EP0779638A1 - High voltage circuit breaker with a reduced driving energy - Google Patents

High voltage circuit breaker with a reduced driving energy Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0779638A1
EP0779638A1 EP96402636A EP96402636A EP0779638A1 EP 0779638 A1 EP0779638 A1 EP 0779638A1 EP 96402636 A EP96402636 A EP 96402636A EP 96402636 A EP96402636 A EP 96402636A EP 0779638 A1 EP0779638 A1 EP 0779638A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
chamber
circuit breaker
piston
sliding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96402636A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Edmond Thuries
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Grid Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom T&D SA
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Publication date
Application filed by GEC Alsthom T&D SA filed Critical GEC Alsthom T&D SA
Publication of EP0779638A1 publication Critical patent/EP0779638A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high voltage circuit breaker with reduced operating energy.
  • a circuit breaker of the self-blowing type with horizontal longitudinal axis comprising a casing filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts cooperating with each other, at least one being part of a set of movable contact secured to an operating member and adapted to be moved axially in the envelope between a closed position and an open position, the movable contact assembly being constituted by a first tube carrying at its end the contact d mobile arc and a second tube coaxial with the first tube to delimit, on either side of a crown connecting the first and the second tube, an expansion chamber closed by a blowing nozzle and a compression chamber communicating with the blowing chamber and closed by a fixed piston.
  • the present invention solves this problem by carrying out during the arc pressure balancing on each side of the fixed piston, in the compression chamber on one side and in an additional chamber provided with a sliding mass on the other side.
  • the circuit breaker comprises an additional chamber delimited by an extension of the second tube, by an annular part secured to the end of this extension opposite to the contacts and sliding on a third fixed tube integral with the piston and disposed between the first and the second tube, by said third tube and by the fixed piston, this additional chamber being divided into two sub-chambers by a heavy piece sliding freely between the second and the third tube and pushed against the annular part in the closed position by a spring disposed between it and the piston and a means of permanent communication of the compression chamber with the sub-chamber situated between the sliding part and the annular part being provided , the force exerted on said part by the spring being less than the force resulting from the pressure of the heated gas at the time of the appearance of an arc during the opening being exerted on the face of said part limiting the sub-chamber located between the sliding part and the annular part.
  • a sliding annular ring provided with at least one through hole is disposed between the sliding part and the piston, said spring being disposed between this piston and the ring and the third tube carrying a fixed end stop of the ring. pushed by the spring.
  • the longitudinal dimension of the sliding part is less than the distance between the annular end portion of the second tube and the fixed stop, in the open position.
  • the sliding part has a mass of approximately 5 kg.
  • Said means of communication is preferably made up of at least one longitudinal channel produced in the second tube and opening on the one hand into the compression chamber near the crown and on the other hand into said sub-chamber nearby of the annular part.
  • the piston is provided with at least a first through orifice connecting the compression chamber and the additional chamber and provided with a non-return valve allowing the entry of the gas into the compression chamber and of at least one second orifice connecting the additional chamber and a space between the first and the third tube, space communicating with the interior of the envelope at the start of opening and fitted with a non-return valve allowing gas to enter the additional chamber.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position.
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the opening start position.
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the arc appearance position.
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the end of opening position.
  • Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the open position.
  • the circuit breaker shown in the figures comprises, in a conventional manner, an insulating envelope 1 filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts 3A, 7A cooperating with each other.
  • the contact 7A is part of a movable contact assembly secured to an operating member 6 and adapted to be moved axially in the casing 1 between a closed position and an open position.
  • the movable contact assembly is constituted by a first tube 7 carrying at its end the movable arcing contact 7A and a second tube 8 coaxial with the first tube 7 to delimit, on either side of a ring 9 connecting the first and second tubes, an expansion chamber 17 closed by a blowing nozzle 10 and a compression chamber 18 communicating via a through orifice 2 with the expansion chamber and closed by a fixed piston 11.
  • the circuit breaker may also include a permanent contact 14 cooperating with the end 8A of the second tube 8 forming a movable permanent contact.
  • the fixed piston 11 is carried by a third fixed tube 4 which is arranged between the first 7 and the second tube 8 and which is coaxial with these and of diameter slightly greater than that of the first tube 7.
  • This third tube is secured by example of a fixed flange 5 which can constitute an outlet for the circuit breaker and on which slides the first tube 7 through a joint 25.
  • the space existing between the first 7 and the third tube 4 communicates at the start opening with the inside of the circuit breaker by a light 12 made in the first tube 7.
  • the second tube 8 has an extension 8B situated on the side of the piston 11 opposite the contacts 3A, 7A and which comprises at its end an annular part 8C sliding on the third tube 4 by means of a sliding seal 13.
  • the extension 8B, the annular part 8C, the third tube 4 and the piston 11 delimits an additional chamber which is divided into two sub-chambers 15 and 16 by a part 19 mounted freely between the extension 8B of the second tube 8 and the third tube 4.
  • This part 19 is relatively heavy, for example may have a mass of about 5 kg.
  • a spring 20 disposed between it and the piston 11.
  • an annular ring 21 sliding between the second tube 8 and the third tube 4 and provided with at least one through orifice 22.
  • the stroke of this ring 21 is limited by a flange 23 carried by the third tube 4 and constituting an end-of-travel stop for the ring 21 pushed by spring 20.
  • the part 19 consists of a metal cylinder of annular section and its height or longitudinal dimension is less than the distance between the annular part 8C and the fixed stop 23, in the open position, as visible in FIG. 5. This dimension on the other hand, is greater than this distance in the closed position, as can be seen in FIG. 1.
  • the part 19 therefore has a bore of reduced diameter at its end turned towards the contacts to allow it to pass beyond the stop 23.
  • the second tube 8 is pierced with at least one longitudinal channel 24 constituting a means of communication between the compression chamber 18 and the sub-chamber 16. To do this, this channel 24 opens firstly into the compression chamber 18 near the crown 9 and on the other hand in the sub-chamber 16 near the annular part 8C.
  • the piston 11 is provided with at least a first through orifice 27 connecting the compression chamber 18 and the sub-chamber 15 and provided with a non-return valve 28 allowing the entry of gas into the compression chamber 18 and d '' at least a second orifice 29 connecting the additional chamber and a space 30 between the first 7 and the third 4 tube, space communicating with the interior of the casing 1 at the start of opening and provided with a non-return valve return 31 authorizing the entry of gas into the sub-chamber 15.
  • the spring 20 is chosen so that the force exerted on said part 19 by the spring 20 is less than the force resulting from the pressure of the heated gas at the time of the appearance of an arc during the opening s 'exerting on the face of said part limiting the sub-chamber 16 located between the sliding part 19 and the annular part 8C.
  • FIG. 2 showing the start of the opening, the permanent contacts 8A and 14 are separated and the arcing contacts 7A and 3A also begin to separate.
  • the movable assembly being moved, compression begins in the chamber 18, the gas coming through the orifice 2, the expansion chamber 17 and the nozzle 10 licking the arcing contacts 7A and 3A.
  • the annular part 8C is detached from the part 19 (to allow this detachment, in known manner, the part 19 is provided with radial grooves on its face facing the annular part 8C) and the latter is pushed towards this annular part 8C by the force exerted by the spring 20.
  • the sub-chamber 15 therefore increases in volume and a vacuum is created there, causing the valve 31 to open, gas contained in the envelope 1 filling this sub-chamber 15 passing through the orifice 12 provided in the tube 7, in the space 30 between the tubes 7 and 4 and in the orifice 29.
  • the gas is heated by it and this results in a rise in pressure in the expansion chamber 17, in the compression chamber 18 and in the under chamber 16 via the channel 24.
  • the part 19 is then pushed by the force exerted by this pressure, the spring 20 being chosen to then exert a lower force.
  • the movement of the part 29 is slowed down by its inertia, so that the sub-chamber 16 experiences only a small increase in volume, which avoids causing the pressure in the chambers 17 and 18 to drop too low. is compressed in the sub-chamber 15, the volume of which is then reduced.
  • the pressure exerted by bottom effect on the movable walls 8, 9 of the chamber 18 is therefore, at the appearance of the arc, balanced by the pressure exerted on the wall 8C ring finger.
  • the braking effect undergone by a conventional circuit breaker and requiring significant operating energy is thus eliminated.
  • the part 19 is pressed against the annular part 8C as shown in FIG. 5, canceling the volume of the sub-chamber 16. All the gas contained in this sub-chamber 16 is therefore evacuated through the channel 24 in the compression chamber 18, until the end of the opening, since this channel 24 opens near the crown 9.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to extend the blowing between the positions shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, preventing any re-ignition of the bow.
  • the ring 21 only serves to limit the stroke of the spring 20, in order to reduce the energy during engagement. This ring 21 can therefore possibly be eliminated, not participating in the feedback effect on the annular wall 8C.

Abstract

The circuit breaker includes an envelope (1) which is filled with dielectric gas and contains two contacts (3A,7A). The moving contact (7A) is fixed to the end of a tube (7), surrounded by a second coaxial tube (8) and connected to it by a crown (9). There is an expansion chamber (17), closed off by a blower bus (10) and a compression chamber (18) linking with the blower chamber and closed off by a fixed piston (11). A supplementary chamber slides on a third tube (4) between the others to which is fixed the piston. The supplementary chamber is divided into two by a sliding heavy piece (19), pushed against the annular end piece (8C) by a spring (20) whose force is less than that created by the gas pressure on arcing.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un disjoncteur à haute tension à énergie de manoeuvre réduite.The present invention relates to a high voltage circuit breaker with reduced operating energy.

Il concerne plus précisément un disjoncteur du type à auto-soufflage à axe longitudinal horizontal, comprenant une enveloppe remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, deux contacts d'arc coopérant entre eux, l'un au moins faisant partie d'un ensemble de contact mobile solidaire d'un organe de manoeuvre et adapté pour être déplacé axialement dans l'enveloppe entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture, l'ensemble de contact mobile étant constitué par un premier tube portant à son extrémité le contact d'arc mobile et un deuxième tube coaxial au premier tube pour délimiter, de part et d'autre d'une couronne reliant le premier et le deuxième tube, une chambre d'expansion fermée par une buse de soufflage et une chambre de compression communiquant avec la chambre de soufflage et fermée par un piston fixe.More precisely, it relates to a circuit breaker of the self-blowing type with horizontal longitudinal axis, comprising a casing filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts cooperating with each other, at least one being part of a set of movable contact secured to an operating member and adapted to be moved axially in the envelope between a closed position and an open position, the movable contact assembly being constituted by a first tube carrying at its end the contact d mobile arc and a second tube coaxial with the first tube to delimit, on either side of a crown connecting the first and the second tube, an expansion chamber closed by a blowing nozzle and a compression chamber communicating with the blowing chamber and closed by a fixed piston.

Dans un tel disjoncteur, lors de l'ouverture, à la formation de l'arc, la pression du gaz diélectrique augmente fortement dans la chambre d'expansion et donc également dans la chambre de compression qui communique avec celle-ci en général par un orifice traversant la couronne. Cette pression tend à freiner le déplacement d'ouverture et nécessite une énergie importante de manoeuvre pour continuer l'ouverture du disjoncteur et la séparation des contacts.In such a circuit breaker, during opening, at the formation of the arc, the pressure of the dielectric gas strongly increases in the expansion chamber and therefore also in the compression chamber which communicates with it in general by a orifice passing through the crown. This pressure tends to slow down the opening movement and requires significant operating energy to continue opening the circuit breaker and separating the contacts.

La présente invention résout ce problème en réalisant durant l'arc un équilibrage des pressions de chaque côté du piston fixe, dans la chambre de compression d'un côté et dans une chambre supplémentaire pourvue d'une masse coulissante de l'autre côté.The present invention solves this problem by carrying out during the arc pressure balancing on each side of the fixed piston, in the compression chamber on one side and in an additional chamber provided with a sliding mass on the other side.

Pour ce faire, selon l'invention, le disjoncteur comporte une chambre supplémentaire délimitée par un prolongement du deuxième tube, par une partie annulaire solidaire de l'extrémité de ce prolongement opposée aux contacts et coulissant sur un troisième tube fixe solidaire du piston et disposé entre le premier et le deuxième tube, par ledit troisième tube et par le piston fixe, cette chambre supplémentaire étant divisée en deux sous-chambres par une pièce pesante coulissant librement entre le deuxiè et le troisième tube et poussée contre la partie annulaire en position de fermeture par un ressort disposé entre elle et le piston et un moyen de communication permanent de la chambre de compression avec la sous-chambre située entre la pièce coulissante et la partie annulaire étant prévu, l'effort exercé sur ladite pièce par le ressort étant inférieur à l'effort résultant de la pression du gaz chauffé au moment de l'apparition d'un arc lors de l'ouverture s'exerçant sur la face de ladite pièce limitant la sous-chambre située entre la pièce coulissante et la partie annulaire.To do this, according to the invention, the circuit breaker comprises an additional chamber delimited by an extension of the second tube, by an annular part secured to the end of this extension opposite to the contacts and sliding on a third fixed tube integral with the piston and disposed between the first and the second tube, by said third tube and by the fixed piston, this additional chamber being divided into two sub-chambers by a heavy piece sliding freely between the second and the third tube and pushed against the annular part in the closed position by a spring disposed between it and the piston and a means of permanent communication of the compression chamber with the sub-chamber situated between the sliding part and the annular part being provided , the force exerted on said part by the spring being less than the force resulting from the pressure of the heated gas at the time of the appearance of an arc during the opening being exerted on the face of said part limiting the sub-chamber located between the sliding part and the annular part.

De préference, une bague annulaire coulissante pourvue d'au moins un orifice traversant est disposée entre la partie coulissante et le piston, ledit ressort étant disposé entre ce piston et la bague et le troisième tube portant une butée fixe de fin de course de la bague poussée par le ressort.Preferably, a sliding annular ring provided with at least one through hole is disposed between the sliding part and the piston, said spring being disposed between this piston and the ring and the third tube carrying a fixed end stop of the ring. pushed by the spring.

Avantageusement, la dimension longitudinale de la pièce coulissante est inférieure à la distance entre la partie annulaire d'extrémité du deuxième tube et la butée fixe, en position ouverte.Advantageously, the longitudinal dimension of the sliding part is less than the distance between the annular end portion of the second tube and the fixed stop, in the open position.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, la pièce coulissante a une masse d'environ 5 kg.According to an exemplary embodiment, the sliding part has a mass of approximately 5 kg.

Ledit moyen de communication est, de préférence, constitué d'au moins un canal longitudinal réalisé dans le deuxième tube et débouchant d'une part dans la chambre de compression à proximité de la couronne et d'autre part dans ladite sous-chambre à proximité de la partie annulaire.Said means of communication is preferably made up of at least one longitudinal channel produced in the second tube and opening on the one hand into the compression chamber near the crown and on the other hand into said sub-chamber nearby of the annular part.

Le piston est pourvu d'au moins un premier orifice traversant reliant la chambre de compression et la chambre supplémentaire et pourvu d'un clapet anti-retour autorisant l'entrée du gaz dans la chambre de compression et d'au moins un deuxième orifice reliant la chambre supplémentaire et un espace compris entre le premier et le troisième tube, espace communiquant avec l'intérieur de l'enveloppe en début d'ouverture et pourvu d'un clapet anti-retour autorisant l'entrée du gaz dans la chambre supplémentaire.The piston is provided with at least a first through orifice connecting the compression chamber and the additional chamber and provided with a non-return valve allowing the entry of the gas into the compression chamber and of at least one second orifice connecting the additional chamber and a space between the first and the third tube, space communicating with the interior of the envelope at the start of opening and fitted with a non-return valve allowing gas to enter the additional chamber.

L'invention est décrite ci-après plus en détail à l'aide de figures ne représentant qu'un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention.The invention is described below in more detail using figures showing only a preferred embodiment of the invention.

La figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en position fermée.Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the closed position.

La figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en position de début d'ouverture.Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the opening start position.

La figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en position d'apparition de l'arc.Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the arc appearance position.

La figure 4 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en position de fin d'ouverture.Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the end of opening position.

La figure 5 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un disjoncteur conforme à l'invention en position ouverte.Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a circuit breaker according to the invention in the open position.

Le disjoncteur représenté sur les figures comprend, de façon classique, une enveloppe isolante 1 remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, deux contacts d'arc 3A, 7A coopérant entre eux. Le contact 7A fait partie d'un ensemble de contact mobile solidaire d'un organe de manoeuvre 6 et adapté pour être déplacé axialement dans l'enveloppe 1 entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture. L'ensemble de contact mobile est constitué par un premier tube 7 portant à son extrémité le contact d'arc mobile 7A et un deuxième tube 8 coaxial au premier tube 7 pour délimiter, de part et d'autre d'une couronne 9 reliant le premier et le deuxième tubes, une chambre d'expansion 17 fermée par une buse de soufflage 10 et une chambre de compression 18 communiquant par l'intermédiaire d'un orifice traversant 2 avec la chambre d'expansion et fermée par un piston 11 fixe. Le disjoncteur peut également comporter un contact permanent 14 coopérant avec l'extrémité 8A du deuxième tube 8 formant contact permanent mobile.The circuit breaker shown in the figures comprises, in a conventional manner, an insulating envelope 1 filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts 3A, 7A cooperating with each other. The contact 7A is part of a movable contact assembly secured to an operating member 6 and adapted to be moved axially in the casing 1 between a closed position and an open position. The movable contact assembly is constituted by a first tube 7 carrying at its end the movable arcing contact 7A and a second tube 8 coaxial with the first tube 7 to delimit, on either side of a ring 9 connecting the first and second tubes, an expansion chamber 17 closed by a blowing nozzle 10 and a compression chamber 18 communicating via a through orifice 2 with the expansion chamber and closed by a fixed piston 11. The circuit breaker may also include a permanent contact 14 cooperating with the end 8A of the second tube 8 forming a movable permanent contact.

Le piston fixe 11 est porté par un troisième tube 4 fixe qui est disposé entre le premier 7 et le deuxième tube 8 et qui est coaxial à ceux-ci et de diamètre légèrement supérieur à celui du premier tube 7. Ce troisième tube est solidaire par exemple d'une bride 5 fixe qui peut constituer une prise de courant du disjoncteur et sur laquelle coulisse par l'intermédiaire d'un joint 25 le premier tube 7. L'espace existant entre le premier 7 et le troisième tube 4 communique en début d'ouverture avec l'intérieur du disjoncteur par une lumière 12 réalisée dans le premier tube 7.The fixed piston 11 is carried by a third fixed tube 4 which is arranged between the first 7 and the second tube 8 and which is coaxial with these and of diameter slightly greater than that of the first tube 7. This third tube is secured by example of a fixed flange 5 which can constitute an outlet for the circuit breaker and on which slides the first tube 7 through a joint 25. The space existing between the first 7 and the third tube 4 communicates at the start opening with the inside of the circuit breaker by a light 12 made in the first tube 7.

Le deuxième tube 8 comporte un prolongement 8B situé du côté du piston 11 opposé aux contacts 3A, 7A et qui comporte à son extrémité une partie annulaire 8C coulissante sur le troisième tube 4 par l'intermédiaire d'un joint glissant 13.The second tube 8 has an extension 8B situated on the side of the piston 11 opposite the contacts 3A, 7A and which comprises at its end an annular part 8C sliding on the third tube 4 by means of a sliding seal 13.

Le prolongement 8B, la partie annulaire 8C, le troisième tube 4 et le piston 11 délimite une chambre supplémentaire qui est divisée en deux sous-chambres 15 et 16 par une pièce 19 montée libre entre le prolongement 8B du deuxième tube 8 et le troisième tube 4. Cette pièce 19 est relativement pesante, par exemple peut avoir une masse d'environ 5 kg. En position de fermeture, comme visible sur la figure 1, elle est poussée contre la partie annulaire 8C par un ressort 20 disposé entre elle et le piston 11. Entre le ressort 20 et la pièce 19 est disposée une bague annulaire 21 coulissante entre le deuxième tube 8 et le troisième tube 4 et pourvue d'au moins un orifice traversant 22. La course de cette bague 21 est limitée par une bride 23 porté par le troisième tube 4 et constituant une butée de fin de course de la bague 21 poussée par le ressort 20.The extension 8B, the annular part 8C, the third tube 4 and the piston 11 delimits an additional chamber which is divided into two sub-chambers 15 and 16 by a part 19 mounted freely between the extension 8B of the second tube 8 and the third tube 4. This part 19 is relatively heavy, for example may have a mass of about 5 kg. In the closed position, as visible in FIG. 1, it is pushed against the annular part 8C by a spring 20 disposed between it and the piston 11. Between the spring 20 and the part 19 is an annular ring 21 sliding between the second tube 8 and the third tube 4 and provided with at least one through orifice 22. The stroke of this ring 21 is limited by a flange 23 carried by the third tube 4 and constituting an end-of-travel stop for the ring 21 pushed by spring 20.

La pièce 19 est constituée d'un cylindre métallique de section annulaire et sa hauteur ou dimension longitudinale est inférieure à la distance entre la partie annulaire 8C et la butée fixe 23, en position d'ouverture, comme visible sur la figure 5. Cette dimension est par contre supérieure à cette distance en position de fermeture, comme visible sur la figure 1. La pièce 19 présente donc une alésage de diamètre réduit à son extrémité tournée vers les contacts pour permettre son passage au-delà de la butée 23.The part 19 consists of a metal cylinder of annular section and its height or longitudinal dimension is less than the distance between the annular part 8C and the fixed stop 23, in the open position, as visible in FIG. 5. This dimension on the other hand, is greater than this distance in the closed position, as can be seen in FIG. 1. The part 19 therefore has a bore of reduced diameter at its end turned towards the contacts to allow it to pass beyond the stop 23.

Le deuxième tube 8 est percé d'au moins un canal longitudinal 24 constituant un moyen de communication de la chambre de compression 18 et de la sous-chambre 16. Pour ce faire, ce canal 24 débouche d'une part dans la chambre de compression 18 à proximité de la couronne 9 et d'autre part dans la sous-chambre 16 à proximité de la partie annulaire 8C.The second tube 8 is pierced with at least one longitudinal channel 24 constituting a means of communication between the compression chamber 18 and the sub-chamber 16. To do this, this channel 24 opens firstly into the compression chamber 18 near the crown 9 and on the other hand in the sub-chamber 16 near the annular part 8C.

Le piston 11 est pourvu d'au moins un premier orifice 27 traversant reliant la chambre de compression 18 et la sous-chambre 15 et pourvu d'un clapet anti-retour 28 autorisant l'entrée du gaz dans la chambre de compression 18 et d'au moins un deuxième orifice 29 reliant la chambre supplémentaire et un espace 30 compris entre le premier 7 et le troisième 4 tube, espace communiquant avec l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 1 en début d'ouverture et pourvu d'un clapet anti-retour 31 autorisant l'entrée du gaz dans la sous-chambre 15.The piston 11 is provided with at least a first through orifice 27 connecting the compression chamber 18 and the sub-chamber 15 and provided with a non-return valve 28 allowing the entry of gas into the compression chamber 18 and d '' at least a second orifice 29 connecting the additional chamber and a space 30 between the first 7 and the third 4 tube, space communicating with the interior of the casing 1 at the start of opening and provided with a non-return valve return 31 authorizing the entry of gas into the sub-chamber 15.

Le ressort 20 est choisi de telle sorte que l'effort exercé sur ladite pièce 19 par le ressort 20 est inférieur à l'effort résultant de la pression du gaz chauffé au moment de l'apparition d'un arc lors de l'ouverture s'exerçant sur la face de ladite pièce limitant la sous-chambre 16 située entre la pièce coulissante 19 et la partie annulaire 8C.The spring 20 is chosen so that the force exerted on said part 19 by the spring 20 is less than the force resulting from the pressure of the heated gas at the time of the appearance of an arc during the opening s 'exerting on the face of said part limiting the sub-chamber 16 located between the sliding part 19 and the annular part 8C.

Le fonctionnement du disjoncteur lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture est décrit ci-après en référence aux figures.The operation of the circuit breaker during an opening operation is described below with reference to the figures.

Sur la figure 1, les contacts sont en position fermée. Le ressort 20 plaque la pièce 19 contre la partie annulaire 8C avec la bague 20 intercalée. La sous-chambre 16 située entre la pièce 19 et la partie annulaire 8C est de volume nul. Les pressions étant équilibrées, les clapets 28 et 31 sont fermés.In Figure 1, the contacts are in the closed position. The spring 20 presses the part 19 against the annular part 8C with the ring 20 inserted. The sub-chamber 16 located between the part 19 and the annular part 8C is of zero volume. The pressures being balanced, the valves 28 and 31 are closed.

Sur la figure 2, représentant le début de l'ouverture, les contacts permanents 8A et 14 sont séparés et les contacts d'arc 7A et 3A commencent à se séparer également. L'ensemble mobile étant déplacé, la compression commence dans la chambre 18, le gaz venant par l'orifice 2, la chambre d'expansion 17 et la buse 10 lécher les contacts d'arc 7A et 3A. La partie annulaire 8C est décollée de la pièce 19 (pour permettre ce décollement, de façon connue, la pièce 19 est pourvue de rainures radiales sur sa face tournée vers la pièce annulaire 8C) et celle-ci est poussée vers cette partie annulaire 8C par l'effort exercé par le ressort 20. La sous-chambre 15 augmente donc de volume et il y est crée une dépression entraînant l'ouverture du clapet 31, du gaz contenu dans l'enveloppe 1 remplissant cette sous-chambre 15 en passant dans l'orifice 12 prévu dans le tube 7, dans l'espace 30 entre les tubes 7 et 4 et dans l'orifice 29.In FIG. 2, showing the start of the opening, the permanent contacts 8A and 14 are separated and the arcing contacts 7A and 3A also begin to separate. The movable assembly being moved, compression begins in the chamber 18, the gas coming through the orifice 2, the expansion chamber 17 and the nozzle 10 licking the arcing contacts 7A and 3A. The annular part 8C is detached from the part 19 (to allow this detachment, in known manner, the part 19 is provided with radial grooves on its face facing the annular part 8C) and the latter is pushed towards this annular part 8C by the force exerted by the spring 20. The sub-chamber 15 therefore increases in volume and a vacuum is created there, causing the valve 31 to open, gas contained in the envelope 1 filling this sub-chamber 15 passing through the orifice 12 provided in the tube 7, in the space 30 between the tubes 7 and 4 and in the orifice 29.

A l'apparition de l'arc tel que représenté sur la figure 3, le gaz est chauffé par celui-ci et il en résulte une montée en pression dans la chambre d'expansion 17, dans la chambre de compression 18 et dans la sous-chambre 16 par l'intermédiaire du canal 24. La pièce 19 est alors poussée par l'effort exercé par cette pression, le ressort 20 étant choisi pour exercer alors un effort inférieur. Cependant, le déplacement de la pièce 29 est ralenti par son inertie, de sorte que la sous-chambre 16 ne connaît qu'une augmentation de volume faible, ce qui évite de faire trop baisser la pression dans les chambres 17 et 18. Le gaz est comprimé dans la sous-chambre 15 dont le volume est alors réduit.When the arc appears as shown in FIG. 3, the gas is heated by it and this results in a rise in pressure in the expansion chamber 17, in the compression chamber 18 and in the under chamber 16 via the channel 24. The part 19 is then pushed by the force exerted by this pressure, the spring 20 being chosen to then exert a lower force. However, the movement of the part 29 is slowed down by its inertia, so that the sub-chamber 16 experiences only a small increase in volume, which avoids causing the pressure in the chambers 17 and 18 to drop too low. is compressed in the sub-chamber 15, the volume of which is then reduced.

La pression exercée par effet de fond sur les parois mobiles 8, 9 de la chambre 18 est donc, à l'apparition de l'arc, équilibrée par la pression exercée sur la paroi annulaire 8C. L'effet de freinage subi par un disjoncteur classique et nécessitant une énergie de manoeuvre importante est ainsi supprimé.The pressure exerted by bottom effect on the movable walls 8, 9 of the chamber 18 is therefore, at the appearance of the arc, balanced by the pressure exerted on the wall 8C ring finger. The braking effect undergone by a conventional circuit breaker and requiring significant operating energy is thus eliminated.

La manoeuvre d'ouverture étant continuée comme représentée sur la figure 4, l'arc est soufflé et le courant annulé. La pression diminue dans la chambre d'expansion 17, dans la chambre de compression 18 et dans la sous-chambre 16. L'effort du ressort 20 devient alors prépondérant et il pousse la pièce 19 vers la partie annulaire 8C. Compte-tenu du poids de cette pièce 19, elle est entraînée par sa propre inertie dans ce mouvement et se détache de la bague 21 qui vient se bloquer en fin de course contre la butée 23. La sous-chambre 15, dont le volume augmente, est remplie de gaz par l'orifice 29.The opening maneuver being continued as shown in Figure 4, the arc is blown and the current canceled. The pressure decreases in the expansion chamber 17, in the compression chamber 18 and in the sub-chamber 16. The force of the spring 20 then becomes preponderant and it pushes the part 19 towards the annular part 8C. Given the weight of this part 19, it is driven by its own inertia in this movement and detaches from the ring 21 which comes to lock at the end of the race against the stop 23. The sub-chamber 15, whose volume increases , is filled with gas through port 29.

La pièce 19 vient se plaquer contre la partie annulaire 8C comme représenté sur la figure 5, annulant le volume de la sous-chambre 16. Tout le gaz contenu dans cette sous-chambre 16 est donc évacué par le canal 24 dans la chambre de compression 18, jusqu'à la fin de l'ouverture, puisque ce canal 24 débouche à proximité de la couronne 9. L'invention permet donc de prolonger le soufflage entre les positions représentés sur les figures 4 et 5, empêchant tout réamorçage de l'arc.The part 19 is pressed against the annular part 8C as shown in FIG. 5, canceling the volume of the sub-chamber 16. All the gas contained in this sub-chamber 16 is therefore evacuated through the channel 24 in the compression chamber 18, until the end of the opening, since this channel 24 opens near the crown 9. The invention therefore makes it possible to extend the blowing between the positions shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, preventing any re-ignition of the bow.

La bague 21 ne sert qu'à limiter la course du ressort 20, afin de réduire l'énergie lors de l'enclenchement. Cette bague 21 peut donc éventuelement être supprimée, ne participant pas à l'effet de contre-réaction sur la paroi annulaire 8C.The ring 21 only serves to limit the stroke of the spring 20, in order to reduce the energy during engagement. This ring 21 can therefore possibly be eliminated, not participating in the feedback effect on the annular wall 8C.

Claims (6)

Disjoncteur du type à auto-soufflage à axe longitudinal horizontal, comprenant une enveloppe (1) remplie d'un gaz diélectrique sous pression, deux contacts d'arc (3A, 7A) coopérant entre eux, l'un (7A) faisant partie d'un ensemble de contact mobile solidaire d'un organe de manoeuvre (6) et adapté pour être déplacé axialement dans l'enveloppe entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture, l'ensemble de contact mobile étant constitué par un premier tube (7) portant à son extrémité le contact d'arc mobile (7A) et un deuxième tube (8) coaxial au premier tube pour délimiter, de part et d'autre d'une couronne (9) reliant le premier et le deuxième tube, une chambre d'expansion (17) fermée par une buse de soufflage (10) et une chambre de compression (18) communiquant avec la chambre de soufflage et fermée par un piston (11) fixe, disjoncteur caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une chambre supplémentaire délimitée par un prolongement (8B) du deuxième tube (8), par une partie annulaire (8C) solidaire de l'extrémité de ce prolongement (8B) opposée aux contacts et coulissant sur un troisième tube fixe (4) solidaire du piston (11) et disposé entre le premier (7) et le deuxième (8) tube, par ledit troisième tube (4) et par le piston fixe (11), cette chambre supplémentaire étant divisée en deux sous-chambres (15, 16) par une pièce pesante (19) coulissant librement entre le deuxième (8) et le troisième (4) tube et poussée contre la partie annulaire (8C) en position de fermeture par un ressort (20) disposé entre elle et le piston et un moyen de communication permanent de la chambre de compression (18) avec la sous-chambre (16) située entre la pièce coulissante (19) et la partie annulaire (8C) étant prévu, l'effort exercé sur ladite pièce (19) par le ressort (20) étant inférieur à l'effort résultant de la pression du gaz chauffé au moment de l'apparition d'un arc lors de l'ouverture s'exerçant sur la face de ladite pièce limitant la sous-chambre (16) située entre la pièce coulissante (19) et la partie annulaire (8C).Self-blowing type circuit breaker with horizontal longitudinal axis, comprising a casing (1) filled with a dielectric gas under pressure, two arcing contacts (3A, 7A) cooperating with each other, one (7A) being part of '' a movable contact assembly secured to an operating member (6) and adapted to be moved axially in the envelope between a closed position and an open position, the movable contact assembly being constituted by a first tube (7) carrying at its end the movable arcing contact (7A) and a second tube (8) coaxial with the first tube to delimit, on either side of a crown (9) connecting the first and the second tube , an expansion chamber (17) closed by a blowing nozzle (10) and a compression chamber (18) communicating with the blowing chamber and closed by a fixed piston (11), circuit breaker characterized in that it comprises an additional chamber delimited by an extension (8B) of the second tube (8), by an annular part (8C) integral with the end of this extension (8B) opposite the contacts and sliding on a third fixed tube (4) integral with the piston (11) and disposed between the first (7) and the second (8 ) tube, by said third tube (4) and by the fixed piston (11), this additional chamber being divided into two sub-chambers (15, 16) by a heavy piece (19) sliding freely between the second (8) and the third (4) tube and pushed against the annular part (8C) in the closed position by a spring (20) disposed between it and the piston and a means of permanent communication of the compression chamber (18) with the sub-chamber (16) located between the sliding part (19) and the annular part (8C) being provided, the force exerted on said part (19) by the spring (20) being less than the force resulting from the pressure of the heated gas when an arc appears when opening acting on the face of said part limiting the sub-chamber (16) located between the sliding part (19) and the annular part (8C). Disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une bague annulaire coulissante (21) pourvue d'au moins un orifice (22) traversant est disposée entre la partie coulissante (19) et le piston (11), ledit ressort (20) étant disposé entre ce piston (11) et la bague (21) et le troisième tube (4) portant une butée fixe (23) de fin de course de la bague (21) poussée par le ressort (20).Circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that a sliding annular ring (21) provided with at least one through hole (22) is disposed between the sliding part (19) and the piston (11), said spring (20) being disposed between this piston (11) and the ring (21) and the third tube (4) carrying a fixed end stop (23) for the end of travel of the ring (21) pushed by the spring (20). Disjoncteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la dimension longitudinale de la pièce coulissante (19) est inférieure à la distance entre la partie annulaire (8C) d'extrémité du deuxième tube (8) et la butée fixe (23), en position ouverte.Circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that the longitudinal dimension of the sliding part (19) is less than the distance between the annular part (8C) of the end of the second tube (8) and the fixed stop (23), open position. Disjoncteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la pièce coulissante (19) a une masse d'environ 5 kg.Circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that the sliding part (19) has a mass of approximately 5 kg. Disjoncteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen de communication est constitué d'au moins un canal longitudinal (24) réalisé dans le deuxième tube (8) et débouchant d'une part dans la chambre de compression (18) à proximité de la couronne (9) et d'autre part dans ladite sous-chambre (16) à proximité de la partie annulaire (8C).Circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said communication means consists of at least one longitudinal channel (24) produced in the second tube (8) and opening out on the one hand into the compression chamber (18 ) near the crown (9) and on the other hand in said sub-chamber (16) near the annular part (8C). Disjoncteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le piston (11) est pourvu d'au moins un premier orifice (27) traversant reliant la chambre de compression (18) et la chambre supplémentaire et pourvu d'un clapet anti-retour (28) autorisant l'entrée du gaz dans la chambre de compression (18) et d'au moins un deuxième orifice (29) reliant la chambre supplémentaire et un espace (30) compris entre le premier (7) et le troisième (4) tube, espace communiquant avec l'intérieur de l'enveloppe (1) en début d'ouverture et pourvu d'un clapet anti-retour (31) autorisant l'entrée du gaz dans la chambre supplémentaire.Circuit breaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston (11) is provided with at least a first through-orifice (27) connecting the compression chamber (18) and the additional chamber and provided with a check valve -return (28) allowing the entry of gas into the compression chamber (18) and at least one second orifice (29) connecting the additional chamber and a space (30) between the first (7) and the third (4) tube, space communicating with the interior of the envelope (1) at the start of opening and provided with a valve non-return valve (31) allowing gas to enter the additional chamber.
EP96402636A 1995-12-14 1996-12-05 High voltage circuit breaker with a reduced driving energy Withdrawn EP0779638A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9514864 1995-12-14
FR9514864A FR2742576B1 (en) 1995-12-14 1995-12-14 HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH REDUCED POWER

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EP0779638A1 true EP0779638A1 (en) 1997-06-18

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EP96402636A Withdrawn EP0779638A1 (en) 1995-12-14 1996-12-05 High voltage circuit breaker with a reduced driving energy

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EP (1) EP0779638A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2742576B1 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2400252A1 (en) * 1977-08-11 1979-03-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp DOUBLE ACTING PISTON GAS BLOW TYPE ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT SWITCH
DE3124075A1 (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-09-16 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCHING CHAMBER
EP0334181A1 (en) * 1988-03-23 1989-09-27 Gec Alsthom Sa High-tension switch with a reduced driving energy

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2400252A1 (en) * 1977-08-11 1979-03-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp DOUBLE ACTING PISTON GAS BLOW TYPE ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT SWITCH
DE3124075A1 (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-09-16 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCHING CHAMBER
EP0334181A1 (en) * 1988-03-23 1989-09-27 Gec Alsthom Sa High-tension switch with a reduced driving energy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2742576A1 (en) 1997-06-20
FR2742576B1 (en) 1998-01-09

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