EP0750161B1 - Method and plant for production and combustion of a combustible product - Google Patents
Method and plant for production and combustion of a combustible product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0750161B1 EP0750161B1 EP96109716A EP96109716A EP0750161B1 EP 0750161 B1 EP0750161 B1 EP 0750161B1 EP 96109716 A EP96109716 A EP 96109716A EP 96109716 A EP96109716 A EP 96109716A EP 0750161 B1 EP0750161 B1 EP 0750161B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- zone
- plant
- combustible
- infeed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
- F23G2201/302—Treating pyrosolids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G2205/12—Waste feed arrangements using conveyors
- F23G2205/121—Screw conveyor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G2205/18—Waste feed arrangements using airlock systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and plant of the kind set forth in claims 1 and 6 respectively.
- combustible organic material such as e.g. bio-mass comprising i.a. straw, hay, grass and wood
- combustion systems such as e.g. plants with combustion grates, fluid-bed plants or plants with cyclone combustion.
- individually adapted systems like powder-fired plants or systems for the combustion of whole bales of straw are used.
- plants with combustion grates are limited by the fact that in high-capacity plants, it is difficult to adapt the size of the grates to the requisite boiler equipment, also because it is difficult to control an even layer of fuel and a good distribution of air, this being a necessary prerequisite for achieving good combustion. For this reason, plants comprising combustion grates are normally limited to a maximum fuel input corresponding to approximately 200 MW.
- Fluid-bed plants can be used for types of fuel having a low reactivity, i.e. slow-burning fuels, and also for greater inputs of fuel, but with types of fuel with a high reactivity, i.e. fast-burning fuels like e.g. straw and other annual crops, it is necessary to use a supplementary fuel like e.g. coal for stabilizing the process of combustion.
- a supplementary fuel like e.g. coal for stabilizing the process of combustion.
- Plants with cyclone combustion are used in those cases, in which a high turnover rate is desired in combination with small physical dimensions.
- the disadvantage with these plants is that cyclone combustion produces high combustion temperatures, and for the majority of organic material types this means that the slag is produced in liquid form. This causes the fertilizer value of the slag to be "encapsulated", for which reason it can no longer be utilized. This means that the slag product will have to be deposited, this being undesired, partly because of the increased costs, partly because the fertilizer value is lost as just mentioned.
- Powder combustion is especially known from its use in large coal-fired power-station boilers, as coal can be ground into powder with few problems beyond those caused by the formation of dust.
- the use of organic materials as fuels is problematic, since the comminution of bio-mass crops is difficult and requires great amounts of energy, because these crops contain tough material or material comprising long fibres.
- the water content in this type of crops is usually high, for which reason it is necessary to subject the material to a drying process before comminuting it.
- Combustion plants for burning whole bales of straw are known in a number of types, in some plants, whole bales of straw are burned "in one go", whilst in other plants, the bale of straw burns from one end and is gradually pushed forward during the combustion process.
- problems can arise with regard to maintaining the continuous and uniform combustion process, because it is difficult to provide bales of straw that are uniform and homogeneous with regard to the calorific value.
- combustion plants referred to above it is a common feature for the combustion plants referred to above that they all use air for combustion that is cold or preheated to a maximum of 350°C. In the mechanical plants, this is due to the necessity of cooling the structural parts of the plants, while in the fluid-bed plants it is primarily a question of maintaining the combustion temperature sufficiently low to avoid sand and ash with low melting points coalescing or fusing.
- the invention also relates to a plant for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- This plant is of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 6, and according to the invention, it also exhibits the features set forth in the characterizing clause of this claim 6.
- the plant for conversion and combustion of the combustible organic material comprises various zones placed immediately in sequence in the direction of advancement of the material, and the plant comprises mainly an infeed zone I, a reaction zone II and a combustion zone III.
- the combustion device may e.g. be connected to a conventional boiler plant so as to replace or supplement the conventional furnace equipment.
- the infeed zone I comprises an infeed system 1 adapted to convey the combustible organic material continuously to the reaction zone II.
- the infeed system as such may e.g. consist of one or a number of worms or hydraulic systems with reciprocating pistons.
- the infeed system as such may e.g. consist of one or a number of worms or hydraulic systems with reciprocating pistons.
- the material is advanced by the infeed system 1 via an infeed channel 2 that may have various cross-sectional shapes.
- An adjustable obstruction 3 is placed in the infeed channel 2 so as to make it possible to achieve a suitable compacting and partial retaining of the material having been introduced, thus making it possible to establish and maintain a counter-pressure making the material sufficiently impervious to prevent gas and product of combustion from penetrating back into the infeed system 1.
- the reaction zone II may be constructed with a reaction chamber 4 consisting of an inner part with through openings 8, preferably in the form of small air nozzles, i.e. having a small cross-sectional area.
- the through openings 8 are connected to supply ducts 7, e.g. via an air-distribution jacket 9, and accordingly, the gaseous reaction medium enters the reaction chamber 4 via the supply duct 7, the air-distribution jacket 9 and the through openings 8.
- the supply of reaction medium may be achieved by using commonly known air supply devices, for which reason these devices will not be described here.
- the reaction chamber 4 consists of an outer part, e.g. comprising an insulating layer 6.
- the reaction chamber 4 may have any imaginable cross-sectional shape, such as square or oval, but it is preferred that the reaction chamber 4 is a substantially cylindrical device with a length/diameter ratio of at least 1, preferably at least 3-4, to provide sufficient space for an optimum number of through openings 8 for the gaseous reaction mediums.
- the gaseous reaction medium being used may e.g. comprise atmospheric air, oxygen, flue gases as well as mixtures thereof, and that the medium must be preheated to a temperature of more than 500°C, preferably between 650 and 900°C. And at the same time - in order to provide a composite product with maximum reactivity - the gaseous reaction medium contains oxygen in a proportion corresponding to a maximum of 25% of the stoichiometric quantity used in connection with a complete combustion, preferably in a proportion of between 15 and 25%.
- the gaseous reaction medium is supplied to the inside of the reaction chamber through the highest possible number of openings.
- the gaseous reaction medium is supplied to the inside of the reaction chamber through the highest possible number of openings.
- the converted combustible composite product contains approximately 50% gas and tar as well as approximately 50% powder-like charcoal when leaving the reaction zone II and entering the combustion zone III.
- the conversion per se is achieved without the use of mechanical means.
- the internal temperature of the product lies above the ignition temperature of the product, but it is sufficiently low to avoid the formation of molten slag, and the combustible composite product being formed enters the combustion zone, in which the air for combustion is supplied in a controlled manner in order to avoid high combustion temperatures and to prevent or minimize the formation of nitrogen oxides (NO x ).
- the combustion zone III comprises an air processor 5 through which the necessary air for combustion may be supplied.
- the air processor 5 must be of a type that is able to supply the air for combustion in steps, so as to prevent or minimize the formation of nitrogen oxides.
- combustion zone III it constitutes a final part of the reaction zone II, but it might just as well be an independent unit downstream of the reaction zone II.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- I
- infeed zone
- II
- reaction zone
- III
- combustion zone
- 1
- infeed system
- 2
- infeed channel
- 3
- adjustable obstruction
- 4
- reaction chamber
- 5
- air processor
- 6
- insulating layer
- 7
- supply ducts
- 8
- through openings
- 9
- air-distribution jacket
Claims (9)
- Method for the production and combustion of a combustible product being converted from a combustible organic material in a plant comprising an infeed zone (I), a reaction zone (II) and a combustion zone (III), said plant being capable e.g. of being connected to a conventional boiler plant, whereina) the combustible organic material is advanced continuously through the infeed zone (I) and fed into the reaction zone (II), in which, in a reaction chamber (4) adapted for the purpose, it is converted using a gaseous reaction medium which is supplied in a controlled condition with regard to quantity, speed and temperature, to a composite combustible product comprising pyrolysis gas, tar and powder-like charcoal and having an internal temperature above the ignition temperature of the product, without molten slag being formed,b) the combustible product formed is made to enter the combustion zone (III), in which the air for combustion is supplied in a manner which avoids high combustion temperatures in order to prevent or minimize the formation of nitrogen oxides,c) that the gaseous reaction medium is supplied to the reaction chamber (4) via a large number of through openings (8) in an inner part of the reaction chamber to achieve that the medium is distributed as evenly as possible,d) that the gaseous reaction medium being used contains a small quantity of oxygen, in a proportion corresponding to a maximum of 25% of the stoichiometric proportion used in connection with a complete combustion, ande) that the gaseous medium being used is preheated to a high temperature, of more than 500°C.
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the converted combustible composite product contains approximately 50% gas, especially pyrolysis gas, and tar as well as approx. 50% powder-like charcoal, and that the conversion takes place without the use of mechanical means.
- Method according to claims 1-2, characterized in that the gaseous reaction medium being used may e.g. comprise atmospheric air, oxygen, flue gases as well as mixtures thereof.
- Method according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the gaseous reaction media being used contain oxygen in a proportion corresponding to between 15 and 25% of the stoichiometric proportion used in connection with a complete combustion.
- Method according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the gaseous reaction medium being used is preheated to a temperature of between 650 and 900°C.
- Plant for use in the production and combustion of a combustible composite product being converted from a combustible organic material in a combustion device comprising an infeed zone (I), a reaction zone (II) and a combustion zone (III), said plant e.g. being capable of being connected to a conventional boiler plant, and in which the various zones are placed in immediate succession in the direction of advancement of the material, wherein the infeed zone (I) comprises an infeed system (1) adapted to convey the material continuously to the reaction zone (II) via an infeed channel (2), characterized ina) that the reaction zone (II) comprises a reaction chamber (4) comprising an inner part with a large number of through openings (8), the latter being connected to supply ducts (7) for the gaseous reaction medium, e.g. via an air distribution jacket (9) such that the reaction medium is distributed as evenly as possible, and an inner part e.g. containing an insulating layer (6),b) that the reaction chamber (4) is a substantially cylindrical device with a length/diameter ratio of at least 1, preferably at least 3-4, so as to accomodate an optimum number of through openings (8) for the gaseous reaction medium, andc) that the combustion zone (III) comprises an air processor (5) through which the necessary air for combustion is supplied, in a manner to prevent or minimize the formation of nitrogen oxides.
- Plant according to claim 6, characterized in that the air processor (5) is adapted to supply the air for combustion in steps, so as to prevent or minimize the formation of nitrogen oxides.
- Plant according to claims 6-7, characterized by an adjustable obstruction (3) being placed in the infeed channel (2) making it possible to make the material more compact and hence maintain a counter-pressure making the material more dense and preventing gas and products of combustion to penetrate back into the infeed system (1).
- Plant according to claims 6-8, characterized in that the combustion zone (III) constitutes a final part of the reaction zone (II).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK70895 | 1995-06-21 | ||
DK708/95 | 1995-06-21 | ||
DK070895A DK172334B1 (en) | 1995-06-21 | 1995-06-21 | Process and aggregate for use in the manufacture and combustion of a combustible mixture product |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0750161A1 EP0750161A1 (en) | 1996-12-27 |
EP0750161B1 true EP0750161B1 (en) | 1998-09-02 |
Family
ID=8096630
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96109716A Expired - Lifetime EP0750161B1 (en) | 1995-06-21 | 1996-06-18 | Method and plant for production and combustion of a combustible product |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0750161B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE170610T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69600585T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK172334B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105757682B (en) * | 2016-05-07 | 2018-05-25 | 浙江大森亚环保有限公司 | Rubbish automatic conveying device |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3005039A1 (en) * | 1980-02-11 | 1981-08-20 | Siegfried 2301 Osdorf Bieder | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE COMBUSTION OF LOOSE SOLIDS |
AT383204B (en) * | 1984-04-06 | 1987-06-10 | Hargassner Anton | WOOD CHIPPER |
CH673149A5 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1990-02-15 | Kuepat Ag | |
US5279234A (en) * | 1992-10-05 | 1994-01-18 | Chiptec Wood Energy Systems | Controlled clean-emission biomass gasification heating system/method |
-
1995
- 1995-06-21 DK DK070895A patent/DK172334B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-06-18 EP EP96109716A patent/EP0750161B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-18 AT AT96109716T patent/ATE170610T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-18 DE DE69600585T patent/DE69600585T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK70895A (en) | 1996-12-22 |
DE69600585D1 (en) | 1998-10-08 |
DK172334B1 (en) | 1998-03-23 |
ATE170610T1 (en) | 1998-09-15 |
EP0750161A1 (en) | 1996-12-27 |
DE69600585T2 (en) | 1999-02-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0228409B1 (en) | Fuel gas-producing pyrolysis reactors | |
US4452611A (en) | Downdraft channel biomass gasifier | |
US4838185A (en) | Fluid fuel combustion process and turbulent-flow burner for implementing same | |
CA2222819C (en) | Method and device for producing and utilizing gas from waste materials | |
CA2228497A1 (en) | Fuel pellet and method of making the fuel pellet | |
US4377119A (en) | Method for burning materials having components that are difficult to burn out, and apparatus for carrying out the same | |
US4553285A (en) | Plug furnace | |
KR20090117973A (en) | Gas distribution arrangement for a rotary reactor | |
CN102329656B (en) | Downdraft biomass gasification reaction chamber and gasification process thereof | |
EP0434056B1 (en) | Method for combusting wet waste | |
EP0750161B1 (en) | Method and plant for production and combustion of a combustible product | |
RU2177977C2 (en) | Method for thermally processing biomass | |
AU2555488A (en) | Method for clean incineration of wastes | |
US4864943A (en) | System for burning pulverized fuel | |
CA2421297C (en) | Method and device for gasifying large pieces of solid fuels, especially biomass | |
US4780136A (en) | Method of injecting burning resistant fuel into a blast furnace | |
RU2122680C1 (en) | Solid fuel combustion process | |
SU1100464A1 (en) | Method of preparing solid fuel for combustion | |
RU1815505C (en) | Method of preparation of solid fuel for burning | |
CN101520176B (en) | Exothermic catalytic combustion method for pyrolysis gasification submelting furnace under pure oxygen conditions | |
CA1074688A (en) | Mixed-firing burners for use with pulverized coal and heavy oil | |
Smith et al. | An evaluation of two sunflower residue fuels | |
Verma | Biomass energy of rice drying | |
SU918679A1 (en) | Method of operation of bed-type furnace | |
GB2069668A (en) | Improvements in or relating to lime kilns |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT DE DK GB IE IT SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19961207 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19970304 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT DE DK GB IE IT SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 170610 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19980915 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69600585 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19981008 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19981202 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: 732E |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Payment date: 20090626 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20090603 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20090629 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20090625 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20090629 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20090629 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed | ||
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20100618 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100618 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100618 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20110101 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100618 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100618 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100619 |