EP0785874A1 - Strukturanordnung, insbesondere für ein sicherheitselement - Google Patents
Strukturanordnung, insbesondere für ein sicherheitselementInfo
- Publication number
- EP0785874A1 EP0785874A1 EP95930375A EP95930375A EP0785874A1 EP 0785874 A1 EP0785874 A1 EP 0785874A1 EP 95930375 A EP95930375 A EP 95930375A EP 95930375 A EP95930375 A EP 95930375A EP 0785874 A1 EP0785874 A1 EP 0785874A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- areas
- structural arrangement
- relief structure
- arrangement according
- relief
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/324—Reliefs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
-
- B42D2033/18—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a structural arrangement consisting of a plurality of surface areas having a diffraction-optical relief structure, in particular for visually identifiable, optical security elements for value documents, e.g. Banknotes, credit cards, ID cards or check documents, or other items to be secured.
- value documents e.g. Banknotes, credit cards, ID cards or check documents, or other items to be secured.
- Such a structure arrangement is realized by a straight wave structure provided on the surface of a surface area of a carrier element, on which incident ambient light is reflected with diffraction and / or refraction.
- the term wave structure is not necessarily understood to mean a structure with a surface line that is continuous, in particular sinusoidal, in cross-section of the surface area, but can also be rectangular, step-shaped or wedge-shaped surface structures.
- the diffraction of light incident or passing through the structure arrangement on the relief structures of the Area areas and thus the information emitted from there in the form of an optical diffraction pattern are determined by the number of wavy or grating lines per unit length of an area area, the so-called spatial frequency, and by the orientation and cross-sectional shape of the relief structure, which among other things by the height differences is determined in the relief structure, both by the height differences between the individual elevations with one another and between elevations and depressions or valleys of the relief structure.
- the relief structures of the surface areas can be designed and the surface areas can be arranged in such a way that certain information can be emitted in a certain viewing angle area and perceived by a viewer, whereas different information can be perceived in another viewing angle area.
- a viewer In the form of the reflected light or light passing through the structure, a viewer can be provided with visually perceptible information that corresponds to the relief structures of the surface areas and is dependent on the illumination or viewing angle, in particular, authenticity information of the secured object.
- the information originating from the surface area considered first changes - in particular this surface area may appear dark - while another surface area which initially appeared dark, optical information, for example in the form of a color impression. It is thus possible, by means of a suitable configuration of a relief structure that is periodic at least in sections, almost all of the radiation power that strikes a surface area from one direction of illumination into the first and minus the first
- Deflect diffraction order so that optical information originating from this surface area can only be perceived within two narrowly limited viewing angle ranges - the first and minus the first diffraction order is, while the area appears dark in other viewing directions.
- Structural arrangements with surface areas each with a certain relief structure which can be resolved separately with the unarmed eye, can also have a disadvantageous effect in that the size of their diffraction orders, i.e. the viewing angle range belonging to a diffraction order is very small, that is, certain information is only visible within a very small viewing angle range. This can be undesirable in individual cases.
- EP 0 330 738 B1 it has been proposed to reduce the size of the surface areas to one largest dimension of less than 0.3 mm.
- EP 0 375 833 B1 can also refer to the reference to provide grid fields in the structure arrangement which have a largest dimension of less than 0.3 mm and comprise several field portions each with a different lattice structure. With structural arrangements designed in this way, a larger surface section can transmit various visually perceptible information in a very homogeneous manner depending on the viewing angle; For this, however, it is necessary to provide different relief structures within the smallest area.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a structure arrangement of the type described above, which meets the requirements mentioned above, without having to provide relief structures within a surface area with a size dimension of less than 0.3 mm from each other.
- this object is achieved in that surface areas are provided which have at least two partial areas with an identical relief structure which is offset from one another by a fraction of the grating period.
- the relief structures correspond in the parameters cited at the outset - spatial frequency, cross-sectional shape and orientation of the relief structure, height differences in the relief structure.
- the relocation of the relief structures can be achieved by shifting the relief structures in the plane of the surface area or the partial areas.
- the relief structure of the partial areas to be offset from one another perpendicular to the plane of a surface area under consideration are, the surfaces of the partial areas are therefore provided at different "heights". Because the relief structure of one partial area is offset from the identical relief structure of another partial area, the brightness perceptible to an observer is one
- the relief structure of another sub-area can thus be used to adjust the brightness of a surface area. It is therefore possible to vary the brightness within a surface area that can be resolved with the unarmed eye using only a single relief structure characterized by the parameters mentioned at the outset, namely by dividing this surface area into partial areas with the same, but offset, relief structure. In the case of known structure arrangements, this was only possible by providing various relief structures within a surface area which are used to generate a homogeneous image impression have the largest dimensions of less than 0.3 mm, for example.
- phase position can be most easily defined using the example of a linearly extended relief structure.
- Such relief structures have the same phase position in the sense described above if their linearly extended elevations are aligned with one another. They have different phases if the elevations are offset in parallel by a fraction of the grating period.
- partial areas belonging to a group are alternately arranged with partial areas belonging to another group.
- the diffraction orders of the (non-offset) relief structure are split.
- the structure arrangement thus functions as a beam splitter overlaying the (non-offset) relief structure. That means in the first or minus first diffraction order
- Viewing angle range of the (non-offset) relief structure is not noticeable or a lower intensity.
- the perceptible relative intensity can be varied between the original viewing angle range and the viewing angle ranges caused by the phase shift.
- the surface areas and partial areas are preferably formed in strips, the surface areas preferably having a largest dimension of more than 0.3 mm and the partial areas having a smallest dimension of less than 0.3 mm. In this way, it is possible to provide a plurality of subareas within a surface area that can be resolved with the unarmed eye, at least in the direction of a smallest dimension. In particularly preferred structural arrangements, the subregions have a smallest dimension of less than 0.1 mm.
- Area not only to be controlled by the phase shift, i.e. the displacement within the relief structure, but also by the size of the partial areas.
- an elongated, strip-shaped partial area can have different widths along its longitudinal direction.
- the intensity of the area in question can be varied between zero and 1 by means of the ratio of the area portions of the respectively in phase subareas.
- Relief structures is limited, but that any curved relief structures can be arranged in the manner described. It is also conceivable and can vary in terms of the desired image brightness also prove to be advantageous if curved lattice structures are designed to be polygonal, that is to say represented by straight and adjoining lattice lines. In this case, the incident light is only in a discrete number of
- FIG. 1 shows a security element of a document of value, which is composed of several schematically indicated areas
- FIG. 2 shows a surface area of a structure arrangement according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a surface area of a structure arrangement according to the invention consisting of two groups of partial areas
- Figure 4 shows a surface area of an inventive Structure arrangement with partial areas of varying dimensions
- FIG. 5 shows a surface area of a structure arrangement according to the invention consisting of groups of
- FIG. 6 shows a section through a surface area of a structure arrangement according to the invention with a relief structure offset perpendicular to the surface of the surface area.
- Figure 1 shows a document holder 2 with a
- the security element 4 comprises a structure arrangement in which visually perceptible information is stored in the form of an image 6.
- the security element 4 or the structure arrangement comprises a plurality of schematically indicated surface areas 8, which have a relief structure that cannot be represented in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 shows a surface area 10 of a structure arrangement designed according to the invention.
- the surface area 10 has a largest dimension of more than 0.3 mm that can be resolved with the unarmed eye and consists of two partial areas 12, 14 with identical relief structures 16 and 18.
- the relief structures 16, 18 accordingly have the same spatial frequency and are correct in cross-sectional shape as well the orientation of the grid lines.
- the relief structure 16, 18 is indicated in FIG. 2 by vertical lines 20, 22 which show the grid lines, ie the elevations of the relief structure, should represent, the .Distance of the grid lines is not shown to scale.
- the relief structure 16 of the partial region 12 is offset from the relief structure 18 of the partial region 14 by a fraction of the grating period g.
- the relief structure 16, 18 is, for example, a symmetrical grating, half of the light incident perpendicular to the relief structure is bent to the left or right with a certain cross-sectional shape of the grating and is in the first and minus the first order of diffraction (possibly in higher
- Diffraction orders perceptible.
- the above-described displacement of the relief structure 16 of the partial region 12 with respect to the relief structure 18 of the partial region 14 by half the grating period g enables the diffraction orders to be split.
- the structure arrangement thus acts as a beam splitter. Light incident vertically on the structure arrangement can no longer be perceived in the viewing angle range assigned to the first or minus first diffraction order of the undisplaced grating.
- a surface area 24 shown in FIG. 3 consists of two groups of partial areas 26 and 28 with an identical relief structure 30, 32 of the same phase position within a group.
- the relief structures 30, 32 of the partial areas 26, 28 are - as described in connection with FIG. 2 - offset from one another.
- FIG. 4 shows a surface area 34 of a further embodiment of the structure arrangement according to the invention.
- This surface area 34 comprises partial areas 36, 38 with an identical and mutually offset relief structure 40 and 42, respectively.
- the partial areas 36 and 38 have different dimensions and vary in width along their longitudinal extent. If the relief structure 40 is offset from the relief structure 42 by half the grating period g, that is to say the relief structures have the phase shift ⁇ , the relative brightness of the area 34 which can be resolved by the unarmed eye can be varied by the area proportion of the partial areas 36, 38.
- a section of the surface area 34 in which the partial areas 36, 38 have the same area proportions therefore appears dark, while another section of the surface area 34 in which the size of the partial area 36 outweighs the size of the partial area 38 (left in FIG. 4) appears bright .
- the surface area 34 further comprises partial areas 44, 46 with an identical relief structure 48 or 50.
- the relief structure 48 or 50 comprises for achieving this Corresponding optical effects, curved grid lines, which can be approximated or replaced by correspondingly polygonal lines.
- the relief structure 48 is phase-shifted in relation to the relief structure 50 in the manner described above.
- FIG. 5 shows a surface area 52 with two groups of partial areas 54 and 56.
- the partial areas 54, 46 have a longitudinal extent of more than 0.3 mm and a transverse extent of 0.05 mm. With such a
- Structural arrangement can generate a large splitting of the diffraction orders.
- FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of a structure arrangement or a surface area 58 on a carrier element 60.
- the surface region 58 comprises partial regions 62 and 64 with an identical relief structure which is offset by a fraction of the grating period in a direction essentially perpendicular to the carrier plane.
- the relief structure is only hinted at and the amount of height offset is exaggerated.
Landscapes
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4436192 | 1994-10-11 | ||
DE4436192A DE4436192C1 (de) | 1994-10-11 | 1994-10-11 | Strukturanordnung, insbesondere für ein Sicherheitselement |
PCT/DE1995/001229 WO1996011114A1 (de) | 1994-10-11 | 1995-09-08 | Strukturanordnung, insbesondere für ein sicherheitselement |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0785874A1 true EP0785874A1 (de) | 1997-07-30 |
EP0785874B1 EP0785874B1 (de) | 1998-12-02 |
Family
ID=6530404
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95930375A Expired - Lifetime EP0785874B1 (de) | 1994-10-11 | 1995-09-08 | Strukturanordnung, insbesondere für ein sicherheitselement |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6243202B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0785874B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3888690B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1054575C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE173983T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU686008B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9509311A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2202068C (de) |
DE (2) | DE4436192C1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2125653T3 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1001520A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2128585C1 (de) |
TW (1) | TW380729U (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996011114A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4423295C2 (de) * | 1994-07-02 | 1996-09-19 | Kurz Leonhard Fa | Beugungsoptisch wirksame Strukturanordnung |
DE19749789A1 (de) * | 1997-11-11 | 1999-05-12 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Sicherheitsmerkmal für ein Wert- oder Sicherheitsdokument mit fraktalem Lamellensystem |
AUPP444498A0 (en) | 1998-07-02 | 1998-07-23 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Diffractive structure with interstitial elements |
AU741763B2 (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2001-12-06 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Diffractive structure with interstitial elements |
DE19855782A1 (de) * | 1998-12-03 | 2000-06-08 | Heidenhain Gmbh Dr Johannes | Maßstab für eine optische Positionsmeßeinrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
CN100351675C (zh) * | 2005-02-04 | 2007-11-28 | 中国印钞造币总公司 | 形成含有隐藏图像的点阵衍射图的方法及用其制成的产品 |
JP4961944B2 (ja) | 2006-10-24 | 2012-06-27 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 表示体及び印刷物 |
GB0821872D0 (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2009-01-07 | Optaglio Sro | Optical device offering multiple pattern switch and/or colour effect and method of manufacture |
WO2012146257A1 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2012-11-01 | Danmarks Tekniske Universitet | Phase encoding in micrograting-based anticountefeit devices |
EA030058B1 (ru) * | 2017-03-15 | 2018-06-29 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Центр Компьютерной Голографии" | Микрооптическая система формирования визуальных изображений с кинематическими эффектами движения |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3471172A (en) * | 1967-04-25 | 1969-10-07 | Transmarine Corp | Scrip for use with paper security validation apparatus |
JPS5146717B2 (de) | 1972-06-21 | 1976-12-10 | ||
BR8008725A (pt) * | 1979-06-25 | 1981-04-28 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Compostos heterociclicos de poli-(alcoxi etilenicamente insaturado) |
CH653161A5 (de) * | 1981-10-27 | 1985-12-13 | Landis & Gyr Ag | Dokument mit einem sicherheitsmerkmal und verfahren zur echtheitspruefung des dokumentes. |
CH659433A5 (de) * | 1982-10-04 | 1987-01-30 | Landis & Gyr Ag | Dokument mit einem beugungsoptischen sicherheitselement. |
US4725511A (en) * | 1983-08-16 | 1988-02-16 | Reber William L | High technology decorative materials for watchfaces and fabrication of same |
GB2172850A (en) * | 1985-03-01 | 1986-10-01 | Kenrick & Jefferson Ltd | Security documents |
ATE69407T1 (de) * | 1988-03-03 | 1991-11-15 | Landis & Gyr Betriebs Ag | Dokument. |
US5058992A (en) * | 1988-09-07 | 1991-10-22 | Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. | Method for producing a display with a diffraction grating pattern and a display produced by the method |
DE58906429D1 (de) * | 1988-09-30 | 1994-01-27 | Landis & Gyr Business Support | Beugungselement. |
EP0375833B1 (de) * | 1988-12-12 | 1993-02-10 | Landis & Gyr Technology Innovation AG | Optisch variables Flächenmuster |
DE4243905A1 (de) * | 1992-12-23 | 1994-06-30 | Gao Ges Automation Org | Sicherheitselement zum Schutz von Sicherheitsdokumenten gegen Reproduktion |
US5784200A (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1998-07-21 | Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. | Difraction grating recording medium, and method and apparatus for preparing the same |
AU674770B2 (en) * | 1993-07-09 | 1997-01-09 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Multiple image diffractive device |
AU673100B2 (en) * | 1993-08-06 | 1996-10-24 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | A diffractive device |
-
1994
- 1994-10-11 DE DE4436192A patent/DE4436192C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-09-08 EP EP95930375A patent/EP0785874B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-08 AU AU33791/95A patent/AU686008B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-09-08 ES ES95930375T patent/ES2125653T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-08 BR BR9509311A patent/BR9509311A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-09-08 AT AT95930375T patent/ATE173983T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-09-08 US US08/809,678 patent/US6243202B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-08 RU RU97107358A patent/RU2128585C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-09-08 WO PCT/DE1995/001229 patent/WO1996011114A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1995-09-08 CA CA 2202068 patent/CA2202068C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-09-08 CN CN95195612A patent/CN1054575C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-09-08 DE DE59504446T patent/DE59504446D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-09-08 JP JP51224096A patent/JP3888690B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-09-23 TW TW088200684U patent/TW380729U/zh unknown
-
1998
- 1998-01-20 HK HK98100466A patent/HK1001520A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9611114A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6243202B1 (en) | 2001-06-05 |
TW380729U (en) | 2000-01-21 |
JPH10506857A (ja) | 1998-07-07 |
BR9509311A (pt) | 1997-10-14 |
ATE173983T1 (de) | 1998-12-15 |
AU3379195A (en) | 1996-05-02 |
CA2202068C (en) | 2006-06-13 |
JP3888690B2 (ja) | 2007-03-07 |
HK1001520A1 (en) | 1998-06-26 |
CA2202068A1 (en) | 1996-04-18 |
ES2125653T3 (es) | 1999-03-01 |
EP0785874B1 (de) | 1998-12-02 |
CN1054575C (zh) | 2000-07-19 |
DE59504446D1 (de) | 1999-01-14 |
DE4436192C1 (de) | 1996-03-21 |
AU686008B2 (en) | 1998-01-29 |
CN1160376A (zh) | 1997-09-24 |
RU2128585C1 (ru) | 1999-04-10 |
WO1996011114A1 (de) | 1996-04-18 |
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