DE2738930A1 - SMOKING OBJECT - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to smoking articles, e.g., cigarettes, cigarillos and cigars, which contain smoking material, e.g. contain tobacco, recycled tobacco leaves or synthetic smoking material.

It is known that the actual density of cigarette, Cigarillo and cigar filler materials can be reduced, so that when used instead of untreated PUllstoffmateriales the packing density in these Smoking articles can be substantially reduced while maintaining adequate strength.

There is a high degree of correlation between the tar and nicotine yield of today's cigarettes, so that a low tar yield is generally a low one Nicotine yield means. As a result, if a smoker is of a high or medium grade Tar content changes to a variety with a low tar content,

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Account: Bayerische Vereinebank (BLZ 75020073) 5804248 Postscheckkonto Munich 89389-801

Place of jurisdiction is Regensburg

the nicotine yield is no longer sufficient. Therefore, cigarettes are desired which have a reduced tar yield but which, however, exceed the nicotine yield maintain a minimum value.

It is known that increasing the nicotine content of tobacco waste in a cigarette leads to a decrease the tar-nicotine ratio of smoke. However, the nicotine content of normal tobacco fillers cannot can be increased to very high values, because even after filtering or diluting the mainstream smoke to achieve useful nicotine yields, the nicotine yield of the Sidestream smoke is at an unacceptably high level. "Mainstream smoke" is understood to mean smoke coming from the smoker is drawn into his mouth by the cigarette; by "sidestream smoke" is meant the smoke emitted by the cigarette wanders into the surrounding air.

For a cigarette that contains filler of reduced actual density (e.g. expanded tobacco filler) the lower weight of filler consumed while smoking results in a lower yield of Nicotine in both mainstream and sidestream smoke. Expanded tobacco filler can therefore have a higher Nicotine content can be provided than would be acceptable with normal, unexpanded tobacco filler, whereby the tar-nicotine ratio can be reduced further than this seemed possible so far.

A disadvantage of using such filler materials of lower density and higher filling capacity, e.g. Smoking the item required is reduced. The main result is the reduction in the number of Draws from the decrease in the weight of the filler, but there is a slight increase in the burning rate when the density of the filler is decreased, so that the number of trains is further reduced.

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However, a reduction in the number of trains is imminent generally unacceptable for the smoker.

The object of the invention is to reduce the number of puffs caused by the use of filler materials lower density and higher Püllwert is conditioned to reduce and in some cases to eliminate, so that the production of perfect cigarettes with a lower tar yield, but a higher nicotine yield compared to previously possible.

It has been found that the use of a layer of expanded cut tobacco in a tobacco blend resulted in a reduction in the carbon monoxide yield in the smoke. However, as mentioned above, it reduces the usage of expanded tobacco in a cigarette reduces the number of puffs to an unusable level.

It is also an object of the invention to provide an apparatus for reducing the carbon monoxide yield of smoke create when expanded tobacco is used, but with the number of puffs of the cigarette that the expanding

th tobacco is reduced.

It is possible to increase the number of puffs on a cigarette through a variety of measures:

The dimensions of the cigarette can be changed; this is of no interest because one is in the dimensions modified cigarette would be rejected by smokers.

Tobacco of the same kind but from a different source can also be used; this can be too a change in taste that the smoker does not is accepted.

Furthermore, a different type of tobacco can be used. This possibility cannot be used because

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Such a tobacco is difficult to obtain or only with great financial expense and undesirable May have taste or other properties.

A coarser paser width can also be used However, any further change compared to previous practice can cause problems with regard to the ultimate stability entail.

The moisture content of the tobacco can be increased, but this has an adverse effect on the shelf life of tobacco by drying the tobacco to its normal value, thereby increasing the number of Trains is eliminated. Furthermore, impermissibly high moisture values result in unusable changes in taste or shapes.

Additives can be added to tobacco. However, there are technical difficulties with this possibility is also costly and can be contrary to customs regulations. Further, the increase in the number is enough Pulls are not designed to compensate for the decrease in the number of pulls that are decreased by a filler actual density is caused.

With the present invention it has been found that the decrease in the number of tongues is complete or at least can be partially compensated by a method inherent in the methods discussed above Does not have any disadvantages.

According to the invention, in a tobacco or the like. Smoking article, e.g. a cigarette, a cigar or a cigarillo, in which at least part of the filling material Has a lower density and a higher filling value, thereby reducing the number of puffs that are required are compared to the object to smoke

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to a similar object is achieved with a filler material of higher density and lower precipitation value, suggested that provisions for the introduction of ambient air into the smoke stream and / or into the mouth of the Smoker while smoking is provided to increase the number of tens that are required to smoke the object, and thus the puff-reducing effect of the filler material counteract lower density.

The device for introducing ambient air can be in the form of perforations and / or an area higher Porosity in the coating of the cigarette, cigar or of the cigarillos or a ventilated filter plug.

In this way it is possible by venting cigarettes, cigarillos or cigars, the materials Lower density and higher fill values contain the reduction in the number of puffs made by the one. In conclusion, these materials occur to fully or partially compensate.

The lower density filler may represent all or part of the total filler. He can only refer to one component of the filler material, e.g. tobacco stalks, strips of threshed Layer (threshed lamina strips), cut layer, waste or short pieces.

The low density of the filler material can be achieved by any puffing technique, so that the The bulk volume of the material is increased. Known techniques include impregnating the material with specific ones Liquids, solutions or gases and their subsequent treatment, which is a treatment with heat or microwave energy includes, alone or in conjunction with the

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Applying changes in air pressure, causing expansion of the material is achieved.

Impregnation of the material with specific liquids is described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 3,524,451 and 3,524,452.

A special technique of producing a low-density filler material from the natural product is freeze drying. With a cut tobacco layer, improvements in filial assets of 46 - 63% are possible has been achieved, and comparable improvements have been made with this technique on air duct dried, cut, rolled tobacco stalks. Improvements are made with cigar fillers including simple-goodies (single grades) and mixtures of threshed layers (threshed lamina) have been achieved.

reducing the number of puffs resulting from the use of low density filler materials revealed, four standard Class B cigarettes of 71 inches in length were produced using a conventional, im Made of air duct dried cigarette tobacco filler, but with increased percentages of freeze-dried cut tobacco layer mixed with it with a filling capacity improvement of 48/49%. One Standard Class B cigarette is defined as a cigarette with a length of 71 mm and a circumference of 25 mm. the Cigarettes were weighed and puffed on a Cigarette Components Limited "Filtrona 300 I" 20 channel limited smoking machine at a speed of 2 seconds 35 ml per minute on every Kanay ^^ ifBgSftnzt "means that During the smoke test, the unlit ends of the cigarettes between puffs did not release the atmosphere are exposed. Further details of the technique of smoking cigarettes on a smoking machine can be found from Research Paper 11 (2nd edition) "Standard methods for the analysis of tobacco smoke" published by

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if

Tobacco Research Council, London 1974.

The number of puffs required to smoke any cigarette except for a standard length stub are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Freeze-dried, medium cigarette puffs / cigarette cut layer weight (mg) in the mixture (%)

O 819 11.0

20,702 9.4

50 600 8.2

100 485 6.3

This means that compared to 11 puffs per cigarette with a normal filler, only 6.3 puffs with a filler were required, which was made entirely of material of lower density and higher fill value.

The ventilation of cigarettes can be achieved by using high porosity papers or by paper that is arbitrary or is perforated in certain patterns, or by using perforated or permeable tip materials and filter components are used, with ambient air in the smoke stream and / or in the mouth of the smoker is introduced.

The use of cover materials of high porosity can Increase the burning speed with free access to air through the cover during the glowing phases of smoking, i.e. in the time when not on the cigarette is pulled is possible.

These materials are therefore to solve the invention Task less suitable, but are also

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-P- 9

important because it perforates with an even higher porosity can be.

The venting of the covering materials by perforation can take place before or after the manufacture of the smoking article be achieved. Cigarette papers are ventilated before the cigarettes are made, while cigars are ventilated after they have been applied of the binder and cover sheet are perforated.

To show the increase in the number of Zagen going through Using * on perforated cigarette paper, four class B cigarettes were made with a length of 71mm using the same paper and traditional air-duct dried tobacco filler and the paper cover sheets were perforated to varying degrees to allow for a change in the To achieve ventilation. The cigarettes were smoked on the smoking machine described above and the Number of cigarettes that result in smoking each cigarette was recorded. The results are given in Table 2 below.

Table 2

Paper permeability - number of puffs Percentage increase in mls / rain / cm2 / puffs over the number of puffs

w.g. steering

0.9 10.2

6.7 10.9 7

17.7 11.6 14

22.9 11.9 17

IAa to show the increase in the number of moves going through When use of ventilated filters on cigarettes occurred, four filter class B cigarettes were made with a length of 84 mm, which contained a typical tobacco mixture dried in the air duct. Every cigarette pointed an acetate plug with Maulacene No. 3 plug wrapper on. The cigarettes were attached to the filter plugs in

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perforated to different dimensions so that a change in the air dilution at the filter was achieved, and the cigarettes were smoked on the above-described smoking machine to determine the number of puffs required for smoking of cigarettes were required. The results are summarized in Table 3.

Tabel 3 ; & - ual increase in
Number of characters
via control % -ual peak-
dilution number of Show - O 11.1 9 37 12.1 15th 50 12.8 19th 62 13.2

To show the increase in the number of puffs caused by the perforation of the cigar binder and cigar wrapper after being applied to the cigar, four test cigars of three sizes were used by hand perforated by needle blocks with a needle diameter of 0.25 ram in order to obtain a large number of perforations, which reached from zero perforations (control) up to 40 perforations. The cigars were on the above Smoking machine smoked to determine the number of times it takes to smoke each cigar was. The results are summarized in Table 4.

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Tabel Very small cigar Small cigar Big cigar

Number of % increases Number of% increases Number of% increases
Trains via control Trains via control Trains via control

0 holes
(Steering) 10.3 - 23.5 - 6 holes 10.9 6th 24.9 6th 20 holes 11.6 13th 27.4 17th 40 holes 12.6 22nd 29.3 25th

39.1

39.1 O 42.4 8th 42.9 10

U) OO CO CO

From Table 1 it can be seen that increasing amounts of lower density, higher pill value filler, reduce the number of puffs that are required, to smoke the cigarettes while increasing the permeability of cigarette paper (Table 2) or the Increasing the ventilation of a cigarette filter (Table 3) or enlarging or increasing the number of perforations of the cigar top sheet (Table 4) has the effect of increasing the number of tongues that are consumed of the item are required.

To show how ventilation can be used to completely or partially reduce the number of gigs required for smoking cigarettes which have low density expanded filler, a number of king-size cigarettes (84 mm in length and 25 mm in circumference) with various ventilation values and various proportions of expanded, air duct dried tobacco filler - expanded through the Volatilization of an impregnated liquid - prepared, weighed and smoked on the smoke machine described above. The number of puffs it takes to smoke the cigarette up to a standard length cigarette butt1 is shown in Table 5.

Table 5

Expanded ge + cigarette average number of puffs

sectional ventilation garette

Shift in weight (mg)
mixture

OV _o 1148 12.8

^{5 V} o 1109 ¹² ' ²

V ₁ 13.3

IO V _Q 12.3

V ₂ 1096 14.1

V ₃ 14.6

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2O ^v o
^V 4 1. mn 1046 ml Main power-
air- 11.5
15.7 total 100 ^V 0 8th, 1 thinning
% of 35 ml
train 8.5 Main power-
air out ^V l
^V 2 19 8th 782 1 9.2
10.1 thinning
% of 35 ml
train ^V 3 1. 0 1 10.4 6th 8th, 1 1 30th 8th 37 44 37 42 66 Cigarette paper Cigarette filters Air permeability Main power-
air- ml / min / cm / c thinning
% of 35
train ^{+ v} o 5 ^v l 29 ^V 2 43 V ₃ 5 V. 29

Of 12.8 puffs per cigarette with normal (unexpanded) tobacco filler and ventilation V _Q , only 8.5 puffs were required to smoke the cigarette that contained a filler that was entirely expanded tobacco and had ventilation V _Q. For blends that have only partially expanded tobacco, the reduction in the number of puffs is proportionally less.

If the ventilation of the cigarette paper and the filter (V 1 to V ₄ ) is changed, this decrease in the number of puffs can be fully or at least partially compensated for.

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In order to show how the combination of expanded tobacco with high nicotine content and ventilated cigarette paper keeps the number of puffs of the cigarette at an acceptable value, but reduces the tar / nicotine content, cigarettes of the class B with different Yentilation values were made, the different proportions of expanded , contained tobacco dried in the air duct; these cigarettes were smoked on the aforementioned smoking machine to a standard length stub, and the puff was ^{analyzed for particulate matter (PM, ie, M} tar ") and nicotine. The results are shown in Table 6.

Another ventilation that provides more complete compensation the number of puffs of the cigarette and a lower tar yield is of course possible. In this way it can be achieved that by combining high nicotine expanded tobacco filler with ventilated cigarette covers or filters, low tar cigarettes and a higher than previously achievable nicotine yield can be obtained without the disadvantages of ventilated cigarettes, the contain normal high nicotine tobacco, or from non-ventilated cigarettes that contain expanded tobacco in Purchase must be made.

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Tafrella

Expanded cut Layer in Mixture (%)

O 20th 50 100

«• Cigarette ventilation

Vo ^V 2

Medium cigarette dish (ag)

1148

1046

922

782

Iulletoffnicotine content (%)

2.47 2.73 3.25 4.03

Trains

12.4

12.9

11.6 10.1

belly

der PW (wni) Mikotin- PW (met) Yield Yield Nicotine (■ g / ctte) (ng / ctte) ratio

11.0 9.2 8.6 7.9

19.0 1.72 15.0 1.62 14.6 1.71 14.5 1.82

Cigarette paper

Air permeability ml / «in / approx VCmH ₂ O

• 7 _o 1.1

V ₂ 19-0

"wnf" means "water and sicotine three"

Hauptstrov-LuftverdS] % of 35 al draft

5 43

CO QO CO

Another advantage of the coordination of expanded Tobacco and ventilated cigarette paper consists in further reducing the carbon monoxide content in the smoke can be more than possible with ventilated cigarettes that contain normal tobacco, or with non-ventilated cigarettes Cigarettes containing expanded tobacco. To show this, king-size cigarettes were made, which various Contained proportions of expanded cut layer in the filler and various degrees of ventilation. Except for a stub length of standard length, these cigarettes were in an eight-channel cigarette components Limited machine "Piltrona 301" smoked, and the carbon monoxide content of smoke measured. The results are shown in Table 7.

Table 7

Expanded + cigarette average number

cut ventilation cigarette- from TO-

Layer in weight (mg) by mixture (%)

1148

12.4
14.6

Carbon monoxide in smoke (mg / ctte.)

19.4 14.9

20th ^v o 1046 11.8 17.4 ^V 2 12.9 12.9 100 ^V 0 782 8.4 11.9 ^V 2 1O, 1 ΐο, ο

Cigarette paper

Lu

1.1 19.0

llitlt

auptatromluft dilution of 35 ml train

5
43

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From the data according to Table 7 it follows that a considerable reduction in the carbon monoxide content without substantial change in the number of moves can be achieved.

Although the invention has been explained in connection with cigarettes and cigars, it can be applied to cigarillos and other similar smoking articles can be readily applied.

When ventilating cigarettes, cigars or cigarillos to increase the ambient air in the smoke stream or for the Reaching the smoker's mouth, it is possible to fully or partially compensate for the reduction in the number of puffs required to smoke the smoking article, the carbon monoxide content to reduce in smoke and create a smoking article that uses expanded tobacco and a low tar / nicotine ratio without reducing the number of trains.

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Claims (6)

Claims Tobacco or similar smoking article, e.g. cigarette, cigar or cigarillo, in which at least part of the filling material has a lower density and higher filling value, whereby a Reducing the number of puffs required to smoke the item compared to a similar one Object is achieved with a filling material of higher density and lower filling value, characterized by a device for introducing ambient air into the smoke stream and / or into the smoker's dog while smoking to increase the number of puffs required to smoke the article and thereby counteract the puff-reducing effect of the lower density filler material. 2. smoking article according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for introducing ambient air has perforations and / or an area of high porosity in the coating of the smoking article. 3. smoking article according to claim 1, in connection with a filter plug, characterized in that the device for Introducing ambient air has perforations in the filter plug ο 4. Smoking article according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the lower density filler is a part of the entire filler. 5. Smoking article according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the lower density filler only applies to one component of the filler material, e.g. tobacco stalks, shredded laminate strips, cut lamina, waste or short pieces. 6. smoking article according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the filler is low density expanded tobacco. • 09809/1067 ORIGINAL INSPECTED