EP0774306B1 - Method and device for the straight-drawing of material in several steps - Google Patents

Method and device for the straight-drawing of material in several steps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0774306B1
EP0774306B1 EP96250248A EP96250248A EP0774306B1 EP 0774306 B1 EP0774306 B1 EP 0774306B1 EP 96250248 A EP96250248 A EP 96250248A EP 96250248 A EP96250248 A EP 96250248A EP 0774306 B1 EP0774306 B1 EP 0774306B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
force
units
drawing die
unit
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP96250248A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0774306A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Stinnertz
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Kalkenings
Karl Heinz Dipl.-Ing. Häusler
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SMS Siemag AG
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SMS Demag AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/27—Carriages; Drives
    • B21C1/30—Drives, e.g. carriage-traversing mechanisms; Driving elements, e.g. drawing chains; Controlling the drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/20—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes from stock of essentially unlimited length

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for pulling elongated metallic workpieces, especially pipes, according to the preamble of Claims 1, 4 and 7.
  • a wire drawing system is known from US Pat. No. 4,662,203, in which several drawing units are used are arranged one behind the other. The tension in the wire is measured between them and a comparison is made with predetermined values. In the event of deviations, the The speed of the slide is changed.
  • EP 0182922 describes a generic method and known a devices for performing this method, in which between two drawing stages, the drawing material is at least temporarily wanted out of its axis is deflected so that a buffer can form, by which the drawing material is torn is prevented.
  • the disadvantage of this method is the high level of mechanical engineering Effort and the space required for the device to deflect the drawing material.
  • a method is proposed that is characterized in that at least one of the drawing ring holders can be moved so that the drawing units are so independently and / or are torque controlled, that during the drawing process in the a defined workpiece section between the drawing units always a deflection of the workpiece from the straight line prevents pre-tensioning force is maintained.
  • the disadvantages of State of the art proposed to dispense with loop formation, so to obtain a compact, clear and inexpensive pulling device.
  • the actual value of the pulling force permanently measured and with a default value stored in a computer is compared and that a signal when the specified value is exceeded or undershot is given to the drive or drives of one or more drawing units to the Adjust the pulling force to the default value.
  • a limit torque curve is formed, which is used to control the Drive of the respective drawing unit is used.
  • the limit torque curve is intended to ensure that the tension between two neighboring drawing units is kept as low as possible, so that the ductility of the Draw material can be used optimally.
  • the respective drawing speed results from the pulling speed of the preceding unit and the stretching of the Drawings in the current drawing unit. Because this stretch has certain tolerances subject, it must be ensured that there is neither an oversupply Drawn goods still at an impermissibly high pulling force between two neighboring ones Drawing units is coming.
  • the present description of the force effect refers to neighboring ones Drawing machines, the drawing ring holder of which is rigid with the machine in a known manner are connected. Conversely, if one of the drawing ring holders, preferably the holder of the second machine following a first machine depending on the Total force is controlled so that the directions of force also change.
  • An apparatus for performing the method according to the invention is therefore characterized in that at least one drawing ring holder is movable, that at least one drawing ring holder of a drawing unit with a measuring device for permanent detection of the pulling force is provided and or the drawing ring holder depending on the measured value force and / or Torque-controlled can be moved or clamped in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece is.
  • the drawing force is measured and specified as the specification of the holding and moving device for the respective drawing ring holder. If the device for holding and moving the drawing ring holder is regulated in a force-dependent manner so that it remains in position, any excess supply of drawn material will lead to a tendency of the drawing ring holder to move in the drawing direction. If the measured total force decreases due to the movement of the drawing ring holder, the speed of the drive motor of the following machine must be increased accordingly. If the measured total force does not change due to such a method of the drawing ring holder, other reasons such as drawn material tolerances or lubrication influences are the cause for the increase in the total force and can be countered by increasing the holding force for the drawing ring holder. Since it is inevitable in practice that tears occasionally occur during pulling, these can be registered directly by the permanent pulling force measuring devices and cause all pulling devices to open.
  • the measuring device consists of a between the drawing ring holder and Pull ring arranged load cell.
  • optical sensors between the drawing units provide for regulating and / or switching off the drives with the computer are linked.
  • Such light curtains between two pulling units for monitoring the position of the drawn material can be used for additional monitoring of Pipe rippers are used as well as for additional control of a Excess material between two drawing units.
  • the pull-in process is therefore started when the pull ring holder and the front one Pull sledges have their shortest possible distance from each other. Now simultaneously with the pulling in of the pipes by the auxiliary device of the drawing ring holder retracted against pulling direction under pulling force, so the length of the retracted pipe accordingly. This allows the Pull-in operation completed and thus significantly shortened.
  • the two drawing carriages of the drawing unit preferably transport the detected one Workpiece alternating with the drawing ring following in the drawing direction, where the Repeat pulling in steps a through d.
  • the idea of the invention is illustrated by an exemplary embodiment explained.
  • the only drawing figure shows the arrangement of two drawing units.
  • the Drawing rings (1, 2) are against the drawing ring holder (3, 4) by means of load cells (5, 6) supported.
  • the drawing ring holders (3, 4) are mounted in a moving device (7, 8), which is supported against a hydraulic cylinder (9, 10).
  • the drawn material is drawn by two alternating pulling slides (11, 12) and (13, 14), the Clamping jaws (15, 16) are then closed when they move in the pulling direction and open when they go back against the direction of pull. Pulling force and alternating carriage movements are generated by the drive motors (17, 18).
  • the pulling slides (11, 13) are in their front Dead center.
  • the drawing ring holder (3, 4) in turn are in their rear dead centers, d. H. just in front of the slide, (11, 13). A beginning of a drawing with a rod is pushed through the pull ring (1) so far that one is in the plane of the pull slide located auxiliary pulling device can span the fishing rod.
  • the drawing ring holder (3) and drawing slide (11) preferably move in opposite direction from their dead center position and thus create a drawn Pipe rod according to the sum of both travel paths.
  • the auxiliary puller will opened and the pull ring holder moves in the pulling direction up to Starting dead center and transports the drawing material so far forward that it is from the jaws (15) of the drawing carriage (11) can be gripped. Alternating now pull the slide (11, 13) the material to be drawn up to the drawing ring (2).
  • the pulling-in process will now be described as for pulling unit (1) repeated.
  • the jaws (15, 16) in the Pull slide (11, 12) opened and the cylinder (9) released from pressure.
  • the measured Pulling force serves as a control variable for the torque of the second drawing unit.
  • the Load cell (6) determine the pulling force and share this with the control mechanism of the Hydraulic cylinder (10) with a corresponding holding force on the Draw ring holder (4) exercises.
  • a computer program takes into account the dynamics and kinematics of the Carriage drive, the mechanical losses and the measured pulling force thereof Torque so that the ductility limit of the drawn goods by one certain amount is undershot and that the drawn material between the two Drawing units is exposed to a low defined tension. Increases the required pulling force during pulling, the pull ring holder (3) is countered pushed the cylinder (10) back. This reduces the total force on the Die again to the size registered when pulling it in, that's enough Pulling speed in the second unit does not extend and the speed of the motor (18) must be increased.
  • a scanning roller (19) on the drawing material permanently measures that current drawing speed. If the pulling speed measured in this way is lower than that determined from the pulling sled, the jaws slip. For the The values of the scanning roller are then decisive for speed control.
  • the Speed difference may be used to cancel the pulling process
  • Checking the clamping conditions can be used.
  • a light curtain (20) controls the axial position of the drawn material. If the regulation no longer occurs controllable oversupply of drawn goods, tries to avoid them or even to buckle. This is registered and used to influence the regulation or Stopping the units used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The drawing units comprise two alternatingly moved tension slides, which draw the workpiece continuously through a drawing ring in a holder in each drawing unit. At least one drawing ring holder (3,4) of a drawing unit (A,B) is provided with a measurement device (5,6) for permanent assessment of the drawing force. The drawing ring holder in each case, dependent upon the measurement value, is movable or clampable, with force or torque regulated, in the longitudinal direction (7,8) of the workpiece. The measurement device comprises a force measurement box arranged between the drawing ring holder and the drawing ring (1,2).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Ziehen von langgestreckten metallischen Werkstücken, insbesondere Rohren, gemäß dem Oberbegriff der Patentansprüche 1, 4 und 7.The invention relates to a method and a device for pulling elongated metallic workpieces, especially pipes, according to the preamble of Claims 1, 4 and 7.

Aus der US 4 662 203 ist eine Drahtziehanlage bekannt, bei der mehrere Ziehaggregate hintereinander angeordnet sind. Zwischen diesen wird die Spannung im Draht gemessen und es erfolgt ein Vergleich mit vorbestimmten Werten. Bei Abweichungen wird die Geschwindigkeit der Ziehschlitten verändert.A wire drawing system is known from US Pat. No. 4,662,203, in which several drawing units are used are arranged one behind the other. The tension in the wire is measured between them and a comparison is made with predetermined values. In the event of deviations, the The speed of the slide is changed.

Bei Verfahren und Vorrichtungen der gattungsgemäßen Art besteht die Gefahr, daß mangels Gleichlauf der hintereinandergeschalteten Ziehaggregeate Zug- oder Druckkräfte auf das zwischen den Ziehaggregaten befindliche Werkstück wirken, die bestenfalls zum Auslenken des Werkstückes aus der Werkstückachse und schlimmstenfalls zum Zerreißen des Werkstückes führen. Aus der EP 0182922 sind ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren und eine Vorrichtungen zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens bekannt, bei denen zwischen jeweils zwei Ziehstufen das Ziehgut zumindest zeitweise gewollt aus seiner Achse ausgelenkt wird, damit sich ein Puffer bilden kann, durch den ein Zerreißen des Ziehgutes verhindert wird. Der Nachteil dieses Verfahrens besteht in dem hohen maschinenbauliche Aufwand und dem erforderlichen Platzbedarf der Einrichtung zum Auslenken des Ziehgutes.With methods and devices of the generic type there is a risk that due to lack of synchronization of the series-connected drawing units, tensile or compressive forces act on the workpiece located between the drawing units, at best for Deflect the workpiece from the workpiece axis and, in the worst case, tear it apart of the workpiece. EP 0182922 describes a generic method and known a devices for performing this method, in which between two drawing stages, the drawing material is at least temporarily wanted out of its axis is deflected so that a buffer can form, by which the drawing material is torn is prevented. The disadvantage of this method is the high level of mechanical engineering Effort and the space required for the device to deflect the drawing material.

Ausgehend von der beschriebenen bekannten Lösung und zur Vermeidung der dort auftretenden Nachteile ist es das Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine einfache, platzsparende, wirtschaftlich zu betreibende und kostengünstige herzustellende Ziehvorrichtung zu schaffen, mit der das zu ziehende Werkstück in einfacher Weise eingefädelt und in mehreren Stufen toleranzhaltig reduziert werden kann.Starting from the known solution described and to avoid the there Disadvantages occurring is the aim of the present invention, a simple, space-saving, economical to operate and inexpensive to manufacture To create pulling device with which the workpiece to be drawn in a simple manner can be threaded and reduced to tolerance in several stages.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein Verfahren vorgeschlagen, daß dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß mindenstens einer der Ziehringhalter verfahrbar ist, daß die Ziehaggregate unabhängig voneinander derartig kraft- und/oder momentengeregelt antreibbar sind, daß während des Ziehvorganges in dem zwischen den Ziehaggregaten befindlichen Werkstückabschnitt stets eine definierte, ein Auslenken des Werkstückes aus der Geraden verhindernde Vorspannkraft aufrechterhalten wird. Erfindungsgemäß wird also zur Behebung der Nachteile des Standes der Technik vorgeschlagen, auf die Schlingenbildung zu verzichten, um so eine kompakte, übersichtliche und preiswerte Zieheinrichtungen zu erhalten.To solve this problem, a method is proposed that is characterized in that at least one of the drawing ring holders can be moved so that the drawing units are so independently and / or are torque controlled, that during the drawing process in the a defined workpiece section between the drawing units always a deflection of the workpiece from the straight line prevents pre-tensioning force is maintained. According to the invention, the disadvantages of State of the art proposed to dispense with loop formation, so to obtain a compact, clear and inexpensive pulling device.

In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, daß der Istwert der Ziehkraft permanent gemessen und mit einem in einem Rechner abgelegeten Vorgabewert verglichen wird und daß beim Über- oder Unterschreiten des Vorgabewertes ein Signal an den oder die Antriebe eines oder mehrerer Ziehaggregate gegeben wird, um die Ziehkraft an den Vorgabewert anzupassen.In one embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the actual value of the pulling force permanently measured and with a default value stored in a computer is compared and that a signal when the specified value is exceeded or undershot is given to the drive or drives of one or more drawing units to the Adjust the pulling force to the default value.

Vorzugsweise wird beim Einziehen des Rohres in das jeweilige Ziehaggregeat die Ziehkraft gemessen und als Vorgabe einer Rückhalte und/oder Zugkraft dem Rechner zugeführt, in dem in Überlagerung mit Beschleunigungsmomenten und Verlustmomenten der Ziehaggregate in Abhängigkeit von der momentanen Ziehgeschwindigkeit eine Grenzmomentenverlauf gebildet wird, der zur Regelung des Antriebes des oder der jeweiligen Ziehaggregate verwertet wird.Preferably, when pulling the tube into the respective drawing unit Pulling force measured and the computer as a specification of a retention and / or pulling force fed, in the superposition with acceleration moments and Torque losses of the drawing units depending on the current one Pulling speed a limit torque curve is formed, which is used to control the Drive of the respective drawing unit is used.

Der Grenzmomentenverlauf soll sicherstellen, daß die Zugspannung zwischen zwei benachbarten Ziehaggregaten möglichst gering gehalten wird, so daß die Duktilität des Ziehgutes optimal genutzt werden kann. Die jeweilige Ziehgeschwindigkeit ergibt sich aus der Ziehgeschwindigkeit des vorausgehenden Aggregates und der Streckung des Ziehgutes im aktuelle Ziehaggregat. Da diese Streckung gewissen Toleranzen unterworfen ist, muß sichergestellt werden, daß es weder zu einem Überangebot an Ziehgut noch zu einer unzulässig hohen Zugkraft zwischen zwei benachbarten Ziehaggregaten kommt. The limit torque curve is intended to ensure that the tension between two neighboring drawing units is kept as low as possible, so that the ductility of the Draw material can be used optimally. The respective drawing speed results from the pulling speed of the preceding unit and the stretching of the Drawings in the current drawing unit. Because this stretch has certain tolerances subject, it must be ensured that there is neither an oversupply Drawn goods still at an impermissibly high pulling force between two neighboring ones Drawing units is coming.

Ein solches Überangebot würde sich al s Druckkraft am Ziehringhalter der nachfolgenden Maschine bemerkbar machen. Die Ziehkraft der Folgemaschine wird durch die Druckkraft am Ziehringhalter vermindert. Kommt es dagegen zu einem Unterangebot an Ziehgut, so tritt eine Zugkraft zwischen erster und zweiterMaschine bzw. ihren Ziehwagen auf. Ein solches Unterangebot würde sich durch eine Summenkrafterhöhung aus Zugkraft zwischen zwei Ziehmaschinen und Ziehkraft am Ziehringhalter bemerkbar machen. Die Geschwindigkeits- und Drehmomenten - Regelung für die Antriebsmotoren ist deshalb so zu gestalten, daß zwischen benachbarten Ziehaggregaten stets eine geringe Vorspannung im Ziehgut gewährleistet ist.Such an oversupply would be seen as pressure on the drawing ring holder make the following machine noticeable. The pulling force of the following machine will reduced by the pressure on the drawing ring holder. On the other hand, there is one If there is a shortage of drawn material, a tensile force occurs between the first and second machine or their pull car. Such a sub-offer would be characterized by a Total force increase from traction between two drawing machines and pulling force on Make the drawing ring holder noticeable. The speed and torque - Regulation for the drive motors must therefore be designed so that between neighboring drawing units always have a low pre-tension in the drawing material is guaranteed.

Die vorliegende Beschreibung der Kraftwirkung bezieht sich auf benachbarte Ziehmaschinen, deren Ziehringhalter in bekannter Weise starr mit der Maschine verbunden sind. Wird dagegen einer der Ziehringhalter, vorzugsweise der Halter der zweiten Maschine, die einer ersten Maschine folgt, in Abhängigkeit von der Summenkraft verfahrbar geregelt, so ändern sich auch die Kraftrichtungen.The present description of the force effect refers to neighboring ones Drawing machines, the drawing ring holder of which is rigid with the machine in a known manner are connected. Conversely, if one of the drawing ring holders, preferably the holder of the second machine following a first machine depending on the Total force is controlled so that the directions of force also change.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist deshalb dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindenstens ein Ziehringhalter verfahrbar ausgebildet ist, daß mindestens ein Ziehringhalter eines Ziehaggregates mit einer Meßvorrichtung zur permanenten Erfassung der Ziehkraft versehen ist und der oder die Ziehringhalter in Abhängigkeit von dem Meßwert kraft- und/oder momentengeregelt in Längsrichtung des Werkstückes verfahrbar oder festklemmbar ist.An apparatus for performing the method according to the invention is therefore characterized in that at least one drawing ring holder is movable, that at least one drawing ring holder of a drawing unit with a measuring device for permanent detection of the pulling force is provided and or the drawing ring holder depending on the measured value force and / or Torque-controlled can be moved or clamped in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece is.

Tritt jetzt ein Überangebot an Ziehgut zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Maschinen auf, so wird sich durch das geregelte Verfahren des Ziehringhalters mit einer bestimmten Geschwindigkeit in Ziehrichtung die Zugkraft der folgenden Maschine erhöhen. Andererseits kann bei einem Unterangebot an Ziehgut durch gegenläufiges Verfahren des Ziehringhalters die Zugkraft abgesenkt werden.An oversupply of drawn goods now occurs between two successive machines on, the regulated procedure of the drawing ring holder with a certain speed in the direction of pull the traction of the following machine increase. On the other hand, if there is a shortage of drawn material, this can be done in the Procedure of the drawing ring holder, the tensile force can be reduced.

Beim Einziehen des Rohres in das jeweilige Ziehaggregat wird die Ziehkraft gemessen und als Vorgabe der Halte- und Verfahreinrichtung für die jeweiligen Ziehringhalter vorgegeben. Wird die Einrichtung zum Halten und Verfahren des Ziehringhalters kraftabhängig so geregelt, das dieser gerade in Position bleibt, so wird jedes Überangebot an Ziehgut zu einer Bewegungstendenz des Ziehringhalters in Ziehrichtung führen. Verringert sich die gemessene Summenkraft durch die Bewegung des Ziehringhalters, so ist die Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors der Folgemaschine entsprechend zu erhöhen.
Ändert sich die gemessene Summenkraft durch ein solches Verfahren des Ziehringhalters nicht, so sind andere Gründe wie Ziehguttoleranzen oder Schmiereinflüsse die Ursache für die Erhöhung der Summenkraft und ihr kann durch Erhöhen der Haltekraft für den Ziehringhalter begegnet werden.
Da es beim Ziehen in der Praxis unvermeidlich ist, daß gelegentlich Reißer auftreten, können diese durch die permanenten Ziehkraftmeßeinrichtungen unmittelbar registriert werden und ein Öffnen aller Zieheinrichtungen bewirken.When the tube is pulled into the respective drawing unit, the drawing force is measured and specified as the specification of the holding and moving device for the respective drawing ring holder. If the device for holding and moving the drawing ring holder is regulated in a force-dependent manner so that it remains in position, any excess supply of drawn material will lead to a tendency of the drawing ring holder to move in the drawing direction. If the measured total force decreases due to the movement of the drawing ring holder, the speed of the drive motor of the following machine must be increased accordingly.
If the measured total force does not change due to such a method of the drawing ring holder, other reasons such as drawn material tolerances or lubrication influences are the cause for the increase in the total force and can be countered by increasing the holding force for the drawing ring holder.
Since it is inevitable in practice that tears occasionally occur during pulling, these can be registered directly by the permanent pulling force measuring devices and cause all pulling devices to open.

Günstigerweise besteht die Meßvorrichtung aus einer zwischen Ziehringhalter und Ziehring angeordneten Kraftmeßdose.Conveniently, the measuring device consists of a between the drawing ring holder and Pull ring arranged load cell.

Zur weiteren Absicherung eines geordneten Materialflusses wird nach einem anderen Merkmal der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, zur Erfassung eines ungewollten Ausweichens des Ziehgutes aus der Ziehachse optische Sensoren zwischen den Ziehaggregaten vorzusehen, die zum Regeln und/oder Abschalten der Antriebe mit dem Rechner verknüpft sind. Solche Lichtvorhänge zwischen zwei Ziehaggregaten zur Überwachung der Lage des Ziehgutes können sowohl zum zusätzlichen Überwachen von Rohrreißern genutzt werden, als auch zur zusätzlichen Kontrolle eines Materialüberangebotes zwischen zwei Ziehaggregaten.To further secure an orderly material flow, another one is used Feature of the invention proposed to detect an unwanted evasion of the drawing material from the drawing axis optical sensors between the drawing units provide for regulating and / or switching off the drives with the computer are linked. Such light curtains between two pulling units for monitoring the position of the drawn material can be used for additional monitoring of Pipe rippers are used as well as for additional control of a Excess material between two drawing units.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglicht darüber hinaus auch eine Verkürzung der Anfahrzeiten. Nach dem Stand der Technik ist es üblich, daß eine Hilfseinrichtung den angespitzten Rohranfang in mehreren Schritten soweit auszieht, daß die eigentliche(n) Zieheinrichtung(en) in der Lage ist (sind), das Rohr mit den Klemmbacken des ersten Ziehwagens voll zu erfassen, um die volle Ziehkraft auf das Rohr aufzubringen. Naturgemäß ist dieser Vorgang mit Verlustzeiten verbunden. Die erfindungsgemäß Einrichtung gestattet ein Verfahren, das durch die Abfolge folgender Arbeitsschritte gekennzeichnet ist:

  • a. der verfahrbaren Ziehringhalter und der dem Ziehring zugewandte Spannschlitten des Ziehaggregeates werden in die Stellung verschoben, in der sie den geringsten Abstand zueinander aufweisen,
  • b. der Werk stückanfang wird in den Ziehring eingeführt und mit einer vor dem Ziehaggregat angeordneten Hilfseinrichtung festgehalten,
  • c. der Ziehringhalter wird mit dem Ziehring entgegen der Ziehrichtung zurückgefahren wodurch die Länge des eingezogenen Werkstückes verlängert wird,
  • d. nach Öffnen der Hilfseinrichtung werden der Ziehringhalter und der Ziehring mit dem eingezogenen Werkstück in Ziehrichtung zurückbewegt und in die Spannbacken des Ziehschlittens des Ziehaggregates eingeführt und dort geklemmt.
    • The device according to the invention also makes it possible to shorten the start-up times. According to the prior art, it is common for an auxiliary device to pull out the pointed pipe start in several steps to such an extent that the actual drawing device (s) is (are) able to fully grip the pipe with the clamping jaws of the first drawing carriage to apply the full pulling force to the pipe. Naturally, this process involves loss of time. The device according to the invention permits a method which is characterized by the sequence of the following work steps:
  • a. the movable drawing ring holder and the clamping slide of the drawing unit facing the drawing ring are moved into the position in which they are the smallest distance apart,
  • b. the beginning of the workpiece is inserted into the drawing ring and held in place with an auxiliary device arranged in front of the drawing unit,
  • c. the drawing ring holder is retracted with the drawing ring against the direction of drawing, thereby extending the length of the drawn-in workpiece,
  • d. After opening the auxiliary device, the drawing ring holder and the drawing ring are moved back with the workpiece pulled in in the drawing direction and inserted into the clamping jaws of the drawing slide of the drawing unit and clamped there.

    • Der Einziehvorgang wird also dann begonnen, wenn Ziehringhalter und vorderer Ziehschlitten ihre kürzest mögliche Entfernung zueinander haben. Wird nun gleichzeitig mit dem Einziehen des Rohre durch die Hilfseinrichtung der Ziehringhalter gegen Ziehrichtung unter Ziehkraft zurückgefahren, so verlängert sich die Länge des eingezogenen Rohres entsprechend. Hierdurch kann mit nur einmaligem Einziehen die Einziehoperation abgeschlossen und somit wesentlich verkürzt werden.The pull-in process is therefore started when the pull ring holder and the front one Pull sledges have their shortest possible distance from each other. Now simultaneously with the pulling in of the pipes by the auxiliary device of the drawing ring holder retracted against pulling direction under pulling force, so the length of the retracted pipe accordingly. This allows the Pull-in operation completed and thus significantly shortened.

    Vorzugsweise transportieren die beiden Ziehschlitten des Ziehaggregates das erfaßte Werkstück alternierend zu dem in Ziehrichtung folgenden Ziehring, wo sich der Einziehvorgang mit den Schritten a bis d wiederholt.The two drawing carriages of the drawing unit preferably transport the detected one Workpiece alternating with the drawing ring following in the drawing direction, where the Repeat pulling in steps a through d.

    Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels wird der Erfindungsgedanke näher erläutert. Die einzige Zeichnungsfigur zeigt die Anordnung zweier Ziehaggregate. Die Ziehringe (1, 2) sind mittels Kraftmeßdosen (5, 6) gegen die Ziehringhalter (3, 4) abgestützt. Die Ziehringhalter (3, 4) sind in eine Verfahrvorrichtung (7, 8) montiert, welche sich gegen einen Hydraulikzylinder (9, 10) abstützt. Gezogen wird das Ziehgut durch je zwei alternierend arbeitende Ziehschlitten (11, 12) und (13, 14), wobei die Klemmbacken (15, 16) dann geschlossen sind, wenn sie sich in Ziehrichtung bewegen und geöffnet, wenn sie gegen die Ziehrichtung zurücklaufen. Ziehkraft und alternierende Schlittenbewegung werden durch die Antriebsmotoren (17, 18) erzeugt. Zu Beginn eines Arbeitszyklus stehen die Ziehschlitten (11, 13) in ihrem vorderen Totpunkt. Die Ziehringhalter (3, 4) ihrerseits stehen in ihren hinteren Totpunkten, d. h. dicht vor den Ziehschlitten, (11, 13). Ein mit einer Angel versehener Ziehgutanfang wird durch den Ziehring (1 ) soweit hindurchgeschoben, daß eine sich in der Ebene des Ziehschlittens befindliche Hilfszieheinrichtung die Angel umspannen kann. The idea of the invention is illustrated by an exemplary embodiment explained. The only drawing figure shows the arrangement of two drawing units. The Drawing rings (1, 2) are against the drawing ring holder (3, 4) by means of load cells (5, 6) supported. The drawing ring holders (3, 4) are mounted in a moving device (7, 8), which is supported against a hydraulic cylinder (9, 10). The drawn material is drawn by two alternating pulling slides (11, 12) and (13, 14), the Clamping jaws (15, 16) are then closed when they move in the pulling direction and open when they go back against the direction of pull. Pulling force and alternating carriage movements are generated by the drive motors (17, 18). At the beginning of a work cycle, the pulling slides (11, 13) are in their front Dead center. The drawing ring holder (3, 4) in turn are in their rear dead centers, d. H. just in front of the slide, (11, 13). A beginning of a drawing with a rod is pushed through the pull ring (1) so far that one is in the plane of the pull slide located auxiliary pulling device can span the fishing rod.

    Vorzugsweise bewegen sich Ziehringhalter (3) und Ziehschlitten (11 ) in gegensätzliche Richtung aus ihrer Totpunktposition und erzeugen so eine gezogene Rohrangel entsprechend der Summe beider Verfahrwege. Die Hilfsziehzange wird geöffnet und der Ziehringhalter bewegt sich in der Ziehrichtung bis zum Ausgangstotpunkt und transportiert hierbei das Ziehgut soweit vorwärts, daß es von den Spannbacken (15) des Ziehschlittens (11) gefaßt werden kann. Alternierend ziehen nun die Ziehschlitten (11, 13) das Ziehgut bis zum Ziehring (2). Im zweiten Ziehaggregat wird nun der Einziehvorgang wie für Ziehaggregat (1 ) beschrieben wiederholt. Zur Bestimmung der Ziehkraft im zweiten Ziehaggregat, ohne Beeinflussung durch das erste Aggregat werden die Spannbacken (15, 16) in den Ziehschlitten (11, 12) geöffnet und der Zylinder (9) druckfrei gemacht. Die gemessene Ziehkraft dient als Steuergröße für das Drehmoment des zweiten Ziehaggregates. Die Kraftmeßdose (6) ermitteln die Ziehkraft und teilen diese dem Regelmechanismus des Hydraulikzylinders (10) mit, der hierauf eine entsprechende Haltekraft auf den Ziehringhalter (4) ausübt.The drawing ring holder (3) and drawing slide (11) preferably move in opposite direction from their dead center position and thus create a drawn Pipe rod according to the sum of both travel paths. The auxiliary puller will opened and the pull ring holder moves in the pulling direction up to Starting dead center and transports the drawing material so far forward that it is from the jaws (15) of the drawing carriage (11) can be gripped. Alternating now pull the slide (11, 13) the material to be drawn up to the drawing ring (2). In the second Pulling unit, the pulling-in process will now be described as for pulling unit (1) repeated. To determine the pulling force in the second drawing unit, without Influenced by the first unit, the jaws (15, 16) in the Pull slide (11, 12) opened and the cylinder (9) released from pressure. The measured Pulling force serves as a control variable for the torque of the second drawing unit. The Load cell (6) determine the pulling force and share this with the control mechanism of the Hydraulic cylinder (10) with a corresponding holding force on the Draw ring holder (4) exercises.

    Ein Rechnerprogramm stellt unter Berücksichtigung der Dynamik und Kinematik des Schlittenantriebs, der mechanischen Verluste und der gemessenen Ziehkraft dessen Drehmoment so ein, das einerseits die Duktilitätsgrenze des Ziehgutes um einen bestimmten Betrag unterschritten wird und daß das Ziehgut zwischen den beiden Ziehaggregaten einer geringen definierten Zugspannung ausgesetzt ist. Erhöht sich während des Ziehens die erforderliche Ziehkraft, so wird der Ziehringhalter (3) gegen den Zylinder (10) zurückgeschoben. Verringert sich hierdurch die Summenkraft an der Matrize wieder auf die beim Einziehen registrierte Größenordnung, so reicht die Ziehgeschwindigkeit im zweiten Aggregat nicht aus und die Drehzahl des Motors (18) muß erhöht werden. Verändert sich durch das Zurückweichen des Ziehringhalters (3) die erhöhte Summenkraft nicht entsprechend, so wird eine Veränderung der Ziehbedingungen durch Toleranzen oder Schmiermitteleinfluß vorliegen und die Drehmomentencharakteristik muß entsprechend korrigiert werden. Hat das Ziehgut den Ziehring (1 ) verlassen, so bricht dort die Ziehkraft zusammen, wonach die Geschwindigkeitsregelung für das zweite Ziehaggregat unabhängig vom ersten erfolgt. Im Falle eines Rohrreißers in einem der beiden Ziehaggregate wird die Ziehkraft in einem der beiden Ziehringe (1, 2) auf 0 zusammenbrechen und hiermit das Kommando geben: Alle Ziehbacken öffnen, Antriebsmotoren stoppen. Entweder vor dem ersten oder vor dem zweiten Ziehaggregat kann dann das Ziehgut neu geangelt werden. Sinngemäß ist dieser Funktionsablauf auf weitere nachgeschaltete Ziehaggregate anzuwenden. Eine Abtastrolle (19) auf dem Ziehgut mißt permanent die aktuelle Ziehgeschwindigkeit. Ist die so gemessene Ziehgeschwindigkeit kleiner als die aus den Ziehschlitten ermittelten, rutschen die Klemmbacken. Für die Geschwindigkeitsregelung sind dann die Werte der Abtastrolle maßgeblich. Die Geschwindigkeitsdifferenz kann ggf. zum Abbrechen des Ziehvorgangs zwecks Überprüfung der Klemmbedingungen genutzt werden. Ein Lichtvorhang (20) kontrolliert die Achslage des Ziehgutes. Kommt es zu einem durch die Regelung nicht mehr kontrollierbaren Überangebot an Ziehgut, versucht dieses auszuweichen oder gar auszuknicken. Dies wird registriert und zur Beeinflussung der Regelung oder zum Stillsetzen der Aggregate benutzt.A computer program takes into account the dynamics and kinematics of the Carriage drive, the mechanical losses and the measured pulling force thereof Torque so that the ductility limit of the drawn goods by one certain amount is undershot and that the drawn material between the two Drawing units is exposed to a low defined tension. Increases the required pulling force during pulling, the pull ring holder (3) is countered pushed the cylinder (10) back. This reduces the total force on the Die again to the size registered when pulling it in, that's enough Pulling speed in the second unit does not extend and the speed of the motor (18) must be increased. Changes due to the pull back of the drawing ring holder (3) the increased total power does not correspond, so a change in Drawing conditions due to tolerances or the influence of lubricants and the Torque characteristics must be corrected accordingly. Has the drawn material leave the pull ring (1), the pulling force collapses there, after which the Speed control for the second drawing unit takes place independently of the first. In the case of a pipe ripper in one of the two drawing units, the drawing force is in one of the two pull rings (1, 2) collapse to 0 and thereby the Give command: open all drawing jaws, stop drive motors. Either before the drawing material can then be re-fished in the first or in front of the second drawing unit become. This functional sequence is analogous to other downstream ones To use pulling units. A scanning roller (19) on the drawing material permanently measures that current drawing speed. If the pulling speed measured in this way is lower than that determined from the pulling sled, the jaws slip. For the The values of the scanning roller are then decisive for speed control. The Speed difference may be used to cancel the pulling process Checking the clamping conditions can be used. A light curtain (20) controls the axial position of the drawn material. If the regulation no longer occurs controllable oversupply of drawn goods, tries to avoid them or even to buckle. This is registered and used to influence the regulation or Stopping the units used.

    Claims (8)

    1. Method for drawing elongate metallic workpieces, in particular tubes, to reduce the cross section in more than one drawing step by means of at least two consecutive drawing units which grip the workpiece at the outer circumference and have two clamping carriages which are moved in alternating fashion and continuously draw the workpiece through a respective drawing die, which is associated with each drawing unit and disposed in a drawing die holder,
      characterised in that at least one of the drawing die holders is mobile,
      that the drawing units can be driven independently of one another with force and/or torque regulation such that a defined preloading force, which prevents the workpiece from being deflected from a straight line, is always maintained during the drawing operation in the portion of the workpiece which is located between the drawing units.
    2. Method for drawing elongate metallic workpieces, according to Claim 1,
      characterised in that the actual value of the drawing force is permanently measured and compared with a predetermined value which is stored in a computer, that, upon the actual value exceeding or falling below the predetermined value, a signal is delivered to the drive or drives of one or more drawing units in order to adapt the drawing force to the predetermined value.
    3. Method for drawing elongate metallic workpieces, according to Claim 2,
      characterised in that the drawing force is measured when the tube is drawn into the respective drawing unit and fed as a predetermined restraining and/or tractive force to the computer, in which, in superimposition with acceleration torques and loss torques of the drawing units, a limiting torque characteristic is formed in accordance with the instantaneous drawing speed, which characteristic is used to regulate the drive of the respective drawing unit or units.
    4. Device for drawing elongate metallic workpieces, in particular tubes, to reduce the cross section in more than one drawing step by means of at least two consecutive drawing units which grip the workpiece at the outer circumference and have two clamping carriages which are moved in alternating fashion and continuously draw the workpiece through a respective drawing die, which is associated with each drawing unit and disposed in a drawing die holder,
      characterised in that at least one drawing die holder (3, 4) is mobile, that at least one drawing die holder (3, 4) of a drawing unit (A, B) is provided with a measuring device (5, 6) for permanently detecting the drawing force, and the drawing die holder or holders (3, 4) can be moved in the longitudinal direction (7, 8) of the workpiece with force and/or torque regulation or clamped in accordance with the measured value.
    5. Device for drawing elongate metallic workpieces according to Claim 4,
      characterised in that the measuring device (5, 6) consists of a force gauge which is disposed between the drawing die holder (3, 4) and the drawing die (1, 2).
    6. Device for drawing elongate metallic workpieces according to Claim 5,
      characterised in that optical sensors (20) are provided between the drawing units (A, B) to detect any unintentional deflection of the workpiece from the drawing axis, which sensors are linked to the computer to regulate and/or switch off the drives (17, 18).
    7. Method for threading an elongate workpiece by means of an auxiliary device into a device for drawing elongate metallic workpieces, in particular tubes, to reduce the cross section in more than one drawing step by means of at least two consecutive drawing units which grip the workpiece at the outer circumference and have two clamping carriages which are moved in alternating fashion and continuously draw the workpiece through a respective drawing die, which is associated with each drawing unit and disposed in a drawing die holder, which can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece or clamped,
      characterised by the sequence of following working steps:
      a. the mobile drawing die holder and the clamping carriages, which face the drawing die, of the drawing unit are displaced into the position in which the spacing between them is minimum,
      b. the beginning of the workpiece is introduced into the drawing die and secured by an auxiliary appliance which is disposed before the drawing unit,
      c. the drawing die holder is returned with the drawing die against the drawing direction, whereby the drawn-in workpiece is lengthened,
      d. after opening the auxiliary appliance, the drawing die holder and the drawing die are moved back with the drawn-in workpiece in the drawing direction and introduced into the clamping jaws of the drawing carriage of the drawing unit, where they are clamped.
    8. Method for threading an elongate workpiece into a device for drawing elongate metallic workpieces according to Claim 7,
      characterised in that the two drawing carriages of the drawing unit alternately transport the gripped workpiece to the drawing die which follows in the drawing direction, where the drawing operation comprising the steps a to d is repeated.
    EP96250248A 1995-11-15 1996-10-31 Method and device for the straight-drawing of material in several steps Expired - Lifetime EP0774306B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19544383A DE19544383C1 (en) 1995-11-15 1995-11-15 Method and device for pulling straight and threading long drawn goods in several steps
    DE19544383 1995-11-15

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0774306A1 EP0774306A1 (en) 1997-05-21
    EP0774306B1 true EP0774306B1 (en) 2001-07-25

    Family

    ID=7778633

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP96250248A Expired - Lifetime EP0774306B1 (en) 1995-11-15 1996-10-31 Method and device for the straight-drawing of material in several steps

    Country Status (5)

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    US (1) US5771727A (en)
    EP (1) EP0774306B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE203434T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19544383C1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2158237T3 (en)

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    FR2800652A1 (en) * 1999-11-04 2001-05-11 Financ Robolix METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE QUALITY OF FORMING CARRIED OUT BY A MACHINE FOR FORMING TUBE ENDS
    CN1099331C (en) * 2000-05-26 2003-01-22 清华大学 Electronic method and equipment for drawing wire of elastic alloy
    JP4267221B2 (en) 2001-01-18 2009-05-27 日本伸管株式会社 Method and apparatus for continuous drawing of long objects
    DE10122658C2 (en) * 2001-05-10 2003-05-28 Sms Meer Gmbh Pulling unit for pulling elongated material and drawing line
    DE10122657B4 (en) * 2001-05-10 2006-07-13 Sms Meer Gmbh Traction unit for a drawing machine and method for drawing a drawn material with this traction unit and discontinuous drawing machine
    KR100903956B1 (en) 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 (주)대신제일 Multi drawing apparatus
    AT507273B1 (en) * 2008-09-14 2014-03-15 Sms Meer Gmbh DEGRADING MACHINE AND METHOD FOR EQUIPPING A WORKPIECE
    DE102013021675A1 (en) 2013-12-18 2015-07-02 Joachim Graefe Profiles and pipes continuously integrated shapes
    DE102016106026B3 (en) * 2016-04-01 2017-10-05 Sms Group Gmbh Drawing systems and drawing processes
    CN110153207B (en) * 2018-12-04 2021-04-23 上海北特科技股份有限公司 Bar straight bar continuous drawing device and bar drawing method realized by using same
    CN111515319A (en) * 2020-04-19 2020-08-11 金成高 A prestressing force steel stretching device for construction

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    DE3729892A1 (en) * 1987-09-07 1989-03-23 Kieserling Ziehmaschinen DRAWING MACHINE

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    ES2158237T3 (en) 2001-09-01
    US5771727A (en) 1998-06-30
    EP0774306A1 (en) 1997-05-21
    DE19544383C1 (en) 1997-04-10
    DE59607353D1 (en) 2001-08-30
    ATE203434T1 (en) 2001-08-15

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