EP0764055B1 - Pollution separating and purifying apparatus for at least one fluid mixture - Google Patents

Pollution separating and purifying apparatus for at least one fluid mixture Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0764055B1
EP0764055B1 EP95923367A EP95923367A EP0764055B1 EP 0764055 B1 EP0764055 B1 EP 0764055B1 EP 95923367 A EP95923367 A EP 95923367A EP 95923367 A EP95923367 A EP 95923367A EP 0764055 B1 EP0764055 B1 EP 0764055B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
cylindrical body
plates
mixture
treated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95923367A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0764055A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Laurent Saget
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0764055A1 publication Critical patent/EP0764055A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0764055B1 publication Critical patent/EP0764055B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/12—Centrifuges in which rotors other than bowls generate centrifugal effects in stationary containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/12—Centrifuges in which rotors other than bowls generate centrifugal effects in stationary containers
    • B04B2005/125—Centrifuges in which rotors other than bowls generate centrifugal effects in stationary containers the rotors comprising separating walls

Definitions

  • fluid mixture generally designates a gaseous or liquid mixture polluted by solid, liquid or mixed.
  • FIG. 1 represents schematically, from a given starting point A, the trajectories of particles of different dimensions, in an apparatus comprising a rotor provided with plates 1 and mounted in a fixed cylindrical body 2.
  • the lowest trajectories designated by the references t 1 and t 2 , relate to impurities whose dimensions are respectively of the order of 5 microns and 3 microns.
  • the references t 3 to t 11 designate, from bottom to top, the trajectories of impurities whose dimensions are less than 3 microns and go down, the trajectory t 11 relating more precisely to the particles whose dimensions are of the order of 0.2 microns.
  • the present invention proposes to remedy these drawbacks of existing devices to achieve significantly greater degrees of separation high.
  • the input member is located between the rotor and the member extraction, and has an annular chamber having one end upper closed and an open lower end connected to the space annular, an inlet of the mixture to be treated into said annular chamber, and a central column with upper and lower ends open, while the apparatus includes means for generating, in annular space, a downward helical movement in the same direction of rotation as said upward helical movement.
  • this new concept does not not attempt to modify or arrange the annular space to avoid gas lift, but aims to use it to create movement descending helical.
  • the fluid mixture entering the device is first subjected to helical movement down to the bottom of the rotor, then back in the upward helical movement through the openings in the plates of this rotor, and crosses the central column of the input organ before coming out purified by the extraction member.
  • This flow including a peripheral helical movement descending and a central ascending helical movement, the speed of which rotation is greater than that of the previous one, corresponds to a flow cyclonic conventional, that the invention allows to control and bring to profit for centrifugal separation.
  • the final centrifugal separation is carried out in the central ascending helical movement. Its very high rotation speed separates the smaller particles that settle on the plates and are driven towards the periphery of the rotor, and therefore towards the annular space. They can then aggregate with already separated particles and be entrained down to be collected in the collection hopper. Some very small particles, if they remain unaggregated, and if they are not separated during the optional intermediate separation stage, will be recycled in the helical movement where they will be again subjected to the centrifugal separation process.
  • the downward helical movement therefore has a double effect, since it not only avoids the rise of particles in the annular space, but also to carry out a first separation of the fluid mixture as soon as it enters the device.
  • Means for generating the downward helical movement include a helical distributor having a plurality of blades oblique fixed and arranged in the upper part of the annular space, and means for guiding the fluid mixture in this annular space, associated with the rotor.
  • the helical distributor accelerates the fluid mixture entering the device, the inclination of the oblique blades being determined so as to give the flow a tangential speed adapted to the speed of rotation of the rotor and to avoid the appearance of turbulence in space annular.
  • the apparatus comprises a member for sequestration mounted fixed in the cylindrical body, under the rotor and above the collection hopper, and which comprises a plurality of blades radial, extending from a region near the body wall cylindrical to a central region and raised relative to a plane perpendicular to the rotor axis, in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of said rotor.
  • the mixture coming out of the downward helical movement and approaching the upward helical movement forms a vortex in the part of the cylindrical body of the device located under the rotor.
  • the organ of sequestration allows this whirlpool to be used to carry out the stage separation intermediate previously mentioned.
  • the blades inclined radials trap particles in the lower part whirlwind.
  • the general reference 10 in FIG. 2 designates an apparatus separator and purifier of pollution of at least one fluid mixture according to the invention.
  • This device comprises a cylindrical body 12, a member 14 inlet of the fluid mixture into the fixed cylindrical body 12, a rotor 16, mounted in the cylindrical body 12 and having a stack of at least two perforated plates 18 which extend radially towards the wall of the cylindrical body 12, while leaving an annular space 20 between the periphery of the plates and said wall.
  • the rotor 16 cooperates with means generating a pressure drop at the top of the device 10.
  • This rotor the direction of rotation is indicated by arrow R, generates a helical movement upward of the mixture to be treated in the same direction of rotation.
  • the apparatus further comprises a hopper 22 for collecting the phase heavy separate, this hopper being connected to the cylindrical body 12 under the rotor 16 and being provided with a means 24 of forced evacuation isolated from outside.
  • the apparatus also comprises a member 26 for extracting the mixture treated, connected to the cylindrical body 12 above the rotor 16.
  • the mixture to be treated enters in the direction of arrow E and the outlet, by the extraction member, of the treated mixture takes place in the direction arrow S.
  • the extraction member 26 is located at the top of the device, but the means to generate the pressure drop and the means to drive the rotor in rotation are located above this member 26 since, as indicated by the line L in dashed lines, the entire upper part of the device is not shown.
  • the collection hopper is located at the bottom of the appliance 10.
  • the input member 14 is located between the rotor 16 and the extraction member 26.
  • This inlet member 14 has a annular chamber 28 whose upper end 28a is closed, while the lower end 28b is open and is connected to the annular space 20.
  • the member 14 also has an inlet 30 of the mixture to be treated which opens into the annular chamber 28.
  • this entry 30 can be produced by a tangential input volute.
  • the member 14 also has a central column 32 which is separate of the annular chamber 28 by a cylindrical wall 34.
  • the column central 32 has an open upper end 32a and one end lower 32b also open.
  • the apparatus includes means for generating, in the annular space 20 a downward helical movement in the same direction of rotation as the above-mentioned helical upward movement.
  • the arrows F symbolize the general direction of circulation of a mixing in the device 10. These arrows F do not, however, take into account centrifugal fields giving rise to separation.
  • Means for generating the downward helical movement include a helical distributor 36, arranged in the upper part annular space 20, i.e. just below the chamber annular 28, and means for guiding the fluid mixture in space annular 20, associated with the rotor, and which will be explained below.
  • the helical distributor 36 shown in Figures 3a and 3b, is in the form of an annular element fixed to the wall of the body cylindrical 12, and has a plurality of fixed oblique blades designated by the general reference 38.
  • the blade oblique 38a extends over the sum of the angular sectors a and b.
  • the oblique blades are therefore arranged in slight axial overlap.
  • FIG. 3b it can be seen that passing the rotating mixture in the direction R between the oblique blades 38 accelerates the latter and gives its tangential speed a component down.
  • the inclination of the blades oblique is calculated so that this tangential speed of rotation is adapted to that of the rotor.
  • the means for guiding the fluid mixture in the annular space 20 are better visible in Figures 2 and 8. They include a fixed ring 40 disposed between the lower end of the inner wall 34 of the chamber annular 28 and the periphery of the upper plate 18a of the rotor 16. We see besides that the helical distributor 36 is placed at the level of this ring 40.
  • These guide means further include skirts peripherals 42 which equip the periphery of the plates 18 of the rotor 16. If we consider one of the rotor plates, for example plate 18b, we see that the peripheral skirt 42b which the team extends downward at least until the axial height of the periphery of the plate 18c immediately located under plate 18b. This is of course not visible on the bottom plate 18d, the skirt of which can however be produced in a similar manner to that of other plates.
  • the fixed ring 40 and the skirts 42 play the role of deflectors which naturally cause the gas mixture to flow down rather only to go up between the plates.
  • the plates 18 of the rotor have the shape of cones open downwards.
  • the skirts peripherals 42 also have the shape of cones open at the bottom, whose angle at the top is however less than that of the plates.
  • the device makes it possible to carry out a centrifugal pre-separation in the annular space 20 and a separation final centrifugal in the central part. It can make it possible, in in addition, an intermediate stage of separation in the space 44 which is located, in the cylindrical body 12, below the rotor 16 and above the collection hopper 22.
  • the apparatus includes a sequestration 46 fixedly mounted in the cylindrical body 12 and to the part space 44.
  • This sequestration organ 46 shown in more detail on the Figures 4a and 4b, comprises a plurality of radial blades 48 which extend from a region close to the wall of the body 12 to a central region and are raised relative to a plane P perpendicular to the axis I of the rotor 16, in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation R of said rotor.
  • the direction of tilt of these blades 46 allows them to trap particles entrained in the part bottom of the vortex that occurs in space 44, and to drive them to the hopper 22.
  • the sequestration device 46 can for example be fixed on a fixed sleeve mounted on a bearing holding the rotor shaft.
  • the blades 48 are integral a disc 50 having perforated sectors 52.
  • the blades 48 are fixed on one of the radial edges of the sectors 52, raised relative to the disc 50 and extend beyond the other radial edge of sector 52.
  • the disc 50 can be fixed on the wall of the cylindrical body 12, in which case its periphery has recesses 54 allowing the free passage of impurities collected along from the wall 12 to the hopper 22.
  • the sequestration 46 is fixed inside a trapping cylinder 56, and in the lower part of the latter.
  • This trapping cylinder 56 is parallel to the cylindrical body 12 and mounted in space 44 while preserving a radial clearance j relative to the wall of the cylindrical body 12.
  • the separated particles descending along the wall of the body 12 are thus trapped in space formed by the clearance j between the wall of the cylinder 56 and that of the body 12 and descend into the collection hopper 22 without risking being put back into circulation in the fluid mixture.
  • the openings in the plates are constituted by slots 58 which have two radial edges 59, thus an outer edge 60 and an inner edge 61 which extend substantially along the circumference of the plates 18.
  • the edge external device 60 of the slots 58 is equipped with a flange directed towards the high.
  • this rim is designated by the reference 62 and is constituted by an upward fold of a tongue formed when cutting the slots 58.
  • the edges equipping each of the slots of the same plate 18 are constituted by portions of the same annular deflector 64 integral with the upper face of this plate.
  • This deflector 64 includes a portion 64a parallel to the surface of the plates and fixed on these plates for example using points of welding, and a raised part 64b.
  • peripheral skirts 42 plates 18 and the edges 62 or 64b of the slots 58 of these plates are advantageously directed in substantially parallel directions.
  • the edges contribute to guiding the fluid mixture in the annular space 20 and a semi-continuous wall formed is obtained by the ring 40, the edges and the skirts.
  • skirt 42 of a given plate extends downward at least to the level of the periphery of the plate immediately lower, in fact the skirts 42 can even be in slight overlap with each other.
  • the device may include an external jacket 70, arranged around a part of the cylindrical body 12 and which, with the wall of said body 12, delimits an enclosure 72.
  • Means are used to circulate a cooling fluid in this enclosure 72. These means include for example a nozzle 74 for injecting the liquid cooling, arranged at the upper part of the enclosure 72, and an outlet lower 76 of the liquid.
  • the coolant cools the wall of the cylindrical body 12, which makes it possible to cool the fluid mixture circulating in the device thanks to the convection phenomena which find increased due to the existence of the centrifugal field which reigns in the device.
  • the outer jacket 70 can cover part of the body 12 or its whole.
  • the shaft 15 of the rotor 16 is held in its lower part by a bearing 78.
  • the fluid mixture which can be relatively hot, circulates in the vicinity of the bearing 78, the latter may heat up.
  • the enclosure 72 can be extended below the bearing 78, and provide therein circulation channels for the cooling.
  • the apparatus comprises means for injecting a washing liquid into the annular space 20, in the vicinity of its upper end, directly below the helical distributor 36.
  • These means consist for example in nozzles 80 for injecting a washing liquid regularly distributed to the circumference of the upper part of the annular space 20. The liquid washing will cause the separated impurities in the annular space 20 to the collection hopper 22.
  • the radial dimensions r 1 of the central column 32 of the input member 14 are substantially equal to the extreme radial dimensions of the openings in the rotor 16.
  • the upward helical movement thus circulates in a column whose radius remains substantially constant from the bottom of the rotor 16 to the top of the central column 32.
  • the radius r 1 being much smaller than the radius r 2 of the cylindrical body 12, which corresponds to the radius of the downward helical movement, the fluid mixture is greatly accelerated tangentially from this downward helical movement to the upward helical movement.
  • the radial dimensions spaces for circulation of the fluid mixture formed in the elements of the apparatus 10 which are located above the input member 14 are advantageously at most equal to those of the central column 32.

Abstract

Pollution separator and purifier apparatus (10) for at least one fluid mixture comprises: an inlet member (14) for admitting the fluid mixture to be treated into a stationary cylindrical body (12); a rotor mounted in the cylindrical body (12) and having a stack of at least two plates (18) with openings, cooperating with means that generate a pressure drop in the top portion of the apparatus and generating upward helical motion in the mixture to be treated; a hopper (22) for collecting the heavy phase, connected to the cylindrical body (12) beneath the rotor (16) and provided with forced evacuation means (24); and an extractor member (26) for extracting the treated mixture, and connected to the cylindrical body (12) above the rotor (16). The inlet member (14) is situated between the rotor (16) and the extractor member (26), and includes an annular chamber (28) connected to the annular gap (20) that exists between the periphery of the plates (18) and the wall of the cylindrical body (12), an inlet (30) for admitting the mixture to be treated into said annular chamber (28), and a central column (32). The apparatus includes means (26, 40, 42) for generating downward helical motion in the annular gap (20).

Description

L'invention concerne un appareil séparateur et épurateur de la pollution d'au moins un mélange fluide comprenant :

  • un organe d'entrée du mélange fluide à traiter dans un corps cylindrique fixe,
  • un rotor, monté dans ce corps cylindrique et présentant un empilage d'au moins deux plaques à ajourages s'étendant radialement vers la paroi dudit corps cylindrique, un espace annulaire subsistant entre la périphérie des plaques et la paroi du corps cylindrique, ledit rotor coopérant avec des moyens générant une chute de pression à la partie supérieure de l'appareil, et générant un mouvement hélicoïdal ascendant du mélange à traiter dont le sens de rotation est le même que celui du rotor,
  • une trémie de collecte de la phase lourde, raccordée au corps cylindrique sous le rotor et munie d'un moyen d'évacuation forcée isolé de l'extérieur,
  • un organe d'extraction du mélange traité, raccordé au corps cylindrique au-dessus du rotor.
The invention relates to an apparatus for separating and purifying pollution from at least one fluid mixture comprising:
  • an inlet member for the fluid mixture to be treated in a fixed cylindrical body,
  • a rotor, mounted in this cylindrical body and having a stack of at least two perforated plates extending radially towards the wall of said cylindrical body, an annular space remaining between the periphery of the plates and the wall of the cylindrical body, said cooperating rotor with means generating a pressure drop at the top of the device, and generating an upward helical movement of the mixture to be treated, the direction of rotation of which is the same as that of the rotor,
  • a heavy phase collection hopper, connected to the cylindrical body under the rotor and provided with a forced evacuation means isolated from the outside,
  • a member for extracting the treated mixture, connected to the cylindrical body above the rotor.

L'expression "mélange fluide" désigne de manière générale un mélange gazeux ou liquide pollué par des impuretés solides, liquides ou mixtes.The expression "fluid mixture" generally designates a gaseous or liquid mixture polluted by solid, liquid or mixed.

De tels appareils connus, dans lesquels l'organe d'entrée est situé sous le rotor et au-dessus de la trémie de collecte, donnent d'assez bons résultats et permettent d'éliminer presque complètement les impuretés dont les dimensions sont de l'ordre de 3 microns ou davantage. Ils restent toutefois relativement inadaptés à la séparation d'impuretés plus petites.Such known devices, in which the input member is located under the rotor and above the collection hopper give fairly good results and make it possible to almost completely eliminate the impurities whose dimensions are of the order of 3 microns or more. They remain however relatively unsuitable for the separation of smaller impurities.

On a constaté que, dans ces appareils, une fraction du mélange fluide a tendance à s'écouler dans l'espace annulaire et à entraíner vers le haut, et donc vers l'organe d'extraction, les impuretés les plus petites.It has been found that, in these devices, a fraction of the fluid mixture tends to flow in the annular space and to drive upwards, and therefore towards the extraction organ, the smallest impurities.

C'est ce qu'illustre la figure 1 annexée, qui représente schématiquement, à partir d'un point A de départ donné, les trajectoires de particules de différentes dimensions, dans un appareil comprenant un rotor muni de plaques 1 et monté dans un corps cylindrique fixe 2.This is illustrated in attached figure 1, which represents schematically, from a given starting point A, the trajectories of particles of different dimensions, in an apparatus comprising a rotor provided with plates 1 and mounted in a fixed cylindrical body 2.

Les trajectoires les plus basses, désignées par les références t1 et t2, concernent les impuretés dont les dimensions sont respectivement de l'ordre de 5 microns et de 3 microns.The lowest trajectories, designated by the references t 1 and t 2 , relate to impurities whose dimensions are respectively of the order of 5 microns and 3 microns.

Ces impuretés, soumises au champ centrifuge régnant dans l'appareil, sont entraínées vers la paroi du corps cylindrique 2, contre laquelle elles redescendront ensuite vers la trémie de collecte pour être effectivement séparées du mélange fluide.These impurities, subjected to the centrifugal field prevailing in the device, are driven towards the wall of the cylindrical body 2, against which they will then descend to the collection hopper to be effectively separated from the fluid mixture.

Les références t3 à t11 désignent, de bas en haut, les trajectoires d'impuretés dont les dimensions sont inférieures à 3 microns et vont en décroissant, la trajectoire t11 concernant plus précisément les particules dont les dimensions sont de l'ordre de 0,2 microns.The references t 3 to t 11 designate, from bottom to top, the trajectories of impurities whose dimensions are less than 3 microns and go down, the trajectory t 11 relating more precisely to the particles whose dimensions are of the order of 0.2 microns.

On constate qu'en deçà de 3 microns, les particules sont effectivement déviées sous l'effet du champ centrifuge (cet effet se faisant de moins en moins sentir à mesure que la taille des particules diminue), mais sont entraínées vers le haut par la fraction du mélange fluide qui s'écoule dans l'espace annulaire 3, de sorte qu'elle échappent en fait à la séparation centrifuge.We see that below 3 microns, the particles are actually deflected under the effect of the centrifugal field (this effect being less and less felt as the particle size decreases), but are driven upward by the fraction of the flowing fluid mixture in annular space 3, so that they actually escape separation centrifugal.

Il est évidemment impossible de supprimer l'espace annulaire, qui est nécessaire à la rotation des plaques et à la descente des impuretés les moins petites le long de la paroi.It is obviously impossible to delete the annular space, which is necessary for the rotation of the plates and the descent of the least impurities small along the wall.

On a donc tenté d'endiguer de tels phénomènes en disposant des lames obliques intercalaires sur la paroi, de manière à créer des discontinuités de l'espace annulaire, sans empêcher la descente des particules séparées.We therefore tried to stem such phenomena by having the oblique intermediate sheets on the wall, so as to create discontinuities of the annular space, without preventing the descent of the separate particles.

Cette solution est relativement efficace, mais ne permet pas encore d'atteindre des coefficients de séparation satisfaisants parmi les particules les plus petites.This solution is relatively effective, but does not yet allow to achieve satisfactory separation coefficients among the particles the smallest.

La présente invention se propose de remédier à ces inconvénients des appareils existants pour atteindre des degrés de séparation notablement plus élevés.The present invention proposes to remedy these drawbacks of existing devices to achieve significantly greater degrees of separation high.

Dans ce but, l'organe d'entrée est situé entre le rotor et l'organe d'extraction, et comporte une chambre annulaire présentant une extrémité supérieure fermée et une extrémité inférieure ouverte raccordée à l'espace annulaire, une entrée du mélange à traiter dans ladite chambre annulaire, et une colonne centrale présentant des extrémités supérieure et inférieure ouvertes, tandis que l'appareil comporte des moyens pour générer, dans l'espace annulaire, un mouvement hélicoïdal descendant de même sens de rotation que ledit mouvement hélicoïdal ascendant.For this purpose, the input member is located between the rotor and the member extraction, and has an annular chamber having one end upper closed and an open lower end connected to the space annular, an inlet of the mixture to be treated into said annular chamber, and a central column with upper and lower ends open, while the apparatus includes means for generating, in annular space, a downward helical movement in the same direction of rotation as said upward helical movement.

Contrairement aux dispositions connues, cette conception nouvelle ne tente pas de modifier ou d'aménager l'espace annulaire pour y éviter la remontée des gaz, mais vise à l'utiliser pour y créer un mouvement hélicoïdal descendant.Contrary to known arrangements, this new concept does not not attempt to modify or arrange the annular space to avoid gas lift, but aims to use it to create movement descending helical.

Ainsi, le mélange fluide entrant dans l'appareil est d'abord soumis au mouvement hélicoïdal descendant jusqu'au bas du rotor, puis remonte dans le mouvement hélicoïdal ascendant par les ajourages des plaques de ce rotor, et traverse la colonne centrale de l'organe d'entrée avant de ressortir purifié par l'organe d'extraction.Thus, the fluid mixture entering the device is first subjected to helical movement down to the bottom of the rotor, then back in the upward helical movement through the openings in the plates of this rotor, and crosses the central column of the input organ before coming out purified by the extraction member.

Cet écoulement, comprenant un mouvement hélicoïdal périphérique descendant et un mouvement hélicoïdal central ascendant, dont la vitesse de rotation est supérieure à celle du précédent, correspond à un écoulement cyclonique conventionnel, que l'invention permet de maítriser et de mettre à profit pour la séparation centrifuge.This flow, including a peripheral helical movement descending and a central ascending helical movement, the speed of which rotation is greater than that of the previous one, corresponds to a flow cyclonic conventional, that the invention allows to control and bring to profit for centrifugal separation.

Au cours de ce trajet, une pré-séparation centrifuge est réalisée dans le mouvement hélicoïdal descendant, au cours de laquelle les particules les plus importantes sont séparées et recueillies dans la trémie de collecte.During this journey, a centrifugal pre-separation is carried out in the downward helical movement, during which the particles larger are separated and collected in the collection hopper.

On verra dans la suite que cette pré-séparation peut être suivie par une étape intermédiaire qui se déroule au bas du rotor, et qu'elle peut donner lieu à un lavage du mélange fluide.We will see below that this pre-separation can be followed by an intermediate stage which takes place at the bottom of the rotor, and which it can give wash the fluid mixture.

De manière connue, la séparation centrifuge finale est réalisée dans le mouvement hélicoïdal ascendant central. Sa vitesse de rotation très élevée permet de séparer les particules plus réduites qui se déposent sur les plaques et sont entraínées vers la périphérie du rotor, et donc vers l'espace annulaire. Elles peuvent alors s'agréger aux particules déjà séparées et être entraínées vers le bas pour être recueillies dans la trémie de collecte. Certaines particules très petites, si elles restent non agrégées, et si elles ne sont pas séparées lors de l'étape intermédiaire de séparation éventuellement prévue, seront recyclées dans le mouvement hélicoïdal où elles seront à nouveau soumises au processus de séparation centrifuge.In known manner, the final centrifugal separation is carried out in the central ascending helical movement. Its very high rotation speed separates the smaller particles that settle on the plates and are driven towards the periphery of the rotor, and therefore towards the annular space. They can then aggregate with already separated particles and be entrained down to be collected in the collection hopper. Some very small particles, if they remain unaggregated, and if they are not separated during the optional intermediate separation stage, will be recycled in the helical movement where they will be again subjected to the centrifugal separation process.

Le mouvement hélicoïdal descendant a donc un effet double, puisqu'il permet non seulement d'éviter la remontée des particules dans l'espace annulaire, mais aussi de mener à bien une première séparation du mélange fluide dès son entrée dans l'appareil.The downward helical movement therefore has a double effect, since it not only avoids the rise of particles in the annular space, but also to carry out a first separation of the fluid mixture as soon as it enters the device.

On peut ainsi séparer des particules dont les dimensions sont inférieures à 3 microns.We can thus separate particles whose dimensions are less than 3 microns.

Les moyens pour générer le mouvement hélicoïdal descendant comprennent un distributeur hélicoïdal, présentant une pluralité de pales obliques fixes et disposé dans la partie supérieure de l'espace annulaire, et des moyens de guidage du mélange fluide dans cet espace annulaire, associés au rotor.Means for generating the downward helical movement include a helical distributor having a plurality of blades oblique fixed and arranged in the upper part of the annular space, and means for guiding the fluid mixture in this annular space, associated with the rotor.

La partie supérieure de l'appareil étant mise en dépression, le mélange, guidé par les moyens de guidage, tend naturellement à emprunter d'abord l'espace annulaire avant de remonter dans la partie centrale de l'appareil par les ajourages du rotor.The upper part of the apparatus being placed under vacuum, the mixture, guided by the guide means, naturally tends to borrow first the annular space before going up in the central part of the device by the openings of the rotor.

Le distributeur hélicoïdal accélère le mélange fluide entrant dans l'appareil, l'inclinaison des pales obliques étant déterminée de manière à conférer à l'écoulement une vitesse tangentielle adaptée à la vitesse de rotation du rotor et à éviter l'apparition de turbulence dans l'espace annulaire.The helical distributor accelerates the fluid mixture entering the device, the inclination of the oblique blades being determined so as to give the flow a tangential speed adapted to the speed of rotation of the rotor and to avoid the appearance of turbulence in space annular.

De manière avantageuse, l'appareil comporte un organe de séquestration monté fixe dans le corps cylindrique, sous le rotor et au-dessus de la trémie de collecte, et qui comprend une pluralité de pales radiales, s'étendant depuis une région proche de la paroi du corps cylindrique jusqu'à une région centrale et relevées par rapport à un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe du rotor, dans le sens opposé au sens de rotation dudit rotor.Advantageously, the apparatus comprises a member for sequestration mounted fixed in the cylindrical body, under the rotor and above the collection hopper, and which comprises a plurality of blades radial, extending from a region near the body wall cylindrical to a central region and raised relative to a plane perpendicular to the rotor axis, in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of said rotor.

En fait, le mélange sortant du mouvement hélicoïdal descendant et abordant le mouvement hélicoïdal ascendant forme un tourbillon dans la partie du corps cylindrique de l'appareil situé sous le rotor. L'organe de séquestration permet d'utiliser ce tourbillon pour réaliser l'étape intermédiaire de séparation précédemment évoquée. En effet, les pales radiales inclinées piègent les particules contenues dans la partie inférieure du tourbillon.In fact, the mixture coming out of the downward helical movement and approaching the upward helical movement forms a vortex in the part of the cylindrical body of the device located under the rotor. The organ of sequestration allows this whirlpool to be used to carry out the stage separation intermediate previously mentioned. Indeed, the blades inclined radials trap particles in the lower part whirlwind.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et ses avantages apparaítront mieux à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit, d'un appareil selon l'invention indiqué à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. La description se réfère aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 2 est une coupe longitudinale d'un appareil selon l'invention,
  • la figure 3a est une vue de dessus du distributeur hélicoïdal,
  • la figure 3b est une coupe développée du même distributeur hélicoïdal,
  • la figure 4a est une vue de dessus de l'organe de séquestration,
  • la figure 4b est une coupe développée de cet organe de séquestration,
  • la figure 5a est une demi-vue de dessus d'une plaque du rotor selon une première variante,
  • la figure 5b est une vue de côté de la plaque de la figure 5a,
  • la figure 6 montre schématiquement un empilement de plaques selon cette variante,
  • la figure 7a est une vue de dessus d'une plaque selon une autre variante,
  • la figure 7b est une vue de côté de la plaque de la figure 7a,
  • la figure 8 est une coupe longitudinale d'une partie de l'appareil équipé d'un dispositif de lavage et d'un dispositif de refroidissement.
The invention will be better understood and its advantages will appear better on reading the following detailed description of an apparatus according to the invention indicated by way of nonlimiting examples. The description refers to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of an apparatus according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3a is a top view of the helical distributor,
  • FIG. 3b is a developed section of the same helical distributor,
  • FIG. 4a is a top view of the sequestration member,
  • FIG. 4b is a developed section of this sequestration organ,
  • FIG. 5a is a half top view of a plate of the rotor according to a first variant,
  • FIG. 5b is a side view of the plate of FIG. 5a,
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a stack of plates according to this variant,
  • FIG. 7a is a top view of a plate according to another variant,
  • FIG. 7b is a side view of the plate of FIG. 7a,
  • Figure 8 is a longitudinal section of a part of the apparatus equipped with a washing device and a cooling device.

La référence générale 10 sur la figure 2 désigne un appareil séparateur et épurateur de la pollution d'au moins un mélange fluide selon l'invention. Cet appareil comporte un corps cylindrique 12, un organe 14 d'entrée du mélange fluide dans le corps cylindrique fixe 12, un rotor 16, monté dans le corps cylindrique 12 et présentant un empilage d'au moins deux plaques 18 à ajourages qui s'étendent radialement vers la paroi du corps cylindrique 12, tout en laissant subsister un espace annulaire 20 entre la périphérie des plaques et ladite paroi.The general reference 10 in FIG. 2 designates an apparatus separator and purifier of pollution of at least one fluid mixture according to the invention. This device comprises a cylindrical body 12, a member 14 inlet of the fluid mixture into the fixed cylindrical body 12, a rotor 16, mounted in the cylindrical body 12 and having a stack of at least two perforated plates 18 which extend radially towards the wall of the cylindrical body 12, while leaving an annular space 20 between the periphery of the plates and said wall.

De manière connue, le rotor 16 coopère avec des moyens générant une chute de pression à la partie supérieure de l'appareil 10. Ce rotor, dont le sens de rotation est indiqué par la flèche R, génère un mouvement hélicoïdal ascendant du mélange à traiter dans le même sens de rotation.In known manner, the rotor 16 cooperates with means generating a pressure drop at the top of the device 10. This rotor, the direction of rotation is indicated by arrow R, generates a helical movement upward of the mixture to be treated in the same direction of rotation.

L'appareil comprend en outre une trémie 22 de collecte de la phase lourde séparée, cette trémie étant raccordée au corps cylindrique 12 sous le rotor 16 et étant munie d'un moyen 24 d'évacuation forcée isolée de l'extérieur.The apparatus further comprises a hopper 22 for collecting the phase heavy separate, this hopper being connected to the cylindrical body 12 under the rotor 16 and being provided with a means 24 of forced evacuation isolated from outside.

L'appareil comporte encore un organe 26 d'extraction du mélange traité, raccordé au corps cylindrique 12 au-dessus du rotor 16.The apparatus also comprises a member 26 for extracting the mixture treated, connected to the cylindrical body 12 above the rotor 16.

L'entrée du mélange à traiter s'effectue dans le sens de la flèche E et la sortie, par l'organe d'extraction, du mélange traité s'effectue dans le sens de la flèche S.The mixture to be treated enters in the direction of arrow E and the outlet, by the extraction member, of the treated mixture takes place in the direction arrow S.

L'organe d'extraction 26 est situé à la partie supérieure de l'appareil, mais les moyens pour générer la chute de pression et les moyens pour entraíner le rotor en rotation sont situés au-dessus de cet organe 26 puisque, comme l'indique la ligne L en traits mixtes, la totalité de la partie supérieure de l'appareil n'est pas représentée.The extraction member 26 is located at the top of the device, but the means to generate the pressure drop and the means to drive the rotor in rotation are located above this member 26 since, as indicated by the line L in dashed lines, the entire upper part of the device is not shown.

A l'opposé, la trémie de collecte est située à la partie inférieure de l'appareil 10.In contrast, the collection hopper is located at the bottom of the appliance 10.

Comme on le voit sur la figure 2, l'organe d'entrée 14 est situé entre le rotor 16 et l'organe d'extraction 26. Cet organe d'entrée 14 présente une chambre annulaire 28 dont l'extrémité supérieure 28a est fermée, tandis que l'extrémité inférieure 28b est ouverte et est raccordée à l'espace annulaire 20. L'organe 14 présente en outre une entrée 30 du mélange à traiter qui débouche dans la chambre annulaire 28.As seen in Figure 2, the input member 14 is located between the rotor 16 and the extraction member 26. This inlet member 14 has a annular chamber 28 whose upper end 28a is closed, while the lower end 28b is open and is connected to the annular space 20. The member 14 also has an inlet 30 of the mixture to be treated which opens into the annular chamber 28.

De manière avantageuse, et comme le montre la figure, cette entrée 30 peut être réalisée par une volute d'entrée tangentielle.Advantageously, and as shown in the figure, this entry 30 can be produced by a tangential input volute.

L'organe 14 présente encore une colonne centrale 32 qui est séparée de la chambre annulaire 28 par une paroi cylindrique 34. La colonne centrale 32 présente une extrémité supérieure 32a ouverte et une extrémité inférieure 32b également ouverte.The member 14 also has a central column 32 which is separate of the annular chamber 28 by a cylindrical wall 34. The column central 32 has an open upper end 32a and one end lower 32b also open.

L'appareil comporte des moyens pour générer, dans l'espace annulaire 20 un mouvement hélicoïdal descendant de même sens de rotation que le mouvement hélicoïdal ascendant précité.The apparatus includes means for generating, in the annular space 20 a downward helical movement in the same direction of rotation as the above-mentioned helical upward movement.

Les flèches F symbolisent la direction générale de la circulation d'un mélange dans l'appareil 10. Ces flèches F ne tiennent toutefois pas compte des champs centrifuges donnant lieu à la séparation.The arrows F symbolize the general direction of circulation of a mixing in the device 10. These arrows F do not, however, take into account centrifugal fields giving rise to separation.

Les moyens pour générer le mouvement hélicoïdal descendant comprennent un distributeur hélicoïdal 36, disposé dans la partie supérieure de l'espace annulaire 20, c'est-à-dire juste en dessous de la chambre annulaire 28, et des moyens de guidage du mélange fluide dans l'espace annulaire 20, associés au rotor, et qui seront explicités dans la suite.Means for generating the downward helical movement include a helical distributor 36, arranged in the upper part annular space 20, i.e. just below the chamber annular 28, and means for guiding the fluid mixture in space annular 20, associated with the rotor, and which will be explained below.

Le distributeur hélicoïdal 36, représenté sur les figures 3a et 3b, se présente sous la forme d'un élément annulaire fixé sur la paroi du corps cylindrique 12, et comporte une pluralité de pales obliques fixes désignées par la référence générale 38. A la partie supérieure de la figure 3a, la lame oblique 38a s'étend sur la somme des secteurs angulaires a et b. Sur le secteur angulaire b, elle se trouve sous la lame oblique suivante 38b. Les lames obliques sont donc disposées en léger recouvrement axial.The helical distributor 36, shown in Figures 3a and 3b, is in the form of an annular element fixed to the wall of the body cylindrical 12, and has a plurality of fixed oblique blades designated by the general reference 38. In the upper part of FIG. 3a, the blade oblique 38a extends over the sum of the angular sectors a and b. On the angular sector b, it is located under the following oblique blade 38b. The oblique blades are therefore arranged in slight axial overlap.

Sur la figure 3b, on voit que le fait de faire passer le mélange tournant dans le sens R entre les lames obliques 38 accélère ce dernier et confère à sa vitesse tangentielle une composante vers le bas. L'inclinaison des pales obliques est calculée de telle sorte que cette vitesse tangentielle de rotation soit adaptée à celle du rotor.In FIG. 3b, it can be seen that passing the rotating mixture in the direction R between the oblique blades 38 accelerates the latter and gives its tangential speed a component down. The inclination of the blades oblique is calculated so that this tangential speed of rotation is adapted to that of the rotor.

Les moyens de guidage du mélange fluide dans l'espace annulaire 20 sont mieux visibles sur les figures 2 et 8. Ils comprennent une bague fixe 40 disposée entre l'extrémité inférieure de la paroi interne 34 de la chambre annulaire 28 et la périphérie de la plaque supérieure 18a du rotor 16. On voit d'ailleurs que le distributeur hélicoïdal 36 est placé au niveau de cette bague 40.The means for guiding the fluid mixture in the annular space 20 are better visible in Figures 2 and 8. They include a fixed ring 40 disposed between the lower end of the inner wall 34 of the chamber annular 28 and the periphery of the upper plate 18a of the rotor 16. We see besides that the helical distributor 36 is placed at the level of this ring 40.

Ces moyens de guidage comprennent en outre des jupes périphériques 42 qui équipent la périphérie des plaques 18 du rotor 16. Si l'on considère l'une des plaques du rotor, par exemple la plaque 18b, on voit que la jupe périphérique 42b qui l'équipe s'étend vers le bas au moins jusqu'à la hauteur axiale de la périphérie de la plaque 18c immédiatement située sous la plaque 18b. Ceci n'est bien sûr pas repérable sur la plaque inférieure 18d, dont la jupe peut toutefois être réalisée de manière analogue à celle des autres plaques.These guide means further include skirts peripherals 42 which equip the periphery of the plates 18 of the rotor 16. If we consider one of the rotor plates, for example plate 18b, we see that the peripheral skirt 42b which the team extends downward at least until the axial height of the periphery of the plate 18c immediately located under plate 18b. This is of course not visible on the bottom plate 18d, the skirt of which can however be produced in a similar manner to that of other plates.

La bague fixe 40 et les jupes 42 jouent le rôle des déflecteurs qui conduisent naturellement le mélange gazeux à s'écouler vers le bas plutôt qu'à remonter entre les plaques.The fixed ring 40 and the skirts 42 play the role of deflectors which naturally cause the gas mixture to flow down rather only to go up between the plates.

De préférence, et comme le montrent les figures, les plaques 18 du rotor présentent la forme de cônes ouverts vers le bas. Dans ce cas, les jupes périphériques 42 présentent également la forme de cônes ouverts vers le bas, dont l'angle au sommet est toutefois inférieur à celui des plaques.Preferably, and as shown in the figures, the plates 18 of the rotor have the shape of cones open downwards. In this case, the skirts peripherals 42 also have the shape of cones open at the bottom, whose angle at the top is however less than that of the plates.

Comme on l'a précédemment indiqué, l'appareil permet de réaliser une pré-séparation centrifuge dans l'espace annulaire 20 et une séparation centrifuge finale dans la partie centrale. Il peut permettre de réaliser, en outre, une étape intermédiaire de séparation dans l'espace 44 qui se situe, dans le corps cylindrique 12, en dessous du rotor 16 et au-dessus de la trémie de collecte 22. A cet effet, l'appareil comporte un organe de séquestration 46 monté fixe dans le corps cylindrique 12 et à la partie inférieure de l'espace 44.As previously indicated, the device makes it possible to carry out a centrifugal pre-separation in the annular space 20 and a separation final centrifugal in the central part. It can make it possible, in in addition, an intermediate stage of separation in the space 44 which is located, in the cylindrical body 12, below the rotor 16 and above the collection hopper 22. For this purpose, the apparatus includes a sequestration 46 fixedly mounted in the cylindrical body 12 and to the part space 44.

Cet organe de séquestration 46, représenté plus en détail sur les figures 4a et 4b, comprend une pluralité de pales radiales 48 qui s'étendent depuis une région proche de la paroi du corps 12 jusqu'à une région centrale et sont relevés par rapport à un plan P perpendiculaire à l'axe I du rotor 16, dans le sens opposé au sens de rotation R dudit rotor. Le sens d'inclinaison de ces pales 46 leur permet de piéger des particules entraínées à la partie inférieure du tourbillon qui se produit dans l'espace 44, et de les entraíner vers la trémie 22.This sequestration organ 46, shown in more detail on the Figures 4a and 4b, comprises a plurality of radial blades 48 which extend from a region close to the wall of the body 12 to a central region and are raised relative to a plane P perpendicular to the axis I of the rotor 16, in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation R of said rotor. The direction of tilt of these blades 46 allows them to trap particles entrained in the part bottom of the vortex that occurs in space 44, and to drive them to the hopper 22.

L'organe de séquestration 46 peut par exemple être fixé sur un manchon fixe monté sur un palier de maintien de l'arbre du rotor. Selon une autre variante, illustrée par les figures 4a et 4b, les pales 48 sont solidaires d'un disque 50 présentant des secteurs ajourés 52. Les pales 48 sont fixées sur l'un des bords radiaux des secteurs 52, relevées par rapport au disque 50 et s'étendent au-delà de l'autre bord radial du secteur 52.The sequestration device 46 can for example be fixed on a fixed sleeve mounted on a bearing holding the rotor shaft. According to one another variant, illustrated by FIGS. 4a and 4b, the blades 48 are integral a disc 50 having perforated sectors 52. The blades 48 are fixed on one of the radial edges of the sectors 52, raised relative to the disc 50 and extend beyond the other radial edge of sector 52.

Selon une première disposition, le disque 50 peut être fixé sur la paroi du corps cylindrique 12, auquel cas sa périphérie présente des évidements 54 permettant le libre passage des impuretés collectées le long de la paroi 12 jusque dans la trémie 22.According to a first arrangement, the disc 50 can be fixed on the wall of the cylindrical body 12, in which case its periphery has recesses 54 allowing the free passage of impurities collected along from the wall 12 to the hopper 22.

Selon une autre disposition représentée sur la figure 2, l'organe de séquestration 46 est fixé à l'intérieur d'un cylindre de piégeage 56, et dans la partie inférieure de ce dernier. Ce cylindre de piégeage 56 est parallèle au corps cylindrique 12 et monté dans l'espace 44 en préservant un jeu radial j par rapport à la paroi du corps cylindrique 12. Les particules séparées descendant le long de la paroi du corps 12 sont ainsi piégées dans l'espace ménagé grâce au jeu j entre la paroi du cylindre 56 et celle du corps 12 et descendent dans la trémie de collecte 22 sans risquer d'être remises en circulation dans le mélange fluide.According to another arrangement shown in Figure 2, the sequestration 46 is fixed inside a trapping cylinder 56, and in the lower part of the latter. This trapping cylinder 56 is parallel to the cylindrical body 12 and mounted in space 44 while preserving a radial clearance j relative to the wall of the cylindrical body 12. The separated particles descending along the wall of the body 12 are thus trapped in space formed by the clearance j between the wall of the cylinder 56 and that of the body 12 and descend into the collection hopper 22 without risking being put back into circulation in the fluid mixture.

En référence aux figures 5a à 7b, on décrit maintenant en détail les plaques 18 du rotor selon deux variantes de réalisation.With reference to FIGS. 5a to 7b, we will now describe in detail the plates 18 of the rotor according to two alternative embodiments.

Dans l'une ou l'autre de ces variantes, les ajourages des plaques sont constitués par des fentes 58 qui présentent deux bords radiaux 59, ainsi qu'un bord externe 60 et un bord interne 61 qui s'étendent sensiblement selon la circonférence des plaques 18.In one or other of these variants, the openings in the plates are constituted by slots 58 which have two radial edges 59, thus an outer edge 60 and an inner edge 61 which extend substantially along the circumference of the plates 18.

Toujours dans l'une ou l'autre des deux variantes, le bord périphérique externe 60 des fentes 58 est équipé d'un rebord dirigé vers le haut.Always in one or the other of the two variants, the edge external device 60 of the slots 58 is equipped with a flange directed towards the high.

Dans la variante illustrée par les figures 5a, 5b et 6, ce rebord est désigné par la référence 62 et est constitué par un repli vers le haut d'une languette formée lors de la découpe des fentes 58. In the variant illustrated in FIGS. 5a, 5b and 6, this rim is designated by the reference 62 and is constituted by an upward fold of a tongue formed when cutting the slots 58.

En revanche, dans la variante des figures 7a et 7b, les rebords équipant chacune des fentes d'une même plaque 18 sont constitués par des portions d'un même déflecteur annulaire 64 solidaire de la face supérieure de cette plaque. Ce déflecteur 64 comprend une partie 64a parallèle à la surface des plaques et fixé sur ces plaques par exemple à l'aide de points de soudure, et une partie relevée 64b.On the other hand, in the variant of Figures 7a and 7b, the edges equipping each of the slots of the same plate 18 are constituted by portions of the same annular deflector 64 integral with the upper face of this plate. This deflector 64 includes a portion 64a parallel to the surface of the plates and fixed on these plates for example using points of welding, and a raised part 64b.

Comme le montrent les figures 5b et 7b, les jupes périphériques 42 des plaques 18 et les rebords 62 ou 64b des fentes 58 de ces plaques sont avantageusement dirigés selon des directions sensiblement parallèles.As shown in Figures 5b and 7b, the peripheral skirts 42 plates 18 and the edges 62 or 64b of the slots 58 of these plates are advantageously directed in substantially parallel directions.

Dans ce cas, les rebords contribuent au guidage du mélange fluide dans l'espace annulaire 20 et l'on obtient une paroi semi-continue formée par la bague 40, les rebords et les jupes.In this case, the edges contribute to guiding the fluid mixture in the annular space 20 and a semi-continuous wall formed is obtained by the ring 40, the edges and the skirts.

On a indiqué précédemment que la jupe 42 d'une plaque donnée s'étend vers le bas au moins jusqu'au niveau de la périphérie de la plaque immédiatement inférieure, en fait, les jupes 42 peuvent même être en léger recouvrement les unes par rapport aux autres.It was previously indicated that the skirt 42 of a given plate extends downward at least to the level of the periphery of the plate immediately lower, in fact the skirts 42 can even be in slight overlap with each other.

On décrit maintenant, en référence à la figure 8, des aménagements avantageux apportés à l'appareil 10.We will now describe, with reference to FIG. 8, arrangements advantageous to the device 10.

Pour certaines applications, par exemple pour le traitement des fumées de combustion, il peut s'avérer utile de refroidir le mélange fluide à traiter. Dans ce cas, l'appareil peut comporter une chemise externe 70, disposée autour d'une partie du corps cylindrique 12 et qui, avec la paroi dudit corps 12, délimite une enceinte 72. Des moyens sont mis en oeuvre pour faire circuler un fluide de refroidissement dans cette enceinte 72. Ces moyens comprennent par exemple une buse 74 d'injection du liquide de refroidissement, disposée à la partie supérieure de l'enceinte 72, et une sortie inférieure 76 du liquide.For certain applications, for example for processing combustion fumes, it may be useful to cool the fluid mixture to treat. In this case, the device may include an external jacket 70, arranged around a part of the cylindrical body 12 and which, with the wall of said body 12, delimits an enclosure 72. Means are used to circulate a cooling fluid in this enclosure 72. These means include for example a nozzle 74 for injecting the liquid cooling, arranged at the upper part of the enclosure 72, and an outlet lower 76 of the liquid.

Grâce à cet aménagement, le liquide de refroidissement refroidit la paroi du corps cylindrique 12, ce qui permet de refroidir le mélange fluide circulant dans l'appareil grâce aux phénomènes de convection qui se trouvent accrus par suite de l'existence du champ centrifuge qui règne dans l'appareil.Thanks to this arrangement, the coolant cools the wall of the cylindrical body 12, which makes it possible to cool the fluid mixture circulating in the device thanks to the convection phenomena which find increased due to the existence of the centrifugal field which reigns in the device.

La chemise externe 70 peut couvrir une partie du corps 12 ou sa totalité.The outer jacket 70 can cover part of the body 12 or its whole.

Dans l'exemple représenté, l'arbre 15 du rotor 16 est maintenu dans sa partie inférieure par un palier 78. Dans la mesure où le mélange fluide, qui peut être relativement chaud, circule au voisinage du palier 78, ce dernier peut s'échauffer. Pour le refroidir, on peut étendre l'enceinte 72 en-deçà du palier 78, et prévoir dans ce dernier des canaux de circulation du fluide de refroidissement.In the example shown, the shaft 15 of the rotor 16 is held in its lower part by a bearing 78. Insofar as the fluid mixture, which can be relatively hot, circulates in the vicinity of the bearing 78, the latter may heat up. To cool it, the enclosure 72 can be extended below the bearing 78, and provide therein circulation channels for the cooling.

Un autre aménagement avantageux consiste à utiliser l'espace annulaire 20 pour y réaliser un lavage de finition du mélange fluide. A cet effet, l'appareil comporte des moyens pour injecter un liquide de lavage dans l'espace annulaire 20, au voisinage de son extrémité supérieure, directement en dessous du distributeur hélicoïdal 36. Ces moyens consistent par exemple en des buses 80 d'injection d'un liquide de lavage réguliérement réparties à la circonférence de la partie supérieure de l'espace annulaire 20. Le liquide de lavage entraínera les impuretés séparées dans l'espace annulaire 20 jusqueà la trémie de collecte 22.Another advantageous arrangement is to use the space annular 20 for performing a final wash of the fluid mixture. In this Indeed, the apparatus comprises means for injecting a washing liquid into the annular space 20, in the vicinity of its upper end, directly below the helical distributor 36. These means consist for example in nozzles 80 for injecting a washing liquid regularly distributed to the circumference of the upper part of the annular space 20. The liquid washing will cause the separated impurities in the annular space 20 to the collection hopper 22.

En revenant à la figure 2, on constate que les dimensions radiales r1 de la colonne centrale 32 de l'organe d'entrée 14 sont sensiblement égales aux dimensions radiales extrêmes des ajourages du rotor 16. Le mouvement hélicoïdal ascendant circule ainsi dans une colonne dont le rayon reste sensiblement constant depuis le bas du rotor 16 jusqu'au haut de la colonne centrale 32.Returning to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the radial dimensions r 1 of the central column 32 of the input member 14 are substantially equal to the extreme radial dimensions of the openings in the rotor 16. The upward helical movement thus circulates in a column whose radius remains substantially constant from the bottom of the rotor 16 to the top of the central column 32.

Le rayon r1 étant nettement inférieur au rayon r2 du corps cylindrique 12, qui correspond au rayon du mouvement hélicoïdal descendant, le mélange fluide se trouve fortement accéléré tangentiellement en passant de ce mouvement hélicoïdal descendant au mouvement hélicoïdal ascendant.The radius r 1 being much smaller than the radius r 2 of the cylindrical body 12, which corresponds to the radius of the downward helical movement, the fluid mixture is greatly accelerated tangentially from this downward helical movement to the upward helical movement.

Pour faciliter l'évacuation du mélange traité, les dimensions radiales des espaces de circulation du mélange fluide ménagés dans les éléments de l'appareil 10 qui sont situées au-dessus de l'organe d'entrée 14 sont avantageusement tout au plus égales à celles de la colonne centrale 32.To facilitate the evacuation of the treated mixture, the radial dimensions spaces for circulation of the fluid mixture formed in the elements of the apparatus 10 which are located above the input member 14 are advantageously at most equal to those of the central column 32.

On peut ainsi prévoir d'équiper l'appareil d'un convergent 82 entre l'organe d'entrée 14 et l'organe de sortie 26 qui peut être constitué par une volute de sortie.We can thus plan to equip the device with a converging 82 between the input member 14 and the output member 26 which may be constituted by a output volute.

Claims (12)

  1. Pollution separating and purifying apparatus (10) for at least one fluid mixture, the apparatus comprising :
    an inlet member (14) for admitting the fluid mixture to be treated into a stationary cylindrical body (12);
    a rotor (16) mounted in said cylindrical body (12) and having a stack of at least two plates (18) with openings extending radially towards the wall of said cylindrical body (12), an annular gap (20) being left between the periphery of the plates and the wall of the cylindrical body, said rotor (16) co-operating with means that generate a pressure drop in the top portion of the apparatus (10) and that generate upward helical motion of the mixture to be treated in a direction of rotation (R) that is the same as the direction of rotation of the rotor;
    a hopper (22) for collecting the heavy phase, connected to the cylindrical body (12) beneath the rotor (16), and provided with forced evacuation means (24) isolated from the outside; and
    an extractor member (26) for extracting the treated mixture, and connected to the cylindrical body (12) above the rotor (16);
    the apparatus being characterised in that the inlet member (14) is situated between the rotor (16) and the extractor member (26), and includes an annular chamber (28) having a top end (28a) that is closed and a bottom end (28b) that is open and connected to said annular gap (20), an inlet (30) for admitting the mixture to be treated into said annular chamber, and a central column (32) having open top and bottom ends (32a, 32b), and in that it includes means (36, 40, 42) for generating downward helical motion in the annular gap (20) in the same direction of rotation (R) as said upward helical motion.
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for generating downward helical motion comprise a helical distributor (36) having a plurality of stationary oblique blades (38) and disposed in the top portion of the annular gap (20), and means (40, 42) for guiding the fluid mixture into said annular gap (20) and associated with the rotor (16).
  3. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it includes a sequestration member (46) mounted in stationary manner inside the cylindrical body (12) beneath the rotor (16) and above the collection hopper (22), said sequestration member comprising a plurality of radial blades (48) extending from a region close to the wall of the cylindrical body (12) to a central region and rising above a plane (P) perpendicular to the axis (I) of the rotor (16) in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation (R) of said rotor.
  4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that it includes a trapping cylinder (56) parallel to the cylindrical body (12) and mounted to leave radial clearance (j) relative to said cylindrical body (12), and in that the sequestration member (46) is secured to said cylinder (56) and situated inside the cylinder, towards the bottom portion thereof.
  5. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the guide means comprise a fixed ring (40) disposed between the bottom end of the inside wall (34) of the annular chamber (28) and the periphery of the top plate (18a) of the rotor (16), and respective peripheral skirts (42) fitted to the periphery of each of the plates (18) of the rotor (16), the skirt (42b) fitted to the periphery of any given plate (18b) extending downwards at least to the axial height of the periphery (18c) of the plate situated immediately beneath said given plate (18b).
  6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the plates (18) of the rotor and the annular skirts (42) are in the form of downwardly flaring cones, with the angle at the apex of said plates (18) being greater than the angle at the apex of said skirts (42).
  7. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the openings in the plates (18) of the rotor (16) are constituted by slots (58) each having two radial edges (59) and two peripheral edges, respectively an inner peripheral edge (61) and an outer peripheral edge (60) extending substantially circumferentially relative to the plates (18), and in that the outer peripheral edge (60) is fitted with an upwardly directed rim (62, 64b).
  8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the rims fitted to the slots in a plate are constituted by portions (64b) of an annular deflector (64) secured to the top face of said plate (18).
  9. Apparatus according to any one of claims 5 and 6 and any one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the peripheral skirts (42) of the plates (18) and the rims (62, 64b) of the slots in said plates extend in directions that are substantially parallel.
  10. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it includes an outer jacket (70) disposed around at least a portion of the cylindrical body (12) and defining an enclosure (72), together with means (74, 76) for causing a cooling fluid to circulate in said enclosure (72).
  11. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it includes means for injecting a washing liquid into the annular gap (20) in the vicinity of its top end.
  12. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the radial dimensions (r1) of the central column (32) of the inlet member (14) are substantially equal to the extreme radial dimensions of the openings in the rotor (16), and in that the radial dimensions of the gaps for fluid mixture circulation formed in the elements of the apparatus situated above said inlet member (14) are no greater than those of said central column (32).
EP95923367A 1994-06-09 1995-06-09 Pollution separating and purifying apparatus for at least one fluid mixture Expired - Lifetime EP0764055B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9407057 1994-06-09
FR9407057A FR2720958B1 (en) 1994-06-09 1994-06-09 Apparatus for separating and purifying pollution from at least one fluid mixture.
PCT/FR1995/000759 WO1995033572A1 (en) 1994-06-09 1995-06-09 Pollution separating and purifying apparatus for at least one fluid mixture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0764055A1 EP0764055A1 (en) 1997-03-26
EP0764055B1 true EP0764055B1 (en) 1998-08-26

Family

ID=9464039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95923367A Expired - Lifetime EP0764055B1 (en) 1994-06-09 1995-06-09 Pollution separating and purifying apparatus for at least one fluid mixture

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5851396A (en)
EP (1) EP0764055B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE170107T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69504340T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2720958B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1995033572A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2768067A1 (en) * 1997-09-08 1999-03-12 Pierre Saget APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING AND PURIFYING POLLUTION FROM AT LEAST ONE FLUID MIXTURE
CN1090591C (en) * 1998-11-24 2002-09-11 梁维安 Vortex equipment for treating sewage
US6183641B1 (en) * 1999-01-08 2001-02-06 Fantom Technologies Inc. Prandtl layer turbine
BR0009271A (en) 1999-03-24 2001-12-26 Environmental Separation Techn Separator
US6544416B2 (en) * 2000-04-26 2003-04-08 Marine Biotech Inc. Systems and methods for separating solids from a fluid environment
US6485854B1 (en) * 2000-10-19 2002-11-26 General Motors Corporation Gas-liquid separator for fuel cell system
US20040144717A1 (en) * 2003-01-29 2004-07-29 Sheng Henry P. Apparatus for separating immiscible liquids
SE527719C2 (en) * 2004-06-16 2006-05-23 3Nine Ab Rotor unit for a centrifugal separator
FR2879942B1 (en) * 2004-12-27 2007-01-26 Commissariat Energie Atomique DEVICE FOR PURIFYING A GAS STREAM CONTAINING CONDENSABLE VAPORS
SE529611C2 (en) 2006-02-13 2007-10-02 Alfa Laval Corp Ab centrifugal
SE530690C2 (en) * 2006-04-04 2008-08-12 Alfa Laval Corp Ab Rotor unit for a centrifugal separator
SE531722C2 (en) * 2007-08-28 2009-07-21 Alfa Laval Tumba Ab Centrifugal separator and process for purifying a gas
WO2009051545A1 (en) * 2007-10-15 2009-04-23 Atlas Copco Drills Ab Device and method for separating particles out from a fluid
EP2664385B1 (en) * 2012-05-14 2017-03-01 Alfa Laval Corporate AB A disc package for a centrifugal separator
DE102014220158A1 (en) * 2014-10-06 2016-04-07 Elringklinger Ag separating
EP3207996B1 (en) * 2016-02-22 2019-05-08 Alfa Laval Corporate AB A centrifuge rotor for a centrifugal separator, a centrifugal separator, a method of separation, and a conical disk

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2175528A1 (en) * 1972-03-13 1973-10-26 Enfer Et Fils Centrifugal gas cleaner - to remove solid or liquid particles from gas drawn through hollow perforated rotor
FR2267153A2 (en) * 1974-04-09 1975-11-07 Saget Pierre Separator for mixtures of different phases - incorporating rotating discs with staggered holes efficient with small density differences
US4071188A (en) * 1976-08-23 1978-01-31 Mikhail Egorovich Afonin Centrifugal separator for treating liquids
FR2468410B1 (en) * 1979-10-31 1985-06-21 Saget Pierre CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING IT APPLICABLE TO A MIXTURE OF PHASES OF ANY STATE
FR2522528B1 (en) * 1982-03-03 1987-05-07 Saget Pierre IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION OF A MIXTURE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE GASEOUS PHASE
US4729760A (en) * 1985-01-07 1988-03-08 Pierre Saget Apparatus for the centrifugal separation of a mixture of phases
FR2575677B1 (en) * 1985-01-08 1987-03-20 Saget Pierre CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR FOR THE TREATMENT OF A MIXTURE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE GASEOUS PHASE, WITH FORCED HEAVY PHASE COLLECTION
FR2666031B1 (en) * 1990-08-27 1993-10-22 Pierre Saget PROCESS FOR THE CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION OF THE PHASES OF A MIXTURE AND CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR WITH LONGITUDINAL BLADES USING THIS PROCESS.
US5229014A (en) * 1991-12-18 1993-07-20 Vortech International, Inc. High efficiency centrifugal separation apparatus and method using impeller

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69504340D1 (en) 1998-10-01
US5851396A (en) 1998-12-22
WO1995033572A1 (en) 1995-12-14
EP0764055A1 (en) 1997-03-26
ATE170107T1 (en) 1998-09-15
FR2720958A1 (en) 1995-12-15
FR2720958B1 (en) 1996-08-30
DE69504340T2 (en) 1999-05-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0764055B1 (en) Pollution separating and purifying apparatus for at least one fluid mixture
FR2522528A1 (en) IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION OF A MIXTURE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE GAS PHASE
FR2859371A1 (en) CYCLONE SEPARATION DEVICE AND VACUUM COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE
FR2859372A1 (en) DEVICE FOR SEPARATING CYCLONE DUST AND VACUUM COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE
FR2826058A1 (en) SUCTION DEVICE FOR THE COMBUSTION AIR OF A THERMAL ENGINE OF A HAND-OPERATED TOOL
FR2666031A1 (en) Process for the centrifugal separation of the phases of a mixture, and centrifugal separator having longitudinal blades implementing this process
FR2471815A1 (en) CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR
EP0612270A1 (en) Centrifugal separator.
EP0340087B1 (en) Centrifugal separation apparatus provided with a device for the retention of the heavy phase
FR2589755A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SEPARATING DIFFERENT PHASES FROM MULTI-PHASE FLOWING MEDIA
FR2496497A1 (en) AUTOMATIC PURGE CENTRIFUGE
EP0537328B1 (en) Multi-stage centrifugal extraction apparatus
FR2630658A1 (en) Process and device for separating products of different densities, especially particles suspended in a fluid
EP1011872A1 (en) Apparatus for separating and purifying polluting agents from at least one fluid mixture
FR2613956A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION OF A MIXTURE OF SEVERAL PHASES
FR2535625A1 (en) SORTER FOR CEMENT SORTING AND METHOD OF OPERATING SAME
EP0553022A1 (en) Device for forcefully withdrawing the heavy phase in a centrifugal separation apparatus
EP0623374B1 (en) Centrifugal separator for fluids
FR2575677A1 (en) Centrifuge separator apparatus for the treatment of a mixture comprising at least one gaseous phase, with forced collection of the heavy phase
FR2846257A1 (en) Separator and purifier from pollution of at least one fluid mixture using helical upward and downward movement to separate heavy phase from mixture
EP3174637B1 (en) Cyclone device comprising two cyclones connected by an optimised pipe system
EP0249668B1 (en) Apparatus for the centrifugal separation of a mixture of phases
FR2670402A1 (en) Cyclone comprising a flow straightener for the conversion of a swirling flux into a linear flow
CH296327A (en) Centrifugal separator.
BE651655A (en)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19961123

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE GB IT NL SE

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19970903

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE GB IT NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 19980826

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19980826

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 170107

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19980915

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69504340

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19981001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19981126

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19981130

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19991130

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19991229

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20000629

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000630

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20000802

Year of fee payment: 6

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: SAGET PIERRE LAURENT

Effective date: 20000630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010101

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20010101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010609

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20010609

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020403