EP0776680A1 - Gesichtsschutzstück für Atemschutzmaske und dazugehörige Maske, Helm und Tauscherlunge - Google Patents

Gesichtsschutzstück für Atemschutzmaske und dazugehörige Maske, Helm und Tauscherlunge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0776680A1
EP0776680A1 EP96402325A EP96402325A EP0776680A1 EP 0776680 A1 EP0776680 A1 EP 0776680A1 EP 96402325 A EP96402325 A EP 96402325A EP 96402325 A EP96402325 A EP 96402325A EP 0776680 A1 EP0776680 A1 EP 0776680A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
eyepiece
wearer
axis
circle
revolution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96402325A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Claude Pascal Berend
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Comasec International SA
Original Assignee
Comasec International SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Comasec International SA filed Critical Comasec International SA
Publication of EP0776680A1 publication Critical patent/EP0776680A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an eyepiece intended for a respiratory protection mask, such a mask provided with such an eyepiece, as well as a protective helmet and a diving suit comprising such a mask.
  • the respiratory protection mask considered is according to a typical application intended for firefighters. Such a mask can also be used in industry.
  • Document EP-A-600 258 describes an eyepiece in which, first of all, the curvature at the level of the azimuthal section planes decreases continuously from the axis of meridian symmetry towards the edge of the eyepiece. Second, the azimuthal curvature on the meridian axis of symmetry decreases as one moves away from the snout area. Third, the meridian curvature is substantially uniform along the meridian axis of symmetry.
  • the eyepiece is characterized by its curvature and more precisely its relative curvature (respectively the variation or the constancy of the curvature) considered in an azimuthal and meridian manner along the axis of symmetry of the eyepiece.
  • curvature characteristics are intended to provide a field of vision without practically any visual distortion.
  • Document EP-A-600 258 does not define the eyepiece other than by its curvature or its relative curvature.
  • the shape of the eyepiece according to this document is such that when the mask rests, for some reason whatsoever, on the eyepiece, the latter may be damaged, in particular scratched, since it is prominent.
  • this document does not mention an eyepiece arrangement intended to correct the optical deformations resulting from the curved shape of the wall which constitutes it.
  • Document US-A-5 297 544 also describes a respiratory protection mask in which the eyepiece has a meridian section of rectilinear symmetry, which provides significant distortions outside this zone. In addition, the field of vision is narrow.
  • the document EP-A-511 593 describes a respiratory protection mask, the eyepiece of which has a substantially toroidal shape. This eyepiece is strongly domed, and does not correct the optical deformations resulting from its curved shape. Such an eyepiece can be easily scratched.
  • the invention therefore aims to remedy these drawbacks and, simultaneously, to give the eyepiece a wide field of vision both laterally and downwards, and to allow in particular quality manufacturing of its production tools, which makes it possible to '' get a high quality eyepiece.
  • the invention relates to an eyepiece intended for a respiratory protection mask, comprising a curved transparent wall bounded by a curved outer edge and provided with an opening with which is intended to cooperate with a snout.
  • the eyepiece Compared to the mask provided with the eyepiece being in the position corresponding to a wearer having the right head and the horizontal viewing axis, the eyepiece has an upper part forming the usual binocular field of the wearer and whose shape is called sphero -conical is generated by the displacement of a rotating arc of circle, on a given sector, around an axis of revolution located in the vertical plane of symmetry of the wearer's head, inclined on the horizontal and the vertical and passing substantially in or near the middle area of the wearer's brain and the area of the lips.
  • the invention relates to a respiratory mask comprising an eyepiece as just described, a skirt for connecting the eyepiece to the wearer's face, an internal mask, and respiratory means.
  • the invention relates to a protective helmet comprising a mask as just described.
  • the invention relates to a protective suit comprising an eyepiece as previously described.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view through a median azimuthal vertical plane of a respiratory mask comprising an eyepiece according to the invention, the latter being shown in normal situation on the head of a wearer having the right head and the horizontal viewing axis.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the eyepiece in the general direction of arrow F in FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 2, which line corresponds to the azimuthal median vertical plane of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of the eyepiece in the general direction of the arrow T in FIG. 1.
  • Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 3 showing the eyepiece in the position of Figure 1, axes, centers, arcs, planes, etc. competing in its definition in the case of a first embodiment of the corrections relating to Descartes' law.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view through an azimuth plane showing the different bearing surfaces respectively sphero-conical and left of the wall of the eyepiece.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view through a vertical median plane in the case of a second alternative embodiment of the corrections relating to the law of Descartes.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view from above of an eyepiece according to the invention, which represents the zones of different optical class of this eyepiece.
  • the eyepiece 1 shown in the drawings is specially adapted and intended for a respiratory protection mask 2.
  • Such a mask 2 is, according to a typical application, intended for firefighters.
  • the mask 2 also comprises a skirt 3 of generally annular shape intended to be placed around the eyepiece 1, towards the outside, by being rigidly connected to it.
  • the eyepiece 1 comprises, for this purpose, on its large outer peripheral free edge 4, a flange 5 forming an integral part of it, directed towards the outside of the eyepiece 1 and on which the free edge of the skirt 3 is folded , the assembly being made rigid by an attached U-shaped tightening joint 6.
  • the skirt 3 provides the connection between the eyepiece 1 and the face V of a carrier R.
  • the mask 2 also includes an inner mask 7 as well as respiratory means 8.
  • Such a mask 2 can be integrated into a helmet 2a or a spacesuit 2b of which it then forms an integral part.
  • the eyepiece 1 essentially comprises a one-piece transparent wall 9 shaped so as to fulfill the various functions of the eyepiece.
  • the wall 9 is shaped by being curved with an overall concavity facing the face V of the wearer R, that is to say inside of eyepiece 1, while the convexity is facing outward.
  • the eyepiece 1, that is to say the transparent wall 9, is made in particular of polycarbonate.
  • the wall 9 has a thickness equal to or of the order of 3 mm.
  • the wall 9 is curved and limited by the edge 4, which defines a first large rear opening 10 intended to be placed opposite and in the vicinity of the face V.
  • the wall 9 has a second small lower opening 11 with which is intended to cooperate a snout forming part of the respiratory means 8.
  • the wall 9 forms around the opening 11 a flat annular shoulder 12 intended to position the snout of the respiratory means 8.
  • the eyepiece 1 is therefore limited, downwards, by a plane P ( Figures 3, 4, 5, 7) which - in relation to a carrier R having the right head and a horizontal axis of vision S - made with l 'horizontal an angle J ( Figures 5 and 7) of the order of 45 °.
  • This plane P includes the opening 11 and the shoulder 12.
  • the wearer in current use of the eyepiece 1, lifts or lowers the head and / or lifts or lowers the eyes or even turns them laterally to one side or the other.
  • the eyepiece 1 is defined in relation to the reference situation or position. However, this position is only relative, the eyepiece 1 can occupy any other position, whether in use or not in use (storage, storage, etc.).
  • the collar 5 delimits the opening 10 which, at least in part, is planar or substantially planar in particular towards the bottom of the eyepiece 1.
  • a planar part is notably situated in a vertical plane or close to vertical when the ocular is in normal reference situation, as in Figure 5 or 7.
  • the flange 5 is curved downwards, from front to back ( Figure 3).
  • the wall 9 Apart from the collar 5 and the shoulder 12, the wall 9 has an upper part 13 forming the usual binocular field of vision of the wearer and a part lower 14 extending the upper part down continuously, that is to say without breaking.
  • this constructive characteristic does not exclude the presence between the parts 13 and 14 of a relief such as a hollow as it is visible in FIG. 3 or even an inflection.
  • FIG. 3 shows a line 15 separating the two upper 13 and lower 14 parts. It is understood, however, that this line is purely fictitious, no material line existing between the parts 13 and 14.
  • the upper part 13 is the so-called sphero-conical shape and generated by the displacement of an arc of a circle C ( Figure 1) rotating, on a given sector, around an axis of revolution 16 located in the vertical plane of symmetry III -III of the head of the wearer R, inclined to the horizontal and the vertical and passing substantially in or near the median area of the brain of the wearer R and the area of the lips.
  • the axis 16 is inclined from front to back and from bottom to top relative to the head of the carrier R in the reference situation.
  • the axis 16 makes with the horizontal an angle equal to or close to 43 °.
  • the upper part 13 forms a binocular field having a vertical opening angle ß ( Figure 3) relative to the axis S of horizontal vision of the carrier R, equal to or close to 90 °.
  • This field is partly located above of this axis of vision S and partly below.
  • the opening angles of the upper part 13 above and below the horizontal to the axis S are equal, close to or of the same order of magnitude.
  • the radius of curvature of the arc of a circle C is, in the embodiment shown in Figures 5 and 7, of the order of 632 to 636 mm.
  • the radius of curvature is different for the arc of a circle C E defining the external face of the upper part 13 and the arc C I defining the internal face.
  • the radius of curvature A E of the external axis C E is 634.5 mm
  • the radius A I of the internal axis C I is 633.3 mm.
  • the spacing B S between the axis 16 and the edge 4 is of the order of 92 mm at the upper end 17 of the eyepiece 1 and the spacing B I is 36 mm at the lower end 18.
  • the length of the wall 9 in the part 13 and in the meridian plane of symmetry III-III is equal to or close to 130 to 160 mm.
  • the length L of the wall 9 in the upper upper region 13 of the upper part 13 and in an azimuthal plane is equal or close to 230 mm.
  • the sector over which the upper part 13 extends has an opening M greater than 180 °. Consequently, in this embodiment, the collar 5 is at least partly located substantially in a plane N (FIG. 5) close to the vertical, but slightly inclined from front to back and from top to bottom, by an angle ⁇ of the order of 5 °.
  • an eyepiece 1 provided with a collar 5 directed towards the outside is a difficult part, of complex shape, to be produced by injection, and in particular to be removed from the mold.
  • One aspect of the invention is a design and manufacturing process, and the resulting eyepiece, which solves the above injection and molding problems.
  • a first general definition of the shapes and dimensions of the eyepiece 1 is made, according to the functionalities which it must fulfill.
  • the eyepiece 1 is defined according to mechanical, optical, external bulk and ergonomic specifications.
  • the cylinder axis is in the meridian plane of symmetry of the eyepiece, where it is perpendicular to it.
  • a collar 5 is determined which corresponds to this left line common to the cylinder and to the defined shape of the eyepiece 1. Specifically, it is the concave edge of the collar 5 with the parts 13 and 14 which here belongs to the cylinder. Thus, it is ensured that the part comprising the eyepiece 1 and the flange 5 can be removed from the mold, along the axis of the cylinder.
  • the shape defined first for the eyepiece 1 and / or, on subsequent approach, the cylinder can be modified or reduced to an acceptable approximation.
  • the cylinder has a straight generator and is parallel to its axis. And that although it is in reality a volume, for example with a wall thickness of the order of 3 mm, just as the intersection is a linear surface, it is considered here as an envelope.
  • the upper part 13 extends, in the middle meridian zone up to the proximity of the free edge 4 at the end 18 of the eyepiece 1, while in its lateral meridian zones 20, it is spaced apart.
  • the lower part 14 therefore extends upwards, downwards essentially in the lateral meridian zones 20, on either side of the downward extension of the upper part 13 in the middle meridian zone 21.
  • the lower part 14 has a shape of a left surface which, in whole or in part is sphero-conical or not.
  • the lower part 14 has a shape defined, in an azimuthal section plane corresponding to FIG. 6, by a contour comprising two lateral sections of straight or substantially straight lines 22.
  • These sections 22 are connected forwards to the downward extension of the upper part 13 in the middle meridian zone 21 and rearwards to a circular or substantially circular sector 23.
  • the two sections 22 are connected to the downward extension of the upper part 13 in the middle meridian zone 21 tangentially or substantially tangent.
  • the wall 9 on all or substantially all of its surface and at least in the upper part 13 as well as in the usual binocular field of the wearer at least, is located on the same side and spaced-even slightly- from a plane D passing through the respective outer edges 5a, 12a of the flange 5 and the shoulder 12.
  • This constructive arrangement is provided so that when the eyepiece 1 rests on a plane such as a shelf, it is in contact only by the projecting outer edges of the flange 5 and the shoulder 12. It follows that one avoids scratching the external surface 24 of the wall 9 of the eyepiece 1.
  • the outer 24 and inner 25 surfaces of the wall 9 are defined specifically, the thickness of the wall 9 of eyepiece 1 is variable.
  • the variation in thickness in the illustrated embodiment is equal to or of the order of 1.5 mm.
  • the wall 9 is thicker in its lower region than in its upper region. And compared to the central zone 21 of the eyepiece 1, the thickness is less important in its lateral zones 20. For example, the thickness is between 1.5 and 4 mm.
  • the wall 9 comprises, with regard to the upper part 13, two axes of revolution 16a, 16b and two centers 25a, 25b corresponding respectively to the outer 24 and inner 25 surfaces.
  • the axis of revolution 16a is closer to the vertical than the axis of revolution 16b, the two axes of revolution 15a, 15b forming between them an angle 6 equal to or close to 0.153 °.
  • intersection 26 of the two axes of revolution 16a, 16b is located substantially in a horizontal plane E, or in the vicinity of which is the center of the rotating circular arc C defining the upper sphero-conical part 13.
  • the two centers 25a, 25b of the arcs C E and C I are spaced apart, their spacing F ( Figure 5) being equal or of the order of 2 mm.
  • the center 25a of the circular arc C E corresponding to the external surface 24 is closer to the wall 9 than the center 25b of the circular arc C I corresponding to the internal surface 24b, in the direction of the rays A I and A E in plane E.
  • the two centers 25a, 25b are aligned on a common radius A of the two arcs of circle C E and C I meeting, at the location of the wall 9, l 'wearer's line of vision.
  • the radius of curvature A of the arc of a circle C E corresponding to the external surface 24 is therefore slightly larger than the radius of curvature A of the arc of a circle C I corresponding to the internal surface 25.
  • the difference G between the two radii of curvature A E , A I is equal to or close to 1.2 mm, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7.
  • the radius of curvature A I is equal to or close to 633.3 mm.
  • the spacing H E , H I respectively between the intersection 26 of the axes of revolution 16a, 16b and the centers 25a, 25b is equal to or close to 771 , 8 mm for the external surface 24, and 773.8 mm for the internal surface 25.
  • the thickness value (t) satisfies Descartes' law, it is determined as a function of the optical or astigmatic power of the eyepiece in the usual binocular field.
  • the goal is to minimize this power.
  • the astigmatic power must not exceed the power inherent in the curvature and the required thickness by a diopter value which corresponds to this class.
  • This diopter value is defined for an angular opening in a meridian plane parallel to the axis of vision S.
  • the aim being, by giving each zone a chosen optical class, to obtain a compromise between mechanical strength and optical quality.
  • parts 13 and 14 are divided into four (4) zones (27, 28, 29 and 30) of different classes.
  • Zone 27 is extended to the upper edge 17, where it is separated from the lower edge 18 by a transverse part of zones 28 and 30.
  • the zone 28 is as illustrated, generally in the shape of a "U” and surrounds the zone 27, except at its upper part contiguous to the collar 5.
  • the zone 29 comprises two separate parts, which are each extended substantially along the axis 16, on either side of the zones 27, 28. Each part of the zone 29 is extended between the flange 5 and an external lateral limit of the zone 28.
  • Zone 30 consists of all parts of the eyepiece 1 not included in zones 27 to 29.
  • the visibility through the eyepiece 1 is particularly good in the usual binocular fields and the mechanical resistance of the eyepiece 1 is high.
  • the surface 25 therefore does not have as an strictly generating an arc but a complex curved line, nevertheless comparable to a curve.
  • the shape of the surface 25 is for example determined as follows, with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the first step in this determination consists in dividing the eyepiece 1 into "slices" 31 (a-f).
  • the term "slice” is understood to mean a division of the eyepiece 1 defined here by two planes perpendicular to the direction Z and therefore parallel to the axis S, one upper, the other lower.
  • the lower and upper limit planes are spaced from each other by a chosen distance, for example 10 mm in the direction Z.
  • the section 31 is only delimited by a lower plane 32a, the flange 5 in the lower end 17 replacing the lower plane.
  • the sections 31 (a-f) are limited to the opening (for example, the angle K) of the zone (27) where they are formed.
  • the second step consists in defining for each section 31, the corresponding ideal thickness "t" of the eyepiece 1, in order to meet the chosen optical class.
  • the thickness variations "t" are obtained without modification of the external surface 24. It is therefore by varying with respect to the external surface 24, the distance from the internal surface 25 inside of a section 21, what is obtained the variation in thickness "t".
  • the third step consists in carrying out a "smoothing" of the juxtaposition of discrete surfaces of the wafers 31, in order to obtain a continuous surface.
  • This smoothing consists in finding, by an approximation acceptable from the mechanical and optical points of view, a bonding surface of the discrete surfaces of the edges 31.
  • This bonding surface that is to say the surface 25, is a "smooth" surface with a curved generator comparable to an arc.
  • the eyepiece 1 once produced, for example by molding the shape defined above, is in some cases subjected to a hardening and / or anti-scratch treatment.
  • a gold plating is in certain embodiments applied to the surface 24, in order to increase the flame retardant and thermal insulation qualities.
  • the layer of gold or the like is to be taken into account for the calculation of the optical class of the eyepiece 1 or of the parts / zones which constitute it.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)
  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
EP96402325A 1995-11-03 1996-10-31 Gesichtsschutzstück für Atemschutzmaske und dazugehörige Maske, Helm und Tauscherlunge Withdrawn EP0776680A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9513011A FR2740689B1 (fr) 1995-11-03 1995-11-03 Oculaire destine a un masque de protection respiratoire, masque pourvu de l'oculaire et casque et scaphandre pourvu du masque
FR9513011 1995-11-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0776680A1 true EP0776680A1 (de) 1997-06-04

Family

ID=9484214

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96402326A Withdrawn EP0771577A1 (de) 1995-11-03 1996-10-31 Verbindungsblock für Atemmaske, sowie dazugehörige Maske, Helm und Taucherlunge
EP96402325A Withdrawn EP0776680A1 (de) 1995-11-03 1996-10-31 Gesichtsschutzstück für Atemschutzmaske und dazugehörige Maske, Helm und Tauscherlunge

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96402326A Withdrawn EP0771577A1 (de) 1995-11-03 1996-10-31 Verbindungsblock für Atemmaske, sowie dazugehörige Maske, Helm und Taucherlunge

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0771577A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2740689B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2786107B1 (fr) 1998-11-25 2001-02-16 Sextant Avionique Masque inhalateur d'oxygene avec dispositif de prise de son
US9364632B2 (en) 2010-08-19 2016-06-14 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Manually actuated talk valve for a respiratory device
US20160243383A1 (en) 2015-02-24 2016-08-25 The Johns Hopkins University Unpowered respiratory protective headset and body suit and additional improvements to personal protective equipment

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4069516A (en) * 1976-07-21 1978-01-24 A-T-O Inc. Breathing face mask
EP0511593A1 (de) 1991-04-30 1992-11-04 DISPOSITIVI PROTEZIONE INDIVIDUALE - D.P.I. s.r.l. Vollsichtschutzmaske für Intervenienzarbeiten in verschmutzten Umgebungen
US5297544A (en) 1991-10-01 1994-03-29 Dragerwerk Ag Respirator with inner half mask and pollutant indicator
EP0600258A1 (de) 1992-12-03 1994-06-08 Drägerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Atemschutzmaske mit festem Maskenkörper

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1706602A (en) 1925-06-29 1929-03-26 Drager Alexander Bernhard Respiratory headgear
US1777383A (en) 1927-07-21 1930-10-07 Seignol Edouard Self-feeding carburetor
US2344718A (en) 1940-04-08 1944-03-21 Silas A Morehouse Oxygen mask
DE1708045A1 (de) 1967-06-03 1972-01-05 Draegerwerk Ag Atemschutzmaske mit Ausatemventilvorkammer und Sprechmembran
US3545436A (en) 1967-07-21 1970-12-08 Automatic Sprinkler Corp Face seal
US3457564A (en) 1967-07-21 1969-07-29 Automatic Sprinkler Corp Head harness
US3540442A (en) 1967-08-10 1970-11-17 Automatic Sprinkler Corp Face mask microphone mounting
US3833935A (en) 1972-05-22 1974-09-10 Sierra Eng Co Integrated helmet and mask structure
FR2621250B1 (fr) * 1987-10-06 1990-01-05 Fernez Sa Raccord de masque respiratoire et masque respiratoire muni d'un tel raccord
US5069205A (en) 1990-04-20 1991-12-03 Figgie International, Inc. Quick-donning head harness assembly
IT1248374B (it) 1991-04-30 1995-01-11 Sekur Spa Bocchettone intercambiabile per maschere protettive per interventi operativi in ambienti contaminati
DE4220780C1 (de) * 1992-06-25 1993-09-23 Draegerwerk Ag, 23558 Luebeck, De
US5279286A (en) * 1992-07-29 1994-01-18 Chen Kwang Ho Mask

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4069516A (en) * 1976-07-21 1978-01-24 A-T-O Inc. Breathing face mask
EP0511593A1 (de) 1991-04-30 1992-11-04 DISPOSITIVI PROTEZIONE INDIVIDUALE - D.P.I. s.r.l. Vollsichtschutzmaske für Intervenienzarbeiten in verschmutzten Umgebungen
US5297544A (en) 1991-10-01 1994-03-29 Dragerwerk Ag Respirator with inner half mask and pollutant indicator
EP0600258A1 (de) 1992-12-03 1994-06-08 Drägerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Atemschutzmaske mit festem Maskenkörper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2740689A1 (fr) 1997-05-09
EP0771577A1 (de) 1997-05-07
FR2740689B1 (fr) 1998-01-23

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