EP0756461B1 - Tobacco products, or substances similar to such products, containing natural substances with anti-oxidant properties, and process for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP95/01452 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 17, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 17, 1996 PCT Filed Apr. 18, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/28098 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 26, 1995Smokable products made of tobacco and/or another smokable material, which comprise natural substances having an antioxidative effect and/or naturally identical synthetic products thereof. These natural substances are selected according to the invention from hydroxycinnamic acids and their esters and depsides, plant phenols which can be derived from hydroxycinnamic acids, polymers of hydroxycinnamic alcohols, further natural substances of plant origin which have antimutagenic and aromatizing properties and are combined with vitamins, their precursors and/or derivatives having an antioxidative effect, and further vitamins having an antioxidative effect which are complexed with eukaryotic cell cultures. Processes for the preparation of products of this type are furthermore described. Compared with conventional smokable products, the products have a distinctly decreased risk potential.

Description

The present invention relates to tobacco products or tobacco products Similar goods with known antioxidants acting natural products and / or nature-identical synthetic products provided and intended for smoking, and methods of making these products.

The human organism is a natural basic burden exposed to toxic substances and is therefore with a variety of mutagenic and carcinogenic substances, some of them on your own metabolism be formed by himself.

However, humans have various defense mechanisms at the immunological, cellular and genetic level, e.g. an allergic reaction, cell damage or Counteract mutation event in the field of genetic information. For example, so-called "repair systems" exist in the cells, with the help of genetic changes recognized and can be eliminated.

For a long time it was assumed that between the action any risk factors such as various products incomplete Combustion, various radiations and / or electromagnetic Fields, some plant and wood preservatives, certain mineral fibers (e.g. asbestos) and certain metabolic products from mold (e.g. aflatoxin) to human Organism and the development of cancer a direct causal Connection exists. The fact that the vast number of people who are exposed to these risk factors has the expected symptoms, but has to rethink performed in the risk assessment. So the level of cancer risk no longer solely from the potential pollutant or exposure factor be defined here. Rather, it must be assumed be that they are the result of a multi-factorial Interrelationship between a multitude of acting substances / mechanisms and contaminated organism. Furthermore, is considered assured that multiple mutation events occur at specific locations of the genome are required to get out of a normal body cell a degenerate cell with uncontrolled growth arise can.

The body's defense system is particularly important, which are also influenced individually by the way of life can. For example, the food intake in the body a number of chemical reactions, whereby mutagen and antimutagen acting substances are closely interrelated.

Chemical compounds have now been identified, one have a protective effect against mutagenic substances such as. various vitamins, mustard oils and beta-carotene. Also are naturally occurring in foods vegetable phenols such as Hydroxycinnamic acids and their compounds due to their antioxidant properties as antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic substances of different intensities discussed (Karl Herrmann, "Hydroxycinnamic acid compounds as biologically active ingredients in food ", nutritional survey 38, No. 4, pp. 148-154 (1991)). This knowledge support each other on epidemiological evidence that is an inverse Relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption different types of cancer.

Under the term "tobacco products" used in this description are both cigarettes, cigarillos and tobacco cartridges (so-called plug-in cigarettes) with or without a filter as well Fine cut and pipe tobacco made entirely or in part of tobacco and / or another smokable material, as well as tobacco products Similar tobacco products such as "Kretek" cigarettes with the addition of up to 50% by weight of smokable spices, or to understand pure, tobacco-free plant cigarettes.

It is known that consumers of smokable tobacco products absorb a variety of organic compounds some of which are toxic to humans Show organism, others reduce this can. When discussing the health hazardous Properties of tobacco products have long been special the mutagenic and cancer-promoting effects of some of them through inhalation tobacco ingredients entering the human body been put in the foreground. As already stated, exists between the effects of pollutants and the development of cancer however, no direct causal relationship.

Numerous series of tests have led to the result that the existing in a tobacco product and either in the gas or Particulate phase of the mainstream smoke in the organism of the Consumers do not get substances or compounds directly Ways are able to a normal human cell To transform the organism into a degenerate cell.

Accordingly, it can be established that the detectable in laboratory tests mutagenic effects of mainstream smoke ingredients of tobacco products not directly related to a carcinogen Effect is equated as most in this context substances and groups of substances to be named Potential only through the cell's own metabolism of these compounds unfold. These findings about the mutagenic effect were obtained using the well-known Ames test (D.M. Maron and B.N. Ames, "Revised Methods for the Salmonella Mutagenicity Test ", Handbook of Mutagenicity Test procedures, Elsevier Science Publishers BV, Her.B.J. Kilbey, M. Legator, W. Nichols and C. Ramel, 1984).

To reduce the risk potential of smokable tobacco products So far, different paths have been followed.

On the one hand, new filter systems were created, through which certain Pollutant groups are prevented from entering the mainstream smoke and thus into the respiratory tract of the consumer reach. For example, in DE-PS 35 32 618 Doping the filter of filter cigarettes with, for example, L-ascorbic acid discloses, whereby the lowering of the aldehydes of the Main stream smoke from cigarettes are significantly favored should. From WO 89/01301 it is known to filter filter cigarettes with micro and alcohol containing ethanol and other alcohols Macrocapsules to prepare the lung tissue in front of certain toxic components of cigarette smoke such as in particular Nitrosamines by "blocking" the affected or accessible areas with certain released in the main stream smoke To protect alcohols.

Furthermore, attempts were made to use the tobacco of filter cigarettes impregnate certain substances in order to already determine the content of certain Reduce pollutants in mainstream smoke. That's the way it is known from OE-PS 340 297 and OE-PS 240 298, with tobacco Ascorbic acid or salts thereof to act on the To reduce the nitrogen dioxide content of cigarette smoke. Furthermore, according to EP-PS 0 116 085, a method for impregnation of filter cigarettes with interferon or organic active fragments thereof. Cigarettes treated in this way are said to activate the body's production of interferon and thus support the immune system.

Products manufactured in this way help to reduce the potential risks of smoking, but they also have inherent disadvantages in the system. On the one hand, only certain toxic components are predominantly retained in the gas phase of the cigarette smoke in the unburned section of the cigarette rod (NO ₂ ) or in the filter (aldehydes) by means of chemisorption, while the content of the main stream smoke in other pollutants is not influenced. On the other hand, the creation of a "protective layer ^" within the organism according to WO 89/01301 should in turn only succeed against certain pollutants such as, for example, the nitrosamines. The use of interferon according to EP-PS 0 116 085, however, is associated with considerable costs.

WPI KIKKOMAN CORP describes the use of a tobacco filter, on which ellagic acid is applied in an amount of 1 - 20mg. This is said to stimulate tobacco smoke reduced and mildness added to the tobacco smoke without the Change the taste and smell of the smoke. Has ellagic acid namely a strong blood coagulation activity and an antioxidant Effect; but it is very expensive, which is known to the expert is so that under no circumstances will he think of this in to use such a high concentration in smoking articles.

WPI NAKAJIMA discloses that a cigarette has a substance add to remove the harmful substances from the smoke can. The substance mentioned there is a mixture of different Individual components, to which ascorbic acid and Vanillin belong without knowing more about these individual components Statements would have been made.

The object of the present invention is therefore in Creation of another tobacco product containing additives which further reduces the potential risks of smoking be, as well as in the provision of a method for manufacturing such tobacco products.

(a) antioxidativ wirkenden Vitaminen, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Retinol, α-Tocopherol, ihren Vorstufen und/oder Derivaten, und

(b) weiteren Naturstoffen pflanzlichen Ursprungs mit antimutagenen und aromatisierenden Eigenschaften, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Ethylvanillin, Zimtaldehyd, Anisaldehyd, Eugenol, Limonen, Zimt und Zimtextrakt.

To solve this problem, a smokable product made of tobacco and / or another smokable material is proposed, the tobacco and / or the smokable material containing an addition of natural substances having an antioxidative effect and / or synthesis products which are identical in nature, characterized in that the addition has a combination is over

(a) Vitamins with antioxidant activity, selected from the group consisting of retinol, α-tocopherol, their precursors and / or derivatives, and

(b) further natural substances of plant origin with antimutagenic and flavoring properties, selected from the group consisting of ethyl vanillin, cinnamaldehyde, anisaldehyde, eugenol, limonene, cinnamon and cinnamon extract.

It has surprisingly been found that the inventive smokable product clearly compared to conventional products has reduced risk potential.

The respective molecular weights as well as melting and boiling points of the natural substances according to the invention of groups (a) and (b) listed in Table 1.

In a preferred embodiment, they are antioxidative acting natural products and / or nature-identical synthesis products the same in the tobacco product in combination of one or more antioxidant vitamins and one or more contain other natural products of plant origin, where their relative amounts based on the total weight in Dependency of the intended target component or components of a smokable tobacco product may vary. Basically The natural substances can be found in the smoking tobacco including the common additives as well as in individual the main stream smoke accessible components of tobacco products such as filters, Wrapping papers, substrates, seam glue etc. in a known manner Be incorporated or upgraded in a way that is beneficial to both Manufacturer of the tobacco product as well as proportionately with it Suppliers can happen.

When the pure natural substances are added to tobacco, lies their preferred relative amount in the range of 0.1 per thousand to 25 wt .-%, with a content between 1 and 5 wt .-% particularly is preferred. Are the pure natural substances in the Filter or in the cigarette paper or in the glue of the cigarette seam incorporated, the preferred amounts are 0.1 to 50 wt .-%, with amounts of 1 to 20 wt .-% particularly preferred are. The filter used can be a chamber filter, a Cellulose acetate filter or a cellulose tangled fiber filter or a multiple filter, preferably a double filter (each with or without filter ventilation), the double filter a higher strand-side draw resistance and a lower one mouth-side draw resistance and an overall filter efficiency of 80 - 99%. Filters from other sources can also be used known filter materials in combination with the antioxidative acting natural substances are used.

If the natural substances according to the invention are contained from the outset in non-tobacco-containing, predominantly plant-based, smokable materials that are added to the tobacco, or alternatively the smokable mixture consists exclusively of optionally different, coordinated, non-tobacco-containing, plant-based materials with or without plant-specific, natural substances according to the invention, then also apply the preferred amounts of 0.1 per mille to 25% by weight, based on the pure natural substances, as well as the particularly preferred amounts of use of 1.0 to 5% by weight, the intended use amount in all cases by adding the pure natural substances or the pure substances according to the invention can be added to the smokable mixture. ingredient MG Kp (° C) Mp (° C) Ethyl vanillin 166.2 74-77 Cinnamaldehyde 132.2 253 -7.5 Anisaldehyde 136.2 248 2.5 Eugenol 164.2 253-255 -9 Lime 136.2 176 -97

For example, the substances of the invention Production of a smokable mixture in a manner known per se be added to the leaf cut and / or the rib cut, optionally using known adhesives and binders. Alternatively, the substances can be used in film or Tape tobacco are incorporated, which is particularly the case with offers the use of solid, ground natural products. Here can also use a new type of plant foil that does not contain tobacco be at least partially the natural substances according to the invention in the form of herbal ingredients from parts of the contains vegetable film material. Preferably that is smokable base material a mixture of lamina tobacco or a mixture of lamina tobacco and foil tobacco or a tobacco-free Mixture of plant material, which comes from coltsfoot, Peppermint, nettle, white plantain, spearmint, Lavender, thyme, sweet or sour cherry leaves, knotweed leaves, Derived from rose petals, allspice leaves or cinnamon bark. Alternatively, it is preferred that the smokable material is a Combination of tobacco blend and tobacco-free blend is.

Furthermore, the substances according to the invention can be in liquid form the casing and / or flavorings are added, whereby can even replace them.

The usual filter systems essentially consist of either a filter fiber tow made from cellulose acetate fibers or from each other matted cellulose fibers, which are a cellulose tangled fiber fleece surrender. The filter fiber tow is usually during the manufacture of the cigarette filter with one of the permissible Sprayed harder to cross-link the fibers and thus the filter to harden. These hardeners mostly consist of triacetin or Triethylene glycol diacetate (TEGDA) and can according to the invention for Part or all of the natural substances according to the invention in liquid form, if they dissolve in the hardener or even act as a hardener, such as eugenol. In liquid usable according to the invention as a hardener Natural substances like eugenol, or in common hardeners like TEGDA According to the invention, or triacetin can in turn be other natural substances such as cinnamaldehyde, ethyl vanillin, but also α-tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, Tocopherol succinate, retinol and retinol palmitate be solved so that bi- or ternary or multiple Mixtures of solutions result, which advantageously both as hardeners for cellulose acetate fibers as well as casing materials for smokable mixtures can be used.

Suspensions of solid natural substances can also be used in the hardener, but also scattering of ground natural substances in filter fiber tow from cellulose acetate fibers.

The different solubilities and miscibilities of some Flavorings and vitamins preferred according to the invention in or with the usual hardener substances triacetin and TEGDA as well as the natural usable according to the invention even as a hardening substance Flavoring Eugenol are shown in Table 2. From the Data in Table 2 are in particular the excellent solubilizers Properties of the hardener according to the invention or hardener component of usable eugenols. The However, substance eugenol can also be in the form of a mixture with others in Tables 2 and 3 as hardeners or solvents listed substances are used, the concrete Mixtures and their respective proportions taking into account their properties and their market prices as well as depending of the component or components to be treated of the invention Product can be easily selected. Particularly preferred is a mixture of 80 parts triacetin, 15 parts eugenol and 5 parts of α-tocopherol acetate. The in this ratio mixed substances result in a clear solution from which after abandonment on cellulose acetate fibers preferred triacetin and Diffuse eugenol into the interior of the fibers, creating the α-tocopherol acetate enriched on the surface of the filter fibers , and therefore particularly easy from here as an emitter acting "filter" can be transferred into the main stream smoke can.

If the filter to be used in the process for producing a tobacco product does not consist of cellulose acetate fibers, it and / or the other components of the later product, such as the smokable tobacco-containing or tobacco-free vegetable material, the cigarette paper and the suture to be used, are mixed according to the invention with a solution of the inventive ones Flavorings and vitamins (or provitamins) are treated, whereby individual representatives of these groups of substances can in turn be used as solvents. The respective solubilities and miscibilities of the entire substances in or with some of the natural substances which can also be used as solvents according to the invention are shown in Table 3. Solubility of antioxidant aromas and vitamins A and E in filter hardeners Harder Flavorings Vitamins Cinnamaldehyde Jasmine aldehyde Ethyl vanillin 6-methylcoumarin A A palmitate E E acetate E succinate Triacetin Eugenol 10th

When using the cellulose random fiber fleece, the inventive Substances already on the part of the filter material manufacturer be worked into the fleece. Here you can ultimately the usually bleached cellulose fibers from for example annual plants of the well-known tangled fiber fleece proportionately or predominantly, preferably up to 85% suitable lignin containing sufficient antioxidant activity unbleached wood pulp "fibers" are exchanged. In addition the solid substances according to the invention can, for example, in granular shape with a grain diameter of about 0.8 mm on the part of the filter rod manufacturer introduced into the chambers of chamber filters liquid substances according to the invention, taken up, for example, from wood flour or lignin granules, lignin which is particularly suitable or has a lot of antioxidant activity containing wood particles in fiber-dust or granulate form also solitary as chamber embedding materials or as self-supporting, porous or smoke-permeable press hinge in the desired Filter format can be used. Furthermore, also that which comes into contact with the main stream smoke when smoking Inside of the filter wrapping paper with the inventive Natural substances can be coated.

The cigarette paper can with the natural substances according to the invention in encapsulated or unencapsulated form in a manner known per se Be provided in this way, both single and two-layer Cigarette papers are suitable. In the latter case preferably the inner tobacco rod wrapper, which also mesh-like or highly porous (10 - 20,000 CORESTA) can be provided with the substances according to the invention. This net-like inner tobacco rod wrapping can predominantly or for Entirely made of a suitable antioxidant containing lignin Wood pulp are made, at least partially the fiber content of otherwise customary cigarette papers made from suitable unbleached lignin wood pulp.

Finally, in the area of the cigarette seam Gluing the tobacco rod wrapping used glue the invention Natural substances in liquid or finely ground form include. It has been shown that the technical properties glues treated in this way can even be improved.

According to the basic idea of the invention, when consuming or Smoking the tobacco product according to the main stream smoke with the known antioxidant Enriched with natural substances, which causes the through the main current smoke released antimutagenic substances approximately at the same time as the potential pollutants of the Mainstream smoke to the organism at the place of metabolism are available and thus spontaneously a possible mutagenic Effect of the undesirable critical substances largely compensated becomes. This means that at a comparative small amount of antimutagenic substances the same Effect is created as if afterwards a corresponding larger quantities of these substances are available to the organism would be asked.

An essential prerequisite for practical use the natural substances used according to the invention are more adequate Transition to mainstream smoke. Experimental findings have shown that this requirement of the used Natural products are fulfilled (see Example 4). In addition, has shown that the transition to mainstream smoke from in plant parts incorporated natural substances according to the invention - for example the allspice leaf's own eugenol - still considerable can be favored by treating the appropriate Plant parts according to one of the known expansion or expansion processes, preferably according to the so - called INCOM method of Applicant according to the patents DE-PS 29 03 300, DE-PS 31 19 330 and DE-PS 34 14 625. Here are relevant ingredients of the plant parts "open minded", i.e. they can be easily removed from even just small amounts of mainstream smoke are transferred.

Surprisingly, it has been shown that the mutagenic potential of the tobacco products enriched according to the invention in significant Way could be reduced. To detect this antimutagenic Effect was as a meaningful quick test of the Ames test carried out (op. Cit.).

The test principle essentially consists in the fact that histidine auxotrophic (his ^- ) indicator bacteria of the species Salmonella typhimurium mutate back into their prototrophic form (his ⁺ ) under the influence of mutagenic substances. Carrying out the Ames test, with or without "S 9 activation", allows a statement to be made as to whether a test substance is mutagenic in its original form or only after metabolism.

This test system was used to demonstrate that the solvent trapped particle phase of tobacco smoke only in metabolized The condition is mutagenic (cf. Shigeaki Sato et al., "Mutagenicity of smoke condensates from cigarettes, cigars and pipe tobacco ", Cancer Lett. 3, pp. 1-8, 1977).

It is considered certain that most substances with antimutagenic Effectiveness in the Ames test in the human organism exert a protective effect or to strengthen the body's own Defense system (cf. e.g. B.N. Ames, "Dietary Carcinogens and Anticarcinogens ", SCIENCE, Vol. 221, p. 1256 - 1264, 1983). The possible formation of in the human organism toxic metabolites from smoke ingredients and the targeted reduction of the resulting mutagenic effect by adding antimutagens can be simulated in the Ames test become.

The tobacco product proposed according to the invention points the traditional products have a greatly reduced risk potential on, because the natural substances used their antioxidations Properties on a variety of undesirable substances exercise and exert their effects at the place of metabolism.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples and Figures 1 to 7 explained in more detail.

example 1

To prepare for the Ames test, 20 were specified below Cigarettes under the usual standard conditions (ISO 4387, Train volume 35 ml, train time 2 seconds and train pause 58 seconds) machine-smoked. The so-called particle phase of the main stream smoke (Smoke condensate) was on a Cambridge glass fiber filter depressed, replaced with 20 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide and stored at -20 ° C until use. The unventilated Filter cigarettes (format 100 x 7.9 mm, string 75 mm long, filter 25 mm long) had a strand weight of 945 ± 10 mg (Virginia mixture), the amount of tobacco smoked was 800 mg. That 48 mg heavy cigarette paper had a porosity of 24 coresta, the filter weight was 180 mg rounded, the filter material consisted of commercially available cellulose acetate fibers (3.0 Y / 35000), the hardener was triacetin (approx. 7%).

Example 2

The Ames test was used to determine the mutagenic effect (loc. cit.) in the version "plate incorporation" as below described.

0.1 ml overnight culture of Salmonella typhimurium , strain TA 98, 0.05 ml graduatedly diluted smoke condensate solution according to Example 1 and 0.5 ml S 9 mix (activation system) were added to 2 ml each of soft agar tempered at 43 ° C. consisting of 50 µl by centrifuging liver homogenate Aroclor-pretreated rats with 9,000 g of supernatant obtained; 0.76 mg glucose-6-phosphate; 1.57 mg NADP; 0.81 mg MgCl ₂ .6 H ₂ O; Pipette 1.23 mg KCl in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer. After a short mixing, the test batches in petri dishes were evenly distributed on an agar which only allowed the growth of the his ⁺ back mutants. The petri dishes were subsequently incubated at 37 ° C in the dark for 48 hours. After the incubation period, the colonies formed from individual his ⁺ back-mutated bacteria were counted. The mutation frequency is the measure of the mutagenic activity.

It can be seen from the results shown in Table 4 below that the substances contained in the smoke condensate only develop their mutagenic effect after they have been metabolized. Counted TA 98 colonies depending on the amount of condensate used
(Mean values from triplicate determinations) Amount of smoke condensate (µ.g per plate) S9 activation counted colonies Induced colonies 0 without 41 - 120 without 43 2nd 240 without 40 -1 360 without 35 -6 0 With 50 - 120 With 216 166 240 With 441 391 360 With 581 531

Example 3

The evaluation of substances according to the invention with regard to Their antimutagenic effects were the same as in Example 2 described Teatsystem by the test approaches with the different Condensate quantities now additionally graduated doses of the substances in question were added. It was ensured that in a nontoxic to the bacteria Concentration range was worked.

The results of FIGS some of the substances according to the invention with antimutagenic activity shown on smoke condensate.

The results show that those contained in the smoke condensate Pollutants caused frequency of mutations and thus the risk potential from the added natural substances is decisive could be reduced.

Example 4 (only for technical information)

The natural substances to be added differ considerably in terms of their melting and boiling points (see Table 1). In order to prove that substances added to tobacco can also be found in the Pass tobacco smoke that cannot be distilled became the following Test carried out:

Scopoletin (7-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin) with a melting point of 205 ° C, without boiling point, is a natural plant ingredient in Virginia tobacco in a concentration of about Contain 300 ppm. To prevent the addition of scopoletin to to detect the mainstream smoke, three versions of Trial cigarettes based on the same lot of cigarettes as prepared in Example 1. The was in a known manner Tobacco from 60 filter cigarettes according to Example 1 using these Blown out compressed air, collected, divided into thirds, two thirds advanced with the natural product (comparison only with ethanol) and in 60 equal parts the blown out, in three lots divided 3 x 20 filter sleeves using a commercially available Tobacco tamping machine for filter cigarette tubes added again, however, the strand weight of the so manufactured Filter cigarettes slightly reduced. The concentration to scopoletin of tobacco by spraying on an ethanolic Solution of Scopoletin on the original cigarette tobacco Increased 330 ppm to 630 ppm and 5.330 ppm. The manufactured Cigarettes were smoked as described in Example 1, whereby the collected smoke condensate is dissolved in methanol has been. The filter sleeve design data corresponded to that of the example 1, the strand weight decreased to 930 ± 20 mg, the amount of tobacco smoked was 785 mg.

The analytical determination of the scopoletin was carried out by means of HPLC under the following conditions: Pillar: Li Chro CART superspher RP 8, 250-4 (Merck) Superplasticizer: Water / methanol / acetic acid -85/13/2 Flow rate: 1.2 ml / min Operation isocratic at 45 ° C detector at 340 nm injection volume: 10 µl sample

The test results obtained are summarized in Table 5 below. Transition from scopoletin to main atom smoke Cigarette version Scopoletin Concentration in tobacco (ppm) Quantity in smoked tobacco (µg) Amount found in mainstream smoke (µg) Share of the amount of tobacco smoked (%) comparison 330 259.1 28.2 10.9 Test mix 1 630 494.6 47.6 9.6 Trial mix 2 5,330 4,184.1 331.1 6.2 Smoked amount of tobacco: 785 mg per cigarette

The experiments with scopoletin, as a representative of the non-volatile antimutagenic substances, show that the exposure of the tobacco with 300 or 5,000 ppm to a mass transfer of 9.6 resp. 6.2% in the main electricity smoke.

Example 5

The results of the experiment described below show that the antioxidative substances that pass into the smoke from blends of cut tobacco with cloves respectively. Cinnamon sticks, and the application of pure eugenol, the mutagenic Reduce the effect of smoke condensate.

Five versions of filter cigarettes, which differed in the composition of the final mixture according to Table 6 with the same tobacco base mixture, were produced with the same equipment and the same cigarette weight (940 mg). The cloves or cinnamon sticks used were dampened with steam, rolled and cut before they were mixed with tobacco. The eugenol was applied in 20% ethanol solution, the alcohol evaporating quantitatively after the treatment. Cut tobacco with additions of cloves, cinnamon sticks and eugenol mixture Composition of the cut tobacco mixture Tobacco (% tr.) Cloves (% Tr.) Cinnamon sticks (% Tr.) added pure eugenol (% Tr.) 1 70 30th --- --- 2nd 70 --- 30th --- 3rd 70 15 15 --- 4th 94.9 --- --- 5.1 5 100 --- --- ---

The experimental cigarettes were smoked under standard conditions (see example 1). The resulting smoke condensate solutions were examined with the Ames test according to Example 2, and in the embodiment "with S9 activation". For evaluation equal amounts of smoke condensate were used for the mutagenicity and the results based on the untreated comparison = 100%.

The test results are shown graphically in FIG. The mutagenicity of the smoke condensate of mixture 1 was increased 55.5% of the effect of the comparison diminished, which corresponds to the explain the amount of eugenol contained in the cloves. The used Carnations had an eugenic content of 17.0%. In contrast this can be accompanied by the surprising reduction in mutagenicity of the smoke condensate of mixture 2 to 65.3% not alone with the amounts of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol contained.

Claims (19)

1. A smokable product made from tobacco and/or another smokable material, the tobacco and/or the smokable material containing an addition of natural substances with an antioxidant action and/or synthetic products thereof with an identical nature, characterised in that the addition is a combination of

   (a) vitamins having an antioxidant action, selected from the group consisting of retinol, α-tocopherol, their precursors and/or derivatives, and

   (b) other natural substances of plant origin having anti-mutagenic and aromatising properties, selected from the group consisting of ethyl vanillin, cinnamon aldehyde, aniseed aldehyde, eugenol, limonene, cinnamon and cinnamon extract.
2. A smokable product according to Claim 1,
   characterised in that it contains up to 25 % by weight of the natural substances with an antioxidant action and/or synthetic products with an identical nature.
3. A smokable product according to Claim 2,
   characterised in that it contains 1 to 5 % by weight of the natural substances having an antioxidant action and/or synthetic products with an identical nature.
4. A smokable product according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that it is a cigarette with or without a filter.
5. A smokable product according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that it is a cigarillo with or without a filter.
6. A smokable product according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that it is a tobacco cartridge with or without a filter.
7. A smokable product according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that it is smoking tobacco in the form of fine cut or pipe tobacco.
8. A smokable product according to one of Claims 4 to 6,
   characterised in that the filter contains up to 50 % by weight of the natural substances having an antioxidant action and/or synthetic products with an identical nature according to Claim 1.
9. A smokable product according to Claim 8,
   characterised in that the filter contains 1 to 20 % by weight of the natural substances having an antioxidant action and/or synthetic products with an identical nature according to Claim 1.
10. A smokable product according to Claim 4,
    characterised in that the cigarette paper contains up to 50 % by weight of the natural substances having an antioxidant action and/or synthetic products with an identical nature according to Claim 1.
11. A smokable product according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterised in that the smokable base material are mixtures of leaf tobaccos or leaf tobacco and foil tobacco.
12. A smokable product according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterised in that the smokable material contains up to 25 % by weight of the natural substances having an antioxidant action and/or synthetic products with an identical nature according to Claim 1.
13. A smokable product according to one of the preceding Claims,
    characterised in that the smokable material is a tobacco-free mixture of plant material, which is derived from coltsfoot, peppermint, stinging nettle, broad-leaved plantain, spearmint, lavender, thyme, sweet or sour cherry leaves, knotweed leaves, rose leaves, pimento leaves or cinnamon bark.
14. A smokable product according to Claim 13,
    characterised in that the smokable material is derived from cinnamon bark.
15. A smokable product according to Claims 11 to 14,
    characterised in that the smokable material is a combination of tobacco mixture and tobacco-free mixture.
16. A process for the manufacture of a smokable product according to Claims 1 to 15 in a manner known per se, in which the natural substances having an antioxidant action and/or their synthetic products with an identical nature are incorporated or revived into the tobacco and/or another smokable material in a manner known per se.
17. A process according to Claim 16,
    characterised in that the smokable material comprises a tobacco-free mixture consisting of plant material, wrappers, supporting materials, seam adhesive and the like.
18. A process according to Claims 16 and 17,
    characterised in that the smokable product is a cigarette, a cigarillo or a tobacco cartridge with filter, in the filter of which up to 50 % by weight of the natural substances having an antioxidant action and/or synthetic products with an identical nature according to Claim 1 are incorporated or revived.
19. A process according to Claim 18,
    characterised in that the substances usually used as hardeners for the cellulose acetate fibres forming the subsequent filter are particularly or completely replaced by the natural substances having an antioxidant action according to Claim 1 and/or their synthetic products with an identical nature.

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