EP0761589A1 - Mécanisme de levage pour véhicule routier - Google Patents

Mécanisme de levage pour véhicule routier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0761589A1
EP0761589A1 EP95650031A EP95650031A EP0761589A1 EP 0761589 A1 EP0761589 A1 EP 0761589A1 EP 95650031 A EP95650031 A EP 95650031A EP 95650031 A EP95650031 A EP 95650031A EP 0761589 A1 EP0761589 A1 EP 0761589A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheels
vehicle
load
forklift
road vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95650031A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0761589B1 (fr
Inventor
John Mullervy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to IE950175A priority Critical patent/IE80493B1/en
Priority to IE950174 priority patent/IES64894B2/en
Priority to GB9504789A priority patent/GB2287237B/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE69530080T priority patent/DE69530080D1/de
Priority to AT95650031T priority patent/ATE235420T1/de
Priority to EP95650031A priority patent/EP0761589B1/fr
Publication of EP0761589A1 publication Critical patent/EP0761589A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0761589B1 publication Critical patent/EP0761589B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07559—Stabilizing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07563—Fork-lift trucks adapted to be carried by transport vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/08—Masts; Guides; Chains
    • B66F9/082—Masts; Guides; Chains inclinable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lifting mechanism for attachment to the front of a road vehicle. More particularly, the invention relates to a lifting mechanism of the type comprising:-
  • a lifting mechanism attached to the front of a road vehicle could operate effectively.
  • a tractive unit which hauls a large load would be able to disconnect from the trailer on arrival at the depot and then the driver could use the lifting mechanism attached to the front of the tractive unit for removal of the goods from the trailer and deposit them into the depot or warehouse.
  • Major practical advantages could be achieved by doing this. For example, very often the load will arrive outside of normal working hours for depot personnel and thus, use of a lifting mechanism attached to the front of the road vehicle would allow the load to be delivered into the warehouse in such situations. Very often, the fact that the goods are unloaded before the start of work the following morning provides a significant time advantage in delivery of the goods.
  • 4177001 Blackwood also describes a forklift attachment for highway vehicles.
  • This mechanism includes a pair of castor wheels attached to a rectangular box suspension on the forklift attachment.
  • the suspension is movable with respect to the vehicle in a wheeled carriage arrangement so that irregularities in the ground are followed.
  • the invention is directed towards providing a lifting mechanism having features which allow it to be attached to the front of a road vehicle and to operate in a manner whereby there is excellent balance and traction, almost as if the road vehicle were designed incorporating the mechanism.
  • Another object is that the mechanism be easy to handle and store when not in use.
  • a still further object is that the mechanism be reliable in operation.
  • the invention is characterised in that the mechanism further comprises load compensating means comprising means for urging the wheels downwardly with respect to the frame to compensate for loads on the lifting device whereby a load is distributed for desired vehicle and mechanism balance and traction.
  • the compensating means comprises means for operating independently on each wheel or set of wheels.
  • the compensating means comprises a user operating means for mounting inside a road vehicle.
  • the compensating means comprises an hydraulic drive means.
  • the hydraulic drive means may comprise an hydraulic ram connected to each suspension.
  • each hydraulic ram is double acting.
  • the pressure applied by the load compensating means is preferably in the range of 30 bar and 150 bar.
  • each wheel or set of wheels has an independent suspension.
  • each independent suspension comprises a gas accumulator connected to a hydraulic circuit of the compensating means to provide independent shock absorbtion.
  • each suspension comprises a moving parallelogram wheel support.
  • the lifting device comprises a forklift mast and tines.
  • the tines are pivotable to a vertical transport position.
  • said securing means of the fixed frame comprises a downwardly-extending socket for reception of a corresponding plug member secured to a vehicle.
  • the mechanism may comprise means for automatically sensing the lifting load and providing a control signal for the compensating means.
  • the invention provides a lifting mechanism comprising:-
  • the invention also provides a road vehicle comprising a lifting mechanism as described above.
  • the invention provides a road vehicle trailer comprising a pair of apertures for reception of forklift mechanism tines and a lower skid member positioned with respect to the apertures for support of a mast of the forklift mechanism.
  • the trailer further comprises a pair of support bars slidably mounted to project rearwardly and positioned with respect to the apertures for support of the forklift mechanism.
  • the mechanism 1 comprises a fixed frame 2 having a coupling 3 for attachment to a road vehicle.
  • the coupling 3 and the frame 2 may therefore to be regarded as being fixed in position when considering operation of the mechanism 1.
  • the mechanism 1 further comprises a triplex forklift mast 4 to which a pair of tines 5 are connected via a tine support 6.
  • the tines 5 are pivotally connected to the support 6 at pivot connectors 7 so that they may pivot at the rear of the tines to a vertical inoperative position.
  • the connectors 7 are mounted behind the tines for additional strength.
  • the mechanism 1 also comprises a tilt hydraulic ram 8 mounted between the frame 2 and the mast 4 for tilting the mast 4 between the various rearward and forward tilt positions which are required for operation. This tilting motion is about a pivot connector 9 between the mast 4 and the frame 2.
  • An hydraulic drive 10 is provided for lifting the tines after connection to a vehicle hydraulic circuit.
  • the mechanism 1 also comprises two pairs of wheels 20 which are connected by a moving parallelogram 21 to the frame 2.
  • the parallelogram 21 comprises a front suspension arm 22 and a rear suspension arm 23 which are pivotally connected to a support hub for the wheels 20 to provide the moving parallelogram effect (illustrated most clearly in Fig. 3) whereby the wheels 20 always remain vertically aligned, irrespective of their position.
  • a very important aspect of the mechanism 1 is that it comprises a load compensating means which urges the wheels 20 downwardly to compensate for loads on the tines so that traction and balance of a vehicle/mechanism combination is controlled by compensating for the load.
  • the compensating means comprises a two-way hydraulic ram 24 for each pair of wheels 20.
  • the rams are connected to a single support pillar of the frame 2.
  • the pressures are preferably between 30 bar minimum and 250 bar maximum.
  • each hydraulic ram 24 is connected to an hydraulic circuit 25 which is illustrated in diagrammatic form.
  • Nitrogen gas accumulator 26 connected in a downward supply line 27 for each ram 24.
  • the gas accumulator 26 provides for independent shock absorbtion so that irregularities in the ground do not cause instability.
  • the gas accumulator 26 together with the parallelogram 21 may be regarded as an independent suspension.
  • the circuit 25 is connected to driver control handles for mounting in a cab and being powered from a vehicle battery. These controls comprise solenoids for connection to a vehicle electrical system.
  • the coupling 3 is illustrated in Figs. 5(a), 5(b) and 5(c) and comprises a coupling base plate 40 welded to a socket member 41 which has side members which are inclined downwardly and outwardly. There is also a pair of lock pin assemblies 42, each of which comprises a handle 43, a pin 44 and a biassing spring 45. As shown in Figs. 6(a), 6(b) and 6(c), a coupling plate 50 is secured to the front of the vehicle cab and is anchored in position by a support frame 51. The connection may alternatively be to a centre towing pin of the vehicle or the chassis.
  • the shape of the coupling plate 50 corresponds in shape to that of the socket 41 so that when the mechanism 1 is lowered downwardly, the socket 41 surrounds the plate 50 (which acts as a plug) until the weight of the mechanism 1 holds it in place.
  • the locking assembly 42 is then operated by the handle 43 so that the pin engages, as shown in Fig. 5(b), through apertures in the socket 41, the coupling plate 50 and the base plate 40.
  • Figs. 4(a), 4(b) and 4(c) Operation of the tilt ram 8 is illustrated in Figs. 4(a), 4(b) and 4(c) whereby the tilt ram 8 causes the mast 4 to tilt to a 4° front tilt for engagement with a pallet 30 back to a 6° rear tilt for transport of the pallet.
  • the mechanism 1 is shown attached to the front of a road vehicle, in this embodiment a tractor unit of an articulated lorry.
  • the wheels 20 are shown lifted well clear of the ground and the tines 5 are in a substantially vertical inoperative position. The allows the mechanism 1 to be transported for short journeys and around a warehouse when not in use.
  • the wheels 20 are lowered either separately or together by the rams 24, as shown in Fig. 7(b).
  • These actions are controlled by the driver in the cab by connections, not shown, of the hydraulic circuit 25 into the cab of the tractor unit 52. It is essential that the driver control these actions so that the wheels 24 are urged downwardly under hydraulic pressure so that there is optimum compensation for the current load being supported on the tines, while at the same time ensuring that the traction of the front wheels of the tractor unit 52 is not reduced to the extent where control problems could arise.
  • This pressure is controlled dynamically by the driver so that at all times, the downward pressure on the wheels 20 reflects the load being carried by the mechanism 1 so that there is a correct load distribution and good driving and steering control.
  • This aspect is extremely important as it allows the mechanism and the tractor unit 52 to act in unison, although the tractor unit was not designed for such a use. Indeed, it has been found that loads of up to 2 to 3 tonnes can be carried without causing any instability and in a manner whereby any competent lorry driver is capable of controlling the mechanism adequately with little or no training.
  • a very important aspect of the invention is the fact that the mechanism provides controls for a driver for overall safe and effective driving control as if the mechanism were an integral part of the vehicle.
  • Figs. 8 and 9 the manner in which the mechanism 1 may be transported for longer journeys is illustrated.
  • the tractor unit drives to the rear of its trailer 55 and moves the mechanism 1 forward so that the tines 5 engage in apertures 56 in the rear crash bar of the trailer 55.
  • Slidable support arms 57 are pulled out, as indicated by the arrow A, so that they project rearwardly and support the mechanism 1 by engagement underneath the suspensions 21.
  • the mechanism 1 is then secured in place by use of chains, not shown.
  • the arms 57 are not necessarily left in position during transport, however, they may be used for disconnection as they provide a support for raising and lowering the mechanism by operation of the rams 24.
  • Skid bars 58 are secured to the rear of the trailer 55. If the tines are "raised", the mast is moved downward in relation to them for engagement onto the skid bars 58.
  • the mechanism 1 may be easily removed by releasing the chains and causing downward movement of the frame 2 and the mast 4 with respect to the tines 5 so that the coupling 3 engages the plate 50 at the front of the tractor unit 52 as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
  • the mechanism 1 may then be operated, as shown in Fig. 9, to remove pallets from the trailer 55.
  • the invention provides a forklift mechanism which may be very easily secured to the front of a road vehicle such as a tractor unit.
  • the mechanism 1 may then be operated in a manner whereby there is load compensation for optimum traction and balance whereby the mechanism 1 effectively becomes part of the road vehicle. This is extremely important in providing for ease of use and safety.
  • the mechanism 1 may be easily transported for either short-haul or long-haul in a simple and convenient manner. It would, therefore, be very convenient for trucking companies to provide convenience in situations where a load arrives out of working hours, or if a forklift truck is not available for any other reason.
  • the invention is extremely simple and indeed the comprehensive balance and traction control which is provided is achieved by use of simple parts of an hydraulic circuit. Because relatively simple and conventional parts may be used to achieve these features, it is envisaged that the mechanism 1 will be extremely reliable in use and also simple to manufacture.
  • independent suspension may be provided by any other suitable manner and it is not essential that gas accumulators be fitted for shock absorbtion. Where one is used, it may operate with any other suitable inert gas.
  • the wheels could alternatively be connected to a pivotally-mounted support arm. It is also envisaged that the wheels could be of the retractable type. Control from a vehicle cab may be provided by use of a remote control radiation transmitter/receiver arrangement or alternatively by pneumatic or mechanical devices. It is also envisaged that a threaded spindle may be used to provide wheel movement. Where hydraulic circuits provide load compensation, there may be safety stops mechanically mounted to prevent collapse of the load in the event of hydraulic failure.
  • Hydraulic pressure may be variably controlled by the speed of the vehicle engine. While power for the tines is provided by an hydraulic pump driven off the vehicle gearbox, it could alternatively be provided by a mechanical coupling. It could also be provided by an electrically-driven hydraulic pump with power supplied from the vehicle electrical circuit, or a dedicated supply.
  • a bracket attached to the chassis may have anti-twist support bars.
  • a cover may be provided for safety.
  • the mechanism wheels are connected to the fixed frame, a mechanical equivalent would be connected to a bracket on a vehicle.
  • the load compensating means could also act on rear wheels of the vehicle. It is also envisaged that load compensation could be achieved by action on vehicle wheels rearwardly of the front steering wheels alone. This could be achieved by connection of a control circuit of the compensating means to the suspensions of vehicle wheels.
  • An example is application of downward pressure sufficient for load compensation via pneumatic suspensions of vehicle front wheels. The important point is that the compensation means urges wheels of the mechanism/vehicle combination downwardly for load compensation.
  • load compensation could be achieved by causing an extraordinary level of tilt back of the tines, in combination with associated downward pressure on the wheels and/or outward movement away from the vehicle.
  • the wheels may be mounted for both outward and downward movement.
  • the compensating means may operate in an automatic manner in response to applied load.
  • load sensors mounted between the tines and the frame could be mounted to provide the required control inputs.
  • such an input could be provided by the drive hydraulic ram for the tines by connection of a suitable pressure sensor to the ram.
  • the load could alternatively be sensed in the tilt ram, for example.
  • a driver control unit may be provided as a "manual" override.
  • the mechanism need not be a forklift mechanism and may indeed comprise a different type of lifting device such as a loading shovel or bucket, a platform or a crane assembly, depending on the desired application.
  • the fixed frame has been described as an item secured to a plate on the road vehicle, however, it could be integral with the plate on the vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
EP95650031A 1994-03-09 1995-09-08 Mécanisme de levage pour véhicule routier Expired - Lifetime EP0761589B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE950175A IE80493B1 (en) 1994-03-09 1995-03-08 A lifting mechanism
IE950174 IES64894B2 (en) 1994-03-09 1995-03-08 A lifting mechanism
GB9504789A GB2287237B (en) 1994-03-09 1995-03-09 A lifting mechanism
DE69530080T DE69530080D1 (de) 1995-09-08 1995-09-08 Hebeeinrichtung für Strassenfahrzeuge
AT95650031T ATE235420T1 (de) 1995-09-08 1995-09-08 Hebeeinrichtung für strassenfahrzeuge
EP95650031A EP0761589B1 (fr) 1994-03-09 1995-09-08 Mécanisme de levage pour véhicule routier

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE940207 1994-03-09
EP95650031A EP0761589B1 (fr) 1994-03-09 1995-09-08 Mécanisme de levage pour véhicule routier

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0761589A1 true EP0761589A1 (fr) 1997-03-12
EP0761589B1 EP0761589B1 (fr) 2003-03-26

Family

ID=26140651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95650031A Expired - Lifetime EP0761589B1 (fr) 1994-03-09 1995-09-08 Mécanisme de levage pour véhicule routier

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0761589B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2287237B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008147218A2 (fr) * 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 Olav Lauvdal Chariot élévateur à fourche et procédé de transport d'un chariot élévateur à fourche
CN112125236A (zh) * 2019-06-24 2020-12-25 比亚迪股份有限公司 叉车及其门架

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IE81118B1 (en) * 1996-05-31 2000-03-22 Moffett Res & Dev Ltd A forklift truck mounting frame
DE10329548A1 (de) * 2003-06-30 2005-02-17 Bernhard Enbergs Zugmaschine zum Transport von Anhängern, Aufliegern oder dergleichen, sowie Lasthebeeinrichtung für eine solche Zugmaschine
WO2008142551A2 (fr) 2007-05-23 2008-11-27 Moffett Research & Development Limited Procédé de montage d'un chariot élévateur à fourche sur un véhicule
EP2146921B1 (fr) 2007-05-23 2017-04-05 Moffett Research and Development Limited Système de montage d'un chariot élévateur à fourche sur un véhicule
FR3035875B1 (fr) * 2015-05-06 2019-06-07 Morice Constructeur Engin automoteur ou tracte pour le transport de chariot support de charge

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB940844A (en) 1961-01-26 1963-11-06 Cyril Edgar Page Improvements in lorries having lifting apparatus
FR2298454A1 (fr) * 1975-01-21 1976-08-20 Kooi Bv Camion a chariot elevateur porte
US4139111A (en) 1977-10-03 1979-02-13 Fritz Alton L Materials handling apparatus
US4177001A (en) 1977-08-05 1979-12-04 Blackwood William A Forklift attachment for highway vehicles
DE9212078U1 (de) * 1992-09-08 1992-11-26 Volbert, Franz Josef, 2800 Bremen Frontseitig an ein Trägerfahrzeug anbaubarer Lastenträger
EP0643009A1 (fr) * 1993-09-10 1995-03-15 Fdi- Sambron S.A. Système d'accrochage d'un chariot élévateur à au moins quatre éléments d'accrochage, berceau d'accrochage et chariot élévateur correspondants

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1058603A (en) * 1963-03-11 1967-02-15 Conveyancer Fork Trucks Ltd Means for stabilizing industrial lift trucks
SE316722B (fr) * 1968-06-06 1969-10-27 Lidhults Mekaniska Verkstad Ab
GB1448653A (en) * 1975-01-22 1976-09-08 Spence D M Tractor hydraulic lift

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB940844A (en) 1961-01-26 1963-11-06 Cyril Edgar Page Improvements in lorries having lifting apparatus
FR2298454A1 (fr) * 1975-01-21 1976-08-20 Kooi Bv Camion a chariot elevateur porte
US4177001A (en) 1977-08-05 1979-12-04 Blackwood William A Forklift attachment for highway vehicles
US4139111A (en) 1977-10-03 1979-02-13 Fritz Alton L Materials handling apparatus
DE9212078U1 (de) * 1992-09-08 1992-11-26 Volbert, Franz Josef, 2800 Bremen Frontseitig an ein Trägerfahrzeug anbaubarer Lastenträger
EP0643009A1 (fr) * 1993-09-10 1995-03-15 Fdi- Sambron S.A. Système d'accrochage d'un chariot élévateur à au moins quatre éléments d'accrochage, berceau d'accrochage et chariot élévateur correspondants

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008147218A2 (fr) * 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 Olav Lauvdal Chariot élévateur à fourche et procédé de transport d'un chariot élévateur à fourche
WO2008147218A3 (fr) * 2007-05-30 2009-01-22 Olav Lauvdal Chariot élévateur à fourche et procédé de transport d'un chariot élévateur à fourche
CN112125236A (zh) * 2019-06-24 2020-12-25 比亚迪股份有限公司 叉车及其门架

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2287237A (en) 1995-09-13
EP0761589B1 (fr) 2003-03-26
GB9504789D0 (en) 1995-04-26
GB2287237B (en) 1997-10-29

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