of C 2+ hydrocarbons> 1% by volume).
  • a burner arrangement comprising a) a burner head, b) a primary gas supply for supplying primary gas to the burner head, and c) a secondary gas supply which opens into at least one secondary gas lance, the secondary gas supply and secondary gas lance being designed and arranged in such a way that secondary gas is also present Speed of sound can emerge from the at least one secondary gas lance.
  • the secondary gas lance can extend up to close to the burner head. Since the secondary gas can now exit the lance at the speed of sound, i.e. the supercritical expansion of the secondary gas at the end of the secondary gas lance reduces the dwell time in which the secondary gas could decompose at the end of the lance. In this way, the residence time of the heating gas in the secondary gas lance is reduced, as a result of which the temperature at the hot tip of the lance can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, the lance is additionally cooled by the high throughput of gas, which is cold compared to the combustion chamber. The tendency towards coke formation is completely avoided by the burner arrangement according to the invention.
  • a burner arrangement in which an orifice for establishing a secondary gas flow is provided on the secondary gas lance.
  • the speed and the mixing ratio of primary and secondary heating gas can be set through this orifice.
  • the orifice plate is also an easy way to ensure, in combination with the pressure, that the secondary heating gas on the orifice plate is relaxed.
  • the diaphragm is particularly preferably provided at the end of the secondary gas lance. In this way, the supercritical expansion of the secondary gas will take place as close as possible to the burner head, so that the outflow speed of the gas at the end of the lance near the burner head is at a maximum is.
  • the mixing ratio between the secondary gas supply and the primary gas supply is also regulated by the orifice.
  • the heating gas is divided into 20 parts for the secondary gas supply and 80 parts for the primary gas supply.
  • the 80 parts of heating gas are mixed with air more than stoichiometry and fed directly to the burner head.
  • the 20 parts of heating gas in the secondary gas supply are preferably fed unmixed into the combustion chamber via the secondary gas lance.
  • the orifice can consist, for example, of a bore of 1.7 mm, and the secondary gas lance can have an inner diameter of 4 mm.
  • a burner arrangement in which the vector of the main outflow direction of the secondary gas flow has an angle of more than 30 °, preferably 45 °, with the vector of the longitudinal axis of the burner in the direction of the main flow direction of the primary gas.
  • the flow direction of the supercritically relaxing secondary gas can be set.
  • the secondary gas is preferably pure heating gas, it is advantageous not to introduce it directly to the assigned burner head or its main flame, but rather to lead the gas directly into the combustion chamber.
  • the angle the secondary gas can thus be guided past the main flame of the burner head of the individual burners, ie the angle is chosen so that the secondary gas is conducted away from the burner head.
  • the combustion of the secondary heating gas can take place essentially in the combustion chamber and not directly in the flame area primarily generated on the burner head. This means that a temperature spike is avoided and the formation of NOx can be reduced even further.
  • a burner arrangement in which only one secondary gas lance is provided per burner head.
  • a special blow-out direction for the secondary gas can be provided for each individual burner. In this way, a specific combustion behavior can be set by setting up the individual burners in a furnace chamber. The pressure at the individual lance also prevents further lances from clogging the same secondary gas supply. or clog.
  • Another solution to the problem is a method for the combustion of primary gas and secondary gas in the burner arrangement according to the invention, in which the secondary gas is introduced at the speed of sound from the secondary gas lance into a combustion chamber surrounding the burner head.
  • the advantages of low coking and the low formation of NOx can be achieved by this process.
  • the high speed of the secondary gas flow achieves two things: first, the secondary gas is quickly passed through the hot section, in which the gas could easily decompose, and secondly, the high throughput of gas means that the secondary gas supply, preferably the secondary gas lance, is cooled to prevent decomposition.
  • a heating gas in particular a methane-rich gas fraction with a methane content of more than 90% by volume, is used as the primary gas and / or secondary gas. It is particularly preferred to use the same source for both the primary gas and the secondary gas mixture.
  • the pressure in the secondary gas can also be used for the primary gas supply. A pressure of less than 10 bar, in particular 4 bar, in the primary gas supply and the secondary gas supply is particularly preferred used.
  • An ethylene-rich gas fraction can also be used in the firing phase.
  • the methane-rich gas fraction can be obtained, for example, from the raw gas of naphtha splitting.
  • the secondary gas is introduced into the combustion chamber at an angle between the vector of the main outflow direction of the secondary gas flow and the vector of the longitudinal axis of the burner of more than 30 °, preferably 45 °, away from the longitudinal axis of the burner.
  • This "passing" of the secondary gas flow past the burner head prevents the secondary gas from being passed directly into the hot flame of the burner head and could decompose there.
  • the choice of the angle can thus ensure that the secondary gas flow enters the combustion chamber and is ignited only there.
  • the burner arrangement has a burner head 1 which is mounted in the lining 10 of an oven chamber. Via a primary gas supply 6, heating gas is fed into a mixing chamber 11, into which combustion air is also sucked in via a combustion air inlet 9, which is designed as a silencer 12. The amount of combustion air drawn in can be adjusted by the air flap 7.
  • a venturi nozzle 4 is located between the mixing chamber 11 and the burner head 1.
  • a secondary gas supply 5 is also provided, which extends through the lining 10 and on End has a gas lance 3 with an aperture 2. The outlet of the diaphragm 2 is set so that outflowing gas from the secondary gas supply forms an angle 8 of approximately 45 ° with the longitudinal axis of the burner head 1.
  • primary gas is fed into the mixing chamber 11 via the primary gas supply 6.
  • the air flap 7 By means of the air flap 7, the mixing ratio with the air sucked in via the combustion air inlet 9 is set.
  • This mixture of primary gas and combustion air is fed via the Venturi nozzle 4 to the burner head 1, where it emerges.
  • pure heating gas is preferably blown into the combustion chamber via the secondary gas supply.
  • the choice of the gas orifice 2 ensures that the secondary gas flowing in at the speed of sound leaves the secondary gas lance 3 and is introduced into the combustion chamber past the burner head.
  • the secondary gas does not burn at the end of the secondary gas lance, but ignites only in the flame area of the burner head or behind it. In this way, not only is the temperature at the tip of the secondary gas lance reduced, but it is also avoided that the secondary gas decomposes between the burner head and the lining and soot is formed in this way.
  • the secondary gas supply 5 can be separated from the primary gas supply 6, so that different types of heating gas can also be fed into the combustion chamber via the primary gas supply and the secondary gas supply.
  • the primary gas supply 6 and the secondary gas supply 5 are preferably fed from the same source, and the distribution of primary gas to secondary gas is set by the gas orifice.
  • the mixing ratios between primary gas and combustion air are adjusted depending on the gas pressure by the air flap 7.
  • a burner is provided in which coking at the burner head and especially at the end of the additional gas lances, on which no oxygen is available for combustion, is avoided.
  • a method was also specified in which, despite the high temperatures, the tendency of the gas mixture to decompose and thus to build up soot can be avoided, primarily due to the radiation from the furnace chamber fired with side wall burners. Repeated, complex cleaning of the blocked gas lances and the burner head is therefore no longer necessary.
  • coking could also be avoided when burning specifically heavy heating gas.
  • a burner was made available which uses the resources required for combustion more effectively and therefore more economically and which, thanks to the reduced formation of NOx from 80 to 75 mg / Nm 3 flue gas with full combustion output, enables environmentally friendly firing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
EP97101355A 1996-01-31 1997-01-29 Brûleur à faible émission de NOx avec caractéristique de fonctionnement améliorée Revoked EP0787947B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19603482 1996-01-31
DE19603482A DE19603482A1 (de) 1996-01-31 1996-01-31 Low-NOx-Brenner mit verbessertem Betriebsverhalten

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0787947A2 true EP0787947A2 (fr) 1997-08-06
EP0787947A3 EP0787947A3 (fr) 1998-12-23
EP0787947B1 EP0787947B1 (fr) 2001-03-28

Family

ID=7784166

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97101355A Revoked EP0787947B1 (fr) 1996-01-31 1997-01-29 Brûleur à faible émission de NOx avec caractéristique de fonctionnement améliorée

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0787947B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE200148T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19603482A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002021044A1 (fr) * 2000-09-07 2002-03-14 John Zink Company, L.L.C. Bruleur a paroi radiante a haute capacite/faible emission de no¿x?
WO2007088458A1 (fr) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-09 Tenova S.P.A. Brûleur de voûte plat à flammes produisant peu d'émissions polluantes

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004006091B4 (de) * 2004-02-07 2006-01-05 Schott Ag Gasbeheiztes Wärmegerät

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2224823A (en) 1988-10-20 1990-05-16 Airoil Flaregas Ltd Burner assemblies
US5271729A (en) 1991-11-21 1993-12-21 Selas Corporation Of America Inspirated staged combustion burner
US5275552A (en) 1992-03-27 1994-01-04 John Zink Company, A Division Of Koch Engineering Co. Inc. Low NOx gas burner apparatus and methods

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2339136A1 (fr) * 1976-01-23 1977-08-19 Exxon France Procede perfectionne de combustion s'effectuant dans un courant gazeux circulant dans une tuyere et sa mise en oeuvre.
US5709541A (en) * 1995-06-26 1998-01-20 Selas Corporation Of America Method and apparatus for reducing NOx emissions in a gas burner

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2224823A (en) 1988-10-20 1990-05-16 Airoil Flaregas Ltd Burner assemblies
US5271729A (en) 1991-11-21 1993-12-21 Selas Corporation Of America Inspirated staged combustion burner
US5275552A (en) 1992-03-27 1994-01-04 John Zink Company, A Division Of Koch Engineering Co. Inc. Low NOx gas burner apparatus and methods

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002021044A1 (fr) * 2000-09-07 2002-03-14 John Zink Company, L.L.C. Bruleur a paroi radiante a haute capacite/faible emission de no¿x?
US6796790B2 (en) 2000-09-07 2004-09-28 John Zink Company Llc High capacity/low NOx radiant wall burner
WO2007088458A1 (fr) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-09 Tenova S.P.A. Brûleur de voûte plat à flammes produisant peu d'émissions polluantes
US8480394B2 (en) 2006-01-31 2013-07-09 Tenova S.P.A. Flat-flame vault burner with low polluting emissions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE200148T1 (de) 2001-04-15
EP0787947A3 (fr) 1998-12-23
DE59703209D1 (de) 2001-05-03
EP0787947B1 (fr) 2001-03-28
DE19603482A1 (de) 1997-08-07

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