EP0756753B1 - Electric switching devices with blow-out channels for arc gases - Google Patents

Electric switching devices with blow-out channels for arc gases Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0756753B1
EP0756753B1 EP95916561A EP95916561A EP0756753B1 EP 0756753 B1 EP0756753 B1 EP 0756753B1 EP 95916561 A EP95916561 A EP 95916561A EP 95916561 A EP95916561 A EP 95916561A EP 0756753 B1 EP0756753 B1 EP 0756753B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blow
terminal
chambers
cover part
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95916561A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0756753A1 (en
Inventor
Christoph Bausch
Franz Böder
Bernd Howald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Industries GmbH
Original Assignee
Kloeckner Moeller GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kloeckner Moeller GmbH filed Critical Kloeckner Moeller GmbH
Publication of EP0756753A1 publication Critical patent/EP0756753A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0756753B1 publication Critical patent/EP0756753B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5855—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals characterised by the use of a wire clamping screw or nut
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H2011/0093—Standardization, e.g. limiting the factory stock by limiting the number of unique, i.e. different components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
    • H01H71/0207—Mounting or assembling the different parts of the circuit breaker
    • H01H71/0228—Mounting or assembling the different parts of the circuit breaker having provisions for interchangeable or replaceable parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/08—Terminals; Connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/0264—Protective covers for terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/30—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a screw or nut clamping member
    • H01R4/301—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a screw or nut clamping member having means for preventing complete unscrewing of screw or nut

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical switching device with a housing containing the actuating components of the switching device including arc quenching chambers, with a with respect to the quenching chambers separated by a partition wall of the housing connection side with open connection chambers for inserting clamping screw units with a clamping screw and with an opposite connection side and with a terminal cover part for the clamping screw units on the extinguishing chamber-side connection side with coaxially assigned through hole for screwing each clamping screw, with each connection chamber being assigned openings in the partition wall to the extinguishing chambers as well as in the terminal cover part outlet openings on the connection side for the outflow of arc gases from the extinguishing chambers.
  • an arc-protected switch in which a so-called exhaust-gas partition is additionally inserted into the connection chambers in the area of the mains connection side, as a result of which the escape of the hot arc gases on the connection side is prevented and the hot arc gases are deflected by 90 ° emerge from the top of the housing.
  • a so-called exhaust-gas partition is additionally inserted into the connection chambers in the area of the mains connection side, as a result of which the escape of the hot arc gases on the connection side is prevented and the hot arc gases are deflected by 90 ° emerge from the top of the housing.
  • this version too, there remains a connection from the connection chambers to the exhaust ducts for the hot exhaust gases in the area of the access to the clamping screws.
  • the invention has for its object to design the blow-out system for the hot arc gases of an electrical switching device with an extinguishing chamber, in which the hot arc gases are blown out in the area of the extinguishing chamber side so that an arc-protected switch is present.
  • this is intended to prevent the hot exhaust gases from coming into contact with the clamping screw units and, furthermore, from the hot arc gases flowing out in such a way that no faults occur even when they exit in the direction of the electrical conductor connections on the connection side on the extinguishing chamber side.
  • no additional shielding of the conductor connections on the connection side on the extinguishing chamber side should also be required.
  • a closed blow-out duct which is sealed off from the extinguishing chamber-side connection side of the housing, is provided, which is connected to the terminal cover part and can be connected tightly to the passage opening for the arc gases from the quenching chamber.
  • the outlet opening of this blow-off duct which is thus sealed off on all sides, is arranged on the connection side on the extinguishing chamber side in such a way that contact with the connection conductors is prevented.
  • a short flow path is provided in one plane, whereby it is avoided that the arc gases can penetrate into the connection chambers with the clamping screw units on the extinguishing chamber-side connection side of the switch.
  • blow-out channels are formed on the terminal cover part as integrally formed channel tubes, each of which is completely penetrated by a receiving dome which runs perpendicular to the flow direction of the arc gases and coaxial to the clamping screw inserted vertically into the respective connection chamber and which has a through hole for the Has clamping screw and divided the blow-out duct in sections into two sub-ducts with a total flow cross-section that is reduced compared to the other sections of the blow-out duct.
  • the access path for actuating the clamping screws of the clamping screw units located in the connection chambers and the flow path, that is to say blow-out duct for the hot arc gases are completely isolated from each other by means of two interpenetrating hollow bodies.
  • the flow path for the hot arc gases with the blow-out channel runs perpendicular to the actuation direction, that is, the screwing-in direction of the clamping screw.
  • the housing in the shape of the duct, surrounding the blow-out duct, preferably has a length corresponding to the depth of the connection chamber, so that it divides it.
  • the terminal cover part has an angled shape with a roof side for covering the connection chambers on the top of the housing and angled connecting webs for partially covering the sides of the connection chambers of the housing which are open towards the front, the duct tubes of the blow-out ducts are integrally formed on the cover webs.
  • Another important design feature of the invention is the tight connection of the blow-out channels of the terminal cover part to the housing, that is to say to the passage openings of the housing to the arc quenching chamber, by projecting into the connection chamber at the connection points of the blow-out channels to the passage openings on the partition below the passage openings
  • a sealing collar is formed onto which the inlet opening of the blow-out channels, which is shaped with a downward projection, can be placed on the terminal cover part.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that a labyrinth seal is formed at least in regions by grooves on the channel tube and / or sealing collar at the connection point of the blow-out channels at the passage openings of the partition wall on the contact surfaces.
  • the flow path of the hot arc gases is narrowed in cross section at least two places on the way from the quenching chamber to the outside and then expanded again in order to achieve a good mixing and cooling of the gases and deionization of the same.
  • This is done in that the flow path of the arc gases in the area of the passage openings when exiting from the quenching chambers by means of a discharge slide provided with outlet openings, partially covering the passage openings, with a first constriction and subsequent expansion of the flow path when entering the exhaust duct and then with a second constriction at Flow around the receiving dome passing through the blow-out channel and reducing its flow cross-section is formed.
  • a further advantageous embodiment consists in that the terminal cover part which can be fastened to the housing by means of screws can be pressed onto the partition wall of the housing by forming a pressure web in the screw holes of the terminal cover part with which the ends of the channel tubes comprising the inlet openings of the blow-out channels. This also results in a seal, with the terminal cover part inserted into the housing being fastened to the housing and, at the same time, a force component in the direction of pressing the terminal cover part against the connection side, that is to say a partition, towards the arcing chambers through the pressure webs.
  • a further embodiment makes it possible to magazine the clamping screw unit in the terminal cover part, that is to say to hold it without it falling out during assembly processes.
  • the receiving dome has a projection protruding into the through-bore for holding the clamping screw by engagement with its thread when the terminal cover part is inserted into the housing.
  • This is a quick one Assembly and disassembly possible.
  • the terminal cover part can be completely assembled and disassembled with the clamping screw units. However, it is also possible to individually pull the clamping screw units out of the terminal cover part and to insert them again.
  • outlet opening of the blow-out channels are located on the connection side of the connection chambers of the housing which is open towards the front.
  • the terminal cover part with integrated blow-out channel which can be removed from the switch housing according to the invention, also enables blow-out on the connection side at a distance from the freely accessible line connection connections of the connection chambers when connected horizontally to the housing, i.e. perpendicular to the flow direction of the arc gases.
  • a high level of safety against arcing of the arc gases in the area of the connection chambers of the switch is achieved, since a relatively small sealing surface has to be sealed, namely only the sealing surface at the connection point of the blow-out duct to the partition in the area of the passage openings to the extinguishing chamber of the housing.
  • the proposed terminal cover can also be used for the connection side located opposite the arcing chambers.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of an electrical switching device, for example a circuit breaker, with a housing 10.
  • the housing 10 has a connection side A with three connection chambers 13, a control room 14 for the actuating components and for arc-quenching chambers 11 adjoining the connection chambers 13 and a connection side B opposite the connection side A.
  • Quenching plates 110 are accommodated in the quenching chambers 11.
  • the arcing chambers 11 are separated from the connection chambers 13 by the partition 16 of the housing 10.
  • In the connection chambers 13 are clamping screw units 2 housed with clamping screw 2a.
  • a passage opening 132 for the arc gases for exiting the same in the direction of arrow G is provided in each connection chamber 13.
  • Blowout slides 3 are arranged behind the partition 16 in front of the quenching plates 110.
  • the connection chambers 13 are open at the top and at the front.
  • a terminal cover part 30 is placed on the housing 10 from above, that is, in the direction of arrow C, or from the front, that is, in the opposite direction of arrow G, but only from above, in the case of clamping screw units 2 already connected to the switching device .
  • a housing cover 20 is provided to cover the rest of the housing 10, which is open at the top, and further subdivisions can also be provided here.
  • Another, generally similar terminal cover part can be provided for the rear connection side B.
  • FIG. 2 shows the design of a blowout valve 3 with holes 3a for the passage of the arc gases.
  • the arrangement, shape and size of the holes 3a can be chosen according to the existing needs.
  • connection chamber 3 shows the configuration of the connection side A of the housing 10 for a circuit breaker according to FIG. 1 in detail.
  • the connection chambers 13 are open to the front and top.
  • the connection chambers 13 are separated from the quenching chambers 11 by the partition 16, each of which has an opening 131 in the region of the busbars 4 and the passage opening 132 for the arc gases at the upper end.
  • the openings 131, 132 are each covered by a blowout slide 3, the blowout slide 3 being provided with holes 3a in the area of the passage openings 132 for the passage of the arc gases.
  • connection chambers 13 serve to receive the clamping screw unit 2 with the clamping screw 2a, frame clamps, for example, as can be seen in the left connecting chamber 13 according to FIG. 3, being used.
  • the terminal cover part 30 is then pushed onto the housing 10 from above and then covers the connection chambers 13 upwards and partially towards the front, see FIG. 4.
  • the terminal cover part 30 has a roof side 307 for covering the connection chambers 13 on the top side of the housing and angled to Cover webs 306 protruding below, which cover the connection chambers 13 to the connection side A up to the region of the connection of the busbars 4.
  • the terminal cover part 30 is fastened to the housing 10 by means of screws passed through the screw holes 302.
  • a pressure web 303 is formed in each of the screw holes 302 near the connection side, whereby a pressure force for the terminal cover part 30 in the direction of the partition wall 16 of the housing 10 is generated when the screws are tightened.
  • blow-out channels 31 are formed on the terminal cover. These blow-out channels 31 have a sheath which is closed with respect to the connection chamber 13 in the form of the channel tubes 308 which surround the blow-out channel 31 and have, for example, an approximately rectangular cross section. These channel tubes 308 are molded onto the cover webs 306 of the terminal cover part 30 and extend from the connection side A to the partition 16 over the depth of the connection chambers 13.
  • the channel tubes 308 have the outlet opening 304 for the blow-out channel on the connection side A and the inlet opening 310 on the side facing the partition 16 of the housing 10.
  • the inlet opening 310 in the blow-out channel 31 is designed for connection corresponding to the passage opening 132 of the partition 16 with a sealing collar 15 (see FIG. 3), that is to say that it has a corresponding downward projection 313 with a sealing surface 312.
  • the terminal cover part 30 can now be placed with the entry opening 310 of the channel tube 308 with a precise fit on the sealing collar 15 and pressed against the partition 16 when the terminal cover part 30 is screwed onto the housing 10.
  • the arc gases are introduced into the quenching chamber 11 via the sealed connection point between the partition 16 and the blow-out channels 31 and are blown out through the blow-out channels 31 on their outlet side on the connection side A.
  • the channel tubes 308, which form the blow-out channels 31, are penetrated vertically by a tubular receiving dome 305.
  • the receiving dome 305 has a through bore 309 which, when the terminal cover part 30 is in place, extends onto the housing 10 coaxially with the clamping screw 2a.
  • the bore 309 runs coaxially to the through hole 301 on the roof side 307 of the terminal cover part 30, so that through the bore 309 Clamping screw 2a can be passed and actuated through the through hole 301 and the bore 309.
  • the receiving dome 305 can protrude on the underside of the channel tube 308 with a part 305a.
  • the receiving dome 305 divides the flow cross-section of the blow-out channel 31 into two sub-channels 31a, 31b while simultaneously reducing the flow cross-section by its own cross-section.
  • the receiving dome 305 protects the clamping screw unit 2 and the connection chambers 13 against the penetration of arc gases from the blow-out duct 31. In this way, an arc-protected switch, in particular an arc-protected connection side A, is made possible.
  • the flow path of the arcing gases from the quenching chamber 11 to the outside is, on the one hand, direct, that is to say provided in a flow plane G, and, alternately, through constrictions I, II with extensions for good mixing of the arcing gases formed with fresh air, see FIG. 8.
  • the arcing gases enter through the holes 3a of the blow-out slide 3 forming the first constriction I and the passage opening 132 of the partition 16 of the housing 10 into the inlet opening 310 of the blow-out channel 31 which is enlarged by the projection 313.
  • the blow-out channel 31 is then subsequently reduced by the receiving dome 305 penetrating it vertically and is subdivided into the subchannels 31a, 31b. These two subchannels 31a, 31b form the second constriction II for the arc gases. Then they flow in the direction G out of the outlet opening 304. The entire flow path of the arc gases from the quenching chamber 11 to the outlet opening 304 is closed and sealed off from the connection chambers 13.
  • the line connection connections remain freely accessible from the front (see FIG. 4), and the lines can be swung in unhindered when the terminal cover 30 is removed as shown in FIG. 3.
  • a high switching capacity is possible with a small size, and relatively large clamping screw units 2 can be used.
  • the simple construction means low manufacturing costs.
  • the passage opening 132 is approximately triangular in the example shown, but it can also have a different shape. In the case of the selected triangular shape, the sealing collar 15 can be provided with a depression or projection in the lower part in order to achieve a good fit and seal of the blow-out duct 31 to be connected.
  • a labyrinth seal can be provided downward in the region of the sealing collar 15, for example by means of an additional groove or above the passage opening 132 by forming a groove 311 in the region of the contact surface of the blow-out channel 31 (see FIG. 6).
  • FIG. 9 clearly shows the subchannels 31a, 31b which are closed in cross section, that is to say encapsulated with respect to the connection chamber 13, for the arcing gases.
  • the configuration of the terminal cover part 30 according to the invention with blow-off channels 31 encapsulated with respect to the connection chambers 13, including encapsulated mounting of the clamping screw units 2, enables simple preassembly and assembly of the switch and disassembly for the purpose of exchanging elements.
  • the routing of the arc gases in the blow-out channels 31 enables them to flow out in a directed manner without striking the line connections.
  • the invention further enables the formation of connection chambers 13 (see FIG. 3), which are no longer divided in height by partition walls, since the blow-out channels 31 are formed on the terminal cover part 30 and not on the housing 10. In this way, easy, user-friendly assembly and disassembly of the connections is possible.
  • two insertion slots 102 are provided on the housing 10 on the connection side A and optionally on the connection side B. formed in the intermediate walls 18 between the connection chambers 13 (see FIG. 3), into which corresponding snap webs 315 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) formed on the terminal cover part 30 are inserted.

Abstract

An electrical switch is intended to prevent hot arc gases from contacting the terminal screw units. The arc gases are to flow off in an already deionized manner so that no damage is caused even when they flow out towards the electric cable terminals without the need for additional shielding for the terminals. A terminal cover section is designed with blow-out channels which are fully encapsulated with respect to the terminal screws and to the terminal chambers and have an outlet aperture each. To fully encapsulate and provide access to each of the terminal screws, a location dome passes through each blow-out channel. At the points where the through apertures join the quench chambers, the inserted terminal cover section is sealed against the separating wall of the housing in the region of the blow-out channel inlet apertures. The arc gases flow from arc quenching chambers through a partition by way of passage openings. The passage openings open into the blow-out channels, which blow-out channels are wider than the passage openings. Then the arc gases flow through a portion of the blow-out channels narrowed by the presence of the location domes passing through the blow-out channels. As the arc gases pass beyond the location domes, the blow-out channels widen as a result of the absence of the location domes.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein elektrisches Schaltgerät mit einem Gehäuse, enthaltend die Betätigungskomponenten des Schaltgerätes einschließlich Lichtbogen-Löschkammern, mit einer bezüglich der Löschkammern durch eine Trennwand des Gehäuses abgeteilten Anschlußseite mit offenen Anschlußkammern zum Einsetzen von Klemmschraubeinheiten mit einer Klemmschraube und mit einer gegenüberliegenden Anschlußseite und mit einem Klemmenabdeckteil für die Klemmschraubeinheiten an der löschkammerseitigen Anschlußseite mit koaxial jeder Klemmschraube zugeordenetem Durchgangsloch zum Schrauben, wobei jeder Anschlußkammer zugeordnet sowohl in der Trennwand Durchtrittsöffnungen zu den Löschkammern als auch im Klemmenabdeckteil Austrittsöffnungen auf der Anschlußseite für das Ausströmen von Lichtbogengasen aus den Löschkammern ausgebildet sind.The invention relates to an electrical switching device with a housing containing the actuating components of the switching device including arc quenching chambers, with a with respect to the quenching chambers separated by a partition wall of the housing connection side with open connection chambers for inserting clamping screw units with a clamping screw and with an opposite connection side and with a terminal cover part for the clamping screw units on the extinguishing chamber-side connection side with coaxially assigned through hole for screwing each clamping screw, with each connection chamber being assigned openings in the partition wall to the extinguishing chambers as well as in the terminal cover part outlet openings on the connection side for the outflow of arc gases from the extinguishing chambers.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus der Druckschrift EP 0201731 B1 ist ein Schalter mit einem Ausblassystem für die Lichtbogengase der eingangs genannten Art bekannt geworden, bei dem die Lichtbogengase jedoch nur teilweise abgeschottet durch die Anschlußkammern an der löschkammerseitigen Anschlußseite herausgeführt werden, so daß die Klemmschraubeinheit für die Anschlüsse ebenfalls von den Lichtbogengasen beim Ausströmen umspült wird. Dieser Nachteil wird in Kauf genommen, um gleichzeitig eine Kaminwirkung für den Zustrom von Frischluft durch den Schraubkanal für die Klemmschraube der Klemmschraubeinheit auszunutzen. Bei diesem Schalter kann noch nicht von einem ausreichenden Schutz des Schalters im Bereich der Anschlußseite gegen die heißen Lichtbogengase ausgegangen werden.From the document EP 0201731 B1 a switch with a blow-out system for the arc gases of the type mentioned is known, in which the arc gases, however, are only partially sealed off through the connection chambers on the extinguishing chamber side connection side, so that the clamping screw unit for the connections also from the Arc gases are washed around when flowing out. This disadvantage is accepted in order to have a chimney effect for the inflow of fresh air through the screw channel for the To use the clamping screw of the clamping screw unit. With this switch, adequate protection of the switch in the area of the connection side against the hot arc gases cannot yet be assumed.

In der Druckschrift DE 4303550 Al wird ein lichtbogengeschützter Schalter vorgeschlagen, bei dem im Bereich der Netzanschlußseite zusätzlich eine sogenannte Abgas-Trennwand in die Anschlußkammern eingesetzt wird, wodurch der Austritt der heißen Lichtbogengase an der Anschlußseite verhindert wird und die heißen Lichtbogengase um 90° umgelenkt auf der Gehäuseoberseite austreten. Auch bei dieser Version verbleibt eine Verbindung von den Anschlußkammern zu den Ausblaskanälen für die heißen Abgase im Bereich des Zugriffs zu den Klemmschrauben.In the document DE 4303550 A1, an arc-protected switch is proposed, in which a so-called exhaust-gas partition is additionally inserted into the connection chambers in the area of the mains connection side, as a result of which the escape of the hot arc gases on the connection side is prevented and the hot arc gases are deflected by 90 ° emerge from the top of the housing. In this version, too, there remains a connection from the connection chambers to the exhaust ducts for the hot exhaust gases in the area of the access to the clamping screws.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Ausblassystem für die heißen Lichtbogengase eines elektrischen Schaltgerätes mit Löschkammer, bei dem die heißen Lichtbogengase im Bereich der löschkammerseitigen Anschlußseite ausgeblasen werden, so zu gestalten, daß ein lichtbogengeschützter Schalter vorliegt. Insbesondere soll hierbei verhindert werden, daß die heißen Abgase mit den Klemmschraubeinheiten in Berührung kommen und des weiteren ein Abströmen der heißen Lichtbogengase in einer Weise erfolgt, so daß auch bei Austritt in Richtung der elektrischen Leiteranschlüsse an der löschkammerseitigen Anschlußseite keine Störungen auftreten. Insbesondere soll auch keine zusätzliche Abschirmung der Leiteranschlüsse an der löschkammerseitigen Anschlußseite erforderlich sein.The invention has for its object to design the blow-out system for the hot arc gases of an electrical switching device with an extinguishing chamber, in which the hot arc gases are blown out in the area of the extinguishing chamber side so that an arc-protected switch is present. In particular, this is intended to prevent the hot exhaust gases from coming into contact with the clamping screw units and, furthermore, from the hot arc gases flowing out in such a way that no faults occur even when they exit in the direction of the electrical conductor connections on the connection side on the extinguishing chamber side. In particular, no additional shielding of the conductor connections on the connection side on the extinguishing chamber side should also be required.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem elektrischen Schaltgerät der eingangs genannten Gattung durch Vervollkommnung desselben in der Weise gelöst, daß das Klemmenabdeckteil mit gegenüber den Klemmschraubeinheiten und gegenüber den Anschlußkammern vollständig abgekapselten Ausblaskanälen mit einer Eintrittsöffnung und einer Austrittsöffnung zum Durchströmen der Lichtbogengase ausgebildet ist und das Klemmenabdeckteil im an das Gehäuse eingesetzten Zustand im Bereich der Eintrittsöffnungen der Ausblaskanäle dicht an der an die Durchtrittsöffnungen anschließenden Trennwand anliegt.This object is achieved with an electrical switching device of the type mentioned by perfecting it in such a way that the terminal cover part with respect to the clamping screw units and to the connection chambers completely encapsulated blow-out channels with an inlet opening and an outlet opening for flowing through the arc gases is formed and the terminal cover part in the state inserted into the housing in the area of the inlet openings of the blow-out channels lies close to the partition wall adjoining the passage openings.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird ein geschlossener Ausblaskanal, der gegenüber der löschkammerseitigen Anschlußseite des Gehäuses abgeschottet ist, vorgesehen, der mit dem Klemmenabdeckteil verbunden ist und dicht an die Durchtrittsöffnung für die Lichtbogengase aus der Löschkammer anschließbar ist. Die Austrittsöffnung dieses so nach allen Seiten abgeschotteten Ausblaskanals ist an der löschkammerseitigen Anschlußseite so angeordnet, daß eine Berührung mit den Anschlußleitern verhindert wird. Gemäß der Erfindung ist ein kurzer Strömungsweg in einer Ebene vorgesehen, wobei vermieden wird, daß die Lichtbogengase auf diesem Wege in die Anschlußkammern mit den Klemmschraubeinheiten an der löschkammerseitigen Anschlußseite des Schalters eindringen können.According to the invention, a closed blow-out duct, which is sealed off from the extinguishing chamber-side connection side of the housing, is provided, which is connected to the terminal cover part and can be connected tightly to the passage opening for the arc gases from the quenching chamber. The outlet opening of this blow-off duct, which is thus sealed off on all sides, is arranged on the connection side on the extinguishing chamber side in such a way that contact with the connection conductors is prevented. According to the invention, a short flow path is provided in one plane, whereby it is avoided that the arc gases can penetrate into the connection chambers with the clamping screw units on the extinguishing chamber-side connection side of the switch.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen der Unteransprüche entnehmbar.Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the characterizing features of the subclaims.

Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß am Klemmenabdeckteil die Ausblaskanäle als angeformten Kanalröhren ausgebildet sind, die von jeweils einem senkrecht zur Durchströmrichtung der Lichtbogengase und koaxial zu der in die jeweilige Anschlußkammer senkrecht eingesetzte Klemmschraube verlaufenden Aufnahmedom vollständig durchsetzt sind, der eine Durchgangsbohrung für die Klemmschraube aufweist und den Ausblaskanal streckenweise in zwei Teilkanäle mit in der Summe gegenüber den sonstigen Abschnitten des Ausblaskanals verringertem Durchströmungsquerschnitt unterteilt. Dadurch werden der Zugangsweg zum Betätigen der Klemmschrauben der in den Anschlußkammern sitzenden Klemmschraubeinheiten und der Strömungsweg, das heißt Ausblaskanal für die heißen Lichtbogengase, mittels zweier einander durchdringender Hohlkörper vollständig voneinander isoliert. Hierbei verläuft der Strömungsweg für die heißen Lichtbogengase mit dem Ausblaskanal senkrecht zu der Betätigungsrichtung, das heißt Einschraubrichtung der Klemmschraube.A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the blow-out channels are formed on the terminal cover part as integrally formed channel tubes, each of which is completely penetrated by a receiving dome which runs perpendicular to the flow direction of the arc gases and coaxial to the clamping screw inserted vertically into the respective connection chamber and which has a through hole for the Has clamping screw and divided the blow-out duct in sections into two sub-ducts with a total flow cross-section that is reduced compared to the other sections of the blow-out duct. As a result, the access path for actuating the clamping screws of the clamping screw units located in the connection chambers and the flow path, that is to say blow-out duct for the hot arc gases, are completely isolated from each other by means of two interpenetrating hollow bodies. The flow path for the hot arc gases with the blow-out channel runs perpendicular to the actuation direction, that is, the screwing-in direction of the clamping screw.

Das den Ausblaskanal umgebende Gehäuse in Gestalt der Kanalröhre hat vorzugsweise eine Länge entsprechend der Tiefe der Anschlußkammer, so daß es diese abteilt.The housing in the shape of the duct, surrounding the blow-out duct, preferably has a length corresponding to the depth of the connection chamber, so that it divides it.

Für die Berührungssicherheit vor spannungsführenden blanken Metallteilen ist es zweckmäßig, daß das Klemmenabdeckteil eine winklige Form mit einer Dachseite zum Abdecken der Anschlußkammern auf der Gehäuseoberseite und winklig anschließenden Abdeckstegen zum teilweisen Abdecken der nach vorne offenen Seiten der Anschlußkammern des Gehäuses aufweist, wobei die Kanalröhren der Ausblaskanäle an den Abdeckstegen angeformt sind.For safety against contact with live bare metal parts, it is expedient that the terminal cover part has an angled shape with a roof side for covering the connection chambers on the top of the housing and angled connecting webs for partially covering the sides of the connection chambers of the housing which are open towards the front, the duct tubes of the blow-out ducts are integrally formed on the cover webs.

Ein weiteres wichtiges Ausgestaltungsmerkmal der Erfindung ist der dichte Anschluß der Ausblaskanäle des Klemmenabdeckteiles an das Gehäuse, das heißt an die Durchtrittsöffnungen des Gehäuses zur Lichtbogen-Löschkammer, indem an den Anschlußstellen der Ausblaskanäle an den Durchtrittsöffnungen an der Trennwand unterhalb der Durchtrittsöffnungen ein in die Anschlußkammer vorstehender Dichtkragen angeformt ist, auf den die entsprechend mit einer nach unten gerichteten Auskragung geformte Eintrittsöffnung der Ausblaskanäle am Klemmenabdeckteil aufsetzbar ist.Another important design feature of the invention is the tight connection of the blow-out channels of the terminal cover part to the housing, that is to say to the passage openings of the housing to the arc quenching chamber, by projecting into the connection chamber at the connection points of the blow-out channels to the passage openings on the partition below the passage openings A sealing collar is formed onto which the inlet opening of the blow-out channels, which is shaped with a downward projection, can be placed on the terminal cover part.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß an der Anschlußstelle der Ausblaskanäle an den Durchtrittsöffnungen der Trennwand an den Anlageflächen zumindest bereichsweise durch Nuten an der Kanalröhre und/oder Dichtkragen eine Labyrinthdichtung ausgebildet ist. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, daß die heißen Lichtbogengase infolge des dichten Anschließens des Ausblaskanals des Klemmenabdeckteiles nicht in die Anschlußkammern der löschkammerseitigen Anschlußseite gelangen können.A further advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that a labyrinth seal is formed at least in regions by grooves on the channel tube and / or sealing collar at the connection point of the blow-out channels at the passage openings of the partition wall on the contact surfaces. In this way it is achieved that the hot arc gases due to the tight connection of the blow-out channel of the terminal cover part cannot get into the connection chambers on the extinguishing chamber side connection side.

In weiterer erfinderischer Ausgestaltung wird der Strömungsweg der heißen Lichtbogengase auf dem Weg von der Löschkammer nach draußen an mindesten zwei Stellen im Querschnitt verengt und dann wieder erweitert, um dabei eine gute Durchmischung und Abkühlung der Gase und Deionisierung derselben zu erreichen. Dies geschieht dadurch, daß der Strömungsweg der Lichtbogengase im Bereich der Durchtrittsöffnungen beim Austritt aus den Löschkammern mittels eines mit Austrittsöffnungen versehenen, die Durchtrittsöffnungen teilweise abdeckenden Ausblasschiebers mit einer ersten Verengung und nachfolgenden Erweiterung des Strömungsweges beim Eintritt in den Ausblaskanal und danach mit einer zweiten Verengung beim Umströmen des den Ausblaskanal durchsetzenden und dessen Strömungsquerschnitt verkleinernden Aufnahmedomes ausgebildet ist.In a further inventive embodiment, the flow path of the hot arc gases is narrowed in cross section at least two places on the way from the quenching chamber to the outside and then expanded again in order to achieve a good mixing and cooling of the gases and deionization of the same. This is done in that the flow path of the arc gases in the area of the passage openings when exiting from the quenching chambers by means of a discharge slide provided with outlet openings, partially covering the passage openings, with a first constriction and subsequent expansion of the flow path when entering the exhaust duct and then with a second constriction at Flow around the receiving dome passing through the blow-out channel and reducing its flow cross-section is formed.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung besteht darin, daß das mittels Schrauben am Gehäuse befestigbare Klemmenabdeckteil durch Ausbildung eines Anpreßsteges in den Schraublöchern des Klemmenabdeckteiles mit dem die Eintrittsöffnungen der Ausblaskanäle umfassenden Enden der Kanalröhren an die Trennwand des Gehäuses anpreßbar ist. Dadurch erfolgt zugleich eine Abdichtung, wobei das in das Gehäuse eingesetzte Klemmenabdeckteil am Gehäuse befestigt und gleichzeitig durch die Anpreßstege eine Kraftkomponente in Richtung Anpressen des Klemmenabdeckteiles an die Anschlußseite, das heißt Trennwand, zu den Löschkammern hin erfolgt.A further advantageous embodiment consists in that the terminal cover part which can be fastened to the housing by means of screws can be pressed onto the partition wall of the housing by forming a pressure web in the screw holes of the terminal cover part with which the ends of the channel tubes comprising the inlet openings of the blow-out channels. This also results in a seal, with the terminal cover part inserted into the housing being fastened to the housing and, at the same time, a force component in the direction of pressing the terminal cover part against the connection side, that is to say a partition, towards the arcing chambers through the pressure webs.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung ermöglicht, die Klemmschraubeinheit in dem Klemmenabdeckteil zu magazinieren, das heißt zu halten, ohne daß diese bei Montagevorgängen herausfällt. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß der Aufnahmedom einen in die Durchgangsbohrung hineinragenden Vorsprung zum Halten der Klemmschraube durch Eingriff mit ihrem Gewinde beim Einsetzen des Klemmenabdeckteiles in das Gehäuse aufweist. Damit ist eine schnelle Montage und Demontage möglich. Das Klemmenabdeckteil kann komplett mit den Klemmschraubeinheiten montiert und demontiert werden. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, die Klemmschraubeinheiten einzelnen aus dem Klemmenabdeckteil herauszuziehen und wieder einzuschieben.A further embodiment makes it possible to magazine the clamping screw unit in the terminal cover part, that is to say to hold it without it falling out during assembly processes. This is achieved in that the receiving dome has a projection protruding into the through-bore for holding the clamping screw by engagement with its thread when the terminal cover part is inserted into the housing. This is a quick one Assembly and disassembly possible. The terminal cover part can be completely assembled and disassembled with the clamping screw units. However, it is also possible to individually pull the clamping screw units out of the terminal cover part and to insert them again.

Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, daß die Austrittsöffnung der Ausblaskanäle sich auf der nach vorne offenen Anschlußseite der Anschlußkammern des Gehäuses befinden.Furthermore, it is advantageous that the outlet opening of the blow-out channels are located on the connection side of the connection chambers of the housing which is open towards the front.

Das erfindungsgemäß von dem Gehäuse des Schalters abnehmbare Klemmenabdeckteil mit integriertem Ausblaskanal ermöglicht, bei waagerechtem Anschluß an das Gehäuse, das heißt senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung der Lichtbogengase, zugleich das Ausblasen an der Anschlußseite mit Abstand von den frei zugänglichen Leitungsanschlußverbindungen der Anschlußkammern.The terminal cover part with integrated blow-out channel, which can be removed from the switch housing according to the invention, also enables blow-out on the connection side at a distance from the freely accessible line connection connections of the connection chambers when connected horizontally to the housing, i.e. perpendicular to the flow direction of the arc gases.

Es wird eine hohe Sicherheit vor Überschlägen der Lichtbogengase im Bereich der Anschlußkammern des Schalters erreicht, da eine relativ geringe Dichtfläche abgedichtet werden muß, nämlich nur die Dichtfläche an der Anschlußstelle des Ausblaskanals an die Trennwand im Bereich der Durchtrittsöffnungen zur Löschkammer des Gehäuses.A high level of safety against arcing of the arc gases in the area of the connection chambers of the switch is achieved, since a relatively small sealing surface has to be sealed, namely only the sealing surface at the connection point of the blow-out duct to the partition in the area of the passage openings to the extinguishing chamber of the housing.

Zur Reduzierung der verschiedenen Gehäuseteile und zur Schaffung eines einheitlichen Anschlußbildes läßt sich die vorgeschlagene Klemmenabdeckung auch für die entgegengesetzt zu den Löschkammern befindliche Anschlußseite verwenden.To reduce the various housing parts and to create a uniform connection diagram, the proposed terminal cover can also be used for the connection side located opposite the arcing chambers.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung eines elektrischen Schaltgerätes, beispielsweise eines Leistungsschalters, mit Lichtbogen-Löschkammern, wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen

Figur 1:
die schematische Explosionsdarstellung eines Schalters mit Lichtbogen-Löschkammern;
Figur 2:
einen Ausblasschieber;
Figur 3:
eine Ansicht auf die Anschlußseite A gemäß Fig. 1 des Gehäuses ohne Klemmenabdeckteil;
Figur 4:
eine Ansicht auf die Anschlußseite A gemäß Fig. 1 des Gehäuses mit Klemmenabdeckteil;
Figur 5:
eine schräge Frontansicht des Klemmenabdeckteiles;
Figur 6:
die schräge Unteransicht in Richtung P1 des Klemmenabdeckteiles nach Fig. 5;
Figur 7:
die schräge Rückansicht in Richtung P2 des Klemmenabdeckteiles nach Fig. 5;
Figur 8:
die Schnittansicht H-H gemäß Fig. 4 und
Figur 9:
die Schnittansicht K-K des Details von Fig. 7 in vergrößerter Darstellung.
The inventive design of an electrical switching device, for example a circuit breaker, with arc quenching chambers, is explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it
Figure 1:
the schematic exploded view of a switch with arc quenching chambers;
Figure 2:
a blowout valve;
Figure 3:
a view of the connection side A of Figure 1 of the housing without terminal cover.
Figure 4:
a view of the connection side A of Figure 1 of the housing with terminal cover.
Figure 5:
an oblique front view of the terminal cover part;
Figure 6:
the oblique bottom view in the direction P1 of the terminal cover according to Fig. 5;
Figure 7:
the oblique rear view in the direction P2 of the terminal cover part of FIG. 5;
Figure 8:
the sectional view HH of FIG. 4 and
Figure 9:
the sectional view KK of the detail of FIG. 7 in an enlarged view.

Bester Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungBest way to carry out the invention

In der Fig. 1 ist schematisch der Aufbau eines elektrischen Schaltgerätes, beispielsweise eines Leistungsschalters, mit einem Gehäuse 10 gezeigt. Das Gehäuse 10 hat eine Anschlu8seite A mit drei Anschlußkammern 13, einen Schaltraum 14 für die Betätigungskomponenten sowie für an die Anschlußkammern 13 angrenzende Lichtbogen-Löschkammern 11 und eine der Anschlußseite A gegenüberliegende Anschlußseite B. In den Löschkammern 11 sind Löschbleche 110 untergebracht. Die Löschkammern 11 sind von den Anschlußkammern 13 durch die Trennwand 16 des Gehäuses 10 abgeteilt. In den Anschlußkammern 13 sind Klemmschraubeinheiten 2 mit Klemmschraube 2a untergebracht. In der Trennwand 16 sind in jeder Anschlußkammer 13 eine Durchtrittsöffnung 132 für die Lichtbogengase zum Austritt derselben in Pfeilrichtung G vorgesehen. Hinter der Trennwand 16 vor den Löschblechen 110 sind jeweils Ausblasschieber 3 angeordnet. Die Anschlußkammern 13 sind nach oben und nach vorne offen. Auf die Anschlußseite A wird zum Abdecken der Anschlußkammern 13 ein Klemmenabdeckteil 30 von oben, das heißt in Pfeilrichtung C, oder von vorn, das heißt entgegen Pfeilrichtung G, auf das Gehäuse 10 aufgesetzt - allerdings bei bereits mit dem Schaltgerät verbundenen Klemmschraubeinheiten 2 nur von oben. Des weiteren ist ein Gehäusedeckel 20 zum Abdecken des übrigen nach oben offenen Gehäuses 10 vorgesehen, wobei auch hier weitere Unterteilungen vorgesehen sein können. Ein weiteres, im allgemeinen gleichartiges Klemmenabdeckteil kann für die hintere Anschlußseite B vorgesehen werden.1 schematically shows the structure of an electrical switching device, for example a circuit breaker, with a housing 10. The housing 10 has a connection side A with three connection chambers 13, a control room 14 for the actuating components and for arc-quenching chambers 11 adjoining the connection chambers 13 and a connection side B opposite the connection side A. Quenching plates 110 are accommodated in the quenching chambers 11. The arcing chambers 11 are separated from the connection chambers 13 by the partition 16 of the housing 10. In the connection chambers 13 are clamping screw units 2 housed with clamping screw 2a. In the partition wall 16, a passage opening 132 for the arc gases for exiting the same in the direction of arrow G is provided in each connection chamber 13. Blowout slides 3 are arranged behind the partition 16 in front of the quenching plates 110. The connection chambers 13 are open at the top and at the front. To cover the connection chambers 13, a terminal cover part 30 is placed on the housing 10 from above, that is, in the direction of arrow C, or from the front, that is, in the opposite direction of arrow G, but only from above, in the case of clamping screw units 2 already connected to the switching device . Furthermore, a housing cover 20 is provided to cover the rest of the housing 10, which is open at the top, and further subdivisions can also be provided here. Another, generally similar terminal cover part can be provided for the rear connection side B.

In der Fig. 2 ist die Ausbildung eines Ausblasschiebers 3 mit Löchern 3a für den Durchtritt der Lichtbogengase dargestellt. Die Anordnung, Form und Größe der Löcher 3a kann nach den vorhandenen Notwendigkeiten gewählt werden.2 shows the design of a blowout valve 3 with holes 3a for the passage of the arc gases. The arrangement, shape and size of the holes 3a can be chosen according to the existing needs.

In der Fig. 3 ist die Ausgestaltung der Anschlußseite A des Gehäuses 10 für einen Leistungsschalter gemäß Fig. 1 im Detail dargestellt. Die Anschlußkammern 13 sind nach vorne und oben offen. Es sind drei Anschlußkammern 13 mit jeweils einer Stromschiene 4 ausgebildet. Die Anschlußkammern 13 sind gegenüber den Löschkammern 11 durch die Trennwand 16 abgeteilt, die im Bereich der Stromschienen 4 jeweils eine Öffnung 131 und am oberen Ende die Durchtrittsöffnung 132 für die Lichtbogengase aufweist. Die Öffnungen 131, 132 werden jeweils durch einen Ausblasschieber 3 abgedeckt, wobei im Bereich der Durchtrittsöffnungen 132 der Ausblasschieber 3 mit Löchern 3a für den Durchtritt der Lichtbogengase ausgestattet ist. Beim Austreten von heißen Lichtbogengasen wird der Ausblasschieber 3 fest gegen die Trennwand 16 gedrückt, so daß keine Lichtbogengase im Bereich der öffnung 131 in die Anschlußkammer 13 dringen können. Im Bereich der die Anschlußkammern 13 abteilenden Zwischenwände 18 sind oberseitig Löcher 17 für Schrauben zum Befestigen des Klemmenabdeckteiles 30 ausgebildet. Auf der der Anschlußkammer 13 zugewandten Seite der Trennwand 16 ist unterhalb der Durchtrittsöffnung 132 mit etwas Abstand 15a ein in Richtung Anschlußkammer 13 vorstehender Dichtkragen 15 ausgebildet. Dieser Dichtkragen 15 bildet einen Aufsatz für einem am Klemmenabdeckteil 30 angeformten Ausblaskanal, der weiter unten beschrieben wird. Die Anschlußkammern 13 dienen der Aufnahme der Klemmschraubeinheit 2 mit Klemmschraube 2a, wobei beispielsweise Rahmenklemmen, wie in der linken Anschlußkammer 13 gemäß Fig. 3 ersichtlich, verwendet werden.3 shows the configuration of the connection side A of the housing 10 for a circuit breaker according to FIG. 1 in detail. The connection chambers 13 are open to the front and top. There are three connection chambers 13, each with a busbar 4. The connection chambers 13 are separated from the quenching chambers 11 by the partition 16, each of which has an opening 131 in the region of the busbars 4 and the passage opening 132 for the arc gases at the upper end. The openings 131, 132 are each covered by a blowout slide 3, the blowout slide 3 being provided with holes 3a in the area of the passage openings 132 for the passage of the arc gases. When hot arc gases emerge, the blowout valve 3 is pressed firmly against the partition 16, so that no arc gases penetrate into the connection chamber 13 in the region of the opening 131 can. Holes 17 for screws for fastening the terminal cover part 30 are formed on the upper side in the region of the intermediate walls 18 dividing the connection chambers 13. On the side of the partition wall 16 facing the connection chamber 13, a sealing collar 15 projecting in the direction of the connection chamber 13 is formed below the passage opening 132 with a certain distance 15a. This sealing collar 15 forms an attachment for a blow-out channel formed on the terminal cover part 30, which is described further below. The connection chambers 13 serve to receive the clamping screw unit 2 with the clamping screw 2a, frame clamps, for example, as can be seen in the left connecting chamber 13 according to FIG. 3, being used.

Das Klemmenabdeckteil 30 wird dann auf das Gehäuse 10 von oben aufgeschoben und deckt dann die Anschlußkammern 13 nach oben und teilweise nach vorne ab, siehe Fig. 4. Das Klemmenabdeckteil 30 weist eine Dachseite 307 zum Abdecken der Anschlußkammern 13 auf der Gehäuseoberseite auf sowie abgewinkelt nach unten vorstehende Abdeckstege 306, die die Anschlußkammern 13 zur Anschlußseite A bis auf den Bereich des Anschlusses der Stromschienen 4 abdecken. Das Klemmenabdeckteil 30 wird mittels durch die Schraublöcher 302 geführter Schrauben an dem Gehäuse 10 befestigt. In den Schraublöchern 302 sind jeweils ein Anpreßsteg 303 nahe der Anschlußseite hin angeformt, wodurch beim Festziehen der Schrauben eine Anpreßkraft für das Klemmenabdeckteil 30 in Richtung auf die Trennwand 16 des Gehäuses 10 erzeugt wird. Auf der Dachseite 307 des Klemmenabdeckteiles 30 sind des weiteren Durchgangslöcher 301 koaxial zu den in die Anschlußkammern eingesetzten Klemmschrauben 2a ausgebildet, um durch diese hindurch die Klemmschrauben 2a zu betätigen. Über die Durchgangslöcher 301 können allerdings auch mit Kabelschuhen versehe Leiter direkt mit den Stromschienen 4 verschraubt werden.The terminal cover part 30 is then pushed onto the housing 10 from above and then covers the connection chambers 13 upwards and partially towards the front, see FIG. 4. The terminal cover part 30 has a roof side 307 for covering the connection chambers 13 on the top side of the housing and angled to Cover webs 306 protruding below, which cover the connection chambers 13 to the connection side A up to the region of the connection of the busbars 4. The terminal cover part 30 is fastened to the housing 10 by means of screws passed through the screw holes 302. A pressure web 303 is formed in each of the screw holes 302 near the connection side, whereby a pressure force for the terminal cover part 30 in the direction of the partition wall 16 of the housing 10 is generated when the screws are tightened. On the roof side 307 of the terminal cover part 30, further through holes 301 are formed coaxially with the clamping screws 2a inserted into the connection chambers in order to actuate the clamping screws 2a through them. Via the through holes 301, however, conductors provided with cable lugs can also be screwed directly to the busbars 4.

In den Figuren 5, 6 und 7 ist das Klemmenabdeckteil 30 aus verschiedenen Perspektiven dargestellt. Für die geschlossene Ableitung der Lichtbogengase aus den Löschkammern 11 durch die Durchtrittsöffnungen 132 der Trennwand 16 des Gehäuses 10 und durch die Anschlußkammern 13 hindurch nach draußen sind an dem Klemmenabdeckteil 30 Ausblaskanäle 31 ausgebildet. Diese Ausblaskanäle 31 weisen eine gegenüber der Anschlußkammer 13 geschlossene Umhüllung in Gestalt der den Ausblaskanal 31 umschließenden Kanalröhren 308 mit beispielsweise etwa rechteckigem Querschnitt auf. Diese Kanalröhren 308 sind an den Abdeckstegen 306 des Klemmenabdeckteiles 30 angeformt und erstrecken sich von der Anschlußseite A bis an die Trennwand 16 über die Tiefe der Anschlußkammern 13. Die Kanalröhren 308 weisen die Austrittsöffnung 304 für den Ausblaskanal auf der Anschlußseite A auf und die Eintrittsöffnung 310 auf der der Trennwand 16 des Gehäuses 10 zugewandten Seite. Die Eintrittsöffnung 310 in den Ausblaskanal 31 ist zum Anschluß entsprechend der Durchtrittsöffnung 132 der Trennwand 16 mit Dichtkragen 15 (siehe Fig. 3) ausgebildet, das heißt, sie weist eine entsprechende Auskragung 313 nach unten mit einer Dichtfläche 312 auf. Das Klemmenabdeckteil 30 kann nun mit der Eintrittsöffnung 310 der Kanalröhre 308 paßgenau auf den Dichtkragen 15 aufgesetzt und an die Trennwand 16 beim Festschrauben des Klemmenabdeckteiles 30 an dem Gehäuse 10 angepreßt werden. Auf diese Weise wird ein dichter Anschluß der Ausblaskanäle 31 an das Gehäuse 10 im Bereich der Durchtrittsöffnungen 132 zu den Löschkammern 11 und damit eine hohe Sicherheit gegen das Überschlagen des Lichtbogens in die Anschlußkammern 13 erreicht. Die Lichtbogengase werden aus der Löschkammer 11 über die abgedichtete Anschlußstelle zwischen Trennwand 16 und Ausblaskanälen 31 in dieselben eingeleitet und durch die Ausblaskanäle 31 hindurch auf deren Austrittsseite an der Anschlußseite A ausgeblasen. Die Kanalröhren 308, welche die Ausblaskanäle 31 bilden, werden von einem röhrenförmigen Aufnahmedom 305 senkrecht durchsetzt. Der Aufnahmedom 305 weist eine durchgehende Bohrung 309 auf, die im aufgesetzten Zustand des Klemmenabdeckteiles 30 auf das Gehäuse 10 koaxial zur Klemmschraube 2a verläuft. Des weiteren verläuft die Bohrung 309 koaxial zum Durchgangsloch 301 auf der Dachseite 307 des Klemmenabdeckteiles 30, so daß durch die Bohrung 309 die Klemmschraube 2a hindurchführbar und durch das Durchgangsloch 301 sowie die Bohrung 309 betätigbar ist. Der Aufnahmedom 305 kann auf der Unterseite der Kanalröhre 308 mit einem Teil 305a vorstehen. Der Aufnahmedom 305 teilt den Strömungsquerschnitt des Ausblaskanals 31 in zwei Teilkanäle 31a, 31b unter gleichzeitiger Verkleinerung des Strömungsquerschnittes um seinen eigenen Querschnitt. Der Aufnahmedom 305 schützt die Klemmschraubeinheit 2 und die Anschlußkammern 13 vor dem Eindringen von Lichtbogengasen aus dem Ausblaskanal 31. Auf diese Weise ist ein lichtbogengeschützter Schalter, insbesondere eine lichtbogengeschützte Anschlußseite A ermöglicht.5, 6 and 7, the terminal cover part 30 is shown from different perspectives. For the closed discharge of the arc gases from the quenching chambers 11 through the Through-openings 132 of the partition 16 of the housing 10 and through the connection chambers 13 to the outside, 30 blow-out channels 31 are formed on the terminal cover. These blow-out channels 31 have a sheath which is closed with respect to the connection chamber 13 in the form of the channel tubes 308 which surround the blow-out channel 31 and have, for example, an approximately rectangular cross section. These channel tubes 308 are molded onto the cover webs 306 of the terminal cover part 30 and extend from the connection side A to the partition 16 over the depth of the connection chambers 13. The channel tubes 308 have the outlet opening 304 for the blow-out channel on the connection side A and the inlet opening 310 on the side facing the partition 16 of the housing 10. The inlet opening 310 in the blow-out channel 31 is designed for connection corresponding to the passage opening 132 of the partition 16 with a sealing collar 15 (see FIG. 3), that is to say that it has a corresponding downward projection 313 with a sealing surface 312. The terminal cover part 30 can now be placed with the entry opening 310 of the channel tube 308 with a precise fit on the sealing collar 15 and pressed against the partition 16 when the terminal cover part 30 is screwed onto the housing 10. In this way, a tight connection of the blow-out ducts 31 to the housing 10 in the area of the passage openings 132 to the quenching chambers 11 and thus a high level of security against the arcing over into the connection chambers 13 is achieved. The arc gases are introduced into the quenching chamber 11 via the sealed connection point between the partition 16 and the blow-out channels 31 and are blown out through the blow-out channels 31 on their outlet side on the connection side A. The channel tubes 308, which form the blow-out channels 31, are penetrated vertically by a tubular receiving dome 305. The receiving dome 305 has a through bore 309 which, when the terminal cover part 30 is in place, extends onto the housing 10 coaxially with the clamping screw 2a. Furthermore, the bore 309 runs coaxially to the through hole 301 on the roof side 307 of the terminal cover part 30, so that through the bore 309 Clamping screw 2a can be passed and actuated through the through hole 301 and the bore 309. The receiving dome 305 can protrude on the underside of the channel tube 308 with a part 305a. The receiving dome 305 divides the flow cross-section of the blow-out channel 31 into two sub-channels 31a, 31b while simultaneously reducing the flow cross-section by its own cross-section. The receiving dome 305 protects the clamping screw unit 2 and the connection chambers 13 against the penetration of arc gases from the blow-out duct 31. In this way, an arc-protected switch, in particular an arc-protected connection side A, is made possible.

Um das schnelle Deionisieren der Lichtbogengase und Abströmen zu ermöglichen, ist der Strömungsweg der Lichtbogengase aus der Löschkammer 11 nach draußen zum einen direkt, das heißt in einer Strömungsebene G vorgesehen und des weiteren durch Engstellen I, II abwechselnd mit Erweiterungen für eine gute Durchmischung der Lichtbogengase mit Frischluft ausgebildet, siehe Fig. 8. Die Lichtbogengase treten hierbei durch die die erste Engstelle I bildenden Löcher 3a der Ausblasschieber 3 und die Durchtrittsöffnung 132 der Trennwand 16 des Gehäuses 10 in die durch die Auskragung 313 vergrößerte Eintrittsöffnung 310 des Ausblaskanals 31 ein. Der Ausblaskanal 31 ist dann nachfolgend durch den ihn senkrecht durchsetzenden Aufnahmedom 305 verkleinert und wird in die Teilkanäle 31a, 31b unterteilt. Diese beiden Teilkanäle 31a, 31b bilden die zweite Engstelle II für die Lichtbogengase. Danach strömen diese in Richtung G aus der Austrittsöffnung 304 ab. Der gesamte Strömungsweg der Lichtbogengase von der Löschkammer 11 bis zur Austrittsöffnung 304 ist geschlossen und gegenüber den Anschlußkammern 13 abgedichtet. Beim Durchlaufen der Lichtbogengase über die erste Engstelle I, die Erweiterung des Ausblasraumes an der Anschlußstelle und dann über die zweite Engstelle II im Ausblaskanal 31 mit anschließender Erweiterung bis zur endgültigen Ausblasung aus dem Klemmenabdeckteil 30 wird eine optimale Durchmischung und Abkühlung der Lichtbogengase erreicht.In order to enable the rapid deionization of the arcing gases and outflows, the flow path of the arcing gases from the quenching chamber 11 to the outside is, on the one hand, direct, that is to say provided in a flow plane G, and, alternately, through constrictions I, II with extensions for good mixing of the arcing gases formed with fresh air, see FIG. 8. The arcing gases enter through the holes 3a of the blow-out slide 3 forming the first constriction I and the passage opening 132 of the partition 16 of the housing 10 into the inlet opening 310 of the blow-out channel 31 which is enlarged by the projection 313. The blow-out channel 31 is then subsequently reduced by the receiving dome 305 penetrating it vertically and is subdivided into the subchannels 31a, 31b. These two subchannels 31a, 31b form the second constriction II for the arc gases. Then they flow in the direction G out of the outlet opening 304. The entire flow path of the arc gases from the quenching chamber 11 to the outlet opening 304 is closed and sealed off from the connection chambers 13. When the arc gases pass through the first narrow point I, the expansion of the blow-out space at the connection point and then via the second narrow point II in the blow-out duct 31 with subsequent expansion until the final blow-out from the terminal cover part 30, an optimal mixing and cooling of the arc gases is achieved.

Bei dieser Ausführung des Klemmenabdeckteiles 30 mit angeformten Ausblaskanälen 31 bleiben die Leitungsanschlußverbindungen frei zugänglich von vorne (siehe Fig. 4), und die Leitungen können bei abgenommener Klemmenabdeckung 30 entsprechend Fig. 3 ungehindert eingeschwenkt werden. Durch die relativ kleine Dichtfläche 312 im Bereich der Eintrittsöffnung 310 des Ausblaskanals 31, der an dem Klemmenabdeckteil 30 angeformt ist, und der Trennwand 10 des Gehäuses wird eine hohe Sicherheit vor Überschlägen erreicht. Es ist eine hohe Schaltleistung bei kleiner Baugröße möglich, und es können relativ große Klemmschraubeinheiten 2 verwendet werden. Die einfache Konstruktion bedeutet niedrige Fertigungskosten. Die Durchtrittsöffnung 132 ist in dem gezeigten Beispiel etwa dreieckig, sie kann jedoch auch eine andere Form aufweisen. Bei der gewählten Dreieckform kann der Dichtkragen 15 im unteren Teil entsprechend mit einer Aussenkung oder Auskragung versehen sein, um auf diese Weise eine gute Passung und Dichtung des anzuschließenden Ausblaskanals 31 zu erreichen.In this embodiment of the terminal cover part 30 with molded blow-out channels 31, the line connection connections remain freely accessible from the front (see FIG. 4), and the lines can be swung in unhindered when the terminal cover 30 is removed as shown in FIG. 3. Due to the relatively small sealing surface 312 in the area of the inlet opening 310 of the blow-out channel 31, which is molded onto the terminal cover part 30, and the partition wall 10 of the housing, high security against rollovers is achieved. A high switching capacity is possible with a small size, and relatively large clamping screw units 2 can be used. The simple construction means low manufacturing costs. The passage opening 132 is approximately triangular in the example shown, but it can also have a different shape. In the case of the selected triangular shape, the sealing collar 15 can be provided with a depression or projection in the lower part in order to achieve a good fit and seal of the blow-out duct 31 to be connected.

Zusätzlich kann eine Labyrinthdichtung nach unten im Bereich des Dichtkragens 15 vorgesehen werden, beispielsweise durch eine zusätzliche Nut oder oberhalb der Durchtrittsöffnung 132 durch Ausbilden von einer Nut 311 im Bereich der Anlagefläche des Ausblaskanals 31 (siehe Fig. 6).In addition, a labyrinth seal can be provided downward in the region of the sealing collar 15, for example by means of an additional groove or above the passage opening 132 by forming a groove 311 in the region of the contact surface of the blow-out channel 31 (see FIG. 6).

Um das Herausfallen der Klemmschraubeinheit 2 mit Klemmschraube 2a aus dem Klemmenabdeckteil 30 im abgenommenen Zustand desselben zu verhindern, wird eine Halterungsmöglichkeit für die Klemmschraube 2a, wie aus der Fig. 9 ersichtlich, vorgeschlagen. Hierbei ist der Aufnahmedom 305 im Bereich seiner Durchgangsbohrung 309 vorzugsweise im oberen Bereich mit seitlichen Haltevorsprüngen 305b ausgebildet. Die Klemmschraube 2a wird dann durch Eingriff ihres Gewindes an den Vorsprung 305b gehalten. Aus der Fig. 9 sind deutlich die im Querschnitt geschlossenen, das heißt gegenüber der Anschlußkammer 13 abgekapselten Teilkanäle 31a, 31b für die Lichtbogengase ersichtlich.In order to prevent the clamping screw unit 2 with the clamping screw 2a from falling out of the terminal cover part 30 when it is removed, a mounting option for the clamping screw 2a, as can be seen in FIG. 9, is proposed. Here, the receiving dome 305 is preferably formed in the area of its through hole 309 in the upper area with lateral holding projections 305b. The clamping screw 2a is then held by engagement of its thread on the projection 305b. FIG. 9 clearly shows the subchannels 31a, 31b which are closed in cross section, that is to say encapsulated with respect to the connection chamber 13, for the arcing gases.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Klemmenabdeckteiles 30 mit gegenüber den Anschlußkammern 13 abgekapselten Ausblaskanälen 31 einschließlich abgekapselter Halterung der Klemmschraubeinheiten 2 ermöglicht eine einfache Vormontage und Montage des Schalters sowie Demontage zum Zwecke des Austausches von Elementen. Die Führung der Lichtbogengase in den Ausblaskanälen 31 ermöglicht das gerichtete Abströmen derselben, ohne daß sie auf die Leitungsanschlüsse auftreffen. Die Erfindung ermöglicht des weiteren die Ausbildung von Anschlußkammern 13 (siehe Fig. 3), die nicht mehr durch Zwischenwände in der Höhe unterteilt sind, da die Ausblaskanäle 31 am Klemmenabdeckteil 30 - und nicht am Gehäuse 10 - angeformt sind. Auf diese Weise ist eine leichte anwenderfreundliche Montage und Demontage der Anschlüsse möglich.The configuration of the terminal cover part 30 according to the invention with blow-off channels 31 encapsulated with respect to the connection chambers 13, including encapsulated mounting of the clamping screw units 2, enables simple preassembly and assembly of the switch and disassembly for the purpose of exchanging elements. The routing of the arc gases in the blow-out channels 31 enables them to flow out in a directed manner without striking the line connections. The invention further enables the formation of connection chambers 13 (see FIG. 3), which are no longer divided in height by partition walls, since the blow-out channels 31 are formed on the terminal cover part 30 and not on the housing 10. In this way, easy, user-friendly assembly and disassembly of the connections is possible.

Um ein Herabfallen der Klemmenabdeckung 30 vom Gehäuse 10 bei noch nicht montierten Befestigungsschrauben über die Schraublöcher 302 und die Löcher 17 und bei nicht montierten Klemmschraubeinheiten 2 zu verhindern, sind an dem Gehäuse 10 an der Anschlußseite A und gegebenenfalls an der Anschlußseite B jeweils zwei Einsteckschlitze 102 in den Zwischenwänden 18 zwischen den Anschlußkammern 13 ausgebildet (siehe Fig. 3), in die entsprechende an dem Klemmenabdeckteil 30 angeformte Schnappstege 315 (siehe Fig. 6 und 7) eingesteckt werden.In order to prevent the terminal cover 30 from falling off the housing 10 when the fastening screws are not yet mounted via the screw holes 302 and the holes 17 and when the clamping screw units 2 are not mounted, two insertion slots 102 are provided on the housing 10 on the connection side A and optionally on the connection side B. formed in the intermediate walls 18 between the connection chambers 13 (see FIG. 3), into which corresponding snap webs 315 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) formed on the terminal cover part 30 are inserted.

Claims (10)

  1. Electrical switching device with a housing (10) containing the actuation components of the switching device, including arc quenching chambers (11), with a terminal side (A) separated from the quenching chambers (11) by a partition (16) of the housing (10), which terminal side (A) has open terminal chambers (13) for the insertion of terminal screw units (2) with a terminal screw (2a) and with an opposite terminal side (B), and with a terminal cover part (30) for the terminal screw units (2) on the quenching-chamber-side terminal aide (A) with a through hole (301) for the screw connection oriented coaxial to each terminal screw (2a), whereby corresponding to each terminal chamber (13), there are both passage openings (132) to the quenching chambers (11) in the partition (16) and outlet openings (304) in the terminal cover part (30) on the terminal side (A) for the discharge of arc gases from the quenching embers (11), characterised by the feet that the terminal cover part (30) is realised with blow-out channels (31) which are completely encapsulated with respect to the terminal screw unit. (2) and with respect to the terminal chambers (13), which blow-out channels (31) have an inlet opening (310) and an outlet opening 1304) for the flow of the are gases, and when the terminal cover part (31) [translator's correction - 30), is installed on the housing (10), the terminal cover part (30) is in contact in the vicinity of the inlet openings (310) of the blow-out channels (31) tight up against the partition (16) which is adjacent to the passage openings (132).
  2. Switching device as claimed in claim 1, characterised by the fact that the blow-out channels (31) are realised on the terminal cover part (30) in the form of moulded channel ducts (308), and are each completely penetrated by a location dome (305) which is perpendicular to the flow direction (G) of the are gases and coaxial to the terminal screw (2a) inserted perpendicularly into the respective 14 terminal chamber (13), which location dome (305) has a through hole (309) for the terminal screw (2a) and divides the blow-out channel (31) over portions of its length into two sub-channels (31a, 31b) which have a total flow cross section which is less than the flow cross section of the other segments of the blow-out channel (31).
  3. Switching device as claimed in claim 2, characterised by the fact that the channel ducts (308) each have a length which equals the depth (t) of the terminal chambers (13).
  4. Switching device as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised by the fact that the terminal cover part (30) has an angular shape with a roof side (307) which covers the terminal chambers (13) on the upper side of the housing, and cover webs (306) attached at an angle which cover webs (306) partly cover the open front sides of the terminal chambers (13) of the housing (10), whereby the channel ducts (308) of the blow-out channels (31) are moulded onto the cover webs (306).
  5. Switching device as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised by the fact that at the connection points of the blow-out channels (31) to the passage openings (132) on the partition (16), below the passage openings (132), a sealing collar (15) is moulded, which sealing collar (15) projects into the terminal chamber (13), whereby the inlet opening (310) of the blow-out channels (31) on the terminal cover part (30) has a corresponding downward-pointing overhang, and the inlet opening (310) can be placed on the sealing collar.
  6. Switching device as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised by the fact that at the connection point of the blow-out channels (31) to the passage openings (132) of the partition (16), a labyrinth seal is formed at the contact surfaces, at least in partial areas, by means of grooves (311) on the channel ducts (308) and/or on a sealing collar (15).
  7. Switching device as claimed in claim 2, characterised by the fact that the flow path (G) of the arc gases in the vicinity of the passage openings (132), at the outlet from the quenching chambers (11) is realised by means of a blow-out damper (3) which is provided with outlet openings (3a) and partly covers the passage openings (132), with a
       first narrow portion followed by an expanded portion of the flow path at the inlet into the blow-out channel (31), followed by a second narrow portion at the point where it flows around the location dome (305) which penetrates the blow-out channel (31) and reduces its flow cross section.
  8. Switching device as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3 or 7, characterised by the fact that the terminal cover part (30) which can be fastened to the housing (10) by means of screws can be pressed against the partition (16) of the housing (10) as a result of the realisation of an application web (303) in the screw holes (302) of the terminal cover part (30) with the ends of the channel ducts (30) which comprise the inlet openings (310) of the blow-out channels (31).
  9. Switching device as claimed in one of the claims 2, 3 or 7, characterised by the fact that the location dome (305) has a projection (305b) which projects into the through hole (309) to hold the terminal screw (2a) by engagement with its thread when the terminal cover part (30) is inserted into the housing (10).
  10. Switching device as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3 or 7, characterised by the fact that the outlet openings (304) of the blow-out channels (31) are located on the open front terminal side (A) of the terminal chambers (13) of the housing (10).
EP95916561A 1994-04-20 1995-04-15 Electric switching devices with blow-out channels for arc gases Expired - Lifetime EP0756753B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9406404U DE9406404U1 (en) 1994-04-20 1994-04-20 Electrical switching device with blow-out channels for arc gases
DE9406404U 1994-04-20
PCT/DE1995/000520 WO1995029497A1 (en) 1994-04-20 1995-04-15 Electric switching devices with blow-out channels for arc gases

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0756753A1 EP0756753A1 (en) 1997-02-05
EP0756753B1 true EP0756753B1 (en) 1997-10-29

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US (1) US5811749A (en)
EP (1) EP0756753B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3244705B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1063575C (en)
AT (1) ATE159836T1 (en)
DE (2) DE9406404U1 (en)
HK (1) HK1001031A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1995029497A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1001031A1 (en) 1998-05-15
US5811749A (en) 1998-09-22
DE59500919D1 (en) 1997-12-04
WO1995029497A1 (en) 1995-11-02
JP3244705B2 (en) 2002-01-07
ATE159836T1 (en) 1997-11-15
CN1157053A (en) 1997-08-13
EP0756753A1 (en) 1997-02-05
DE9406404U1 (en) 1994-06-23
CN1063575C (en) 2001-03-21
JPH09507722A (en) 1997-08-05

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