EP0778377A1 - Windproof structure and assembly method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The roof has a wind excluding membrane of overlapping rolls of flexible sheet materials unwound in parallel strips (5,6,7) across the roof boarding (2). The sheets are laid to cover the transverse roofing laths and held on to the laths without penetration by the clipping action of a decking piece (8). The decking pieces are U-shaped and are sized to fit on top of and along the length of the laths and clamp on to lathe sides. The overlapping edges of the strips of sheet material are securely held and protected during installation of the tiles (4) and completion of the roof construction.

Description

The invention relates to a windproof roof structure according to the preamble of claim 1, and an assembly method according to the preamble of claim 10, in particular for the renovation of old roofs.

A well-known windproof roof structure consists of rafters and battens as well as roof covering panels suspended from them with noses. Flat wind-blocking elements are attached under the roof covering panels.

It is known that with roofs that are not windproof, there is a high loss of thermal energy due to convection. The requirement for a windproof roof structure to save energy is therefore already laid down in regulations. When building new roofs on new buildings, wind-tightness is achieved, for example, by overlapping sheets of a roof membrane being rolled out across the rafters as a tensioning membrane and fastened to the rafters with counter battens. In the case of roofs with roof formwork, it is also known to roll out a roof foil on the roof formwork and also to fasten this with counter battens. The overlapping film edges are sealed with further measures, for example by gluing. The roof battens are then installed transversely on the counter battens and the roof covering panels are hung in. Show such roofs with continuous roof foil good windproofness and airtightness against flying snow, whereby water on the roof membrane is drained down to the eaves between two roof sections or counter battens.

However, a windproof refurbishment of old building roofs is a particular problem. Storage spaces are increasingly being converted into living spaces in the course of the densification of living space, or storage that has already been removed is being used as living space. When dismantling, the prescribed thermal insulation in connection with a windproof construction is required. Even in old buildings, where the storage rooms are not used as living space, it is advisable to retrofit a windbreak as part of a renovation to save energy.

A first, very complex renovation method is to clear away the old building roof including the roofing slabs and the roof battens except for the sections and to assemble the roof completely like a new building with a wind barrier, as shown above.

It is usually not possible to install a complete wind barrier from the inside without measures on the roof skin and cannot be done at all with roofs already removed.

There are also a number of cassette systems on the market (for example DE 33 38 162 A1) for the renovation of old roofs for improved windproofness. For this purpose, the roof covering slabs are covered in strips, with the roof battens remaining attached to the sections. A foil shell is hung between two opposite battens, which rests on the battens with longitudinal edges. Insulation boards can be inserted into these foil trays, for example with a slat thickness.

Such film trays have only a small width, are lined up side by side in a cassette shape and require complicated edge fold designs in the side area for water drainage and wind sealing. In these cassette systems, the film trays only lie on top of one another in the overlapping areas and are not connected there. With a square meter of covered area, there are up to 10 running meters of partly wind-leaky covering joints. This means that the required windproofness, e.g. according to DIN, not possible.

Another disadvantage is that the film trays are pulled and thus only diffusion-closed films can be used, although film trays that are open to diffusion in terms of building physics would be cheaper, particularly with inserted insulation boards.

In addition, different slat distances require different film trays with adapted dimensions, since otherwise the film trays either do not fit between the slats or only insufficiently bridge the distance between the slats. If the slat spacing on the same roof varies, as is the case on old roofs, tolerance compensation with such film shells is only possible to a limited extent. An adjustment to different slat heights is hardly possible due to the given film shell depth. If the film trays have to be pulled with relatively large slat spacing during installation, insulation weak spots arise because inserted insulation boards are only in the recessed area of the film trays. The standing seams on the sides can also hinder the hanging of roofing panels.

An advantage of this known roof renovation with cassette systems, however, is the relatively low cost of covering, since the roof battens can remain on the divisions and a strip-like covering is possible. In addition, the roof structure is not increased, so that original connections, for example chimney connections, connections to roof structures, etc. do not have to be changed if they are in good condition and can be used again immediately. However, only limited windproofness is achieved with this.

Another well-known sub-roof for roofs covered with roofing panels (DE-AS 17 59 073) consists of a plastic film laid on the roof battens, which is held in place by the hanging tabs of the roofing panels. In addition, the plastic film is covered with heat-insulating elements that fill up the spaces between the roof battens. The plastic film extends from the ridge to the eaves and is intended to seal the roof. Laying a large-area plastic film from the ridge to the eaves, which is then only held by the roofing slabs, should be possible only with great difficulty, particularly in the case of wind movements, so that such a roof structure has not been used in practice. When laying foil sheets lying next to each other, there are overlaps in the first eaves direction, which in the covered state either have openings, e.g. by folding or opening with wind movements. Windproofness according to modern requirements is not possible here. The water and windproof gluing of the individual film webs in the first eaves direction is very problematic in practice. Water can remain, especially behind the slat edge, and therefore places the highest demands on permanent sealing. Tensions and wind particularly complicate this type of installation. With regard to such a film arrangement, it is further known (DE-OS 20 05 198) to obtain improved storage of additional thermal insulation layers by a special configuration of the battens.

In contrast, the object of the invention is to use simple means to create a windproof roof structure with a gapless and largely adhesive-free structure To create a wind barrier and to propose a suitable, simple and inexpensive assembly process.

This object is achieved with regard to the windproof roof structure with the features of claim 1 and with regard to the assembly method with the features of claim 10.

According to claim 1, a roof foil is used as the wind blocking element, which is applied to the roof surface area-wide in overlapping foil webs that can be unwound from foil rolls, in such a way that the foil webs are laid one on top of the other from the foil rolls in stripes over the roof battens and with overlapping edges on the roof battens and are fixed with holding means. The holding means are section-wise, cross-sectionally U-shaped clamping profiles that can be plugged onto the roof batten from above and are lined up on the roof batten. This results in a tight connection and fixing of the film webs as well as stable tread edges and film protection during assembly.

This provides a complete wind barrier especially for renovations of old roofs, whereby the roof structure is not increased overall. The wind barrier can be attached easily and inexpensively, since the roof battens do not have to be removed and the roof covering plates only have to be covered.

The attachment and installation of the roof foil is easy thanks to the clamping profile, whereby the clamping profile connects overlapping foil sheets in a windproof manner and fixes them to the roof batten. The clamping profiles also result in tread edges on the roof battens, so that the roof surface can be walked on without damaging the rolled-out film webs. In addition, thanks to the clamping profile, there is a step as a hanging and support surface for the noses of the roofing slabs created on the roof battens, so that the film sheets are also protected against injury from the lugs of the roofing slabs.

Overall, according to the invention, a complete wind blockage of a roof is possible, which can be produced on all roofs, but in particular with little effort in connection with a covering and renovation of an old building roof. Strong thermal insulation can, if necessary and the rafter spaces are accessible, preferably be installed from the inside of the roof.

The laying of the roofing film becomes particularly simple if the film rolls only have a width corresponding to only one roof distance plus an upper and a lower overlap edge. With a slat spacing z. B. from 36 cm from the top edge of the slat to the top edge of the slat results in a suitable film web width of approx. 50 cm taking into account the usual slat thicknesses and slat widths. With their overlapping edges, these foil webs lay around the roof battens without further tension, so that the clamping profiles hold well. A running of the long foil webs to be unrolled is practically impossible due to their small width or can be easily compensated for due to the small width. Likewise, bends in battens and different battens thicknesses, which are often found in old roof renovations, can be easily compensated for. Even with these film webs of small width, a practically adhesive-free installation is only possible with clamping profiles, whereby glue points may only be necessary at passageways such as windows, fans, etc.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the rolled-up film webs are secured on the film rolls so that they can be rolled off at least at the edge by an adhesive. This allows the film rolls, which have already been partially unrolled stay on steep roofs without additional roll-off protection. Such roll-off protection can be achieved by means of a narrow adhesive strip which is also rolled up when the film roll is rolled up. Another simple measure is to place an edge of the rolled-up film about 2-3 cm in an adhesive such. B. to dip a wallpaper glue. Since the required roof foils are supplied on the foil rolls in the length of the previously measured roof width so that they do not have any first eaves overlaps, a narrow adhesive strip can, for example, be rolled up without any additional work after measuring and rewinding. As a result, the film rolls are easy to unroll and still do not slide off the roof.

Depending on the requirements, a diffusion-open or diffusion-closed roof foil can be used. If an additional thermal insulation is used on the roof foil between two adjacent roof battens, a diffusion-open roof foil according to claim 4 is to be preferred, particularly in connection with an internal insulation, the roof foil lying between the thermal insulation elements. In previous cassette systems with load-bearing film trays, this is not possible, since films that are open to diffusion cannot generally be drawn into film trays.

With the features of claim 5, a concrete design of a clamping profile is proposed, which absorbs and compensates for slat tolerances by adapting to the roof battens and can be clamped on simply and quickly because of the insertion bevels. For mechanical protection of the foils and easy sliding, it is also expedient according to claim 6 to make the free U-legs smooth and easy to slide.

The U-shape of the clamping profiles means that the roof membrane is held between the roof battens in one level below the top of the roof battens. This creates a continuous free space that according to claim 7 is well suited for inserting thermal insulation. A compressible thermal insulation is preferably used, which according to claim 8 can consist in particular of mineral wool panels with a thickness corresponding to the height of the roof battens or the U-leg length. Due to the compressibility, the roof battens can be sealed tightly. In addition, the lugs of the roofing panels press into the thermal insulation without hindrance.

However, rigid insulation panels can also be used as thermal insulation, which may have a cutout in the area of the roof panel lugs.

In an advantageous embodiment of the clamping profile according to claim 9, its U-shape has a first, freely projecting longitudinal web as an extension of the U-base in the direction of the eaves, under which a ridge-side edge of thermal insulation can be inserted. This ensures that the inserted thermal insulation boards are held securely and easily during assembly and later.

In addition to the use of compressible mineral wool panels, two-part thermal insulation panels made of rigid material are also suitable according to claim 10, the two parts of which are movable and prestressed against one another in the first eaves direction. When such thermal insulation panels are attached, their two parts are pushed together and the ridge-side edge is inserted under a longitudinal web of a clamping profile, if necessary.

With the features of claim 11, a suitable assembly method is specified, which is particularly suitable for renovating an old roof:

In a first process step, a roof strip twice the width of a roof covering strip is made from the covered right roof side covered from the eaves to the ridge and the roofing slabs are removed from the roof and stored temporarily. Such a roof covering strip can have a width of 2 or 3 roof covering plates, for example, when covering with roof tiles.

In a further process step, from the right roof side, starting from the bottom, a film sheet the width of a roof covering strip is unrolled from a film roll over the roof battens, fixed on the right roof side and fastened windproof with the overlapping overlap edges on the assigned roof battens using a clamping profile. The clamping profile has approximately the length corresponding to the width of a roof covering strip. The individual film rolls remain on top of each other on the roof battens. In the case of not too steep roofs, these film rolls hold without further measures. The roll-off protection according to claim 3 is advantageously used so that the film rolls do not slip even on the steepest roofs.

In a third process step, insulation boards are inserted between the roof battens in the width of a roof lath spacing and in a length approximately corresponding to the width of a roof covering strip in the area of the rolled-up film webs.

In a further process step, this roof covering strip prepared in this way is then covered again with roof covering plates which are taken from an adjacent roof area which has not yet been covered.

One roof covering strip is uncovered one after the other and covered again after the foil sheets and insulation panels have been attached. The last left roof covering strip is then covered with the roof covering plates which were initially removed from the roof.

This assembly process can be carried out quickly and easily, in particular even with strong wind movements, and excellent windproofness is achieved largely without adhesive.

The invention is explained in more detail with the aid of a drawing, with further details, features and advantages.

Fig. 1

eine Draufsicht auf eine erste Ausführungsform eines Dachaufbaus mit teilweise bereits verlegten, querverlaufenden Dachfolienbahnen,

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch ein aufgestecktes Klemmprofil entlang der Linie A-A aus Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf ein teilweise umgedecktes, saniertes Dach einer zweiten Ausführungsform, und

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht des Dachaufbaus nach Fig. 3.

Show it:

Fig. 1

1 shows a top view of a first embodiment of a roof structure with partially already laid, transverse roof foil sheets,

Fig. 2

3 shows a cross section through an attached clamping profile along the line AA from FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

a plan view of a partially covered, refurbished roof of a second embodiment, and

Fig. 4

3 shows a side view of the roof structure according to FIG. 3.

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a roof side 1 of an old building roof. On the left side is the original, previously common roof construction, in which only rafters 3 are attached to rafters 2, which are covered directly with roofing panels 4. Such a roof structure is to be improved with regard to windproofness, snow reliability and thermal insulation, as shown in the right part of FIG. 1.

At the beginning of the renovation, the roof is covered in a right, relatively wide edge strip. These covered roofing sheets are removed from the roof and stored. In the case shown, the Row by roll of three film webs 5, 6, 7 from bottom to top and covering the corresponding rolls in the area of the uncovered strip and fixed with clamping profiles 8. Then mineral wool panels 9 are inserted as thermal insulation. This strip is then covered with the finished sub-roof with roofing slabs that are removed from the originally covered area. In strips, the entire roof is renovated from right to left.

In Fig. 2, a cross section along the line A-A is shown enlarged. From this it can be seen that the film web 5 is guided over the roof batten 3 and is fixed to the roof batten 3 by the clamping profile 8.

The clamping profile 8 is U-shaped in cross section. The U-base 10 merges at right angles into the ridge-side U-leg 11 without prestressing, so that there a 90 ° angle always lies exactly on the upper slat edge and forms an exact continuous hanging step for roof panel lugs 12 of a (only partially shown) roof covering panel 4 .

As an extension of the U-base 10 towards the eaves, a freely projecting longitudinal web 13 is formed, under which a U-leg 14 on the eaves side runs backwards as a clamping leg with prestress, a wedge-shaped free space 15 possibly remaining depending on the slat dimensions and tolerance. The free U-leg edges are bent up to bevels 16.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, a ridge-side edge of a mineral wool panel 9 is held down by the longitudinal web 13, while an eave-side edge of a mineral wool panel 9 a is held by the roof panel nose 12.

The height of the U-legs corresponds approximately to the height of a 24-piece roof batten (shown in broken lines). This profile can also be used for a higher, 30 mm (or thicker) roof batten, as can be seen in FIG. 2.

FIG. 3 shows a roof structure which is similar in principle to that shown in FIG. 1, but the film webs 5, 6, 7 used are narrower and, in conjunction with overlapping edges, only extend over a slat distance in the first eaves direction.

In the corresponding, sectional side view of FIG. 4 of a part of the roof structure according to FIG. 3, roof battens 3, 3a are mounted on a rafter 2 in the transverse direction. A lower film web 5, a middle film web 6 and an upper film web 7 then run over the rafters 2 and the roof battens 3, 3a. The lower film web 5 extends over the crossbar 3 and is covered with a lower covering edge of the middle film web 6 and fixed there with a clamping profile 8. Correspondingly, the upper film web 7 overlaps the middle film web 6 in the area of the upper slat 3a, wherein there is also a fixation with a clamping profile 8a. A roof covering plate 4 is suspended with a roof plate nose 12 on the ridge-side edge of the clamping profile 8.

Compressible mineral wool panels 9, 9a or two-part thermal insulation panels 18 are inserted between adjacent roof battens 3 as thermal insulation, the thickness of which corresponds approximately to the roof battens height. The thermal insulation panel 18 here consists of two parts 18a and 18b which are preloaded against one another in the first eaves direction by means of a spring arrangement 19.

The assembly method for this roof structure is explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 3:

From the originally covered right roof side, a roof strip 20 has been covered approximately twice the width of a roof covering strip 21 from the eaves to the ridge, and the roof covering plates 4 have been removed from the roof and stored temporarily. The roof covering strip 21 here has the width of approximately two roof covering plates 4.

From the right-hand side of the roof and from below, film webs 5, 6, 7 of the width of the roof covering strip 21 are rolled off from the associated film roll. At the beginning of the first roof covering strip, the foil sheet must be fixed on the right side of the roof, for example by tacking; in the already advanced covering, as shown in FIG. 3, the right edge of the film web is already held by the clamping profiles 8 and the roof panels 4 placed on top.

At the overlapping overlapping edges, the film webs 5, 6, 7 are fastened in a windproof manner by fitting the clamping profiles 8. The clamping profiles 8 have approximately the length of a roof covering strip 21. The film rolls assigned to the film webs 5, 6, 7, etc. remain one above the other on the left side of the roof covering strip being processed, as can be seen in FIG. 3.

Then insulation panels, here mineral wool panels 9, are inserted in the width of the roof covering strip 21 between adjacent roof battens or clamping profiles 8 and then the roof covering strip 21 is again covered with roof covering panels 4 from below. These roof covering plates 4 are brought over to the roof covering strip 21 from a left, adjacent, not yet covered roof area, similar to that shown in FIG. 1.

In this way, one roof covering strip 21 after the other is refurbished from right to left up to the left roof side. The last left Roof covering strip 21 is then covered with the roof covering plates 4 which were initially removed from the roof.

Claims (11)

Windproof roof structure with rafters (2) arranged in the first eaves direction and roof battens (3) running transversely thereto, and roof covering plates (4), and with flat wind blocking elements under the roofing panels (4), characterized, that a roof foil is used as the wind blocking element, which is applied to the roof surface area-wide in overlapping foil webs (5, 6, 7) that can be unwound from foil rolls that the film webs (5, 6, 7) from verge to verge of the film rolls in strips over the roof battens (3) and with overlapping edges on the roof battens (3) are laid one above the other and fixed with holding means, and that the holding means are section-wise, cross-sectionally U-shaped, on the roof battens (3) attachable from above clamping profiles (8) which are lined up on the roof battens (3), whereby a windproof connection and fixing of the film webs (5, 6 , 7) and stable tread edges and film protection can be achieved during assembly. Windproof roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the film rolls or the film webs (5, 6, 7) have a width corresponding to only one spacing of the roof battens plus an upper and a lower covering edge. Windproof roof structure according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the rolled-up film webs are secured on the film rolls so that they can be unrolled at least by an adhesive. Windproof roof structure according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a diffusion-open roof foil is used. Windproof roof structure according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the clamping profile (8) is an extruded profile made of plastic material, that its U-shape has a U-base (10), the inside width of which is somewhat larger than the width of a roof batten (3), and with two U-legs (11, 14) which are directed towards one another and can be spring-loaded against one another, wherein the U-legs (11, 14) have an internal width slightly smaller than the width of roof battens (3) and can be plugged on from above with a spring tension onto a roof battens (3) and to hold the overlapping edges of the foil webs (5, 6, 7) can be clamped, and that the free U-leg edges are issued laterally as insertion bevels (16). Holding means for fixing components of a sub-roof, according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the free ends of the U-legs (11, 14) are rounded off to slide edges and / or bent up to edge webs. Windproof roof structure according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that thermal insulation (9, 18) is inserted between two adjacent roof battens (3). Windproof roof structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the thermal insulation is compressible and preferably consists of mineral wool panels (9) with a thickness corresponding to the height of the roof battens. Windproof roof structure according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that the U-shape of the clamping profile (8) has a freely projecting longitudinal web (13) as an extension of the U-base (10) in the direction of the eaves, one of which has a ridge-side edge Thermal insulation (9) can be inserted. Windproof roof structure according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that two-part thermal insulation panels (18) made of rigid material are used, the two parts (18a, 18b) of which are movable and prestressed against one another in the first eaves direction. Assembly method for producing a windproof roof structure according to one of claims 1 to 10, in particular for the renovation of an old roof,
characterized, that a roof strip (20) approximately twice the width of a roof covering strip (21) is covered from the eaves to the ridge from the originally covered right roof side and the roof covering plates (4) are removed from the roof, that from the right roof side, starting from the bottom, sheeting (5, 6, 7) in the width of a roof covering strip (21) is rolled over from a film roll, fixed on the right roof side and with the overlapping overlapping edges on the associated roof battens (3) one clamping profile (8) each is attached in a windproof manner, the clamping profile (8) having approximately the length corresponding to the width of a roof covering strip (21) and the film rolls remaining one above the other, that insulation boards (9) with the width of a roof lath spacing and a length approximately corresponding to the width of a roof covering strip (21) are each inserted in the area of the rolled-up film webs (5, 6, 7), that this roof covering strip (21) is then covered with roofing panels (4) from a not yet covered adjacent left roof area, and that another roof covering strip (21) is then uncovered and moved accordingly to the left side of the roof, the last left roof covering strip then being covered with the roof covering plates (4) removed from the roof at the beginning.

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