EP0784952B1 - Chair, particularly office chair - Google Patents

Chair, particularly office chair Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0784952B1
EP0784952B1 EP97100566A EP97100566A EP0784952B1 EP 0784952 B1 EP0784952 B1 EP 0784952B1 EP 97100566 A EP97100566 A EP 97100566A EP 97100566 A EP97100566 A EP 97100566A EP 0784952 B1 EP0784952 B1 EP 0784952B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seat
backrest
chair
guide
joint
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP97100566A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0784952A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Horn
Armin Sander
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ITO DESIGN ARMIN SANDER
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ITO Design Armin Sander
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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest
    • A47C1/03294Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest slidingly movable in the base frame, e.g. by rollers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest
    • A47C1/03261Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest characterised by elastic means
    • A47C1/03272Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest characterised by elastic means with coil springs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest
    • A47C1/03255Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest with a central column, e.g. rocking office chairs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a chair, in particular office chair, with the Features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • a chair in particular office chair, with the Features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the backrest tilt adjustable.
  • the backrest is inclined continuously adjustable and in one or more inclination positions also lockable.
  • the seat is also adjustable inclination.
  • the inclination of the seat is adjusted using an the backrest swivel mechanism kinematically coupled, the seat inclination mechanism controlling synchronous mechanism.
  • the backrest tilts Adjacent rear area of the seat by one behind the front edge of the seat and pivot point located below the seat down. Because of this arrangement of the swivel raises that facing away from the backrest front area of the seat. So the seat is around that in the area the swivel joint arranged at the front edge is pivoted by a certain distance.
  • the seat surface is rotated away from the hip joint and the backrest and then sitting deeper into the seat so-called "shirt pull-out effect".
  • the backrest springs back into the The starting position is the shirt of the person sitting in the chair pushed up and pulled out of the skirt or trousers waistband.
  • the invention is based on the object generic chairs, especially office chairs, with regard to their synchronous mechanism to improve. This task is due to the combination of features of the Claim 1 solved.
  • the invention is based on the anatomical finding that pivoting the torso against the thighs by means of the hip joint. It would be obvious, therefore, to be in line with the axis of rotation of the hip joint. To arrange the swivel as a backrest swivel mechanism. Such an arrangement is known for example by the under the label "Aeron TM distributed office chair from the company Herman Miller.
  • the basic idea of the invention is the synchronous mechanism as a coupling gear to be designed with four links.
  • Such coupling gears are, for example known from “W. Krause, construction elements of precision engineering, 2nd edition, Carl Hanser Verlag, ISBN 3-446-16530-4, p. 724 ".
  • This takes place in principle a four-swivel chain application the associated with the hip joint Swivel joint by using a push crank chain (see W. Krause a.a.O. Table 13.11.2) is substituted by a sliding joint.
  • This below the To a certain extent creates a pushrod arranged in the hip joint of the person sitting there a "virtual hip joint" in the synchronous mechanism.
  • the thrust joint in this way couples the seat surface or the seat inclination mechanism directly to the backrest or backrest swivel mechanism.
  • the pivot point of the thrust joint is approximately congruent with the swivel joint of the Hip joint.
  • the transmission ratio between backrest and seat is 2: 1 to for 3: 1.
  • the attachment of the virtual joint also causes a constant Height of the ankle and thus prevents the soles of the feet from lifting off from the floor.
  • the angle in the knee described by the calf and thigh remains constant or increases with increasing backrest inclination is enlarged.
  • the proposed four-link coupling gear is in its construction simple and fulfills all kinematic requirements for the construction.
  • Claims 2 and 4 relate to advantageous refinements of both the backrest pivoting mechanism as well as the seat tilt mechanism. Both mechanics are structurally simple and are also common can easily be combined to form a sliding crank chain.
  • Claim 4 relates to an advantageous embodiment of the sliding joint.
  • the big ones Guide surfaces promote a low-play and safe function of the push joint.
  • Claims 5 and 6 relate to an alternative embodiment of the sliding joint.
  • Claim 7 relates to a structurally simple configuration of the reset mechanism for both the backrest swivel mechanism and the seat inclination mechanism.
  • the inventive chair consists essentially of the backrest 1, the Seat 2 and the bogie 3.
  • the bogie 3 consists of a base 4 with five arms arranged in a star shape. 5.
  • a roller 6 is attached at the outer end of each Arms 5 . With the help of the rollers 6, the chair is open at will movable on the floor. In the direction of the vertical axis of the chair (Axial direction 7) protrudes from the frame base 4 of the frame stand 8.
  • the Rack stand 8 supports the seat surface 2 and the backrest 1.
  • the backrest 1 In its upright inclination, the backrest 1 is essentially in that of the axial direction 7 and that extending at right angles to the axial direction 7 Transverse direction 9 spanned plane.
  • the seat 2 runs in its upright Tilt position in the from the transverse direction 9 and both to the transverse direction 9 and the longitudinal direction 10 running at right angles to the axial direction 7 spanned level.
  • Both the seat 2 and the backrest 1 are with the interposition of the synchronous mechanism mounted on the frame stand 8.
  • To support the backrest 1 are in the illustrated embodiment two backrest levers 11 with their backrest free ends 12 fixed to the backrest 1 connected.
  • the backrest levers 11 run in the longitudinal direction 10 and are with their the lever-free ends 13 facing away from the back-free ends 12 by means of one in the transverse direction 9 extending lever shaft 14 connected to each other.
  • the lever shaft 14 is an element of a backrest hinge 15 fixed to the frame stand 8
  • Backrest 1 is consequently by means of the backrest lever 11 on the backrest pivot joint 15 stored and with the help of the backrest hinge 15 relative to the frame stand 8 in the illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, from the longitudinal direction 10 and the Axial direction 7 spanned plane pivotable.
  • the pivot arrow 16 indicates this is shown schematically in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the seat surface 2 is in the longitudinal direction 10 by means of the backrest pivot joint 15 adjacent seat swivel 17 is tilt-mounted on the frame stand 8.
  • the seat 2 rests on a seat stool.
  • the seat stool is pivotable on a seat link 19 by means of a pivot hinge 18 stored.
  • two are facing away from the seat 2
  • Seat ends 19 connected to free ends connected to a control shaft 20 available.
  • the link shaft 20 is in this case an element of the seat pivot joint 17 Element pairs.
  • the pivot joints 18 are arranged.
  • Both seat handlebars 19 are by means of the swivel joints 18, each with a seat stool connected.
  • the inclination of the seat 2 is done by an up and down movement of the seat link 19 in the longitudinal direction 10 and the axial direction 7 spanned plane. This tilting movement the seat 2 is indicated graphically by the inclination arrow 21.
  • the link between the essentially from the backrest levers 11 and the Backrest swivel 15 existing backrest swivel mechanism and in essentially from the seat link 19, the pivot hinge 18 and the Seat swivel 17 existing seat inclination mechanism forms the prismatic slide guide designed thrust joint 22.
  • the thrust joint 22 is in the 1, 2, 3 and 4, the embodiment shown is an arc Prismatic slide guide.
  • This prism slide guide consists of a Double joint bow.
  • a portion of the backrest lever 11 is for this purpose bowl-shaped guide pan 23 formed. In this curved guide pan 23 is slidably mounted in the pivoting direction 24 at the same time the arched guide stool forming the seat surface stool 25.
  • the arched Guide pan 23 and the curved guide stool 25 form in Embodiment consequently the double articulated bow according to claim 4.
  • the guide stool 25 is also by means of the boom 26 via the pivot hinge 18 connected to the seat link 19.
  • the boom 26 and the seat link 25 thus form the pair of elements forming the pivot hinge 18.
  • the lumbar region 28 therefore does not change its relative position in relation to the backrest 1 in the lumbar region, which on the one hand favors an ergonomically correct sitting and on the other hand prevents the shirt pull-out effect described at the beginning.
  • the sliding joint 22 designed as a link guide
  • the sliding joint 22 is arcuate Guide pan 23 replaced by two slot-like guide links 40, the are arranged on a virtual arc line.
  • the guide slots 40 are firmly connected to one another by means of the longitudinal rod 41.
  • the on Backrest swivel 15 pivotally mounted backrest lever 11 exists in this Example of embodiment from two partial backrest levers 11, two intermediate guide link 40 and one the guide link 40 connecting longitudinal rod 41.
  • the seat stool is provided by two on the underside of the seat surface molded axial spars 42 formed. On their seat 2 Free ends facing away from one another carry the axial spars 42 which extend in the transverse direction 9 extending guide pin 43. By displacement of the guide pin 43 in the guide link 40, the inclination of the seat 2 is adjustable.
  • the guide pin 43 is positively guided by a relative pivoting the guide link 40 as a result of the pivoting of the backrest lever 11 around the backrest pivot joint 15 when the trunk 38 is leaning back.
  • the further Connection of the Axialholm 42-guide pin 43 combination with the seat link 19 is not shown in FIG. 5.
  • the invention is based on the basic idea in the area of Hip joint 37 is a hinge joint running in line with the hip joint 37 44 to arrange.
  • This hinge joint 44 is in accordance with the invention the thrust joint 22 is substituted, the one assigned to the backrest lever 11 Lever extension 45 and the boom extension assigned to the boom 26 46 omitted in the invention.
  • the replacement of the hinge joint 44, the lever extension 45 and the boom extension 46 by the Slide joint 22 effects a virtual hinge joint of the chair in the area of the Hip joint 37.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Stuhl, insbesondere Bürostuhl, mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1. Um ein sogenanntes "aktives Sitzen" während der Arbeit zu ermöglichen, ist die Rückenlehne dieser bekannten, gattungsmäßigen Stühle neigungsverstellbar. Üblicherweise ist die Rückenlehnenneigung stufenlos verstellbar und in einer oder mehreren Neigungsstellungen auch arretierbar.The present invention relates to a chair, in particular office chair, with the Features of the preamble of claim 1. To a so-called "active sitting" to enable during work is the backrest of this well-known, generic chairs tilt adjustable. Usually the backrest is inclined continuously adjustable and in one or more inclination positions also lockable.

Um ein Nachvornerutschen auf der Sitzfläche zu verhindern, ist auch die Sitzfläche neigungsverstellbar. Nach dem Stand der Technik - beispielsweise GB-A-2271053 - erfolgt die Neigungsverstellung der Sitzfläche mit Hilfe einer an die Rückenlehnenschwenkmechanik kinematisch gekoppelten, die Sitzflächenneigungsmechanik steuernden Synchronmechanik. Hierfür kippt der der Rückenlehne benachbarte hintere Bereich der Sitzfläche um einen hinter der Sitzflächenvorderkante und unterhalb der Sitzfläche angeordneten Drehpunkt nach unten. Wegen dieser Anordnung des Drehgelenks hebt sich der der Rückenlehne abgewandte vordere Bereich der Sitzfläche an. Die Sitzfläche ist also um das im Bereich der Vorderkante angeordnete Drehgelenk um eine gewisse Strecke verschwenkt. Infolge dieses Verschwenkens der Sitzfläche sackt der Körper zusammen mit der Sitzflächenrückseite ein Stück nach unten. Durch dieses Heruntersacken des Körpers werden die Fußgelenke ein Stück angehoben, was bei korrekt eingestellter Sitzhöhe ein zumindest teilweises Abheben der Fußsohlen vom Fußboden bewirkt. Ein auch teilweises Abheben der Fußsohlen vom Fußboden ist jedoch aus ergonomischen und orthopädischen Gründen unerwünscht. To prevent the seat from sliding forward, the seat is also adjustable inclination. According to the state of the art - for example GB-A-2271053 - the inclination of the seat is adjusted using an the backrest swivel mechanism kinematically coupled, the seat inclination mechanism controlling synchronous mechanism. For this, the backrest tilts Adjacent rear area of the seat by one behind the front edge of the seat and pivot point located below the seat down. Because of this arrangement of the swivel raises that facing away from the backrest front area of the seat. So the seat is around that in the area the swivel joint arranged at the front edge is pivoted by a certain distance. As a result of this pivoting of the seat, the body collapses with the back of the seat a little down. Through this sinking down of the body, the ankles are raised a bit, which if correct set seat height at least partially lifting the soles of the feet from Floor causes. There is also a partial lifting of the soles of the feet off the floor however undesirable for ergonomic and orthopedic reasons.

Durch das Abheben der Fußsohlen vom Fußboden verliert die im Stuhl sitzende Person gleichzeitig auch häufig den Körperkontakt mit der in die Sitzlehne üblicherweise eingearbeiteten Lordosen- bzw. Lumbalstütze. Dieser Effekt ist dadurch verstärkt, daß der Körper der sitzenden Person um deren Hüftgelenk verschwenkt, während Sitzfläche und Rückenlehne um das hüftgelenkferne, unterhalb der Sitzfläche, im vorderen Bereich des Stuhls angeordnete Drehgelenk schwenken. Um eine entspannte Sitzposition bei zurückgeschwenkter Rückenlehne zu erlangen, muß sich die Person dann tiefer in den Stuhl hineinsetzen, was dazu führt, daß sich die Fußgelenke noch weiter nach oben bewegen und das unerwünschte Abheben der Fußsohlen vom Fußboden verstärkt wird. Außerdem bewirken die hüftgelenkferne Drehung der Sitzfläche und der Rückenlehne und das anschließende tiefere Hineinsetzen in den Sitz den sogenannten "Hemdauszieheffekt". Beim Zurückfedern der Rückenlehne in die Ausgangsposition wird hierbei das Hemd der im Stuhl einsitzenden Person nach oben geschoben und aus dem Rock- bzw. Hosenbund herausgezogen.When the soles of the feet are lifted off the floor, the person sitting in the chair loses Person at the same time often the body contact with the usual in the seat back incorporated lumbar or lumbar support. This is the effect intensifies that the body of the seated person swivels around their hip joint, while seat and backrest around the hip, Swivel joint located below the seat, in the front area of the chair swing. To a relaxed sitting position when swiveled back To get backrest, the person has to go deeper into the chair put in, which causes the ankles to go up even further move and the unwanted lifting of the soles of the feet from the floor is reinforced. In addition, the seat surface is rotated away from the hip joint and the backrest and then sitting deeper into the seat so-called "shirt pull-out effect". When the backrest springs back into the The starting position is the shirt of the person sitting in the chair pushed up and pulled out of the skirt or trousers waistband.

Ausgehend von diesen Problemen liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die gattungsmäßigen Stühle, insbesondere Bürostühle, hinsichtlich ihrer Synchronmechanik zu verbessern. Diese Aufgabe ist durch die Merkmalskombination des Anspruches 1 gelöst.Based on these problems, the invention is based on the object generic chairs, especially office chairs, with regard to their synchronous mechanism to improve. This task is due to the combination of features of the Claim 1 solved.

Die Erfindung geht von der anatomischen Erkenntnis aus, daß eine Verschwenkung des Rumpfes gegenüber den Oberschenkeln mittels des Hüftgelenks erfolgt. Naheliegend wäre es deshalb, linienflüchtig zur Drehachse des Hüftgelenks ein Drehgelenk als Rückenlehnenschwenkmechanik anzuordnen. Eine derartige Anordnung ist beispielsweise bekannt durch den unter der Kennzeichnung "Aeron™ vertriebenen Bürostuhl der Firma Herman Miller.The invention is based on the anatomical finding that pivoting the torso against the thighs by means of the hip joint. It would be obvious, therefore, to be in line with the axis of rotation of the hip joint To arrange the swivel as a backrest swivel mechanism. Such an arrangement is known for example by the under the label "Aeron ™ distributed office chair from the company Herman Miller.

Diese Anordnung des Drehgelenks beeinträchtigt jedoch die designerischen Freiheiten des Bürostuhlgestalters. Außerdem ist eine derartige Gelenkanordnung nur bei gleichzeitiger Verwendung einer sehr tiefen Sitzschale möglich, was die Belüftung der Sitzfläche erschwert. Infolge der schlechten Belüftung kann der im Stuhl einsitzenden Person sehr warm werden. Schließlich beeinträchtigt die Schüsselform des Stuhls die Bewegungsfreiheit der im Stuhl einsitzenden Person.However, this arrangement of the swivel affects the design freedom of the office chair designer. In addition, such a joint arrangement is only with simultaneous use of a very deep seat shell possible what the ventilation the seat difficult. As a result of poor ventilation, the The person sitting in the chair becomes very warm. Finally, the Bowl shape of the chair the freedom of movement of the person sitting in the chair.

Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, die Synchronmechanik als Koppelgetriebe mit vier Gliedern auszugestalten. Derartige Koppelgetriebe sind beispielsweise bekannt aus "W. Krause, Konstruktionselemente der Feinmechanik, 2. Aufl., Carl Hanser Verlag, ISBN 3-446-16530-4, S. 724". Hierbei findet prinzipiell eine Vierdrehgelenkkette Anwendung, wobei das dem Hüftgelenk zugeordnete Drehgelenk durch Verwendung einer Schubkurbelkette (siehe W. Krause a.a.O. Tafel 13.11.2) durch ein Schubgelenk substituiert ist. Dieses unterhalb des Hüftgelenks der einsitzenden Person angeordnete Schubgelenk schafft gewissermaßen ein "virtuelles Hüftgelenk" in der Synchronmechanik. Das Schubgelenk koppelt die Sitzfläche bzw. die Sitzflächenneigungsmechanik auf diese Weise direkt an die Rückenlehne bzw. Rückenlehnenschwenkmechanik. Der virtuelle Drehpunkt des Schubgelenks ist etwa deckungsgleich mit dem Drehgelenk des Hüftgelenks.The basic idea of the invention is the synchronous mechanism as a coupling gear to be designed with four links. Such coupling gears are, for example known from "W. Krause, construction elements of precision engineering, 2nd edition, Carl Hanser Verlag, ISBN 3-446-16530-4, p. 724 ". This takes place in principle a four-swivel chain application, the associated with the hip joint Swivel joint by using a push crank chain (see W. Krause a.a.O. Table 13.11.2) is substituted by a sliding joint. This below the To a certain extent creates a pushrod arranged in the hip joint of the person sitting there a "virtual hip joint" in the synchronous mechanism. The thrust joint in this way couples the seat surface or the seat inclination mechanism directly to the backrest or backrest swivel mechanism. The virtual one The pivot point of the thrust joint is approximately congruent with the swivel joint of the Hip joint.

Das Übersetzungsverhältnis zwischen Rückenlehne und Sitzfläche beträgt 2:1 bis zum 3:1. Die Anbringung des virtuellen Gelenks bewirkt darüber hinaus eine konstante Höhe des Fußgelenks und verhindert somit ein Abheben der Fußsohlen vom Fußboden. Der von Wade und Oberschenkel beschriebene Winkel im Kniegelenk bleibt bei zunehmender Rückenlehnenneigung entweder konstant oder wird vergrößert.The transmission ratio between backrest and seat is 2: 1 to for 3: 1. The attachment of the virtual joint also causes a constant Height of the ankle and thus prevents the soles of the feet from lifting off from the floor. The angle in the knee described by the calf and thigh remains constant or increases with increasing backrest inclination is enlarged.

Das vorgeschlagene viergliedrige Koppelgetriebe ist in seinem konstruktiven Aufbau einfach und erfüllt sämtliche kinematischen Anforderungen an die Konstruktion. The proposed four-link coupling gear is in its construction simple and fulfills all kinematic requirements for the construction.

Die Ansprüche 2 und 4 betreffen vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sowohl der Rückenlehnenschwenkmechanik als auch der Sitzflächenneigungsmechanik. Beide Mechaniken sind in ihrem Aufbau konstruktiv einfach und sind zudem gemeinsam leicht zu einer Schubkurbelkette kombinierbar.Claims 2 and 4 relate to advantageous refinements of both the backrest pivoting mechanism as well as the seat tilt mechanism. Both mechanics are structurally simple and are also common can easily be combined to form a sliding crank chain.

Anspruch 4 betrifft eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des Schubgelenks. Die großen Führungsflächen begünstigen eine spielarme und sichere Funktion des Schubgelenks.Claim 4 relates to an advantageous embodiment of the sliding joint. The big ones Guide surfaces promote a low-play and safe function of the push joint.

Anspruch 5 und 6 betreffen eine alternative Ausführungsform des Schubgelenks.Claims 5 and 6 relate to an alternative embodiment of the sliding joint.

Anspruch 7 betrifft eine konstruktiv einfache Ausgestaltung des Rückstellmechanismus sowohl für die Rückenlehnenschwenkmechanik als auch für die Sitzflächenneigungsmechanik.Claim 7 relates to a structurally simple configuration of the reset mechanism for both the backrest swivel mechanism and the seat inclination mechanism.

Anhand der in den Figurenzeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele ist die Erfindung mit weiteren Vorteilen und Merkmalen geschildert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Gesamtdarstellung einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsmäßigen Stuhls mit schematisch angedeuteter Rückenlehne und Sitzfläche und durchgezeichneter, sichtbar gemachter Synchronmechanik,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Seitenansicht des Bürostuhls mit teilweise angedeuteter, im Bürostuhl einsitzender Person in aufrechter Funktionsstellung der Rückenlehne,
Fig. 3
eine schematische Seitenansicht des Bürostuhls mit teilweise angedeuteter, im Bürostuhl einsitzender Person mit maximal geneigter Rükkenlehne,
Fig. 4
eine schematische Seitenansicht der Schubkurbelkette mit Prismenschubführung als Schubgelenk,
Fig. 5
eine schematische Seitenansicht der Schubkurbelkette mit Kulissenführung als Schubgelenk,
Fig. 6
eine Prinzipskizze des der Erfindung prinzipiell zugrundeliegenden viergliedrigen Koppelgetriebes.
On the basis of the exemplary embodiments shown in the figure drawings, the invention is described with further advantages and features. Show it:
Fig. 1
1 shows an overall perspective view of an embodiment of the chair according to the invention with a schematically indicated backrest and seat and a drawn through, made visible synchronous mechanism,
Fig. 2
2 shows a schematic side view of the office chair with a partially indicated person sitting in the office chair in the upright functional position of the backrest,
Fig. 3
2 shows a schematic side view of the office chair with a partially indicated person sitting in the office chair with the backrest tilted to the maximum,
Fig. 4
1 shows a schematic side view of the push crank chain with a prism push guide as a push joint,
Fig. 5
1 shows a schematic side view of the push crank chain with a link guide as a push joint,
Fig. 6
a schematic diagram of the four-part coupling transmission on which the invention is based in principle.

Der erfindungsmäßige Stuhl besteht im wesenlichen aus der Rückenlehne 1, der Sitzfläche 2 und dem Drehgestell 3. Das Drehgestell 3 besteht aus einem Gestellfuß 4 mit fünf sternförmig angeordneten Armen 5. Am äußeren Ende eines jeden Arms 5 ist eine Rolle 6 angebracht. Mit Hilfe der Rollen 6 ist der Stuhl beliebig auf dem Fußboden verfahrbar. In Richtung der senkrecht verlaufenden Stuhlhauptachse (Axialrichtung 7) steht aus dem Gestellfuß 4 der Gestellständer 8 ab. Der Gestellständer 8 trägt die Sitzfläche 2 und die Rückenlehne 1.The inventive chair consists essentially of the backrest 1, the Seat 2 and the bogie 3. The bogie 3 consists of a base 4 with five arms arranged in a star shape. 5. At the outer end of each Arms 5 a roller 6 is attached. With the help of the rollers 6, the chair is open at will movable on the floor. In the direction of the vertical axis of the chair (Axial direction 7) protrudes from the frame base 4 of the frame stand 8. The Rack stand 8 supports the seat surface 2 and the backrest 1.

In ihrer aufrechten Neigungsstellung steht die Rückenlehne 1 im wesentlichen in der von der Axialrichtung 7 und der zur Axialrichtung 7 rechtwinklig verlaufenden Querrichtung 9 aufgespannten Ebene. Die Sitzfläche 2 verläuft in ihrer aufrechten Neigungsstellung in der von der Querrichtung 9 und der sowohl zur Querrichtung 9 als auch zur Axialrichtung 7 rechtwinklig verlaufenden Längsrichtung 10 aufgespannten Ebene. Sowohl die Sitzfläche 2 als auch die Rückenlehne 1 sind unter Zwischenschaltung der Synchronmechanik am Gestellständer 8 gelagert. Zur Lagerung der Rückenlehne 1 sind beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel die beiden Lehnenhebel 11 mit ihren Lehnenfreienden 12 fest mit der Rückenlehne 1 verbunden. Die Lehnenhebel 11 verlaufen in Längsrichtung 10 und sind mit ihren den Lehnenfreienden 12 abgewandten Hebelfreienden 13 mittels einer in Querrichtung 9 verlaufenden Hebelwelle 14 miteinander verbunden. Die Hebelwelle 14 ist Element eines am Gestellständer 8 fixierten Lehnendrehgelenks 15. Die Rückenlehne 1 ist folglich mittels der Lehnenhebel 11 am Lehnendrehgelenk 15 gelagert und mit Hilfe des Lehnendrehgelenks 15 gegenüber dem Gestellständer 8 in der in Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 dargestellten, von der Längsrichtung 10 und der Axialrichtung 7 aufgespannten Ebene schwenkbar. Der Schwenkpfeil 16 deutet dies in Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 schematisch an. In its upright inclination, the backrest 1 is essentially in that of the axial direction 7 and that extending at right angles to the axial direction 7 Transverse direction 9 spanned plane. The seat 2 runs in its upright Tilt position in the from the transverse direction 9 and both to the transverse direction 9 and the longitudinal direction 10 running at right angles to the axial direction 7 spanned level. Both the seat 2 and the backrest 1 are with the interposition of the synchronous mechanism mounted on the frame stand 8. To support the backrest 1 are in the illustrated embodiment two backrest levers 11 with their backrest free ends 12 fixed to the backrest 1 connected. The backrest levers 11 run in the longitudinal direction 10 and are with their the lever-free ends 13 facing away from the back-free ends 12 by means of one in the transverse direction 9 extending lever shaft 14 connected to each other. The lever shaft 14 is an element of a backrest hinge 15 fixed to the frame stand 8 Backrest 1 is consequently by means of the backrest lever 11 on the backrest pivot joint 15 stored and with the help of the backrest hinge 15 relative to the frame stand 8 in the illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, from the longitudinal direction 10 and the Axial direction 7 spanned plane pivotable. The pivot arrow 16 indicates this is shown schematically in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Die Sitzfläche 2 ist mittels eines dem Lehnendrehgelenk 15 in Längsrichtung 10 benachbarten Sitzdrehgelenks 17 neigungsverstellbar am Gestellständer 8 gelagert. Die Sitzfläche 2 ruht auf einem Sitzflächenschemel. Der Sitzflächenschemel ist mittels eines Schemeldrehgelenks 18 an einem Sitzflächenlenker 19 schwenkbar gelagert. Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind zwei mit ihren der Sitzfläche 2 abgewandten Freienden mit einer Lenkerwelle 20 verbundene Sitzflächenlenker 19 vorhanden. Die Lenkerwelle 20 ist hierbei Element des das Sitzdrehgelenk 17 bildenden Elementenpaars. An den der Lenkerwelle 20 abgewandten Enden der Sitzflächenlenker 19 sind die Schemeldrehgelenke 18 angeordnet. Beide Sitzflächenlenker 19 sind mittels der Schemeldrehgelenke 18 mit jeweils einem Sitzflächenschemel verbunden. Die Neigungsverstellung der Sitzfläche 2 erfolgt durch eine Auf- und Abbewegung des Sitzflächenlenkers 19 in der von der Längsrichtung 10 und der Axialrichtung 7 aufgepannten Ebene. Diese Neigungsbewegung der Sitzfläche 2 ist durch den Neigungspfeil 21 graphisch angedeutet.The seat surface 2 is in the longitudinal direction 10 by means of the backrest pivot joint 15 adjacent seat swivel 17 is tilt-mounted on the frame stand 8. The seat 2 rests on a seat stool. The seat stool is pivotable on a seat link 19 by means of a pivot hinge 18 stored. In the exemplary embodiment, two are facing away from the seat 2 Seat ends 19 connected to free ends connected to a control shaft 20 available. The link shaft 20 is in this case an element of the seat pivot joint 17 Element pairs. At the ends facing away from the handlebar shaft 20 Seat arm 19, the pivot joints 18 are arranged. Both seat handlebars 19 are by means of the swivel joints 18, each with a seat stool connected. The inclination of the seat 2 is done by an up and down movement of the seat link 19 in the longitudinal direction 10 and the axial direction 7 spanned plane. This tilting movement the seat 2 is indicated graphically by the inclination arrow 21.

Das Bindeglied zwischen der im wesentlichen aus den Lehnenhebeln 11 und dem Lehnendrehgelenk 15 bestehenden Rückenlehnenschwenkmechanik und der im wesentlichen aus dem Sitzflächenlenker 19, dem Schemeldrehgelenk 18 und dem Sitzdrehgelenk 17 bestehenden Sitzflächenneigungsmechanik bildet das als Prismenschubführung ausgestaltete Schubgelenk 22. Das Schubgelenk 22 ist in dem in den Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 und Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eine bogenförmige Prismenschubführung. Diese Prismenschubführung besteht aus einem Doppelgelenkbogen. Ein Teilbereich der Lehnenhebel 11 ist hierfür als schüsselartige Führungspfanne 23 ausgebildet. In dieser bogenförmigen Führungspfanne 23 ist in Schwenkrichtung 24 verschieblich gelagert der gleichzeitig den Sitzflächenschemel bildende, bogenförmige Führungsschemel 25. Die bogenförmige Führungspfanne 23 und der bogenförmige Führungsschemel 25 bilden im Ausführungsbeispiel folglich den Doppelgelenkbogen nach Anspruch 4. Der Führungsschemel 25 ist mittels des Auslegers 26 über das Schemeldrehgelenk 18 mit dem Sitzflächenlenker 19 verbunden. Der Ausleger 26 und der Sitzflächenlenker 25 bilden also das das Schemeldrehgelenk 18 ausbildende Elementenpaar.The link between the essentially from the backrest levers 11 and the Backrest swivel 15 existing backrest swivel mechanism and in essentially from the seat link 19, the pivot hinge 18 and the Seat swivel 17 existing seat inclination mechanism forms the prismatic slide guide designed thrust joint 22. The thrust joint 22 is in the 1, 2, 3 and 4, the embodiment shown is an arc Prismatic slide guide. This prism slide guide consists of a Double joint bow. A portion of the backrest lever 11 is for this purpose bowl-shaped guide pan 23 formed. In this curved guide pan 23 is slidably mounted in the pivoting direction 24 at the same time the arched guide stool forming the seat surface stool 25. The arched Guide pan 23 and the curved guide stool 25 form in Embodiment consequently the double articulated bow according to claim 4. The guide stool 25 is also by means of the boom 26 via the pivot hinge 18 connected to the seat link 19. The boom 26 and the seat link 25 thus form the pair of elements forming the pivot hinge 18.

Die Wirkungsweise der vorstehend beschriebenen Synchronmechanik ist folgende:
Lehnt sich die schematisch angedeutete Person 27 in Längsrichtung 10 gegen die Rückenlehne 1 zurück, verschwenkt die Rückenlehne 1 in Richtung des Schwenkpfeiles 16 nach hinten. Infolge der starren Verbindung der Rückenlehne 1 mit den Lehnenhebeln 11 im Bereich des Lehnenfreiendes 12 schwenken die beiden Lehnenhebel 11 um das Lehnendrehgelenk 15 in Axialrichtung 7 nach unten. Die an den Lehnenhebeln 11 ausgebildeten Führungspfannen 23 beaufschlagen hierbei die Führungsschemel 25 zwangsführungsartig. Durch diese Beaufschlagung der Führungsschemel 25 schwenkt der Sitzflächenlenker 19 in Richtung des Neigungspfeils 21 in Axialrichtung 7 nach unten, wodurch die Sitzfläche 2 ebenfalls in Axialrichtung 7 nach unten schwenkt. Aus den Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 ist ersichtlich, daß der schematisch dargestellte Lendenbereich 28 der Wirbelsäule 29 weiterhin stets an der als Strich 30 angedeuteten Lordosen- bzw. Lumbalstütze anliegt. Der Lendenbereich 28 verändert also seine Relativstellung gegenüber der Rückenlehne 1 im Lordosenbereich nicht, was einerseits ein ergonomisch richtiges Sitzen begünstigt und andererseits den eingangs beschriebenen Hemdauszieheffekt verhindert.
The operation of the synchronous mechanism described above is as follows:
If the schematically indicated person 27 leans back against the backrest 1 in the longitudinal direction 10, the backrest 1 pivots backwards in the direction of the pivot arrow 16. As a result of the rigid connection of the backrest 1 to the backrest levers 11 in the region of the backrest free end 12, the two backrest levers 11 pivot downward in the axial direction 7 about the backrest pivot joint 15. The guide pans 23 formed on the backrest levers 11 force the guide stool 25 like a positive guide. As a result of this loading of the guide bolster 25, the seat surface link 19 swivels downward in the direction of the inclination arrow 21 in the axial direction 7, as a result of which the seat surface 2 also swings downwards in the axial direction 7. From FIGS. 2 and 3 it can be seen that the lumbar region 28 of the spine 29, which is shown schematically, continues to rest against the lumbar or lumbar support indicated as a line 30. The lumbar region 28 therefore does not change its relative position in relation to the backrest 1 in the lumbar region, which on the one hand favors an ergonomically correct sitting and on the other hand prevents the shirt pull-out effect described at the beginning.

Dadurch, daß gemäß der Erfindung die Vorderkante 31 der Sitzfläche 2 beim Verschwenken der Rückenlehne 1 nicht angehoben wird, und der Winkel zwischen den Oberschenkeln 32 und den Waden 33 im Bereich des Knies 34 der Person 27 nahezu konstant bleibt, bleiben auch die Fußsohlen der Person 27 auf dem Fußboden 35 vollständig stehen. Mit anderen Worten findet nur eine Verschwenkung im Bereich des Fuß- bzw. Sprunggelenks 36 und dem Hüftgelenk 37 statt. Bewegt die Person 27 den Rumpf 38 in Längsrichtung 10 wieder nach vorne, entspannt das infolge des Verschwenkens des Lehnenhebels 11 vorgespannte Federelement 39. Die so freiwerdende Federenergie des Federelements 39 wird in die Hebelwelle 14 als Drehmoment eingeleitet, wodurch die Rückenlehne 1 und die mittels des Schubgelenks 22 zwangsgeführte Sitzfläche 2 in ihre aufrechte Ausgangsposition zurückschwenkt.Characterized in that according to the invention the front edge 31 of the seat surface 2 when pivoting the backrest 1 is not raised, and the angle between thighs 32 and calves 33 in the area of knee 34 of person 27 remains almost constant, the soles of the person 27 remain on the floor 35 stand completely. In other words, it only pivots in the area of the foot or ankle joint 36 and the hip joint 37 instead. Emotional the person 27 relaxes the trunk 38 in the longitudinal direction 10 again forward the spring element biased due to the pivoting of the backrest lever 11 39. The spring energy of the spring element 39 thus released is transferred to the Lever shaft 14 initiated as a torque, whereby the backrest 1 and by means of the sliding joint 22 positively guided seat 2 in its upright starting position swings back.

Bei dem als Kulissenführung ausgestalteten Schubgelenk 22 ist die bogenförmige Führungspfanne 23 durch zwei langlochartige Führungskulissen 40 ersetzt, die auf einer virtuellen Bogenlinie angeordnet sind. Die Führungskulissen 40 sind mittels des Längsstabs 41 fest miteinander verbunden. Der am Lehnendrehgelenk 15 schwenkbar gelagerte Lehnenhebel 11 besteht bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel also aus zwei Teil-Lehnenhebeln 11, zwei zwischengeschalteten Führungskulissen 40 und einem die Führungskulissen 40 miteinander verbindenden Längsstab 41.In the case of the sliding joint 22 designed as a link guide, the sliding joint 22 is arcuate Guide pan 23 replaced by two slot-like guide links 40, the are arranged on a virtual arc line. The guide slots 40 are firmly connected to one another by means of the longitudinal rod 41. The on Backrest swivel 15 pivotally mounted backrest lever 11 exists in this Example of embodiment from two partial backrest levers 11, two intermediate guide link 40 and one the guide link 40 connecting longitudinal rod 41.

Der Sitzflächenschemel ist bei dieser Ausführungsform durch zwei an der Sitzflächenunterseite angeformte Axialholme 42 gebildet. An ihren der Sitzfläche 2 abgewandten Freienden tragen die Axialholme 42 die sich in Querrichtung 9 erstreckenden Führungsbolzen 43. Durch eine Verschiebung der Führungsbolzen 43 in den Führungskulissen 40 ist die Neigung der Sitzfläche 2 verstellbar. Die Zwangsführung der Führungsbolzen 43 erfolgt durch ein relatives Verschwenken der Führungskulissen 40 infolge der Verschwenkung des Lehnenhebels 11 um das Lehnendrehgelenk 15 beim Zurücklehnen des Rumpfs 38. Die weitere Verbindung der Axialholm 42-Führungsbolzen 43-Kombination mit dem Sitzflächenlenker 19 ist in Fig. 5 nicht dargestellt.In this embodiment, the seat stool is provided by two on the underside of the seat surface molded axial spars 42 formed. On their seat 2 Free ends facing away from one another carry the axial spars 42 which extend in the transverse direction 9 extending guide pin 43. By displacement of the guide pin 43 in the guide link 40, the inclination of the seat 2 is adjustable. The guide pin 43 is positively guided by a relative pivoting the guide link 40 as a result of the pivoting of the backrest lever 11 around the backrest pivot joint 15 when the trunk 38 is leaning back. The further Connection of the Axialholm 42-guide pin 43 combination with the seat link 19 is not shown in FIG. 5.

Gemäß Fig. 6 liegt der Erfindung die Grundüberlegung zugrunde, im Bereich des Hüftgelenks 37 ein linienflüchtig zum Hüftgelenk 37 verlaufendes Scharniergelenk 44 anzuordnen. Dieses Scharniergelenk 44 ist gemäß der Erfindung durch das Schubgelenk 22 substituiert, wobei die dem Lehnenhebel 11 zugeordnete Hebelverlängerung 45 sowie die dem Ausleger 26 zugeordnete Auslegerverlängerung 46 bei der Erfindung entfallen. Die Substitution des Scharniergelenks 44, der Hebelverlängerung 45 und der Auslegerverlängerung 46 durch das Schubgelenk 22 bewirkt ein virtuelles Scharniergelenk des Stuhls im Bereich des Hüftgelenks 37.6, the invention is based on the basic idea in the area of Hip joint 37 is a hinge joint running in line with the hip joint 37 44 to arrange. This hinge joint 44 is in accordance with the invention the thrust joint 22 is substituted, the one assigned to the backrest lever 11 Lever extension 45 and the boom extension assigned to the boom 26 46 omitted in the invention. The replacement of the hinge joint 44, the lever extension 45 and the boom extension 46 by the Slide joint 22 effects a virtual hinge joint of the chair in the area of the Hip joint 37.

Claims (7)

  1. Chair, in particular office chair,
    having an adjustable-inclination backrest (1) and
    having a slide-crank chain as a synchronizing mechanism for changing the seat-surface inclination in dependence on the respective backrest inclination angle,
    characterized in that the slide-crank chain comprises
    four gear-mechanism elements,
    a seat mount (8),
    a backrest lever (11),
    an extension arm (26) and
    a seat-surface link (19)
    three swivel joints
    a backrest swivel joint (15),
    a seat swivel joint (17) and
    a support swivel joint (18), and also
    a sliding joint (22) which acts as a joining element between the backrest pivoting mechanism and seat-surface inclining mechanism.
  2. Chair according to Claim 1, characterized in that the backrest pivoting mechanism is formed from one or more backrest levers (11) mounted pivotably on the seat mount (8).
  3. Chair according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat-surface inclining mechanism is formed from one or more seat-surface links (19) which are mounted pivotably on the seat mount (8) and are connected to the seat surface (2) via a support swivel joint (18).
  4. Chair according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by an arcuate prismatic slide guide, which forms a double-jointed arc, as the sliding joint (22).
  5. Chair according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sliding joint (22) is designed as a slotted guide arrangement,
    having at least one slot-like guide element (40) on the backrest pivoting mechanism, and
    having a moveable guide bolt (43) which is positioned in the guide element (40) and is connected to the seat-surface inclining mechanism.
  6. Chair according to Claim 5, characterized by two guide elements (40) which form an arcuate line between them and each have a moveable guide bolt (43) which is positioned in them and is connected to the seat-surface inclining mechanism.
  7. Chair according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a spring-force-driven restoring mechanism for restoring the backrest (1) into its upright functional position and for simultaneously restoring the seat surface (2) into its non-inclined position.
EP97100566A 1996-01-18 1997-01-16 Chair, particularly office chair Expired - Lifetime EP0784952B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29600821U DE29600821U1 (en) 1996-01-18 1996-01-18 Chair, especially office chair
DE29600821U 1996-01-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0784952A1 EP0784952A1 (en) 1997-07-23
EP0784952B1 true EP0784952B1 (en) 2000-03-01

Family

ID=8018212

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97100566A Expired - Lifetime EP0784952B1 (en) 1996-01-18 1997-01-16 Chair, particularly office chair

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0784952B1 (en)
DE (2) DE29600821U1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19900454C2 (en) 1999-01-08 2001-10-25 Andreas Struppler Chair, especially office chair
DE10121227C1 (en) * 2001-04-30 2002-09-05 Klaus Seeliger Backrest and seat squab adjuster for motor vehicle seat has sliding or rolling surfaces with radius locus outside seat frame
US6644741B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2003-11-11 Haworth, Inc. Chair
US6945602B2 (en) 2003-12-18 2005-09-20 Haworth, Inc. Tilt control mechanism for chair

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3844102A1 (en) * 1988-12-28 1990-07-05 Sondergeld Horst Dipl Designer SEAT FOR AN OFFICE CHAIR OD. DGL.
DE4209049C2 (en) * 1992-03-20 1995-05-11 Kloeber Gmbh & Co Working armchair with flat synchronous mechanism
GB2271053A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-06 Edward L Stulik Reclining chair
DE9300997U1 (en) * 1993-01-26 1994-05-26 Sondergeld Horst Adjustable seat
DE4331987A1 (en) * 1993-09-21 1995-03-23 Fredi Dubach Chair, especially office chair

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE29600821U1 (en) 1997-05-28
DE59701156D1 (en) 2000-04-06
EP0784952A1 (en) 1997-07-23

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