EP0765439B1 - Zylinderkopf für stufenkolbenmotor - Google Patents

Zylinderkopf für stufenkolbenmotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0765439B1
EP0765439B1 EP96912094A EP96912094A EP0765439B1 EP 0765439 B1 EP0765439 B1 EP 0765439B1 EP 96912094 A EP96912094 A EP 96912094A EP 96912094 A EP96912094 A EP 96912094A EP 0765439 B1 EP0765439 B1 EP 0765439B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
segment
parts
head according
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96912094A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0765439A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Chatelain
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0765439A1 publication Critical patent/EP0765439A1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
    • F02B33/06—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps with reciprocating-piston pumps other than simple crankcase pumps
    • F02B33/10—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps with reciprocating-piston pumps other than simple crankcase pumps with the pumping cylinder situated between working cylinder and crankcase, or with the pumping cylinder surrounding working cylinder
    • F02B33/14—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps with reciprocating-piston pumps other than simple crankcase pumps with the pumping cylinder situated between working cylinder and crankcase, or with the pumping cylinder surrounding working cylinder working and pumping pistons forming stepped piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/28—Engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P2003/006—Liquid cooling the liquid being oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F01P2003/024—Cooling cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cylinder head, essentially an internal combustion engine comprising at least one stepped piston, having interesting characteristics as to the tightness of the second stage of the piston and optimizing the lubrication of one or several related segments.
  • stepped piston engines include minus a cylinder in the bore of which is mounted a piston composed of two floors.
  • the second stage of this piston cooperates with a cylinder head having the characteristic of being produced in a single block.
  • So second piston stage is generally provided with at least one space intended to receive a sealing segment.
  • This segment is therefore united of the piston and movable with it.
  • a radial slot is provided around the circumference of the segment.
  • This embodiment has a major drawback: the sealing segment, integral with the second stage of the piston, follows its reciprocating movement. As a result, it is not possible to lubricate and to cool this segment, which heats up a lot, wears out quickly and loses thus its effectiveness, creating during the explosion of sealing defects damaging to the cylinder.
  • the purpose of the cylinder head according to the invention is to remedy these problems ensuring an optimized seal on the second floor of the piston by lubrication and cooling of the relevant segment, and by allowing easy and practical access to the segment to facilitate its implementation place and its change.
  • a stepped piston engine cylinder head comprising two parts, an upper part and a lower part, between which is provided a space intended to accommodate a segment fixed sealing, continuous according to its circumference and whose outer surface is in contact with oil flowing in the cylinder head portion in which is formed space.
  • the two parts of the cylinder head according to the invention each have a cylindrical bore coaxial with that of the other part, bores which can be traversed by the second stage of the piston floor.
  • the space provided between the two parts of the cylinder head is defined by means of a washer.
  • this space can be defined by one or more machining operations on one of the two parts or on both parts of the cylinder head.
  • the segment which takes place in space as well realized has a slightly protruding inner surface compared to on the surface of cylindrical bores. This surface then comes to cooperate with the second stage of the stepped piston which crosses the coaxial bores of the two cylinder head parts.
  • the thickness of the segment is less by a few microns than that of the washer; the segment then benefits from an adjustment precise in the space provided for its positioning.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the washer and segment are flat and lapped.
  • the surfaces of each of the cylinder head parts related to these elements are also flat and lapped.
  • annular space is provided between the surface inside of the washer and the outside surface of the segment.
  • this annular space circulates oil under pressure for lubrication of the segment and cooling of this segment and of the various components of the cylinder head.
  • two circular orifices materializing respectively the inlet and outlet of pressurized oil are made on the upper part of the cylinder head, each of these orifices being connected to the space annular.
  • the lower part of the cylinder head and the cylinder are made in a single block.
  • the upper portion of this cylinder is then formed by this cylinder head part.
  • the cylinder head according to the invention comprises two parts 3 and 5, hereinafter called part respectively lower and upper part of the cylinder head.
  • the upper part 5 is substantially provided in its center with a cylindrical bore 16.
  • the part lower 3 has a concave conical bore 18 of which the upper end ends in the form of a cylindrical bore 17 in correspondence with the cylindrical bore 16 of the upper part 5 of the breech.
  • This part 3 is also provided at its lower base with a circular recess intended to ensure its centering on an element on which it rests.
  • the cylinder head part 3 is provided in its upper surface of two or three nipples or two or three orifices circulars; in addition, the cylinder head part 5 is provided with its bottom surface of two or three nipples or two or three orifices circular, each stud being intended to cooperate with each orifice circular so as to ensure the centering of the two cylinder head parts between them.
  • the two parts 3 and 5 are crossed by eight to ten cylindrical holes 9 distributed regularly over the external surface of each part, these cylindrical holes being intended to accommodate means fixing the two cylinder head parts together.
  • a washer 20 is positioned between the two cylinder head parts. Its outer diameter corresponds substantially to the diameter of the circumference on which the inner edges of the holes are located fixing 9. This washer has flat and lapped surfaces. His surfaces correspond respectively with a portion of the surface lower part 5 and with a portion of the upper surface of the part 3, portions themselves flat and lapped.
  • annular segment 4 continuous along its circumference, takes place between the two parts 3 and 5 of the cylinder head, in the space defined by the thickness of the washer 20.
  • This segment has flat and lapped surfaces. Its surfaces correspond respectively with a portion of the bottom surface of part 5 and with a portion of the upper surface of part 3, portions themselves flat and lapped.
  • This segment has a thickness a few microns thinner than that of the washer 20, so that the adjustment thereof is carried out with a great precision.
  • the inner part of the segment, intended to cooperate with the piston, is slightly protruding with respect to the surface of the bores cylindrical 16 and 17.
  • the radial dimensions of the washer 20 and of the segment 4 are provided for between the internal surface of the washer and the surface outer segment an annular space 15.
  • These orifices are intended to accommodate end caps, one per orifice, respectively illustrated 11 and 12 in FIG. 2, connected to a system of pressure lubrication; more precisely, the lubricant under pressure enters tip 11 and exits through tip 12 after circulation in annular space.
  • the cylinder head according to the invention rests on the jacket 50 of the cylinder 60 in which the first stage 10 of the piston, the rectilinear guidance of which is ensured by means of the rod 30 and bearings 40.
  • the second stage 2 of this piston has a surface continuous cylindrical exterior and slides in the cylinder head, plus precisely inside the cylindrical bores 16 and 17 of each of the parts 3 and 5 of the cylinder head.
  • This segment is lubricated and cooled through oil circulation under pressure inside the annular space 15.
  • the lubricant penetrates in this annular space according to arrow E and is evacuated according to arrow S.
  • This circulation of oil also has the effect of ensuring cooling various components of the cylinder head.
  • a slight machining can be carried out on the surface upper part of lower part 3 of cylinder head, with radial dimensions of washer 20 and with a depth less than the thickness of the washer, in the place where it must be positioned, machining intended for wedge this washer in a housing; identically, such machining can be produced on this same surface with the radial dimensions of segment 4 and with a depth less than the thickness of the segment, at the location where it must be positioned, to ensure its timing specific.
  • the washer defining the thickness of the space accommodating the segment can be replaced by machining in shoulder shape of the lower surface of the upper part 5 of the cylinder head as defined in figure 3.
  • This shoulder must have a width provided so as to spare the annular space 15 intended for the pressurized oil circulation around the external surface of segment 4.
  • the shoulder in question can be no longer on the upper part but on the lower part of the cylinder head ; in a last embodiment, such machining can be performed simultaneously and in correspondence on the two cylinder head parts in a complementary way.
  • the orifices circulars 13 and 14 allowing the circulation of pressurized oil can be made radially and no longer vertically at the top 5 of the cylinder head.
  • Two conduits 23 and 24, respectively in connection with the holes 13 and 14 are then made in order to connect these holes to the space ring 15 in which the pressurized oil circulates.
  • Another variant may relate to the precise positioning of the two parts of cylinder head between them, variant in which the part upper 5 has in its lower surface a recess with the dimensions external parts of the lower part 3 of the cylinder head, the two parts coming center one on top of the other as shown in figure 3.
  • the lower part 3 of cylinder head and cylinder 60 are produced in a single block; more precisely, the one-piece cylinder / cylinder head assembly thus formed form then a blind cylinder comprising in its upper portion a bore concave conical 18 whose upper end ends in the form a cylindrical bore 17 inside which the second stage 2 of the piston slides.
  • This embodiment makes it possible in particular to remove the joint plane between the two elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Zylinderkopf eines mehrstufigen Kolbenmotors, der aus zwei Teilen besteht, nämlich aus einem oberen Teil (5) und aus einem unteren Teil (3), mit der Eigenheit, dass zwischen diesen zwei Teilen ein Freiraum vorgesehen ist, um ein feststehendes, dem Kreisumfang entsprechend kontinuierliches Dichtungssegment (4) aufzunehmen ; die Aussenflächen des Dichtungssegments (4) stehen in dem Teil des Zylinderkopfs, in dem dieser Freiraum eingerichtet ist, mit dem umlaufenden Öl in Verbindung.
  2. Zylinderkopf nach Forderung 1, mit der Eigenheit, dass die zwei Teile (3) und (5) des Zylinderkopfs jeweils mit einer zylindrischen Bohrung (17) und (16) ausgestattet sind, in koaxialer Lage zur der des anderen Teils, - diese Bohrungen können in die zweite Stufe (2) des gestuften Kolben eindringen.
  3. Zylinderkopf nach Forderung 1, mit der Eigenheit, dass der zwischen den zwei Teilen (3) und (5) eingerichtete Freiraum durch eine Passscheibe (20) abgegrenzt wird.
  4. Zylinderkopf nach den Forderungen 1 und 2, mit der Eigenheit, dass der zwischen den zwei Teilen (3) und (5) eingerichtete Freiraum mit Hilfe von einer oder mehrerer spanabhebenden Formgebungen auf einem der zwei Teile oder auf den zwei Teilen (3) und (5) des Zylinderkopfs definiert wird.
  5. Zylinderkopf nach einer der vorangegangenen Forderungen, mit der Eigenheit, dass das Segment, das in dem zwischen den zwei Teilen des Zylinderkopfs eingerichteten Freiraum eingesetzt wird, eine im Verhältnis zur Oberfläche der zylindrischen Bohrungen (16) und (17) leicht ausgestülpte innere Oberfläche besitzt.
  6. Zylinderkopf nach der Forderung 3, mit der Eigenheit, dass die Dicke des Segments (4) um einige Mikron geringer ist, als die der Passscheibe (20), was eine Feineinpassung des Segments erlaubt.
  7. Zylinderkopf nach den Forderungen 3 und 6, mit der Eigenheit, dass die oberen und unteren Oberflächen der Passscheibe (20) und des Segments (4), wie auch die Oberflächen eines jeden Teils (3) und (5) des Zylinderkopfs, die mit diesen Bauteilen in Kontakt stehen, eben und feingeschliffen sind.
  8. Zylinderkopf nach den Forderungen 3, 6 und 7, mit der Eigenheit, dass zwischen der inneren Oberfläche der Passscheibe (20) und der Aussenfläche des Segments (4) ein kreisförmiger Freiraum (15) für eine unter Druck stehende Ölschmierung eingerichtet ist.
  9. Zylinderkopf nach einer der vorangegangenen Forderungen, mit der Eigenheit, dass auf seinem oberen Teil (5) zwei kreisförmige Öffnungen (13) und (14) angebracht sind, die jeweils den Eingang und den Ausgang des unter Druck stehenden Öls kennzeichnen, wobei jede dieser Öffnungen mit dem kreisförmigen Freiraum (15) in Verbindung steht.
  10. Zylinderkopf nach einer der vorangegangen Forderungen, mit der Eigenheit, dass sein unterer Teil (3) und der Zylinder (60) aus einem einzigen Baustück hergestellt sind, wobei dann der obere Teil des Zylinders vom Teil (3) des Zylinderkopfs gebildet wird.
EP96912094A 1995-04-12 1996-04-11 Zylinderkopf für stufenkolbenmotor Expired - Lifetime EP0765439B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9504571 1995-04-12
FR9504571A FR2733007B1 (fr) 1995-04-12 1995-04-12 Culasse de moteur a piston etage
PCT/FR1996/000542 WO1996032581A1 (fr) 1995-04-12 1996-04-11 Culasse de moteur a piston etage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0765439A1 EP0765439A1 (de) 1997-04-02
EP0765439B1 true EP0765439B1 (de) 1999-09-22

Family

ID=9478172

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96912094A Expired - Lifetime EP0765439B1 (de) 1995-04-12 1996-04-11 Zylinderkopf für stufenkolbenmotor

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0765439B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69604355T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2733007B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1996032581A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR504561A (fr) * 1919-10-06 1920-07-08 Joseph Micheloni Moteur deux temps à compression préalable
GB170969A (en) * 1920-08-09 1921-11-09 Walter Kirk Edgar Improvements in two stroke internal combustion engines
GB790508A (en) * 1955-08-15 1958-02-12 Hedges Motor Company Inc Improvements in two-stroke internal combustion engines
GB977678A (en) * 1962-09-20 1964-12-09 Ruston & Hornsby Ltd Improvements in internal combustion engine cylinder heads
US3404665A (en) * 1966-07-19 1968-10-08 Eugene R. Barnett Power unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2733007A1 (fr) 1996-10-18
DE69604355T2 (de) 2000-08-10
DE69604355D1 (de) 1999-10-28
WO1996032581A1 (fr) 1996-10-17
FR2733007B1 (fr) 1997-05-23
EP0765439A1 (de) 1997-04-02

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